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DYNAMICS OF STRUCTURES
WITH
MATLAB® APPLICATIONS

Ashok K. Jain
Professor of Civil Engineering
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
Roorkee
Copyright © 2017 Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd

Published by Pearson India Education Services Pvt. Ltd, CIN: U72200TN2005PTC057128,

formerly known as TutorVista Global Pvt. Ltd, licensee of Pearson Education in South Asia.

No part of this eBook may be used or reproduced in any manner whatsoever without the
publisher’s prior written consent.

This eBook may or may not include all assets that were part of the print version. The publisher
reserves the right to remove any material in this eBook at any time.

ISBN 978-93-325-5855-7
eISBN 978-93-325-782 6-5

Head Office: A-8 (A), 7th Floor, Knowledge Boulevard, Sector 62, Noida 201 309,
Uttar Pradesh, India.
Registered Office: 4th Floor, Software Block, Elnet Software City, TS 140, Block 2 & 9,
Rajiv Gandhi Salai, Taramani, Chennai 600 113, Tamil Nadu, India.
Fax: 080-30461003, Phone: 080-30461060
www.pearson.co.in, Email: companysecretary.india@pearson.com
 Dedicated to
my grandchildren, Dhruv and Samyukta, who made me
understand energy dissipation mechanisms
in live dynamic systems
This page is intentionally left blank
 Brief Contents

Prefacexv
About the Author xix

Part 1 Single degree of Freedom Systems1

Chapter 1 Introduction to Structural Dynamics 3

Chapter 2 Single Degree of Freedom System: Free Vibrations 33
Chapter 3 Single Degree of Freedom System: Harmonic Loading 63
Chapter 4 Single Degree of Freedom System: Periodic Loading 91
Chapter 5 Single Degree of Freedom System: Impulse Loading 129
Chapter 6 Single Degree of Freedom System: Machine Vibrations 161
Chapter 7 Direct Integration of Equation of Motion 185
Chapter 8 Elastic Response Spectra 217

Part 2 Multi-degree of Freedom Systems 261

Chapter 9 Two-degree of Freedom Systems 263

Chapter 10 Multi-degree of Freedom Systems 305
Chapter 11 Systems with Distributed Mass and Elasticity 363

Part 3 Application to Earthquake Engineering387

Chapter 12 Analysis of Buildings for Earthquake Force 389

Chapter 13 Nonlinear Analysis of Structures 447
Chapter 14 Performance-based Seismic Design of Structures 519
vi    Brief Contents

Part 4 Wind Load 575

Chapter 15 Wind Load 577

Appendix 1 Measuring Earthquakes: Magnitude and Intensity 615
Appendix 2 MATLAB Basics 621
Answers to Selected Problems 637
Index645
 Contents

Prefacexv
About the Author xix

Part 1 Single degree of Freedom Systems1

Chapter 1 Introduction to Structural Dynamics 3

1.1 Introduction 3
1.1.1 Why Dynamic Analysis? 6
1.2 Physical and Mathematical Modelling 8
1.3 Discrete and Continuum Modelling 11
1.4 Laws of Equilibrium 15
1.4.1 Newton’s Law of Motion 15
1.4.2 D’Alembert’s Principle 17
1.4.3 Principle of Virtual Displacement 17
1.5 Types of Dynamic Loading 18
1.6 Solution of Equation of Motion 19
1.7 Illustrative Examples 20
Problems29

Chapter 2 Single Degree of Freedom System: Free Vibrations 33

2.1 Introduction 33
2.2 Single Degree of Freedom System (SDOF) 34
2.2.1 Undamped Free Vibrations 35
2.2.2 Damped Free Vibrations 36
2.3 MATLAB Applications 40
2.4 Illustrative Examples 46
2.5 Viscous Damping 52
2.6 Coulomb Damping 54
Problems59
viii    Contents

Chapter 3 Single Degree of Freedom System: Harmonic Loading 63

3.1 Introduction 63
3.2 Undamped Forced Vibrations 63
3.3 Damped Forced Vibrations 65
3.3.1 Dynamic Magnification Factor 69
3.4 MATLAB Applications 70
3.5 Resonant Response 74
3.6 Measurement of Viscous Damping 77
3.6.1 Resonant Amplification Method 78
3.6.2 Half Power (Bandwidth) Method 78
3.6.3 Energy Loss per Cycle: Resonant Testing Method 79
3.7 Measurement of Coulomb Damping 83
3.8 Illustrative Examples 84
Problems88

