PE POINTERS TO REVIEW

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, helps people to become physically fit and maintain a healthy living.
PHYSICAL INACTIVITY Increased weight gain has led to obesity, development of heart diseases,
diabetes and certain types of cancers.
FITT- Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type

Exercise refers to physical activity that is planned, structured, and repetitive, with the goal of
improving or maintaining physical fitness. It is often performed to enhance strength, endurance,
flexibility, and overall health. Regular exercise is an important part of a healthy lifestyle and can help
prevent chronic diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer.

RICE stands for:

Rest and protect the injured or sore area.
Ice or a cold pack used as soon as possible.
Compression, or wrapping the injured or sore area with an elastic bandage.
Elevation (propping up) the injured or sore area.

Some of the examples of physical activities include walking to and from work, taking the stairs instead
of elevators, gardening, doing household chores, dancing and washing the car by hand.

Sample scenario:
John has a 220 MRH, the maximal heart rate of an individual.

Vigorous physical activities are those that require a high level of effort and significantly increase your
heart rate. Here are some examples:

1. Running or jogging at a fast pace (6 mph or faster)

2. Swimming laps at a fast pace
3. Cycling at a high intensity (15 mph or faster)
4. High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
5. Aerobic dancing at a fast pace
6. Jumping rope
7. Playing singles tennis
8. Hiking uphill or with a heavy backpack
9. Cross-country skiing
10. Martial arts such as karate or kickboxing

Media and Technology and its relation to fitness and health

Media and technology have transformed the landscape of fitness and health, offering innovative
solutions to improve overall well-being. Through platforms like social media, individuals can access a
wealth of information, tips, and motivational content to inspire healthier lifestyles. Wearable devices
and fitness apps enable users to track their physical activity, monitor vital signs, and set personalized
fitness goals. Virtual fitness classes and online communities provide opportunities for remote
engagement and support, making fitness more accessible to diverse populations. Telemedicine and
digital health platforms offer remote consultations and monitoring, enhancing healthcare
accessibility and convenience. Gamification and interactive features in fitness apps motivate users to
stay active and maintain healthy habits. Despite these benefits, there are concerns about the potential
negative impacts of excessive screen time and misinformation in media and technology on
individuals' health behaviors. As technology continues to advance, it will be crucial to balance its
benefits with mindful use for optimal health outcomes.

CHEERDANCE
This is rooted from cheerleading which consists of cheers and yells, gymnastics skills and dance.

CHEERING/ TO CHEER it is to shout out words or phrases that may help motivate and boost the
team’s morale when performing

CLASP,CLAP, TABLETOP, LUNGE are examples of hand movements and positions in cheerdance.
Jumps, pyramids and tumbling are some of the stunts that are usually performed in cheerdance.
Cheerdancing can also help a person to be physically well in a sense of protecting a person from
chronic diseases, and when performing cheerdancing we have to be very careful and provide the
utmost care. Cheerdancing provides a connection to the community in which it can build teamwork
and strong relationships and also a sense of belongingness.

To avoid injuries when dancing, it's important to take some precautions and follow best practices.
Here are some tips:

Warm-Up:
Always warm up before dancing to prepare your muscles and joints for physical activity. This
can include dynamic stretches and light cardio exercises.
Proper Technique:
Ensure you're using proper technique for each dance move. Improper technique can strain
muscles and joints, leading to injuries.
Wear Proper Footwear:
Wear appropriate footwear for the type of dance you're doing. This can provide support and
cushioning to reduce the risk of injuries.
Listen to Your Body:
Pay attention to any discomfort or pain. If something doesn't feel right, stop and rest. Pushing
through pain can lead to more serious injuries.
Stay Hydrated: Drink plenty of water before, during, and after dancing to stay hydrated and
prevent cramps.
Rest and Recovery:
Give your body time to rest and recover between dance sessions. This allows muscles to
repair and reduces the risk of overuse injuries.
Cross-Train: Incorporate cross-training activities into your routine to strengthen different
muscle groups and prevent overuse injuries.
 Use Proper Flooring:
Make sure the dance floor is appropriate for the type of dance you're doing. For example, use
sprung floors for styles that involve jumping to reduce impact on joints.
Cool Down:
After dancing, cool down with stretches to help prevent muscle soreness and stiffness.
Seek Professional Guidance:
If you're new to dancing or trying a new style, consider taking classes from a qualified
instructor to learn proper technique and reduce the risk of injuries.

