Infratemporal Fossa Atf

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Locations & Borders

Infratemporal 2. Blood Supply
3. Nerves
Fossa 4. Muscles
REVIEW OUTLINE
Location & Borders

• Greater wing of sphenoid bone
Infratemporal • Styloid process of temporal bone
• Medial pterygoid muscle
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• Maxilla
• Lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
• Condylar process & ramus of mandible
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Location & Borders Bootcamp.com
Inferior
View
Superior
Superolateral
View
Medial
Anterior
Posterior
Lateral
Inferior border not shown
Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone
Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone
Inferior: medial pterygoid muscle
Anterior: maxilla
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Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone
Anterior wall not shown*

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Anterior: maxilla
Lateral: condylar process & ramus of mandible

Anterior: maxilla
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Knowledge Check Bootcamp.com
Identify the bones that contribute to the borders of the infratemporal (IT) fossa.
Anterior: maxilla
Which muscle provides the inferior

border of the IT fossa?
Identify the bones that contribute to the borders of the infratemporal (IT) fossa.
Anterior: maxilla
Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid AfraTafreeh.com

bone
Which muscle provides the inferior

border of the IT fossa?
Medial pterygoid muscle

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REVIEW OUTLINE
Arteries
• Maxillary a.
Infratemporal
• Middle meningeal a.
• Inferior alveolar a.
• Pterygoid a.
Fossa • Masseteric a.
• Deep temporal a. (anterior & posterior)
• Buccal a.
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3 Parts of the Maxillary Artery

3. Pterygopalatine
1. Mandibular
Lateral pterygoid m.
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2. Pterygoid
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Part 1 – Mandibular
Accessory mm.
Middle meningeal
Anterior tympanic
Deep auricular
Inferior alveolar
“MAAID”
Middle meningeal
Dura mater & calvarium
Accessory middle meningeal
Dura mater &

trigeminal ganglion Middle meningeal a.
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Anterior tympanic
WITHIN ITF
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Inferior alveolar
Mandible & inferior teeth
Mylohyoid
Mylohyoid m.
Accessory middle
Mental meningeal
Muscles & skin of the Middle meningeal

chin
Anterior tympanic
WITHIN ITF
Internal View
Part 2 – Pterygoid
Pterygoid (to lateral pterygoid)
Anterior deep temporal
Posterior deep temporal
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Buccal
Masseteric
Pterygoid (to
medial pterygoid)
“Make Dinner Before Party”

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Pterygoid
Lateral & medial pterygoid m.
Deep temporal
(posterior, anterior)
Temporalis m.
Masseteric
Masseter m.
Buccal
Cheek region, buccinator m.
WITHIN ITF
Artery of the Sphenopalatine

Part 3 – Pterygopalatine pterygoid canal
Infraorbital
Pharyngeal
Descending
palatine
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Posterior
superior
alveolar
“PeppA PIGS”
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Maxillary Artery Deep temporal (posterior)
Deep temporal (anterior)
Superficial temporal
Middle meningeal
Inferior alveolar
Label the following branches of the maxillary artery.
Posterior deep
temporal Anterior deep
temporal
Middle meningeal
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Buccal
Inferior alveolar
Masseteric
Pterygoid
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Label the following branches of the maxillary artery.
Posterior deep
temporal Anterior deep
temporal
Middle meningeal
Buccal
Inferior alveolar
Masseteric
Pterygoid
REVIEW OUTLINE
Nerves
• V3 – Mandibular
• Inferior alveolar n.
• Lingual n.
• Buccal n.
Infratemporal • Auriculotemporal n.
• Deep temporal n. (posterior & anterior)
Fossa • Masseteric
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• Lateral & medial pterygoid n.
• VII – Facial
• Chorda tympani
• Otic ganglia (parasympathetic)
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Nerves Bootcamp.com
V3 – Mandibular Nerve Auriculotemporal

Lateral & medial pterygoid
Buccal
Deep temporal (posterior, anterior)
Masseteric
Lingual
Inferior alveolar
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V3 – Mandibular Nerve
Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
• Sensory: anterior ear, posterior

2/3 temporal region, parotid gland
• Parasympathetic: parotid gland
(from CN IX)
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Otic ganglion
• Parasympathetic to parotid gland

• Pre-ganglionic: lesser
petrosal (CN IX)
• Post-ganglionic:
auriculotemporal (CN V3)
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Nerves Bootcamp.com
V3 – Mandibular Nerve Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
• Sensory: inferior teeth

• N. to mylohyoid
• Mandibular foramen → mental n.
Buccal
• Sensory: skin over cheek
Which nerve provides motor innervation to the

buccinator muscle?
Nerves Bootcamp.com
Lingual
• Sensory: anterior 2/3 of tongue
Via chorda tympani