Chapter 4 Single Degree of Freedom System: Periodic Loading 91

4.1 Introduction 91
4.2 Fourier Series  92
4.3 Undamped System 93
4.4 Damped System  93
4.5 Exponential form of Fourier Series Solution 94
4.6 Frequency Domain Analysis  96
4.7 Illustrative Examples 98
4.8 MATLAB Applications 107
4.9 Human-induced Vibrations in Structures 114
4.9.1 Forces While Walking and Running 114
4.9.2 Vibration Modes of a Bridge Deck 115
4.9.3 Fourier Representation of Running Load 116
4.9.4 Fourier Representation of Walking Load 120
4.10 Codal Provisions for Human Induced Vibrations 120
4.10.1 Natural Frequency of Steel Framed Floor System 120
4.10.2 IS : 800 – 2007 Code Provisions 121
4.10.3 ISO 2631 – 1997 Provisions 121
4.10.4 ISO 10137 2007 Provisions 122
4.10.5 Eurocode Provisions 122
Problems126
References128

Chapter 5 Single Degree of Freedom System: Impulse Loading 129

5.1 Introduction 129
5.2 Duhamel Integral 129
5.3 Undamped System 130
 Contents    ix

5.4 Damped System  131

5.5 Shock Spectra 132
5.6 Illustrative Examples 132
Problems157
References159

Chapter 6 Single Degree of Freedom System: Machine Vibrations 161

6.1 Introduction 161
6.2 Vibration Isolation Due to Base Excitation 163
6.2.1 Isolation of Ground Acceleration  166
6.3 Vibration Isolation Due to Rotating Unbalance 166
6.4 Application to Earthquake Engineering 170
6.5 I.S. Code on Machine Foundations 170
6.5.1 General Requirements 173
6.6 Illustrative Examples 175
Problems183
References184
Further Reading 184

Chapter 7 Direct Integration of Equation of Motion 185

7.1 Introduction 185
7.2 Algorithms 186
7.3 Constant Acceleration Method 187
7.4 Central Difference Method 189
7.5 Incremental Equation of Motion 195
7.6 Linear Acceleration Method 196
7.6.1 Selection of the Time Increment h199
7.7 Newmark b Method 202
7.7.1 Stability of the Newmark Method 205
7.7.2 Newmark Method in Incremental Form 205
7.8 Wilson q Method 212
7.9 Nonlinear Problems 214
Problems215

Chapter 8 Elastic Response Spectra 217

8.1 Introduction 217
8.2 Mathematical Background 221
8.3 Elastic Response Spectra 222
8.3.1 Displacement Response Spectra 222
8.3.2 Velocity Response Spectra 223
8.3.3 Acceleration Response Spectra 224
8.4 Fourier Amplitude Spectra 232
x    Contents

8.5 Design Response Spectra 234

8.6 Housner’s Average Spectra 236
8.7 Tripartite Graph 238
8.7.1 MATLAB Code 242
8.8 Elastic Design Tripartite Spectra 249
8.9 Indian Code:1893 Part 1-2002 253
8.9.1 Eurocode: EC8-part 1-2004 255
8.9.2 Design Spectrum 257
Problems258
References258

Part 2 Multi-degree of Freedom Systems 261

Chapter 9 Two-degree of Freedom Systems 263

9.1 Introduction 263
9.2 Undamped Free Vibrations 263
9.3 Undamped Forced Vibrations 266
9.4 Damped Forced Vibrations 268
9.5 Undamped Vibration Absorber 269
9.6 Tuned Vibration Absorber 271
9.6.1 Effect of Mass Ratio on the Amplitude of Primary Mass 272
9.6.2 Secondary Mass with Viscous Damping 281
9.6.3 Applications 282
9.7 Illustrative Examples 285
Problems303

Chapter 10 Multi-degree of Freedom Systems 305

10.1 Introduction 305
10.2 Spring Mass Model: Mdof System 306
10.3 Holtzer Method 309
10.4 Dynamic Equilibrium Condition: Mdof System 310
10.4.1 Elastic Force (Spring Force) 311
10.4.2 Damping Force 312
10.4.3 Inertia Force 312
10.5 Undamped Free Vibration Analysis 313
10.5.1 Solution of Eigenvalue Problem 315
10.5.2 Rayleigh’s Quotient 316
10.5.3 Orthogonality Condition of Modes 317
10.5.4 Normalization of Modes 319
10.6 Transformation of Eigenvalue Problem to Standard Form 319
10.7 Normal Coordinates 320
 Contents    xi

10.8 Uncoupled Equations of Motion 321

10.9 Solution of Undamped Free
Vibration Analysis 323
10.10 Response Spectrum Analysis 324
10.10.1 Member Forces 325
10.10.2 Modal Mass 326
10.10.3 Mode Superposition 327
10.10.4 Closely Spaced Modes 328
10.10.5 Minimum Number of Modes 329
10.11 Illustrative Examples 329
10.12 Rayleigh Damping 357
Problems360

Chapter 11 Systems with Distributed Mass and Elasticity 363

11.1 Introduction 363
11.2 Distributed Mass and Stiffness Systems 363
11.3 Simply Supported Beam 367
11.4 Cantilever Beam 369
11.5 Rayleigh’s Principle: Conservation of Energy 371
11.6 Multi-degree of Freedom System 372
11.7 Improved Rayleigh Method 374
11.8 Generalized Sdof Systems 375
11.9 Illustrative Examples 377
11.10 Lumped Mass System: Shear Buildings 381
Problems385
Reference386

