MINAHASA WOODEN HOUSE

CONSTRUCTION
AT PAPUA NEW GUINEA
A. “Minahasa Stage House” made of wood.
Named “Minahasa Stage House” because it was built with a height of 1 m to 4 m above the
ground. The Minahasa stilt house is the hallmark of the Minahasa traditional house located
in North Sulawesi, Indonesia.
B. A brief history of why the Minahasa people made the Minahasa Stage House.
1. Since 1500 the ancestors of the Minahasa tribe have started to build a stage house with
a simpler form with only one room. And in 1950 the Minahasa Tribe began to build a
Stage House by paying attention to the beauty and design of the house.
2. Geologically in the Minahasa area, there are many volcanoes that are still active today
which sometimes cause earthquakes. To avoid earthquakes, the Minahasa tribe since
the 1500s have started building earthquake-resistant houses, namely houses made of
wood with a knock down system.
3. To avoid attacks by wild animals, the Minahasa tribe builds houses with a height of 2m
to 4m above the ground.
4. In ancient times there were frequent wars between tribes or sudden attacks from other
tribes, and to avoid the occurrence of many victims to the Minahasa tribe, stilt houses
were built.
5. With the development of cultural civilization and technological advances, in 1950 the
Minahasa Tribe began to build a Stage House by paying attention to design and beauty.
6. As a characteristic of Minahasa cultural customs, since 1500 until now the Minahasa
Stage House has been made for generations or regeneration and is known as the
Minahasa Wooden House trade name.
C. Types and Design of Wooden Houses
Before starting the manufacture of a wooden house, the type, design and general
specifications of the house to be made must first be determined.
1. Type and Design
Determination of the type and design of the house to be made according to the data
below or the type and design of the customer, such as:
1.1. Gasebo / Cottage Model (1 cabin)
Type 16 (4 m x 4 m = 16 M2) = 6 M3
Type 24 (4 m x 6 m = 24 M2) = 8 M3
Type 30 (5 m x 6 m = 30 M2) = 10 M3
Type 36 (6 m x 6 m = 36 M2) = 12 M3
1.2. House Model (2 upto 4 Cabin)
Type 42 (6 m x 7 m = 42 M2) = 14 M3
Type 48 (6 m x 8 m = 48 M2) = 16 M3
Type 54 (6 m x 9 m = 54 M2) = 18 M3
Type 63 (7 m x 9 m = 63 M2) = 21 M3
 Type 96 (8 m x 12 m = 96 M2) = 33 M
Type 120 (10 m x 12 m = 120 M2) = 40 M3
Type 140 (10 m x 14 m = 140 M2) = 46 M3
Type 160 (10 m x 16 m = 160 M2) = 53 M3
1.3. Barrack / Dormitory Model (More than 4 Cabin)
1.4. Example of a Type 63 wooden house plan

2. Example of General Specifications/Standard Wooden House Type 63

1. POLE TOP (Room) Iron Wood

2. GIRDER (STRUCTURE/LOWER FRAME) Steel
3. FLOOR girder - Iron Wood
4. WALL girder - Iron Wood
5. TOP girder - Iron Wood
6. ROOF girder/KASSO - Nyatoh Wood
7. ROOF FRAME - Nyatoh Wood
8. CEILING FRAME - Nyatoh Wood
9. DOOR FRAME / WINDOW FRAME - Iron Wood
10. VENTILATION SYSTEM - Iron Wood
11. WINDOW BREAKFAST - Iron Wood
12. FLOOR - Nyatoh Wood
13. WALL - Nyatoh Wood
14. CEILING - Nyatoh Wood
15. LATA / RENGK ROOF - Nyatoh Wood
16. LESPLANG - Nyatoh Wood
17. STAIRS - Nyatoh Wood
18. STAIRS - Nyatoh Wood
19. STANDARD HANDS - Iron Wood
20. TERRACE RAILING - Iron Wood
 21. WINDOW LEAF - Nyatoh Wood
22. DOOR LEAVE - Nyatoh Wood
23. RAILING WOOD ORNAMENT MOTIF - Variation: Nyatoh Wood
24. VENTILATION - Made Variation: Nyatoh Wood
25. DOOR - Made Variation: Nyatoh Wood
26. WINDOW - Made Variation: Nyatoh Wood
27. Roof Height From Ceiling: xxx Meters
28. Door Height: xxx Meters
29. Standard Door Width: xxx cm
30. Stair Width: xxx cm
31. ROOF - (Non Timber): Zinc Standard
32. GLASS - (Non Wood): Rayban / Clear xxx mm
33. KEY SET - (Non Wood): Standard
34. TAILS - (Non-Wood): Standard
35. Wooden House Height / 2 Floors: Main Pole (xxx cm x xxx cm Min.) Iron Wood
NOTE - Addendum: All parts of the Wooden House Components can be replaced from
standard specifications as per DEMAND and AGREEMENT. House specifications are
subject to change depending on the agreement.

D. Drying Wood / in the Oven before use.

Wood raw materials, before use, should be dried by the Oven or Manual Method with a
moisture content of about 11%. The drying of the wood raw materials that will be used for
the manufacture of wooden houses is carried out by the sawmill manufacturer.

