VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELGAVI

A technical Seminar Report on

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

submitted by
PAVAN U C
1AY16ME059

Guided by
Prof. Lavakumar S

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Acharya Institute of Technology, Soladevanahalli
Bengaluru - 560107
CONTENTS

 Objectives
 Introduction
 Energy sources
 Importance of energy conservation
 Energy conservation at Various levels
 Energy policy in India
 Conclusion
 References
OBJECTIVES

• Provision of the opportunities for decreasing specific energy

consumption.

• Provision of good practices for effective utilization of energy sources.

• Provision of good practics to recover waste energies.

• Enable the management for developing plan for energy intensity

reduction.

• To use benchmarking Techniques for the prioritization of investments.

INTRODUCTION

• Energy Conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy

consumption. Energy conservation can be achieved through
increased efficient energy use, in conjunction with decreased
energy consumption and/or reduced consumption from
conventional energy sources.

• Individuals and organization s that are direct consumers of energy

choose to conserve energy to reduce energy Costs and promote
economic security.

• Industrial and commercial users can increase energy use

efficiency to maximize profit.
 ENERGY SOURCES

We have always been using different form of energy obtained from various sources for
our daily activities like Cooking, heating, plouging, transportation etc for example, Heat
energy is required for Cooking purpose is obtained from firewood, kerosene oil, coal,
electricity. We use animal power like horse, Bullock for transportation and for running minor
mechanical devices.

There are two types of Energy resources, namely

 Non-renewble sources of energy

 Renewable sources of energy
CLASSIFICATION OF ENERGY SOURCES
Non- renewable sources of energy
• Energy sources which are easily available and have been usage for a long time.
These have been in use since ancient times. Most important among them are Fossil
fuels.
• Fossil fuels are the fossilized remains of plants and animals, which over millions of
years have been transformed into coal, petroleum products and natural gas.
• Coal is the most abundant Fossil fuel. It’s mainly used for combustion in cooking and
industrial activities.
• Oil and Natural gases are formed from plants and animals which once lived In
tropical areas.
Renewable sources of enery
Renewable energy is often referred to a clean energy,comes from the natural
resources or process that are constantly replenished. For example, sunlight or wind
keep shining and blowing even if their availability depends on time ande weather.
• Solar energy
• Hydro/Hydel energy
• Nuclear energy
. • Tidal energy
• Wind energy , etc
IMPORTANCE OF ENERGY CONSERVATION

• Conservation can save money

.• Energy should be conserved to reduce pollution
• Conservation can also help to reduce the risk of oil spells and threats that impose on
our eco-system
• Energy saved is energy generated.
• Energy Conservation is important even with regard to social impact on countries and
communities
•. Energy Conservation is very important for future generations.
• We save a count when we save energy.
ENERGY CONSERVATION AT VARIOUS LEVELS

1. Energy Conservation at household level

2. Energy Conservation at community level
3. Energy Conservation at Industries and other places
4. Energy conservation at Transportation sector
Energy Conservation at household
level

The steps in developing an energy conservation plan for our home are
1) Identify the problem areas where energy is being lost or inefficiently used.
2) To prioritize the problems, areas according to how much energy is being lost or
Inefficiently used.
3) Systematically correct the prioritized problem; according to the limits of our
Household energy improvement budget.
Some energy conservation activities are mentioned below.
• Refrigerator
Condenser is found either behind the fridge or underneath the fridge and
helps in maintaining its lower temperature.
We can conserve Energy using following methods
• It should be maintained at 37F- 40°F and freezer section at 50°F and should have
automatic moisture control.
• If the door of refrigerator is not closed properly, then it will consume more energy.
• Uncovered liquids should not be put in refrigerators as it will extra workload for the
compressor.
• Refrigerator should be positioned in a such way that it’s outside surface is exposed to
direct sunlight.
 Washing Machine

Washing machines consume 20% of the electricity. Energy can be conserved during
the
usage of washing machine in the following ways
• We should try to use cold water while washing and rinsing as almost 90% of the
Energy consumed by washing machine used to heat the water. Follow detergent
instructions carefully. Adding too much detergent.
• Effective washing action may require more energy. Wash only full loads of clothing
But do not overload machine.
• Soak or prewash the clothes for collective cleaning well as to reduce energy
consumption.
Energy Conservation at community
level