Part 3 Application to Earthquake Engineering387

Chapter 12 Analysis of Buildings for Earthquake Force 389

12.1 Introduction 389
12.2 What is a Building? 390
12.3 Structural Systems 390
12.4 Concrete Frame and Shear Walls 395
12.5 Member Proportions 396
12.6 Irregularity in Configurations of Buildings 397
12.7 Modelling of a Building 399
12.8 Base Shear in a Building 400
12.9 Fundamental Period of Vibration 402
xii    Contents

12.10 Earthquake Force 405

12.10.1 Seismic Coefficient Method 406
12.10.2 Response Spectrum Method 407
12.11 Response Reduction Factor 410
12.12 Building on Stilts 414
12.13 Deflection and Separation of Buildings 414
12.14 Illustrative Examples 415
12.15 Special Devices 438
12.15.1 Passive Control Systems 438
12.15.2 Active Control Systems 442
Problems443
References445

Chapter 13 Nonlinear Analysis of Structures 447

13.1 Introduction 447
13.2 Overview of Nonlinearity 448
13.2.1 Measure of Nonlinearity: Ductility 449
13.3 Modeling for Nonlinear Analysis 450
13.3.1 Steel Brace 451
13.3.2 Steel Beam 451
13.3.3 Steel Column 455
13.3.4 Concrete Beam 456
13.3.5 Concrete Column 459
13.3.6 Nonlinear Behaviour of Frames 459
13.4 Nonlinear Analysis 461
13.4.1 Newmark b Method: With Iterations464
13.4.2 Newmark b Method: Without Iterations466
13.5 Illustrative Examples 468
13.6 Inelastic Response Spectra 480
13.7 Smoothened Inelastic Response Spectra 483
13.7.1 New Zealand Code NZS 1170.5:2004 491
13.7.2 Eurocode EC8-part 1:2004 491
13.8 Illustrative Examples 493
13.9 Energy Dissipation Systems 501
13.9.1 Viscoelasticity 502
13.9.2 Hysteresis Behaviour of Dampers 503
13.9.3 ADAS Energy Dissipating System 505
13.10 Modeling of Expansion Gap in Bridges 508
13.11 Illustrative Examples 508
Problems514
References – Further Reading 515
 Contents    xiii

Chapter 14 Performance-based Seismic Design of Structures 519

14.1 Introduction 519
14.2 Performance-based Seismic Design  521
14.3 Acceptable Risk in an Earthquake  523
14.4 Requirements for Seismic Rehabilitation 524
14.4.1 Seismic Design Category 524
14.4.2 Building Performance Objectives 525
14.4.3 Rehabilitation Objectives 527
14.5 Nonlinear Procedures  528
14.5.1 Performance Point 531
14.6 Stress–strain Curve for Concrete Section 532
14.7 Moment-curvature Curve for Concrete Section 538
14.8 Axial Force–moment Interaction Curves for Concrete 544
14.9 Acceleration-displacement Response Spectra (ADRS) 545
14.9.1 Elastic A–D Response Spectra 545
14.9.2 Inelastic A–D Response Spectra 547
14.9.3 Acceptance Criteria for Nonlinear Procedures 549
14.10 Illustrative Examples 550
Problems571
References – Further Reading 572

Part 4 Wind Load 575

Chapter 15 Wind Load 577

15.1 Introduction 577
15.2 Terminology 581
15.3 Wind Load 582
15.4 Static Wind Pressure 583
15.4.1 Change of Terrain 589
15.4.2 Design Wind Pressure 590
15.5 Illustrative Examples 590
15.6 Dynamic Wind Pressure 600
15.7 Illustrative Examples 602
15.8 Wind Load on a Truss Bridge 606
15.9 Response of Structures to Wind Load 609
Problems609
References – Further Reading 612

Appendix 1 Measuring Earthquakes: Magnitude and Intensity 615

A1.1 Magnitude 615
A1.2 Intensity 616
xiv    Contents

Appendix 2 MATLAB Basics 621

A2.1 Matlab Basics 621
A2.1.1 Help Command 621
A2.1.2 Parenthesis 621
A2.1.3 Defining Variables 622
A2.1.4 Define a Matrix 623
A2.1.5 Special Matrices 624
A2.1.6 Variable Name “ans” 625
A2.1.7 Who and Whos Commands 625
A2.1.8 Operators 625
A2.1.9 Functions 625
A2.1.10 Matrix Arithmetic and Functions 627
A2.1.11 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors 630
A2.2 Working with MS Excel Files 630
A2.3 Conditional Statements 633
A2.4 Basic Graphing Routines 635
A2.5 Matlab Programs with this Book 636

