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500 GRE Math Questions to Know by Test Day, 2nd Edition Sandra Luna Mccune full chapter instant download
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CONTENTS
Introduction vii
Chapter 3 M
ultiple-Choice Questions with One Correct
Answer 77
Questions 251–375
Chapter 4 M
ultiple-Choice Questions with One or More
Correct Answers 115
Questions 376–500
Answers 153
‹ v
‹ vii
These questions and the explanations in the answer key are the ideal last-minute
study tool for those final weeks before the test.
If you practice with all the questions and answers in this book, we are certain
you will build the skills and confidence needed to excel on the GRE. Good luck!
1. Quantity A Quantity B
1 19 (57)
24
3 (57)
25
‹ 1
Satya can do a job in 5 hours, working alone. Jordan can do the same job in
4 hours, working alone.
2. Quantity A Quantity B
3. Quantity A Quantity B
a b
d c
(A) Quantity A is greater.
(B) Quantity B is greater.
(C) The two quantities are equal.
(D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
3x 2 = 7 x − 2
4. Quantity A Quantity B
x 1
(A) Quantity A is greater.
(B) Quantity B is greater.
(C) The two quantities are equal.
(D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
B D
70°
30°
60°
65°
A C E
5. Quantity A Quantity B
DC DE
(A) Quantity A is greater.
(B) Quantity B is greater.
(C) The two quantities are equal.
(D) The relationship cannot be determined from the information given.
Directions for Questions 6 through 10: Enter your answer in the answer box
below the question.
6. Izel is interested in purchasing a new smartphone. She finds one that goes
on sale at a local electronics store for 20% less than the original price.
Before Izel can buy the phone, however, the store raises the sale price by
20%. If the 20% off sale price was $360, the final price is what percent of
the original price?
%
7. Ten years ago, Mateo was 1 as old as he will be in 20 years. How old will
Mateo be in 10 years? 3
years
8. A box contains blue, red, and yellow chips, all identical except for color.
If a chip is randomly drawn from the box, what is the probability that the
chip is yellow, given that there are half as many yellow chips as blue chips
in the box and 1.5 times as many red chips as blue chips? Express your
answer as a fraction.
Use the information shown in the figure below to answer the question that follows.
34% 34%
2% 2%
14% 14%
m – 2d m–d m m+d m + 2d
The figure shows approximate percents of the distribution in each of six regions of
a normal distribution with mean m and standard deviation d.
10. In a normal distribution of the years of service for teaching staff in a large
school district, the mean is 12 years and the standard deviation is 3.5 years.
Approximately what percent of the teachers have years of service between
5 years and 19 years?
Directions for Questions 11 through 15: Select the best one of the given answer
choices.
13. The table above shows the age distribution of students attending Premier
Community College. If a student is chosen at random, what is the prob-
ability that the student is 21 or over?
(A) 0.09
(B) 0.25
(C) 0.40
(D) 0.60
(E) 0.67
14. In triangle ABC, sides AB and AC are congruent. If the measure of angle
B is 40°, what is the measure of angle A?
(A) 50°
(B) 60°
(C) 80°
(D) 90°
(E) 100°
Directions for Questions 16 through 20: Select all the answer choices that apply. The
correct answer may be just one of the choices or may be as many as all of the choices,
depending on the question directions. No credit is given unless you select exactly the
number of correct choices specified in the question.
17. For which of the following expressions is r – s a factor? Indicate all such
expressions.
(A) s 3 − r 3
(B) (r 2 − s 2 )3
(C) r 3 − 3r 2 s + 3rs 2 − s 3
(D) r 2 + s 2
(E) r 4 − 2r 2 s 2 + s 4
18. Which of the following sets of lengths could form a right triangle? Indicate
all such sets.
(A) {6, 7, 13}
{
(B) 2, 4, 2 3 }
(C) {8, 15, 17}
{
(D) 5, 2 6, 7 }
(E) {1, }
5, 2
(F) {9, 40, 41}
19. A bike rider leaves camp and travels 8 miles to a ranger station, and then
rides 10 more miles. At this point, the rider is x miles from camp. Which
of the following is a possible value for x? Indicate all such values.
(A) 1
(B) 2
(C) 8
(D) 10
(E) 18
(F) 28
100%
90%
Yes
80%
70%
Yes
60%
50%
40%
No
30%
No
20%
10%
Not sure
Not sure
7th Grade 8th Grade
20. Based on the information in the graph, which of the following statements
must be true? Indicate all such statements.
(A) Sixty percent of 7th-grade students are in favor of school uniforms.
(B) The number of 7th-grade students opposed to school uniforms is
the same as the number of 8th-grade students in favor of school
uniforms.
(C) 450 of all the students surveyed are in favor of school uniforms.
(D) The percent of 7th-grade students opposed to school uniforms is the
same as the percent of 8th-grade students in favor of school uniforms.
(E) The number of 8th-grade students opposed to school uniforms is
greater than the number of 7th-grade students opposed to school
uniforms.
1. (C) Factor ( 57 )24 from Quantity A and then simplify. Quantity A equals
1 1
( 57 )25 = ( 57 ) ( 57 )24 = 19 ( 57 )24. The two quantities are equal. Select (C).