Energy conservation is a very sensitive issue throughout the world. In a society where
money and especially saving of financially advantageous options are available to us, we
should follow the following measures to reduce energy consumption.
• All unnecessary lights should be turned off especially when conference rooms etc. are
not in use
• Energy uses should be minimized during peak demand hours.
• Set computers, monitors, photocopiers and other business equipment to their energy
saving mode. Turn them off during long idle hours such as lunch breaks.
• Skylights should be used for warehouses.
• Ensure that offices having air conditions have proper windows and all doors are closed
when the air conditioner is in use.
Energy Conservation at Industries &
other places

Energy conservation is the practice of decreasing the quantity of energy used. It may be
achieved through efficient energy use, in which case energy use is decreased while
achieving n similar outcome, or by reduced consumption of energy services. At different
places such as factories, business centers, transportation sector and construction activities,
it can be saved in the following ways:
At factories and business centers including shops:
(a) Auditing
Regular monitoring and audit of energy consumption results in energy conservation.
(b) Process modification
Process modification means replacement of old and more energy consuming processes by
the new energy efficient processes. Old factories should now employ process modification.
(c) Improved measuring instruments
We can use new technologies and energy efficient instruments and processes to conserve
energy.
(d) Energy loss Reduction
A lot of energy is wasted everyday. We can reduce energy loss by using following
measures, for example: thermal insulation of fuel tanks can be done, Ceramic fiber sealing
of furnaces. Electrical tracing of liquid fuel lines instead of conventional steam heating.
Energy Conservation at Transportation
sector

Transportation includes all vehicles used for personal or freight transportation.

Energy can be conserved in transportation by the following ways:
(1) Reduction of Fuel consumption
Fuel consumption can be reduced in the following ways
• Use public transportation as much as possible instead of using own vehicles.
• Car speed should be maintained far as possible 50 to 60 km/hr.
• Do not use choke unless necessary, when choke is used, put it off as soon as engine is
warmed up, if there is a starting trouble, press clutch to start the engine.
• Avoid free frequent starts and stops to reduce fuel consumption. Release clutch pedal
gradually and simultaneously press accelerator lo racing and or jerking.
• Never race engine when declutched. Declutch fully when changing gears on clutch pedal
because this because clutch wear and fuel consumption.
(2) Fuel Economy- Maximizing Behavior
Fuel economy maximizing behavior describes techniques that drivers can use to optimize
their automobile fuel economy. The energy in fuel consumed in driving lost in many ways
including engine inefficiency, aerodynamic drag, rolling friction an kinetic energy lost due
to braking.
They include following measures
• Moderate driving and Driving at lower speeds
• Using cruise control (speed control or auto cruise controls speed and maintains steady
Speed by the driver).
• Turning off a vehicles engine at stops rather than idling;
• A vehicles gas mileage decreases rapidly al. highway speeds, normally above 55 miles
Per hour.
ENERGY POLICY IN INDIA

(1) Short Term

• Maximize returns from the existing assets.
• Reduce losses in transportation and in end use.
• Initial action to reduce energy intensity of different consuming sectors and promote
conservation through organizational and fiscal measures.
• Initiate steps to meet the basic energy need of rural and urban households so as to
reduce the existing inequities.
• Maximize satisfaction of demand for energy from indigenous resources.
(2) Medium Term
• Progressive steps to substitute petroleum products by coal, natural gas and electricity.
• Action for accelerated development of all renewable energy resources
especially hydro potential.
• Remote programmers to achieve self-reliance in energy sector.
• Create appropriate organizational changes in consistent with the overall
energy strategy.
(3) Long Term
• Promote an energy supply system, largely based on renewable sources of
energy.
• Promote technologies of production, transportation and use of energy that
are environmentally benign and cost effective.
CONCLUSION

Energy is a short term supply in India and is expensive for industries so it is

necessary to adopt energy conservation technologies to enhance energy
efficiency. With the use of energy efficient technologies, many businesses
could cut their energy consumption to 20%.
There is a need to establish local training centers for energy conservation
technologies to create awareness among all employees for Energy
Conservation Movement.Productivity and Growth of an organization will if
they adopt energy conservation as culture of an organization.
REFERENCES

1. Zehner, Ozzie (2018). Unintended consequences of green Techniques. Retrieved

14 June 2016
2. Patrick Leslie, Joshua Pearce, Rob Harrap, Sylvie Daniel, “ The application of
smartphone technology to economic and environmental analysis of built energy
conservation strategies”. International Journal of sustainable Energy, pp 295-311
(2012)
3. "Energy efficiency: The elusive megawatt" . The Economist. The Economist. 8
May 2008. Retrieved 21 August 2013
4. "Toolkit for managers of energy conservation projects: How to learn about
people's topical concerns" Archived from the original on 20 August 2011.
THE END