Answers to Selected Problems 637

Index645
 Preface

It is needless to reemphasize the significance and importance of the subject of

dynamics of structures when the architects and engineers are constantly craving for
lightweight but strong materials, and lean and slim structures. Among the whole family
of the subjects on Structural Engineering, this is indeed the most mathematical and,
therefore, most scary. There are an umpteen number of textbooks available on the
subject of Dynamics of Structures that discuss the derivation of equations along with
their physical significance. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to visualize these equations.
FORTRAN has been the most powerful and preferred programming language of
structural engineers, but it was without graphic commands. The subjects of structural
dynamics, stiffness matrix method, nonlinear behaviour of members and structures,
FORTRAN language, and computer hardware and software have evolved together
since early 1960s. There used to be special Tektronix and vt100 graphic terminals,
and Calcomp plotters with proprietary graphics software. The biggest hurdle in
understanding the subject of dynamics remained the inability of easy graphical
representation of equations and dynamic response of structures. Remember SAP IV,
DRAIN-2D and SAKE developed in early 1970s? With the beginning of the twenty-
first century, all that has changed. The desktop and laptop computers, and colour laser
printers with very high resolutions are easily available and affordable. MATLAB is
a very powerful and user-friendly software for carrying out solution of extremely
complicated mathematical equations with built-in graphic functions. Another very
easy and powerful tool is the electronic worksheet such as MS-EXCEL.
The writing of this book was inspired by the following objectives:
•• to present the subject matter with utmost ease,
•• to provide necessary and detailed mathematical background,
•• to introduce more illustrative examples,
•• to present the subject matter useful to final year undergraduate and postgraduate
students,
•• to introduce MS-EXCEL and MATLAB,
•• to introduce nonlinear modelling and analysis,
•• to introduce special damping devices and their modelling, and
•• to introduce practical applications useful to practicing engineers.
xvi    Preface

During the past few years, my students have greatly appreciated the power and
impact of these tools in understanding the subject. An attempt has been made to pre-
sent both elementary topics as well as advanced topics including acceleration–displace-
ment response spectra (ADRS) and performance-based seismic design of structures.
The response of structures with energy dissipating devices subjected to earthquakes is
also presented.

Organization of the Book

A genuine effort has been made to develop the subject from the very basics of simple
harmonic motion of a pendulum and introduce the concept of equation of motion. The
next step is to find its solution. There are several techniques to solve the equations of
motion for different types of dynamic loads. The analysis of structures due to different
dynamic loads has been carried out in Chapters 3 to 7. The estimation of earthquake
force has been discussed in Chapter 8. Analysis of two degrees of freedom system and
tuned mass dampers has been developed in Chapter 9, whereas that of multi-degree-
of-freedom systems has been developed in Chapters 10 and 11.
The analysis of multistorey reinforced concrete and steel buildings subjected to
earthquake loads in accordance with IS:1893 code has been discussed in Chapter 12.
Under a severe earthquake loading, a structure is expected to undergo inelastic region.
Modelling for nonlinear analysis, hysteresis models, solution algorithms, energy dis-
sipating devices, concept of ductility etc. are discussed in Chapter 13. Nowadays, there
is a great emphasis on predicting the performance of a structure under earthquake
loads. The intention is to know whether the structure will remain in immediate occu-
pancy, damage control, life safety, limited safety, or in structural stability states during
an earthquake event. In case there is a downtime for the building after an event, then
how much will it be? What it will cost to the owner and its occupants as a result of
downtime? What will be the estimated extent and cost of repair? Pushover analysis is
used to study the performance-based design. These issues are discussed in Chapter 14.
As on today, we may not have all the answers but these do indicate the direction of
further research.
Finally, the last Chapter 15 is devoted to the estimation of wind loads based on
IS:875-Part 3 and IRC6. Wind may be treated as a static load or dynamic load. The
wind loads on various structures are calculated based on exhaustive studies in wind
tunnels over an extended period of time in various countries. The concepts of fluid
mechanics are involved in the estimation of wind loads. It is important to understand
the estimation of drag coefficient for different shape and size of structures and their
exposed structural elements. It is interesting to know that the dynamic wind loads are
applied statically to a structure to understand its response.
Wherever required, IS:1893, IS:875-part 3, IS:2974, IRC 6, Eurocode 8, ASCE 7,
AISC 341, NZS 1170 and ISO codes have been introduced. Federal Emergency
Management Agency (FEMA), Washington, D.C., and Pacific Earthquake Engineering
Research Center (PEER) have prepared several documents with detailed commen-
tary and background notes including publications under the National Earthquake
 Preface    xvii

Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP).These publications have been introduced as

appropriate. It is recommended that the reader should have a copy of these codes and
research reports to understand and appreciate the latest developments.

How to Study the Subject of Dynamics?