Sprain:
A sprain is an injury to a ligament, which is the tissue that connects bones to each other at a
joint. Sprains typically occur when a joint is forced into an unnatural position, stretching or
tearing the ligament. Common areas for sprains include the ankles, knees, and
wrists.Symptoms of a sprain may include pain, swelling, bruising, and difficulty moving the
affected joint. Treatment often includes rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE), as well as
immobilization with a brace or splint in more severe cases. Physical therapy may be
recommended to help restore strength and flexibility.
Strain:
A strain is an injury to a muscle or tendon, which is the tissue that connects muscles to bones.
Strains can occur from overstretching or overloading the muscle, leading to tears in the
muscle fibers. Common areas for strains include the lower back, hamstrings, and
shoulders.Symptoms of a strain may include pain, swelling, muscle spasms, and limited range
of motion. Treatment for strains is similar to sprains and often involves rest, ice, compression,
and elevation. Physical therapy may also be recommended to aid in recovery and prevent
future strains.

If a bone breaks, it's called a fracture.

If a bone has been knocked out of its normal position, it's called a dislocation.

HEALTH 10 POINTERS TO REVIEW

HEALTH CAREER PATHWAYS

- Career pathways are clusters occupations that are grouped because of shared skills

Why Do You Need to Understand Health Career Pathways?

- Makes it easier for you to identify health career professions

- Assists you in choosing a health career

- Helps you develop a plan on how to prepare for your chosen health career
What are examples of health career pathways?

1. Disease Prevention and Control

People who specialize in this career path focus on communicable and non-communicable diseases.
Their work includes immunization, screening of newborns, promotion of breastfeeding, infant
diseases prevention, adolescent healthcare, and life skills.

2. Personal Healthcare

Professionals in this field perform healthcare related tasks in a personal care level. These include
monitoring patients; administering and assisting in personal care and hygiene; performing
housekeeping duties; and advising clients on related healthcare issues like infant care, hygiene and
nutrition.

3. Maternal and Child Care

These health workers deal with complex public health issues that affect women, children and their
families. These include providing information on reproductive health, family planning, healthcare of
pregnant women and their children, and improvement of health delivery system through advocacy,
education and research.

4. Mental HealthCare

These medical professionals specialize in dealing with interpersonal and intrapersonal relationships
and life skills. These include cognitive and psychosocial development, promotion of healthy self-
esteem through feelings and anger management and identifying warning signs or red flags of learning
disorders, such as ADHD, anxiety, mood disorders, stress, and bullying.

5. Community Healthcare

Specialists in this area focus on the maintenance, protection, and improvement of the health of all
community members.

6. Environmental Healthcare Management

These health workers try to establish the correlation between and among the physical, chemical,
biological, social, and psychosocial factors in the surrounding environment. These include monitoring
the quality of environment and impact of human activities on ecosystems, and developing strategies
for restoring ecosystems.

7. Drug Prevention and Control

People whose careers revolve around this area seek to reduce community and individual problems
related to alcohol and drug abuse through evidence-based programs and policy advocacy.

8. Nutrition

Specialists in this area find ways to balance individuals' food and nutrition and their impact on
patients' health. These include meal planning. food preparation and economics.

9. Health Education

Those who work in this field are tasked with promotion of healthcare and training of health workers on
managing change in healthcare. Their work involves assessing individual and community needs,
planning, implementing and evaluating health programs, promoting the understanding of various
health-related bahaviors plus coordinating health education services.

10. Dental Health

Dental health workers deal with various oral conditions which include chronic mouth and facial pain,
oral sores, periodontal (gum) disease, tooth decay and tooth loss, other diseases and disorders that
affect the oral cavity, and risk factors for oral diseases which include unhealthy diet, tobacco use,
harmful alcohol use, and poor oral hygiene.

