A3

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Basic Concepts:

Points, lines, planes, and space.


Basic shapes: triangles, quadrilaterals, polygons, circles.
Congruence and similarity of shapes.
Euclidean Geometry:

Properties of triangles (sum of angles, triangle inequality).


Properties of quadrilaterals (parallelograms, trapezoids, etc.).
Circles (circle theorems, chords, tangents, secants).
Transformations:

Translations, reflections, rotations.


Dilations and similarity transformations.
Coordinate Geometry:

Cartesian coordinates and the coordinate plane.


Distance and midpoint formulas.
Equations of lines (slope-intercept form, point-slope form, standard form).
Parallel and perpendicular lines.
Three-Dimensional Geometry:

Properties of 3D shapes (prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres).


Surface area and volume of solids.
Cross-sections of 3D shapes.
Geometric Proofs:

Types of proofs (direct proofs, proofs by contradiction, etc.).


Geometric constructions (bisecting angles, constructing perpendiculars, etc.).
Non-Euclidean Geometry (if covered):

Concepts and principles of spherical geometry and hyperbolic geometry.

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