Inealian Ye cloas

govened by he Sawe
The in Tegalion a Veclo
6 0nahy selli wleytnlin
ules these Ahich apbly
eeo nlegal s Conenled
inl
Grenetally, a

evaualedby USin meUuds

vsing
Stalat integtil and then inle filb, name
ineytalin. These a
3, Tyes
mle yinl and vtere inlegral.
V

bine nlegial, Surface

LINE IN TEGRAL OF A VEC TOR FiEIDA:
veclt alr
The
The inle gtalen of Tangenial omborenl a
ate line inlegtnl f te veclor peld.
a Curve"%knaim
CAve b
A
Conssde a Cuhve A, A
in
in te vecbs peld A.
Condet a Smal elemenl f 2
A
engdl aong e Cuive ,A,
.T' sal
birduel te
alon te diteclon

lenq e ebmeht
 AAl Adl es 0 =
(A Cs8) dl
e line-inlegnl
Nou, te
No el h alm Curve
depnnda
I
A A
sCaled e line nlyol
aln Ue ve 1
A
A tue Vnei

A
A A

+ dl - 0 A
: -
A

dl= 0
shen densles e integal
te atd a clad aave.

weln kld whuse une inlegsal tve

Such
cled patl o alled Con Setvalu held.
 Susac Ioksal d a_lecle jiea):
The
he islegsalin ecls held[R) ag a Surple
tino domnin) is Galld t-nbysl aveitnhld
ite,
ie, h Nd

Cn Sider Swple S in e
a

tecta held . Divide is ds

Susble mlo a lne humbe of

elomenle sun ds, ds,dy
Crsdes bne Snd ebm et
ahun ds d wela ds h
e nth inlyol
vecle F abg e
SsahS
Ad=d +
h,d, +
t A.d
ds0 i=)
n

vecla hell nks alud

The Surpt inleytul of a
autuahd lux and .
he ulace u encesed e
ds
Exanple
E i e elecic held inleneily, en
Susple's
 Velume inlesal q a _uiha_held
The inlegalm a wrla peld abry, shnte te, in 3-D)
inletol a vedajell?
sCaled vedure
Cansider Vodume V in nwe
held A n Shnm
V
Bind tin volme i a l a y nlorke)

Shnl cbmenf yolum dy ,dyd

Camder Dnt nth ebat vdano dv

tin Vde mzel f weh pelda) hO

he volumi V
v
Ady = AdyA,dt +,d
V
Pt A d
n Telns Aochp.bs Caparnk,

V
V
No TE vecla helds
bme od Suthte inlegtols ato alun dened
an he dehed bot sabs a ul
onl whetns
only V6lume inleal
as 0veca, helomdvoune ivlegs se deihe, iulopbsCalesSingle, donble ad
live, S/b
 Nmeaical Llems (12
- -2 1) 1
nd d f1
se Gnivtn
IZ

713+?2

+22) t 72) i265*z)

3)212 z 1 4 P()
Luhe(3y,z ) = ttm
2), ttm
2()(D9)+i-3)
SA+0-k A
 (23)
let the wclos dnd B be expoased a
wehs T d i h
4 14 At
Bz R
B+
+E 241t)/28)1itt)+
1

A,+Bx)+18) 2/A2tBz)
A Bz

.A t V.B Pavtd