11. Occupational Safety

Careers in this path are related to the safety, health and welfare of people engaged in work or
employment. These include protecting workers from sickness, disease, and injury arising from
possible hazards of their employment and workplace.

12. Emergency Medical Services

People assigned in this work specialize in out-of-hospital medical care. Their skills include first-aid
procedures, emergency medical treatment and transport of patients, rapid emergency medical
response and immediate medical attention.

MEDICAL AND ALLIED HEALTH PROFESSION

The medical profession is a group of individuals qualified to practice medicine. Allied health
professions, on the other hand, are lines of work that still deal with healthcare, but are distinct from
medicine.

Who are the medical and allied health professionals?

Allied health professionals are healthcare practitioners with formal education and clinical training
credentials through certification, registration and/or licensure.
They collaborate with physicians and other members of the healthcare team to deliver high quality
patient care services for the identification, prevention, and treatment of diseases. disabilities, and
disorders.

These professions may be categorized into either technicians or Therapists/Technologists.

Technicians are those who undergo training to perform specific procedures. They are required
to work under the supervision of technologists or therapists. This category includes physical therapy
assistants, medical laboratory technicians, radiological technicians, occupational therapy assistants,
recreation therapy assistants and respiratory therapy technicians.

Therapists or technologists have more intensive training, which includes acquiring procedural
skills. They evaluate patients, diagnose conditions, develop treatment plans, and understand the
rationale behind various treatments in order to judge their appropriateness and potential side effects.
They also assess patients' responses to therapy and make appropriate decisions about continued
treatment or modification of treatment plans. Furthermore, they are licensed to perform these tasks.

Health Care Provider- a person who helps identify, prevent, or treat an illness or disability

Health Care Practitioner/ Provider an independent healthcare provider who is licensed to practice
on and provide general and/or specialized care to a specific area of the body."

Allied Health Professionals- a trained healthcare provider practicing under supervision of a

physician or healthcare practitioner. They include pharmacists, dental hygienists, physical therapists
and nurses.

Allied health professionals provide services and engage in activities which include:

a. prevention-keep illness or injury from happening

b. assessment/evaluation appraisal of the condition based on the patient's subjective report

c. identification/diagnosis analysis based on signs, symptoms, and

laboratory findings

d. treatment management and care of a patient or the combating of disease or disorder

e. rehabilitation/habilitation - treatment designed to recover from injury. illness, or disease towards a

normal condition as possible

f. advocacy a method by which patients, their families, attorneys, health professionals, and citizens'
groups can work together to develop programs that ensure the availability of high-quality healthcare
for a community
g. promotion of health and well-being - the process of enabling people to increase control over their
health and its determinants, and thereby improving their health

h. education - the process of sharing and gaining knowledge

What are the allied health professions that we presently have in the Philippines?

1. Audiologist-identifies and rehabilitates hearing impairments and related disorders

2. Chiropractor diagnoses and treats neuromuscular disorders, with emphasis on treatment through
manual adjustment and/or manipulation of the spine.

3. Clinical psychologist assesses, diagnoses, treats and helps prevent mental disorders

4. Dietitian Nutritionist - promotes good health through proper diet and treatment of diseases

5. Emergency Medical Technician - also known as ambulance technician; responds quickly to any
emergency and life-threatening situation to immediately treat serious injuries, physical or mental
trauma to increase a patient's chances of survival

6. Guidance Counselor assists students with personal, family, education, and career decisions and
concerns; also helps them develop job-finding skills and other life skills needed to prevent and deal
with problems

7. Health Educator specializes in health education and promotes the development of health
knowledge, life skills, and positive attitudes toward the health and well-being of students

8. Massage Therapist performs the scientific manipulation of the soft tissues of the body for the
purpose of normalizing those tissues; uses manual techniques that include applying fixed or movable
pressure on affected parts of the body

9. Medical assistant-performs, under the direction of a physician, various routine administrative and
nontechnical clinical tasks in hospitals, clinics, and other similar facilities

10. Medical technologist performs a variety of tasks on body fluids, from simple blood tests to more
complex tests to uncover abnormalities in the body, and underlying causes of illnesses, such as
HIV/AIDS, diabetes, and cancer which are not easily detected through physical examination 11.
Midwife professionals with the expertise and skills in helping women maintain healthy pregnancies,
assist in or perform childbirth delivery, and help in women's recovery process through the postpartum
period
12. Nurse trained to provide care for people who are sick or injured; monitors patients' health and
records symptoms, assists physicians during examinations and treatment, and administers
medications.

