KMH 316 Biotechnology b.

man-made chemical used to treat infectious

Microbial Growth diseases
c. natural substance produced by one
1. The term "growth" when used for microorganism that inhibits the growth of
microorganisms, refers to: another microorganism
a. an increase in cell number d. a pill that kills microorganisms
b. production of endospores 8. Which of the following is the best definition of
c. the age of the cell generation time?
d. an increase in the size of the cell A) The length of time it takes for lag phase.
2. Most bacteria increase in number through the B) The length of time it takes for a population of
process of: cells to double.
a. binary fission C) The maximum rate of doubling divided by
b. budding the initial count.
c. sporulation D) The duration of log phase.
d. sexual reproduction E) The time it takes for nuclear division.
3. Which organism could be found living in a 9. An experiment began with 4 cells and ended
Yellowstone hotspring? with 128 cells. How many generations did the
a. thermophile cells go through?
b. mesophile A) 64
c. metaphile B) 32
d. psychrophile C) 6
4. What is the best definition of a “pure culture”? D) 5
a. a culture that contains only one type of
E) 4
microorganism
10. Thirty-six colonies grew in nutrient agar from
b. a culture that contains only one cellular
1.0 ml of sample withdrawn from a solution
morphology of bacterium (e.g., rods)
c. an agar plate of bacteria that has not been diluted to 10-5 in a standard plate count
contaminated with mold procedure. How many cells were in the original
d. bacterial colonies that are uniform in color sample?
A) 360
5. What is the desired result of the quadrant streak B) 3,600
plate technique? C) 360,000
a. cover the entire surface of the agar with a D) 1,800,000
maximum amount of bacterial growth E) 3,600,000
b. determine the quantity of bacteria in the 11. Thirty-six colonies grew in nutrient agar from
original culture 0.1 ml of sample withdrawn from a solution
c. obtain growth of only Gram positive cocci diluted to 10-3 in a standard plate count
d. obtain well isolated bacterial colonies procedure. How many cells were in the original
6. Most bacteria that cause diseases in humans have
sample?
a temperature optimum of approximately:
A) 360
a. 4C
B) 3,600
b. 22C
C) 360,000
c. 37C
D) 1,800,000
d. 80C
E) 3,600,000
7. What is the best definition of an antibiotic?
a. chemotherapeutic agent that is affective 12. If you start out with a population density of 200
against bacteria, viruses, and fungi CFU/ml of a bacterium that divides every 20
 minutes, what will the population density be at B) is killed by oxygen.
the end of two hours, assuming the cells are in C) uses oxygen when present or grows without
the log phase of growth. oxygen when oxygen is absent.
A) 1200 CFU/ml D) requires less oxygen than is present in air.
B) 26 CFU/ml E) prefers to grow without oxygen.
C) 3200 CFU/ml 18. The term obligate anaerobe refers to an
D) 12800 CFU/ml organism that
E) 2006 CFU/ml A) doesn't use oxygen but tolerates it.
13. A culture of bacteria produces 5 generations in 2 B) is killed by oxygen.
hours. What is the generation time for this C) uses oxygen when present or grows without
bacterium under those conditions. oxygen when oxygen is absent.
A) 15 minutes D) requires less oxygen than is present in air.
B) 24 minutes E) prefers to grow without oxygen.
C) 30 minutes
D) 0.75 hours 19. The term aerotolerant anaerobe refers to an
E) 1 hour organism that
14. An organism is completely dependant on A) doesn't use oxygen but can grow in the
atmospheric O2 for growth. This organism is presence oxygen.
a(n) B) is killed by oxygen.
A) osmotolerant. C) uses oxygen when present or grows without
B) acidophile. oxygen when absent.
C) facultative anaerobe. D) requires less oxygen than is present in air.
D) aerotolerant anaerobe. E) prefers to grow without oxygen.
E) obligate aerobe. 20. A microbiology student noticed that a culture
15. An organism has an optimal growth rate when broth tube was very turbid at the surface but
the hydrogen ion concentration is very high. This clear throughout the rest of the tube. She can
organism is a(n) conclude that the
A) osmotolerant. A) organism are aerobes.
B) acidophile. B) organism should be grown in an anaerobic
C) neutrophile. chamber.
D) aerotolerant anaerobe. C) organism cannot produce superoxide
E) alkalophile. dismutase and/or catalase.
16. An organism that expends energy to grow in a D) organism cannot tolerate oxygen.
habitat with a low water activity in order to E) broth is sterile.
maintain internal solute concentrations to retain 21. A student noticed that a microbial culture broth
water is tube was very turbid at the surface and turbid
A) osmotolerant. throughout the rest of the tube. She/He can
B) acidophile. conclude that the
C) neutrophile. A) broth is sterile.
D) aerotolerant anaerobe. B) organisms cannot tolerate oxygen.
E) alkalophile. C) organisms are aerobes.