E. Selection of Raw Materials (Beams, Piles and Boards)

The selection of raw materials (Beams, Poles, Boards etc.) is carried out by a wooden house
expert/supervisor.

F. Stages of Making a Wooden House

1. Basic Foundation Pillar (local name : Batu Umpak)
As a wooden house holder, it is usually made of reinforced concrete with a height of about
50 cm – 75 cm.
2. Pole Parent (local name: Arii)
Lower support pole, made of Merbau wood or the like with a height of about 1 m – 4 m.
3. Lower Transverse Beam (local name : Pangarian)
We recommend using merbau wood or the like.
4. Long Beam / Main Beam (local name : Linempas)
 We recommend using merbau wood or the like.
5. Auxiliary beams (local name Entangan)
We recommend using merbau wood or the like.
6. Window Frame Pole (local name : Salawako)
We recommend using merbau wood or the like.
7. Ring Beams Long and Transverse
We recommend using merbau wood or the like.
8. Roof Frame
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
9. Ground Floor
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
10. Wall
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
11. Ceiling
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
12. Door
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
13. Window
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
14. Ventilation
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
15. Hand Rail
It is better to use Meranti Group wood or the like.
16. Roof
For the roof, you should use zinc or spandex
17. Finishing
- Roof seng / Spandek
- Toilet and Bathroom
- Locks and hinges of doors and windows,
- sandpaper,
- Painting with Mowilex Paint 3 times + Clear

G. Location / Time of work of manufacture

1. Location of work, preferably a plain with an area of about 1 ha concentrated in one
place.
2. The location is not too far from the source of the board and beam material.
 3. Security guarantees from the security forces at the work site from any disturbance.
4. The size of 4m x 6m (one room) with a workforce of 8 people can be done for 30 working
days, and the size of 8m x 12m (two rooms) with a workforce of 13 people can be done
for 60 working days.

H. Unloading / Installing Work Time

1. Demolition of wooden houses can be done for 6 working days.
2. Installation/reassembly of the wooden house can be done in about 15 – 30 working
days.

I. Termite Control
Termite control treatment can be done:
1. Before the selection of raw materials (Beams, boards, etc.). The trick is to soak the wood
raw materials with termite-proof liquid for 1 to 2 hours, then remove and dry.
2. Before painting the entire house, spraying is carried out with termite-repellent liquid for
wood such as Chlordane or the like, which can make the wooden house free of termites
for more than 30 years.
J. Types of Sawmill Equipment
For sawmill equipment, you can deal directly with the sawmill manufacturer on site. For
information, videos and photos of sawmill equipment for the home industry are also
attached.

K. Wood Material Preparation Work

The preparation of wood materials is carried out by a sawmill company or a special supplier
of beams and boards. The preparation of wood material includes drying or oven.

L. Quotation of Manufacturing Fee and Payment Method

1. Prior to the construction of a wooden house, a Cooperation Agreement (MOU) or
Contract for the Construction of a wooden house must be made between the two parties.
Contracts made for one or several wooden house units in writing and signed by both
parties who are notarized or legalized by the PNG government.
2. The cost of making a wooden house varies according to the type, design and model of
the house.
2.1. Wooden House Type 16 to Type 36,
The cost of making IDR. X.xxx.xxx,- / M2.
2.2. Wooden House Type 42 up,
The cost of making IDR. X.xxx.xxx,- / M2
2.3. The cost of making the wooden house above does not include:
- Transport and Accomodation handyman (round trip) as per actual cost.
- Accommodation, food and drink for craftsmen while at the job site.
 - Transport of wood materials and transport of wooden houses to other
places.
- The cost of wood and other materials.
- Cost of work equipment and equipment preparation (according to the
attached list of tools).
- Manpower for sawmill.
- Paint and painting personnel.
- Paperwork and all necessary permits while in PNG.
- Letters and permits for raw materials and the manufacture of wooden
houses.
- Toilet and bathroom (only the room is made).
- Procurement of clean water, installation of water pipes, electrical
installations and accessories.
- Materials for making concrete and its workmanship.
- Upgrade specifications and additional lobby ceiling materials.
- Training and accommodation of local people during the training.
- Security costs or any costs related to worker safety.
3. Payment Method for Contract Value
Payment is made in stages as follows:
3.1. The first stage
Prior to starting work at the manufacturing workshop location, a payment of 50% of
the contract value is made.
3.2. Second Stage
After completion of construction or before the wooden house is moved from the
location of the workshop to another location, the final payment of the contract value
is 50%
3.3. Transport and accommodation of the handyman during the trip to PNG (round-trip)
paid / transferred after signing the Cooperation Agreement (MOU) / Contract.
Note:
1. If there are corrections or additions, please provide written information.
2. As a recommendation:
- If this work is for the long term, we should conduct a survey directly to PNG first.
Surveys related to the preparation of raw materials for wooden house materials and
the availability of work equipment and other supporting equipment.
- At the time of the survey we were also able to do a short presentation about the work
of making a wooden house.
- In this first meeting, you can directly discuss the Cooperation Agreement / Contract.
Yours Faithfully,
Judry