• Special sensory: taste to anterior
2/3 of tongue
• Parasympathetic: sublingual &
submandibular glands AfraTafreeh.com
Auriculotemporal
Inferior alveolar
Buccal

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Nerves Bootcamp.com
Deep temporal (posterior, anterior)
• Motor: temporalis m.
Masseteric
• Sensory: TMJ
• Motor: masseter m.
• Motor: lateral & medial pterygoid m.
Inferior alveolar
Lingual
Buccal
Nerves Bootcamp.com
Deep temporal (anterior)

Deep temporal (posterior)
Otic ganglion Buccal

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Chorda tympani
Lingual
Nerve to mylohyoid
Inferior alveolar
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Label the following nerves. Which one is a branch of the facial nerve?
Pterygoid nerves Buccal
Auriculotemporal Chorda tympani
Inferior alveolar
Lingual
Nerve to mylohyoid
Label the following nerves. Which one is a branch of the facial nerve?
Pterygoid nerves Buccal
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Auriculotemporal Chorda tympani
Inferior alveolar
Lingual
Nerve to mylohyoid
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REVIEW OUTLINE
Muscles
Infratemporal • Temporalis
• Masseter
Fossa • Lateral pterygoid
• Medial pterygoid
Muscles – Summary of Location & Actions Bootcamp.com
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ELEVATES DEPRESSES PROTRACTS RETRACTS
Temporalis Lateral pterygoid Lateral pterygoid Temporalis
Masseter Masseter
Medial pterygoid Medial pterygoid

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Muscles – Summary of Innervation & Blood Supply Bootcamp.com
V3 – Mandibular n. Maxillary a.
Muscles Bootcamp.com
Temporalis
A: elevates & retracts the mandible
N: deep temporal n. (posterior, anterior)
B: deep temporal a. (posterior, anterior)
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Masseter
A: elevates & protrudes mandible
N: masseteric n.
B: masseteric a.
Lateral pterygoid Medial pterygoid
A: unilateral contraction → medially rotates mandible

contralaterally (side to side grinding movements)
bilateral contraction → protrudes & depresses mandible,

protrudes & elevates mandible
N: lateral or medial pterygoid n. AfraTafreeh.com

B: pterygoid a.
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Temporalis
Masseter
Lateral pterygoid
Medial pterygoid
Label the 4 muscles of mastication. Which main artery and nerve are responsible for
supplying/innervating these muscles?
Maxillary artery & mandibular nerve (V3)

Lateral pterygoid
Temporalis
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Medial
pterygoid
Masseter
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Label the 4 muscles of mastication. Which main artery and nerve are responsible for
supplying/innervating these muscles?
Maxillary artery & mandibular nerve (V3)

