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A 159195512268
A 159195512268
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Weightage
Electromagnetics finds a number of applications in various streams of Electrical engineering, some are
The laws that are studied here are so fundamental that even Network Analysis laws have been derived from
here. So, if you do not understand the laws of Electromagnetism then you lack the thorough knowledge of
Electrical Engineering.
Power Systems is another subject where combined application of Electromagnetic theory and Network theory
can help prepare, understand and score well in the subject.
Also, understanding the operation of Electrical Machines, Transformers which is an important subject for GATE
is impossible without the understanding of the laws of Electromagnetism.
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Preparation Strategies
• Electromagnetics is the study of the effect of charges at rest and charges in motion.
Some special cases of electromagnetics:
Electrostatics: charges at rest
Magnetostatics: charges in steady motion (DC)
Electromagnetic : charges in time-varying motion (AC)
• Fundamental vector field quantities in electromagnetics:
Electric field intensity - E
units = volts per meter (V/m )
Electric flux density (electric displacement) - D
units = coulombs per square meter (C/m2)
Magnetic field intensity - H
units = amps per meter (A/m)
Magnetic flux density- B
units = teslas = webers per square meter (T = Wb/ m2 )
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Introduction
nature.
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Scalar and Vector
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Unit Vector / Direction Vector
A unit vector is a vector with a magnitude of one unit.
Any vector can be expressed as a scalar multiple of its unit vector.
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Position Vector
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Distance Vector
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Coordinate Systems
• Consider the set of locations in your room. Each point has a unique
identity, but they don’t come with names.
• We can use descriptions, like “the point at the corner of the desk”,
or “the set of points exactly three inches from the top of the lamp”,
but that sort of thing is ad hoc. If we can name them
systematically, we can start reasoning about the whole space.
• A simple way to systematically name every point, called a
Cartesian coordinate system, is to give its perpendicular distance
from the floor and two adjacent walls—each point gets a unique
name in this system.
• If the room is circular, you’d have to make an imaginary wall, or you
could use the height from the floor, the distance from the center,
and the angle between a line from the center through the point and
a line from the center through another fixed point, like the door.
This is an example of cylindrical coordinates.
• On the globe, we systematically name locations by giving their
latitude, longitude, and altitude. you’re using a spherical coordinate
plane in real life. 12
Cartesian System
Ranges
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Cartesian System
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Cartesian System
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Cylindrical System
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Cylindrical System
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Cylindrical System
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Cylindrical System
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Cylindrical System
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Relation between
Cartesian and Cylindrical
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Spherical System
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Relation between
Cartesian and Spherical System
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Vector Multiplication
The Knowledge of vector multiplication allows us to transform the vectors from one coordinate system to other.
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Scalar Product or DOT Product
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Properties of DOT Product
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Applications of DOT Product
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Applications of DOT Product
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Vector Product or Cross Product
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Vector Product or Cross Product
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Vector Product or Cross Product
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Applications of Cross Product
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Vector Product or Cross Product
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Vector Product or Cross Product
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Transformation of Vectors
Cartesian to Cylindrical
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Transformation of Vectors
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Transformation of Vectors
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Transformation of Vectors
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Coulomb's Law
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Coulomb's Law
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Coulomb's Law
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Coulomb's Law
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Vector form of Coulomb's Law
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Vector form of Coulomb's Law
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Force due to 'n' Charges
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Coulomb's Law : Steps to solve Problems
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Electric Field Intensity
An electric field is an elegant way of characterising the electrical environment of a system of charges.
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Electric Field Intensity
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Electric Field Intensity
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Electric Field Intensity
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Electric Field Intensity : Units
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Electric Field Intensity : n Charges
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Electric Field Intensity : Observations
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Charge Configurations
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Charge Configurations
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E due to Infinite Line Charge
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E due to Infinite Line Charge
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E due to Charged Circular Ring
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E due to Charged Circular Ring
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E due to Infinite Sheet of Charge
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E due to various Configurations
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Thank you
Email: nagesh.eee@jntua.ac.in