3 3
2. (A) A shortcut for finding the time it will take Satya and Jordan to do
the job working together is to divide the product of their times working
alone by the sum of their times working alone. Thus, Quantity A =
( Satya’s time working alone ) ( Jordan’s time working alone ) = (5) ( 4) = 20
( Satya’s time working alone ) + ( Jordan’s time working alone ) 5 + 4 9
≈ 2.2 hours, which is greater than 2 hours (Quantity B). Select (A).
a b
3. (B) Given that a, b, c, and d are all positive, a < b implies < ; c < d
d d
1 1 b b
> , and, thus, > , which is equivalent to b < b . Combining
implies
c d c d d c
a b b b a b
< and < gives < . Quantity B is greater. Select (B).
d d d c d c
3x 2 = 7 x − 2
3x 2 − 7 x + 2 = 0
( 3x − 1) ( x − 2) = 0
1
x = or x = 2
3
1
If x = , then Quantity B is greater. If x = 2, then Quantity A is greater. Because
3
you found different results (one where Quantity B was greater and one where
Quantity A was greater), the relationship cannot be determined from the informa-
tion given. Select (D).
5. (C) The sum of the measures of the angles of a triangle is 180°. Thus, the measure
of ∠ACB = 180° − 65° − 70° = 45°. A straight angle measures 180°. So, the measure
of ∠DCE = 180° − 45° − 60° = 75°. The measure of ∠E = 180° − 75° − 30° = 75°.
Thus, ∠DCE = ∠E = 75°, making triangle CDE an isosceles triangle with congru-
ent sides DC and DE. Therefore, the two quantities are equal. Select (C).
‹ 9
6. 96
Let x = the original price of the smartphone. Then, x − 20% x = $360, the sale
$360 $360
price. Hence, 80% x = $360. Solving for x yields x = = = $450,
80% 0.80
the original price. After the electronics store raises the sale price by 20%, the final
price is $360 + 20%($360) = $360 + 0.2($360) = $360 + $72 = $432. The percent
$432
$432 (the final price) of $450 (the original price) equals = 0.96 = 96%.
$450
7. 35
Let x = Mateo’s age now, then x − 10 = Mateo’s age 10 years ago, x + 20 =
Mateo’s age 20 years from now, and x + 10 = Mateo’s age 10 years from now.
Write and solve the following equation, and then compute x + 10.
1
x − 10 = ( x + 20)
3
3 x − 30 = x + 20
3 x − x = 20 + 30
2 x = 50
x = 25
x + 10 = 35
1
8.
6
Let y = the number of yellow chips in the box, b = the number of blue chips in the box,
and r = the number of red chips in the box. From the question information, b = 2y
and r = 1.5b = 1.5 ( 2 y ) = 3 y . Therefore, P(yellow), the probability of randomly draw-
y y y 1
ing a yellow chip from the box is P ( yellow ) = = = = .
y +b +r y + 2y + 3y 6y 6
9. 6,840
There are 20 ways to fill the first position. After the first position is filled, there are
19 ways to fill the second position. After the first and second positions are filled,
there are 18 ways to fill the third position for a total of 20 ⋅19 ⋅18 = 6,840 different
ways to fill the three positions.
10. 96
The mean m is 12 years and the standard deviation d is 3.5. Thus, 5 years is 2
standard deviations below the mean (because 12 − 2(3.5) = 12 − 7 = 5) and
19 years is 2 standard deviations above the mean (because 12 + 2(3.5) =
12 + 7 = 19). According to the figure shown, approximately 14% + 34% + 34% +
14% = 96% of the teaching staff have years of service between 5 years and 19 years.
11. (E) Looking for a pattern is the best strategy for this problem. Calculate powers
of 3: 30 = 1, 31 = 3, 32 = 9, 33 = 27, 34 = 81, 35 = 243. Because the units digit of
35 is 3, The next power, 36 , will have units digit 9, and 37 will have units digit 7.
Thus, the units digit for powers of 3 has the pattern 1, 3, 9, 7, 1, 3, 9, 7, and so on.
Therefore, for a whole number n, 34n has units digit 1, 34n +1 has units digit 3, 34n + 2
has units digit 9, and 34n + 3 has units digit 7. Hence, 3402 = 34⋅100 + 2 = 34n + 2 (where
n = 100) has units digit 9 (Choice E).
12. (D) Let 2x, 5x, and 6x equal the weights (in ounces) of ingredients A, B, and
C, respectively, in the mixture. Then, 2x + 5x + 6x = 78 ounces. Thus, 13x = 78
ounces, which yields x = 6 ounces, 2x = 12 ounces (the weight of ingredient A), 5x
= 30 ounces (the weight of ingredient B), and 6x = 36 ounces (the weight of ingre-
dient C). The difference in the weights of ingredients C and A is 30 ounces − 12
ounces = 24 ounces, choice (D).
13. (C) According to the table, the total number of students is 950 + 1,450 + 1,040 +
560 = 4,000. The number of students 21 or over is 1,040 + 560 = 1,600. There-
fore, if a student is chosen at random, the probability that the student is 21 or over
1,600
is = 0.40, choice (C).
4,000
40°
B C
Angles B and C are base angles of an isosceles triangle, so they are congruent and
have equal measure. Thus, angles B and C each have a measure of 40°. The sum of
the angles of a triangle is 180°. Hence, the measure of angle A is 180° − 2(40°) =
180° − 80° = 100°, choice (E).
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