13. Occupational therapist uses purposeful activity and interventions to maximize the independence
and health of any client who is limited by physical injury or illness, cognitive impairment, psychosocial
dysfunction, mental illness, or learning disability

14. Orthotist/Prosthetist-makes and fits prosthetics or artificial parts for the human body

15. Paramedic gives emergency medical treatment or assists medical professionals in emergency
situations

16. Pharmacist - prepares and dispenses medication prescribed by licensed health professionals;
also provides information to patients regarding drugs, and consults with healthcare professionals on
advances in drugs or medicine

17. Radiologic Technologist Radiographer healthcare professionals who perform imaging

procedures, such as x-ray examinations, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans and Computed
Tomography (CT) scans (health careers.org)

18. Physical Therapist-examines, evaluates, and treats physical impairments through use of special
exercise, application of heat or cold, and other physical modalities

19. Speech Language Pathologist diagnoses and treats patients with functional and organic speech
defects and disorders

20. Phlebotomist-professionals with special training in phlebotomy or drawing blood from patients

21. Radiation therapist administers radiation therapy services to patients and observes patients
during treatment, other duties may include tumor localization, patient follow-up, patient education, and
record keeping

22. Respiratory therapist specializes in the promotion of optimum cardiopulmonary function and
health; regularly deals with various chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and emphysema

23. Social Worker-investigates, treats, and gives aid to people with social problems and helps
people with mental illness, serious health conditions, financial difficulties, substance abuse problems,
domestic or child abuse, unwanted pregnancy and other social problems

There are also allied medical professions whose specialized training is available in other countries.

1. Cardiovascular technologist-uses imaging technology to help physicians diagnose patients with

cardiac (heart) and peripheral vascular (blood vessel) ailments
2. Clinical officer performs general medical duties such as the diagnosis and treatment of disease
and injury, recommendation and interpretation of medical tests, performance of routine medical and
surgical procedures, and referral of patients to other practitioners

3. Dental hygienist-specializes in the removal of calcaneous deposits and stains from patients' and
provides additional services and information on prevention of oral diseases

4. Diagnostic medical sonographist uses ultrasonic imaging devices to produce diagnostic images,
scans, videos, or 3D volumes of patients' anatomy

5. Kinesiotherapist develops and monitors exercise programs to help people regain muscle strength
and function lost due to injury or disease

6. Neurophysiologist specializes in the diagnosis of conditions affecting the nervous system such as
neuromuscular diseases, epilepsy, and nerve entrapments

7. Medical dosimetrist designs treatment plans for patients by means of computer and/or manual
computation to determine a treatment field technique that will deliver the prescribed radiation dose
while taking into consideration the dose-limiting structures

8. Medical radiation scientist-performs complex diagnostic imaging studies on patients and plans
and administers radiation treatments

9. Music therapist - uses music within a therapeutic relationship to address a client's needs, such as
facilitating movement and physical rehabilitation, motivating the client to cope with treatment,
providing emotional support, such as an outlet for expressing their feelings through music

10. Nuclear medicine technologist performs imaging procedures using radioactive drugs and
materials to make diagnostic evaluations of the anatomic or physiologic conditions of the patient's
body, and facilitates therapy with the use of unsealed radioactive sources

11. Orthoptist-investigates, diagnoses and treats defects of binocular vision and abnormalities
related to eye movement; involves seeing patients of all ages from infants to the elderly

12. Pedorthist are foot orthotic and orthopedic footwear experts trained in the assessment of lower
limb anatomy and muscle and joint function

13. Perfusionist - assists in performing procedures that involve extracorporeal circulation, such as
during open-heart surgery or hypothermia

14. Surgical technologist a member of the surgical team who serves as a scrub technician or as a
circulator