As already pointed out, this is a highly mathematical subject. It is recommended that

the reader should himself/herself derive each equation and make it a general prac-
tice to represent them in graphical form. It will help develop an understanding of the
nature of equations, their physical meaning and interpretation, and, therefore, behav-
iour of the structure under a given dynamic load. MATLAB is a very powerful tool for
learning and exploring the subject. MS-EXCEL is another very powerful tool to carry
out repetitive calculations and represent the data in graphical form. In addition, the
dynamic response of structures subjected to earthquake loading should be understood
using commercially available software such as SAP2000 and ETABS. The GUI in all
these tools is extremely powerful and helpful in unravelling the mystery of dynam-
ics of structures. All such tools must be fully exploited for effective computer-aided
learning.
MATLAB source codes developed in this text can be obtained by requesting at
www.pearsoned.co.in/ashokkjain

Acknowledgements

I wish to thank the following students with whom I had short but intense brainstorming
sessions, sometimes forced as is natural in dynamics, on various aspects of structural
dynamics while they were working on their research projects during their stay at
Roorkee: M. R. Deshpande, S. S. Dasaka, Shri Pal, R. A. Mir, Satish Annigeri, Jainendra
Agarwal, J. Satyanarayan, P. Rajeshwari, M. L. Meena, Abhijit S. Niphade, Sourabh
Agrawal, Ranjith Shetty, Sujit Ashok Gangal, Payal Thukral, Abhinav Gupta, Shabbir
Lokhandwala, Mandakini Dehuri, Pruthvik B. M., Alwin N., Ripu Daman Singh and
Saurabh Khandelwal. In addition, there were several other students who worked on
static problems and had very stimulating technical sessions with me.
Special thanks to Ashok Mittal for our long-distance telephonic discussions
on various aspects of earthquake engineering from the point of view of a structural
designer who was chasing deadlines to finalize computer models and issue structural
drawings, and there remained a few fundamental issues still unresolved. I must admit
that I learnt wind loads from A. K. M. Tripathi who had a deep understanding of wind
loads on TV and MW towers. Sincere thanks to Aparna K. P. who worked with me
for her Master’s thesis with a clean slate and in a very short time picked up the fine
points of inelastic response spectra and acceleration–displacement response spectra,
and helped produce numerous tables and graphs.
xviii    Preface

How can I forget my alma mater, the erstwhile University of Roorkee and now
Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, situated in a very small and calm town on
the banks of Ganga and foothills of Himalaya, for providing an excellent work envi-
ronment, library and computing facilities to learn, learn and learn? The University of
Michigan at Ann Arbor, my another alma mater, provided me with excellent labora-
tory facilities in its North Campus to generate hysteresis loops for steel bracing mem-
bers, and computing facilities in its main campus to study the inelastic seismic response
of concentrically and eccentrically braced steel frames.
I acknowledge the editorial and production teams at Pearson consisting of
R. Dheepika, C. Purushothaman and Sojan Jose for their untiring efforts and tolerat-
ing my last-minute changes in producing this book in the present form.
Lastly, I wish to thank my wife Sarita, our children Payal and Gaurav, son-in-law
Vikash and daughter-in-law Saavy, for their unconditional support and encourage-
ment in writing this book. I also thank my father who constantly advised me to write a
book exclusively on earthquake engineering but some how I wasn’t convinced.

Ashok K. Jain
 About the Author

Dr Ashok K. Jain is Professor of Civil Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology

Roorkee (formerly University of Roorkee), obtained his B.E. and M.E. degrees with
honours from the University of Roorkee in 1972 and 1974, and a doctorate degree from
the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, in 1978. His main areas of interest include
multistoreyed buildings, concrete and steel bridges, and nonlinear seismic response
of structures. Besides teaching and research, he has been a structural consultant to
various state and central government agencies as well as many private companies.
A recipient of several awards, he has been a research fellow at the University of
Michigan; a visiting Professor at the McGill University, Montreal; Director, Malaviya
National Institute of Technology, Jaipur; and Head of Civil Engineering Department,
I.I.T. Roorkee.
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BROWNING DREW BICKERSTAFFE-DREW).
Abbotscourt. $2 (2c) Kenedy

(Eng ed 20–8732)

This is preeminently a story of human kindness with enough of

harshness in it to throw the kindly people and their doings into relief.
The two sides of the picture are represented by two branches of the
same family: the clerical, younger son side in spiritual and worldly
prosperity throughout successive generations; and the baronet side
in as steady degeneration. At last there is a reversion to type in
Eleanor, the physically and mentally sound and beautiful daughter of
the ramshackle Sir Anthony Abbot of Abbotspark, whom the Rev.
Thomas Abbot of Abbotscourt heroically resolves to adopt into his
family on her father’s death. The story revolves around poor
Eleanor’s plight as a misfit both in the vicar’s family, surrounded by
kindness, and in her dissolute brother’s house, exposed to his low
designs. To escape both she flees into an unknown world and when
her trials have reached their climax a veritable conspiracy of
kindness and good will bring her back to life and love.

“The story is a vivid picture, drawn with the author’s customary

skill, of provincial social life in ecclesiastical circles and interest is
well-maintained.”

