SURFACE J648

REAF.
APR93
VEHICLE
400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001
RECOMMENDED Issued 1957-01
PRACTICE Reaffirmed 1993-04

Superseding J648 JUL88

An American National Standard

AUTOMATIC TRANSMISSION HYDRAULIC CONTROL SYSTEMS—TERMINOLOGY

Foreword—This Document has not changed other than to put it into the new SAE Technical Standards Board
Format.

1. Scope—The following is a list of the most common terminology used in describing hydraulic control systems.

The hydraulic control system of an automatic transmission may include oil pumps, pressure regulator,
governor, and control valves.

2. References

2.1 Applicable Publication—The following publication forms a part of this specification to the extent specified
herein. The latest issue of SAE publications shall apply.

2.1.1 SAE PUBLICATION—Available from SAE, 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.

"Design Practices - Passenger Car Automatic Transmissions," SAE Advances in Engineering, Vol. 2

3. Definitions

3.1 Pump—A device which provides fluid pressure to the transmission.

3.2 Pressure Regulator Valve—A device which regulates a pressure in the hydraulic control system.

3.3 Manual or Selector Valve—A valve through which the desired driving range is selected.

3.4 Shift Valve—A valve which brings about a ratio change when acted upon by control forces.

3.5 Line Pressure—The primary pressure of a hydraulic control system.

3.6 Modulated Pressure—Any controlled variable pressure.

3.7 Throttle Pressure—A pressure which varies in relation to throttle opening.

3.8 Governor Pressure—A pressure which varies in relation to speed, usually that of the transmission output
shaft.

SAE Technical Standards Board Rules provide that: “This report is published by SAE to advance the state of technical and engineering sciences. The use of this report is entirely
voluntary, and its applicability and suitability for any particular use, including any patent infringement arising therefrom, is the sole responsibility of the user.”

SAE reviews each technical report at least every five years at which time it may be reaffirmed, revised, or cancelled. SAE invites your written comments and suggestions.

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Copyright 1993 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc.

All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.
 SAE J648 Reaffirmed APR93

3.9 Compensator Pressure—A modulated pressure which is varied to modify engagement characteristics of ratio
changing elements.

3.10 Hydrodynamic Unit Charge and Discharge Pressure—The externally applied pressures under which the
hydrodynamic unit operates.

3.11 Vacuum Modulator Pressure—A pressure which varies in relation to engine vacuum and is used as an
engine torque signal.

3.12 Wide-Open Throttle Kickdown Valve—A valve which produces an automatic forced upshift or downshift at
the maximum throttle opening position and which may be activated either mechanically or electrically.

Further detailed information on hydraulic control systems used in automatic transmissions can be found in
Section 1 of "Design Practices—Passenger Car Automatic Transmissions," SAE Advances in Engineering, Vol.
2.

PREPARED BY THE SAE ELECTRONIC AND HYDRAULIC CONTROL STANDARDS COMMITTEE

-2-
 SAE J648 Reaffirmed APR93

Rationale—Not applicable.

Relationship of SAE Standard to ISO Standard—Not applicable.

Application—The following is a list of the most common terminology used in describing hydraulic control
systems.

The hydraulic control system of an automatic transmission may include oil pumps, pressure regulator,
governor, and control valves.

Reference Section

"Design Practices - Passenger Car Automatic Transmissions," SAE Advances in Engineering, Vol. 2

Developed by the SAE Electronic and Hydraulic Control Standards Committee