ZERO CONDITIONAL

if clause (condition) main clause ( result)

PRESENT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE

If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

IF / when CONDITION COMMA result

 ZERO CONDITIONAL
USAGE
THINGS THAT ARE:
always true
If you squeeze an orange, juice comes out.

scientifically true
When you heat ice, it melts and turns into water.

true for the speaker

If I drink coffee in the evening, I have trouble sleeping.
 ZERO CONDITIONAL
AFFIRMATIVE
If + present simple + main clause + present simple
If the sun shines, flowers bloom.

NEGATIVE
if + present simple + does / do not + root verb
If you don't study for the test, you get a bad grade.

QUESTION
if + present simple + does / do + subject + root verb?
If you leave food outside, does it spoil?
 ZERO CONDITIONAL
The order of the clause can be reversed

CONDITION result

If you stand in the rain, you get wet.

COMMA

result CONDITION

You get wet if you stand in the rain.

NO COMMA
 ZERO CONDITIONAL
CONDITION result

If you mix red and blue, you get purple.

If Jack eats meat, he feels sick.
If you touch fire, you get burned.

If I exercise hard, I get tired.

If I don't do my homework, my mum gets angry.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL
if clause (condition) main clause ( result)

FUTURE SIMPLE
PRESENT SIMPLE
WILL / WON'T

If it rains tomorrow, I will take my umbrella.

IF / when CONDITION COMMA result

 FIRST CONDITIONAL
USAGE

future possibilities
If she studies hard, she might get a scholarship.

predicting a likely result

If they work hard, they will achieve their goals.

warnings or threaths
If you touch a hot stove, you will get burned.
 FIRST CONDITIONAL
AFFIRMATIVE
If + present simple + WILL / WON'T + VERB
If it snows tomorrow, we will build a snowman.

NEGATIVE
if + present simple + does / do not + WILL / WON'T + VERB
If she doesn't hurry, she will miss the train.

QUESTION
WILL + INFINITIVE VERB CLAUSE + IF CLAUSE
Will you come to the party if I invite you?
 FIRST CONDITIONAL
The order of the clause can be reversed

CONDITION result

If I win the lottery, I will buy a new car.

COMMA

result CONDITION

I will buy a new car if I win the lottery

NO COMMA
 FIRST CONDITIONAL
CONDITION result

If you work hard, you will succeed.

If it rains, we will stay indoors and watch a movie.

If she doesn't hurry, she will miss the train.

If he doesn't eat breakfast, he will feel hungry later.
If I finish my work early, I will go to the cinema.