+ Ath p1168 N 7 ’19 100w

“There is something delicately feminine about John Ayscough’s

handling of his theme, his humor, his almost imperceptible irony.
‘Abbotscourt’ cannot be called a great book, nor would its author
claim such a distinction for it. But it is worth reading for its style, its
purity, and for that fragrance as of lavender and old lace which
permeates its pages.”

+ Cath World 112:258 N ’20 220w

+ Cleveland p105 D ’20 80w
Spec 123:819 D 13 ’19 60w

“It is worth dwelling on the method of approach to the characters;

it differs so greatly from much that passes for character drawings
now. It is open perhaps to a smile here and a shrug there, but it is
supported nevertheless upon a basis of thought which though
delicate is secure.”

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p629 N 6

’19 580w

AYUSAWA, IWAO FREDERICK. International

labor legislation. (Columbia univ. studies in history,
economics, and public law) pa *$2 Longmans 331

20–18736

“This book traces the origin and development of international

labor legislation from the time of Owen (1818), with chapters on
progress toward international agreements (1890–1900), labor
conferences and treaties (1900–1913) and the labor development of
the world war. Part 2 deals with the difficulties in international labor
legislation and Part 3 with the Washington conference of 1919
including a summary of the discussion of the eight-hour day and the
employment of women and children.”—Am Econ R

Am Econ R 10:839 D ’20 70w

“The assembled material will be useful to the student in the field of

labor, even though he may be puzzled by several indefinite references
and by some errors (possibly typographical).” Amy Hewes

+ − Am Hist R 26:361 Ja ’21 310w

Reviewed by J: B. Andrews

+ Survey 45:287 N 20 ’20 180w

 B

BABSON, ROGER WARD. Central American

journey. (Interamerican geographical readers) il
$1.20 (3c) World bk. 917.28

20–4903

This is the story of the Carroll family in their travels through

Central America—an attempt to combine in the form of a story for
children and an account of travel, certain information on our
commercial relations with our southern neighbors. Its aim is to teach
children that, in the process of linking nation with nation the world
over, friendly trade relations contain the romance of the immediate
future, that they imply human relations, fair dealing, and honorable
business standards. Among the contents are: Castles in New Spain;
The gateway of the world; The great waterway; On the trail of
Columbus; A plantation in Costa Rica; Mules and mountain trails;
The ancient land of Nicaragua; The wonders of a wilderness; The
treasure of San Juancito; The small republic of Salvador. The book
has an index and many illustrations.

Booklist 17:120 D ’20

+ N Y Evening Post p2 My 1 ’20 250w
 [2]
BABSON, ROGER WARD. Fundamentals of
prosperity; what they are and whence they come. *$2
Revell 174

20–20936

“In this book the statistician of Wellesley Hills holds that we must
look to religion and not to modern efficiency methods to insure
national prosperity. He contends that down to this hour, mankind
(or humanity—or the world at large) has lost its way, chiefly because
of its refusal to accept the golden rule as the basis of true living.”—
Springf’d Republican

“It is a courageous book, inspired by an unshakable faith in the

pricelessness of character, filled with wholesome advice to business
men, and garnished with anecdotes that would be equally
appropriate at a meeting of the stock exchange and a dinner party.”

+ N Y Evening Post p8 N 6 ’20 190w

“It is a business man’s call to business to change its aim, a sermon

of a high order of eloquence that if heeded would change the course
of civilization.”

+ Springf’d Republican p6 D 13 ’20 200w

BABSON, ROGER WARD. W. B. Wilson and

the Department of labor. *$2 Brentano’s 353
 20–1493

“The present head of the Department of labor at Washington has

had the kind of life history that is often described as ‘typically
American,’ but it happens that he was born and passed his childhood
days in Scotland. He was taken from school at the age of eight and
sent to the mines. As he grew up he worked as a common laborer,
iron miner, locomotive fireman, lumber-jack, log-driver, farmer, and
union organizer. He was sent to Congress from Pennsylvania for
three terms, and when the Department of labor was created he
became by President Wilson’s appointment the first Secretary of
labor. All this and much more is told in the present volume by Roger
W. Babson, the statistician, who was himself formerly chief of the
Information service of the Department of labor. Mr Babson’s book
describes and analyzes the machinery and policy of the
department.”—R of Rs

+ Am Econ R 10:363 Je ’20 80w

Booklist 17:28 O ’20
+ Cleveland p77 Ag ’20 60w

“A well-constructed and interesting biography.”

+ N Y Times p30 Ag 1 ’20 160w

“It is a little hard to tell where Babson begins and Wilson leaves
off, for the biographer has not been quite able to play the part of
Boswell to his Johnson.” J. E. Le Rossignol
 + − Review 2:333 Ap 3 ’20 420w
R of Rs 61:334 Mr ’20 150w
Springf’d Republican p8 Ag 6 ’20 290w

“Mr Babson has both succeeded and failed. He has done effectively
what he set out to do. He has failed to do the much greater thing,
such for example, as that which Graham Wallas has accomplished in
his life of Francis Place. In a word, his book is not a biography
insofar as biography is an art.” W. L. C.

