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Ratio

In mathematics, a ratio indicates how many times one number contains another.

Ratio is used to compare the size of different parts of a whole.

For example, if there are eight oranges and six lemons in a bowl of fruit, then the ratio of oranges to
lemons is eight to six (that is, 8∶6, which is equivalent to the ratio 4∶3).

Solving Ratio Word Problems

To calculate the ratio of an amount we divide the amount by the total number of parts in the ratio and then
multiply this answer by the original ratio.
For Example: In a class of 50 students, 23 are girls and the remaining are boys. To find the ratio of the total number
of boys to the number of girls, please follow the steps shown below.

Total number of girls = 23

Total number of boys = Total number of students - total number of girls
= 50 - 23
= 27
Therefore, the desired ratio is, (Number of boys: Number of girls), which is 27:23.

1. There are 49 boys and 28 girls in school. Express the ratio of the number of boys to that of girls
2. A music class has 30 students. Out of the 10 of them were adults and the rest were children. What is
the ratio of the number of children to the total number of students in the music class?
3. Find the simplest form of 87:75
4. In Steve's class, the ratio of the number of students with blonde hair to the number of students with
brown hair is 6:7.If there are total of 130 students in the class, how many of them have blonde hair?

5. The ratio of x and y is 6:5. If x=65, what is the value of y?

6. There were 46 people in the tram, among which 6 were boys, 8 were girls, 8 were women, and 10 were
men.What is the ratio of total males in the tram to the total number of females?

Proportion
Proportion is a mathematical comparison between two numbers.
According to proportion, if two sets of given numbers are increasing or decreasing in the same ratio, then the ratios
are said to be directly proportional to each other.
Proportions are denoted using the symbol '::' or '='

For Example: I travelled 60 miles in 2 hours. Assuming my speed doesn’t change, how far will I travel in 3
hours?
Distance covered in 2 hours = 60. Its ratio will be 60:2
Distance to be covered in 3 hours could be written as x: 3
Our equation will be
60: 2 :: x: 3
60×3 = 2×x
2x = 180
X= 180/2

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X= 90
So, 90 miles will be covered in 3 hours
How to calculate proportion?
1. Identify the known ratio and the unknown ratio.
2. Set up the proportion.
3. Cross-multiply and solve.
4. Check the answer by plugging the result into the unknown ratio.
1. The number of archery fans is proportional to the number of baseball fans in a given coffee shop. At first,
there are 6 archery fans and 9 baseball fans. If the number of baseball fans increases to 24, how ma ny
archery fans must there be?
2. Find out if the following ratios are in proportion: 8:10 and 12:15
3. If 12:18::20: p. Find the value of x to make the ratios proportional?
4. Find the third proportional to 3 and 6
5. The cost of 4 kg of rice is $28. Find the cost of 20 kg the rice

Practice Questions
1. The ratio of the length to the width of a flower garden is 3/2. Calculate the length of the flower garden if the
width is 36 m
2. In the church choir, groups of men and women are to be formed be formed. If each group should consist of
6 women and 4 men. How many men are required, if there are 102 women in the church?
3. In Lucy’s class there are 12 boys and 18 girls. Write the ratio of girls: boys in its simplest form.
4. Gertie has two grandchildren, Jasmine, aged 2, and Holly, aged 4. Gertie divides £30 between
them in the ratio of their ages. How much do they each get?
5. The ratio of cups of flour:cups of water in a pizza dough recipe is 9:4. A pizza restaurant makes a
large quantity of dough, using 36 cups of flour. How much water should they use
6. Rosie and Jim share some sweets in the ratio 5:7. If Jim gets 12 sweets more than Rosie, work
out the number of sweets that Rosie gets
7. If twelve inches correspond to 30.48 centimeters, how many centimeters are there in thirty
inches?

21 Babar Block, New Garden Town, Near Barkat Market Lahore

0333-4438610 0300-4469650 03456338610 042-35911609