17. The term facultative anaerobe refers to an D) organisms should be put in a candle jar.
organism that E) organisms are facultative anaerobes.
A) doesn't use oxygen but tolerates it.
22. If you start out with a population density of 200 d. stop phase
CFU/ml of a bacterium that divides every 20 e. death phase
minutes, what will the population density be at 27. Which of the following could be found growing
the end of two hours, assuming the cells are in on the surface of an agar in a Petri dish?
the log phase of growth. a. obligate anaerobes
A) 1200 CFU/ml b. a facultative anaerobes
B) 26 CFU/ml c. viruses on the surface of the agar
C) 3200 CFU/ml d. barophiles
D) 12800 CFU/ml e. hyperthermophiles
E) 2006 CFU/ml 28. The organism which grows best above 45°C are
23. A bacterial population increases from 100 to called
100,000,000 in 15 hours. What is the generation A. psychrophilic
time of this culture? B. mesosphilic
A) 30 minutes C. thermophilic
B) 45 minutes D. any of these
C) 60 minutes 29. Lag phase is also known as
D) 2 hours A. period of initial adjustment
E) Not enough information to determine the B. transitional period
generation time C. generation time
24. Microorganisms that can be found thriving in D. none of these
icy-cold climates would be considered... 30. Which of the following is used to grow bacterial
cultures continuously?
a. barophiles A. Chemostat
b. thermophiles B. Coulter Counter
c. mesophiles C. Hemostat
d. psychrophiles D. Petroff-Hausser chamber
e. bibliophile 31. The growth is normally expressed as __________ in
25. If you carried out an experiment growing turbidimetric measurement
different types of microorganisms in liquid A. cells per ml
culture, which type of organism would you find B. cfu/ml
grown just a little below the liquid's surface? C. optical density
D. mg N2 /ml
a. obligate aerobes 32. An organism that expends energy to grow in a
b. obligate anaerobes habitat with a low water activity in order to
c. microaerophiles maintain internal solute concentrations to retain
d. aerotolerant bacteria water is
e. psychrophiles A. osmotolerant
26. Which phase in a population growth curve is B. acidophile
associated with no increase or decrease in C. aerotolerant anaerobe
population? D. alkalophile
33. The microorganisms that grow best in a low-
a. lag phase oxygen environment is called a (n)
b. logarithmic phase A. aerobe
c. stationary phase B. anaerobe
 C. facultative
D. microaerophile
34. Aseptic technique refers to carry out a
procedure under controlled conditions in a
manner that will minimize the chance of
contamination.
A. True B. False
35. Barotolerant are organisms that can grow and
reproduce at high pressures but do not require
them.
A. TRUE B. FALSE
36. Lag phase is a period following the introduction
of microorganisms into fresh culture medium
when there is no increase in cell numbers or
mass during batch culture.
A. TRUE B. FALSE
37. Alkalophile is a microorganism that requires
high levels of sodium chloride for growth.
A. TRUE B. FALSE
38. Aerotolerant anaerobes are microorganisms that
grow equally well whether or not oxygen is
present.
A. TRUE B. FALSE
39. Which of the following is the suitable
temperature range for mesophiles?
A. 20-30°C
B. 25-40°C
C. >40°C
D. None of these
40. Growth is defined as an increase in cellular
constituents and may result in an increase in a
microorganism’s size, population number , or
both
A. TRUE B. FALSE
41. Exponential phase of growth curve of bacteria is
of limited duration because of
A. rise in cell density
B. accumulation of toxic metabolites
C. exhaustion of nutrients
D. all of these
42. In the exponential phase, the cells and cell mass
A. first increases then decreases
B. decreases
C. are constant
D. double at a constant rate
43. Quantitative measurement of bacterial growth
can be carried out by measuring
A. cell count
B. cell mass
C. cell activity
D. all of these
44. The generation time of a culture that produces
two generations per hour is
A. greater than that produces three generations
per hour
B. lesser than that produces three generations
per hour
C. equal to that produces three generations per
hour
D. none of the above
45. Microaerophilic bacteria are those which require
A. 21 % oxygen for growth
B. low levels of oxygen for growth (lesser than
O2 present in atmosphere)
C. oxygen for activation of enzymes
D. none of the above
46. The period between inoculation of bacteria in a
culture medium and beginning of multiplication
is known as
A. stationary phase
B. log phase
C. lag phase
D. decline phase
47. During the Lag Phase, bacteria are
a. doubling the number of cells every generation.
b. creating new cells at the same rate as cells
are dying.
c. making proteins, ribosomes, obtaining
nutrients.
d. dying at a faster rate than they are being
produced.
48. During the stationary phase, bacteria are
a. dying at a faster rate than reproduction.
b. doubling in number every generation.
c. reproducing at the same rate as they are
dying.
d. making proteins, ribosomes, and obtaining
nutrients.