+ − Survey 44:89 Ap 10 ’20 600w

BACON, FRANK. Lightnin’; after the play of the

same name by Winchell Smith and Frank Bacon. il
*$1.75 (3c) Harper

20–4438

A novel made from a popular play of the same name in which Mr

Bacon has been playing the title part. Lightnin’ Bill Jones, so-called
because it doesn’t describe him, is a gentle, genial old humorist who
keeps a hotel in Calivada, on the California-Nevada line. In fact the
state line runs thru the house, so that divorcees wishing to obtain the
advantages of the easy divorce laws of one state might do so and at
the same time enjoy the privileges of a California resort. Two land
sharks, who for reasons of their own, wish to get control of the
property, talk Bill’s wife and adopted daughter into their scheme,
and then, unable to win Bill’s consent, persuade the wife to get a
divorce. But their plans are foiled, and Bill with his genius for
“fixing” things also brings about a happy ending to the love romance
of two young people.

Booklist 16:280 My ’20

“The pathos and humor of the play seem dry and forced in the
story. Still the charm of old ‘Lightnin’ Bill’ Jones stands to some
extent.”

+ − Boston Transcript p4 Ap 21 ’20 220w

“The author continually insists that Jones is a ‘lovable character,’

but to the reader he seems no more than a lazy, shiftless, old
drunkard, who looks to his wife and daughter for sustenance. Mr
Bacon does not succeed in freeing the narrative from the atmosphere
of the footlights.”

− Springf’d Republican p8a Ap 4 ’20 150w

BACON, SIR REGINALD HUGH SPENCER.

Dover patrol, 1915–1917. 2v il *$10 (4½c) Doran
940.45

19–19869

“At Dover during 1915, 1916 and 1917, more operations were
initiated and carried out than under any naval command since the
wars at the beginning of last century.” (Preface) The author
enumerates his reasons for writing the book: to write while memory
is still accurate; to fill the need for an adequate account of the work
of the Dover patrol; to contradict the untrue statements of the press
anent his dismissal. Contents of volume 1: Historical; The ships of
the Dover patrol; Matters of strategy; Coastal bombardments; The
work of the trawlers and paddle mine-sweepers; The Belgian coast,
its patrol and barrages; Landing the guns on the Belgian coast; A
proposed attack on Ostend; Preparations for a great landing; Plans
for blocking Zeebrugge and Ostend; The control and protection of
traffic. Contents of volume 2: The incomparable sixth flotilla; The
downs and merchant shipping; The barrages in the channel; The
drifters and their tasks; The French coast; C.M.B.’s, M.L.’s,
submarines and smoke; Operations; The air services of the Dover
patrol; Dover harbour and dockyard; Epilogue; Appendixes; Index.
Each volume is abundantly illustrated and supplied with charts and
diagrams.

“An important contribution from the standpoint of historical

truth.”

+ Booklist 16:273 My ’20

“As a question of strategy one of the most interesting parts of the

book is that dealing with the plans drawn for a joint army and navy
effort to turn the enemy out of his Belgian bases.” C. C. Gill

+ Bookm 51:477 Je ’20 1700w

“Admiral Bacon’s book has in it much matter for the layman and
much for the expert. For that reason it is more shapeless than have
been many books written about the war. For that reason also, it is a
truer presentment of the conditions obtaining.” Muriel Harris
 + Nation 110:657 My 15 ’20 750w
+ Outlook 126:768 D 29 ’20 6Ow

“For this lucid and sailor-like account of an essential service

Admiral Bacon deserves praise.”

+ Review 3:707 Jl 7 ’20 1400w

“This notable book wavers a little between treatise and narrative,

but it is well worth reading all the same. A certain sense of grievance
animates Sir Reginald Bacon’s pages. But it only obtrudes itself here
and there, for instance, in a tendency to belittle the method of
Admiral Keyes’s attack on Zeebrugge.”

+ Sat R 128:sup13 N 29 ’19 1050w

“Sir Reginald Bacon’s detailed narrative of the Dover patrol is a

well-written and highly interesting book, which will rank with Lord
Jellicoe’s history of the grand fleet among the chief authorities on the
naval side of the war.”

+ Spec 123:582 N 1 ’19 1600w

“It is a striking and interesting narrative, gracefully related, with a

thousand sidelights on this little-known field of naval operations.”

+ Springf’d Republican p6 Je 21 ’20 720w

 “The 633 pages of ‘The Dover patrol’ are crowded with statements
of fact, criticisms not indeed of persons (for, apart from his official
enemy, and vague indications of contradicting sinners, Admiral
Bacon is generous in his tone to his colleagues and subordinates),
but of principles and the methods of the art of war at sea. Admiral
Bacon sometimes writes expressly for the professional reader, but he
remembers the little knowledge of most of us, avoids pedantry, and
has a respectable share of the blessed faculty for making things
clear.”

