ELECTRICAL DESIGN

DRAWING
By Engineer Ahmed Mahdy/ Khadija Academy
 What are we going to learn ?
■ Learn the basics of Autocad.
■ Understand basic concepts about lighting design.
■ Understand manual calculation of lighting design.
■ Use Dialux to design lighting in our plan.
■ Add sockets to our plan then wire both of them along with the luminaries.
■ Design power and lighting circuits.
■ Design our panel with its circuit breakers and wires required.
■ Understand how to select circuit breakers and wires.
■ Discuss a single line diagram for a large industrial area and its content.
■ Understand how to do voltage drop and short circuit calculations using Etap.
What is AutoCAD ?
■ AutoCAD is a 2-D and 3-D computer-aided drafting software application used in
architecture, construction, and manufacturing to assist in the preparation of blueprints and
other engineering plans. Professionals who use AutoCAD are often referred to as drafters.
■ AutoCAD is used to create blueprints for buildings, bridges, and computer chips, among
other things.
■ Mechanical drafters prepare plans for machinery and mechanical devices.
■ Architectural drafters draw up plans for residential and commercial buildings.
■ Civil drafters draw up plans for use in the design and building of roadways, bridges, sewer
systems, and other major projects.
■ Electrical drafters work with electricians to prepare diagrams of wiring electrical system
layouts.
■ Electronics drafters also prepare wiring diagrams for use in the making, installing, and
repairing of electronic gadgets.
What is DiaLux ?

■ It is a Free Software you can design, calculate and visualize light professionally
■ Example :single rooms, whole floors, buildings and outdoor scenes.
■ DIALux is used as a planning tool by over 680 000 lighting designers worldwide.
■ DIALux constantly undergoes further development and meets the requirements of
modern lighting design and lighting calculation.
■ You can plan and design using the electronic luminaire catalogues of the world's
leading luminaire manufacturers. Using the CAD data of other architectural
programs like Autocad, you can create your own lighting design.
 Electrical Drawing

As Built Drawing
Design Drawing
Drawing that reflects the as-constructed
Conceptual Drawing conditions of a project.
It is a technical drawing that shows
information about power, lighting,
Shop Drawing
and communication for
an engineering or architectural project.
Any electrical working drawing consists of Show more construction details than are shown on the
"lines, symbols, dimensions, and notations contract drawings.
to accurately convey an engineering's Step by step “assembly manual”, whereas the contract
design to the workers, who install drawings as merely the “picture on the box”.
the electrical system on the job"
Steps of Project
1- Adjust Settings as Unit : Length(meter) and Lighting(Lux) also Height, Light Loss Factor
and Reflection Factors also Personal Data.
2- Load Dwg File or AutoCad File to Edit Areas of All Rooms.
3- Selection of Luminaries which will Be used in the Project using Catalogues and data.
4- Insert Luminaries in Each Room according to lux Required and Type of luminaire.
5- Calculation and Reedit for Mistakes in Design.
6- Design of Emergency and Adding Light Scenes.
7- Selecting and Printing Required pages.
8- Exporting Pdf and Dwg files.
 Important Notes when Designing

■ Uniform Distribution Factor= Emin/Emax must be greater than 0.3

■ Eye Comfort Factor= Emin/Eavg must be greater than 0.4
■ Reflection Factor Depend on Different factors as Color of the Room and type of surface or
Material
■ We will assume 60 for Celling , 40 for Walls, 20 for Ground.
■ Control Group means that some of Luminaries are connected together, they can be switched
on or off together.
Important Notes when Designing

■ When we add Light Scene to the Control Group , it means that we want to see the effect
of this control Group from Lux ,Eye comfort and Uniform Distribution Factor point of view.
■ So when we are doing two different Lightings , one for Normal and other for Emergency,
we put each one of them in a different Control Group and then add to Light Scene to see
how well they are.
■ For Emergency we would like to have at least 100 Lux .
■ Number of Luminaries per Line Less than or equal to 10.
■ You can Also add Furniture to your Rooms by Clicking on Object and then Choosing what
would like and then add to the Room.
■ In Lighting we Use CSA 2-3 mm^2
Important Notes when Designing

■ For Sockets 3-4 mm^2 from 2000-2500 VA.

■ More than 8KVA we use 3 phase Meter.
■ Each Power socket is on one Circuit(One Line).
■ 5-7 Normal Socket/Circuit where Normal Socket from 180-250 VA.
■ For 1.5,2,2.5,3,3.5 HP we use Single Phase Socket.
■ For 5,7,10 HP we use 3 Phase Socket.
Important Notes when Designing

■ Distance between Socket and Another from 3-5 Meters in Rooms.

■ In Corridor Distance will be 6 meters.
■ If you know the Furniture then Beside each Desk, there will be Duplex Normal
Socket or one Normal Socket.
 Types of Sockets

Normal Socket Single Phase up Power Socket

to 1500 VA

Single Phase
Single Duplex 3 phase
from 2000 VA
Outlet Outlet Any Power
Example:
Heater, AC, Example :
And Washing Air
Machine conditioning
7 HP
Air Conditioning

■ We Can assume that for Each 1 Hp can cover 8 m^2

of Space , the number of Hp increases as the Space
increases.
■ But that depends more on the design of Mechanical
Engineer.
■ For 12 m^2 we will use 1.5 HP.
Circuit Breakers
 Circuit Breaker Selection
■ For Single Phase at 220 Volt , I load=S*4.5 or Hp*4.5.
■ For Three Phase at 380 Volt , I load=S*1.5 or Hp*1.5.
For Breakers

I C.B=I Load*1.25.
For HVAC or motors , we have starting current so to prevent operation of CB during
Starting we multiply I C.B by 2.5.

For Main CB

we will take the total connected load and multiply by diversity factor since they are
not operating at same time

D.F=0.6 to 0.7 in Residential Building ,0.8 to 0.9 in Commercial but 0.9 to 1 in

Factory or industrial Plant.
If we have demand of 17350 VA
Then Diversified Connected Load=17350x0.7=12000 VA.
I=12*1.5=18 A since it is 3 phase Load.
I C.B=18*1.25=22.5 A so CB=25 A.
For the Cable I Cable=25/0.8=30 A.
Cable Selection
I Cable=I C.B*1.25
Unbalance Precentage

■ We get Vavg=VA of R+VA of S+VA of T/3.

■ % unbalanced=VA max-VA avg/VA avg.
■ Or % unbalanced=VA max-VA min/VA max *100.
■ It should be less than 10%.