Lateral pterygoid
Temporalis
Medial
pterygoid
Masseter
Which of the following muscles are responsible for depressing the mandible?
a. Temporalis
b. Masseter
c. Lateral pterygoid
d. Medial pterygoid
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Which of the following muscles are responsible for retracting the mandible?
a. Temporalis
b. Masseter
d. Medial pterygoid
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Which of the following muscles are responsible for depressing the mandible?
a. Temporalis
b. Masseter
d. Medial pterygoid
Which of the following muscles are responsible for retracting the mandible?
a. Temporalis
b. Masseter
d. Medial pterygoid
References Bootcamp.com
Slide 2
• Superolateral view: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sphenoid_bone_and_zygomatic_bone_-
_lateral_view2.png">Anatomography</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en">CC BY-SA 2.1 JP</a>, via Wikimedia
Commons
• Inferior view: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skull_human_and_cervical_spine.svg">Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
• Lateral view: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skull_human_and_cervical_spine.svg">Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator</a>, <a
Slide 3
• ITF bones: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray189.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Cube: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray189.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4 AfraTafreeh.com
• Skull: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Morris%27_human_anatomy_(1898)_-_Fig_079.png">w:en:Sir Henry Morris, 1st Baronet (1844
– 1926)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Cube: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray189.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5
• Superolateral view: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sphenoid_bone_and_zygomatic_bone_-
_lateral_view2.png">Anatomography</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en">CC
BY-SA 2.1 JP</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
• Cube: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray189.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via
Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6 & 7
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skull_human_and_cervical_spine.svg">Patrick J.
Lynch, medical illustrator</a>, <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5">CC BY 2.5</a>,
via Wikimedia Commons
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Slide 2
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maxillary_artery_branches.png">Mikael Häggström</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4
• Auriculotemporal: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Maxillary artery: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maxillary_artery_branches.png">Mikael Häggström</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Internal skull: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skull_interior_anatomy.svg">Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator</a>, <a
• Middle meningeal artery: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Artery_of_Qureshi_(Figure_1).jpg">Ahmerasif</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0">CC BY-SA 4.0</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5
• Mandible: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spalteholz%27s_Hand-Atlas_of_Human_Anatomy_(1906)_-_Vol_1_-_Fig_046.png">w:en:Werner
Spalteholz (1861 – 1940)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Skull: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Skull_human_anterior_view.svg">Patrick J. Lynch, medical illustrator</a>, <a
Slide 7
• Mandible: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spalteholz%27s_Hand-Atlas_of_Human_Anatomy_(1906)_-_Vol_1_-_Fig_046.png">w:en:Werner
Spalteholz (1861 – 1940)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 9-11
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spalteholz%27s_Hand-Atlas_of_Human_Anatomy_(1906)_-_Vol_1_-_Fig_046.png">
w:en:Werner Spalteholz (1861 – 1940)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 2
• Mandibular nerve (superficial): <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray781.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Mandibular nerve (deep): <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Mandibular nerve diagram: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grant_1962_654.png">Grant, John Charles Boileu</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 3
• Otic ganglion: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray782_updated.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4
• Mandible: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Spalteholz%27s_Hand-Atlas_of_Human_Anatomy_(1906)_-_Vol_1_-_Fig_046.png">w:en:Werner Spalteholz (1861
– 1940)</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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Slide 5
Slide 6
Slide 7
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8 & 9
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
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Slide 2
• Muscle attachments: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Grant_1962_654b.png">Grant, John Charles Boileu</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia
Commons
• Muscles: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1108_Muscle_that_Move_the_Lower_Jaw.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a
Slide 3
• Mandibular nerve: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 4
• Temporalis: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Temporal_muscle_-_lateral_view.png">Anatomography</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en">CC BY-SA 2.1 JP</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
• Nerves: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray781.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Arteries: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maxillary_artery_branches.png">Mikael Häggström</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 5
• Masseter: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Masseter_muscle_-_lateral_view.png">Anatomography</a>, <a
href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.1/jp/deed.en">CC BY-SA 2.1 JP</a>, via Wikimedia Commons
• Nerves: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray781.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Arteries: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maxillary_artery_branches.png">Mikael Häggström</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
Slide 6
• Lateral & medial pterygoid: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray_%E2%80%94_musculus_pterygoideus_lateralis.png">
Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons
• Nerves: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Gray778.png">Henry Vandyke Carter</a>, Public domain, via Wikimedia
Commons
• Arteries: <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Maxillary_artery_branches.png">Mikael Häggström</a>, Public domain, via
Wikimedia Commons
Slide 8 & 9
• <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1108_Muscle_that_Move_the_Lower_Jaw.jpg">OpenStax</a>, <a

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1. Locations & Borders

Location & Borders

Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone

Inferior: medial pterygoid muscle

Anterior wall not shown*

Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone

Inferior: medial pterygoid muscle

Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Lateral: condylar process & ramus of mandible

Anterior wall not shown*

Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone

Inferior: medial pterygoid muscle

Lateral: condylar process & ramus of mandible

Anterior wall not shown*

Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone

Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Lateral: condylar process & ramus of mandible

Which muscle provides the inferior

Superior: greater wing of sphenoid bone

Posterior: styloid process of temporal bone

Medial: lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid AfraTafreeh.com

Lateral: condylar process & ramus of mandible

Which muscle provides the inferior

Medial pterygoid muscle

3 Parts of the Maxillary Artery

Dura mater & calvarium

Accessory middle meningeal

Dura mater &

Mandible & inferior teeth

Muscles & skin of the Middle meningeal

Posterior deep temporal

“Make Dinner Before Party”

Lateral & medial pterygoid m.

Cheek region, buccinator m.

Artery of the Sphenopalatine

Maxillary Artery Deep temporal (posterior)

Deep temporal (anterior)

Label the following branches of the maxillary artery.

Label the following branches of the maxillary artery.

V3 – Mandibular Nerve Auriculotemporal

• Sensory: anterior ear, posterior

• Parasympathetic to parotid gland

V3 – Mandibular Nerve Auriculotemporal

• Sensory: inferior teeth

• Sensory: skin over cheek

Which nerve provides motor innervation to the

• Sensory: anterior 2/3 of tongue

Via chorda tympani

Lateral & medial pterygoid

Deep temporal (posterior, anterior)

Lateral & medial pterygoid

• Motor: lateral & medial pterygoid m.

Deep temporal (anterior)

Otic ganglion Buccal

Pterygoid nerves Buccal

Auriculotemporal Chorda tympani

Pterygoid nerves Buccal

ELEVATES DEPRESSES PROTRACTS RETRACTS

Temporalis Lateral pterygoid Lateral pterygoid Temporalis