+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p599 O 30

’19 2150w
+ Yale R n s 10:437 Ja ’21 270w

BADEN-POWELL, SIR ROBERT

STEPHENSON SMYTH. Scoutmastership. *$1.50
Putnam 369.4

20–26747

This “handbook for scoutmasters on the theory of scout training”

is the American edition of the author’s book on British scout training
with a few alterations by way of adaptation. Its arguments are
elaborations on the four main principles on which, according to the
author, scout training is based, and which require of the scoutmaster
that “(1) He must have the boy spirit in him; and must be able to
place himself on a right plane with his pupils as a first step; (2) He
must realize the psychology of the different ages of boy life; (3) He
must deal with the individual pupil rather than with the mass; and
(4) He then needs to promote a corporate spirit among his
individuals to gain the best results.” After the introductory exposition
of these principles the contents are: How to train the boy; Character;
Health and physical development; Making a career; Service for
others; Reconstruction; The education act and the Boy scout; The
attitude of labour towards scouting; Be ye prepared; Appendix.

“A readable handbook.”

+ Booklist 17:9 O ’20

+ Review 3:215 S 8 ’20 80w

BAFF, WILLIAM E. Inventions, their

development, purchase and sale. *$2 Van Nostrand
608

20–6991

“This book is essentially a manual on the marketing of

inventions.... In its broader aspect it is a book on business policy and
is sent out on its mission of enlightening inventors and others about
plans by the aid of which inventions may be profitably exploited....
The problems discussed are the manufacturers’ problems as well as
those of the individual inventor.” (Preface) Among the subjects
covered are: Value and price of patents; Gauging the merits of an
invention; Developing inventions; The market for inventions;
Patents as property; Inventor and capitalist; Elementary contract
laws. The final chapter consists of Suggestions from the author on
every phase of selling inventions. There is an index.

“It should prove of essential service to the inventor who is about to

market his ideas.”
 + N Y Evening Post p15 My 8 ’20 250w

BAILEY, CAROLYN SHERWIN. Broad stripes

and bright stars. (For the children’s hour ser.) il
$1.50 (3½c) Bradley, M. 973

19–13373

A series of stories from American history. The author says, “I have

written this book because I believe that the story of the American
people as it is embodied in the history of our United States supplies
the most important material for character building in the entire field
of elementary education, and should be offered to children in a new,
humanitarian way as a means of helping them to understand the
present.” (Preface) The stories are arranged chronologically and
include: Pilgrims for freedom; The first fight; The freeman’s charter;
Following the beaver’s trail; At the gate of old Harvard; Ringing in
the fourth of July; In the wake of the first steamboat, etc. A
chronology of main events referred to comes at the close.

“The stories are well told.”

+ Springf’d Republican p6 My 25 ’20

100w

BAILEY, CAROLYN SHERWIN. Wonder

stories. il $2.50 (3½c) Bradley, M. 292
 20–12815

All the well-known myths are here retold for boys and girls. There
is an introduction on How the myths began, followed by the stories
of Prometheus, Pandora (Hawthorne’s “Paradise of children”),
Vulcan, Orion, Perseus, Pegasus, Phaeton, Apollo, Mercury,
Proserpine, Jason, the golden apples, the wooden horse, and others.
There are six pictures in color by Clara M. Burd.

“An attractive collection.”

+ Ind 104:380 D 11 ’20 30w

BAILEY, HENRY CHRISTOPHER. Barry

Leroy. *$2 Dutton

20–4707

“When the story opens Barry is a spy in the service of Napoleon;

the war is on between France and England. Barry had learned to
believe in the people who were fighting for liberty and equality. But
there comes a time when Barry’s regard for the French consul is
turned to contempt and hatred. The abduction and execution of the
Duc d’Enghien, whom Barry knew to be loyal to Napoleon, was the
cause of his revolt. Asserting that he would never forgive the Little
Corsican for his cold-blooded treachery, he goes over to the other
side and offers his services to the British. He forces a duel on Nelson
at one moment and saves his life at the risk of his own at another.”—
N Y Times
 “Rather disconnected and has not quite the charm or vivacity of
‘The gamesters’ or ‘The highwaymen.’”

+ − Booklist 16:345 Jl ’20

“In criticizing Mr Bailey’s methods in portraying his most difficult

figures, I would not subtract from the extent of his accomplishment.
He has, we must admit, failed in Napoleon and Nelson. ‘Barry Leroy’
is an excellent story in spite of this lack. It possesses the fine dash,
the romance, the joy of adventure for itself, that we have come to
associate with other times than our own.” D. L. M.

+ − Boston Transcript p6 Ag 4 ’20 1050w

“Throughout the book the action never lags; there are no dull
moments. As a spy-story having an historic background and
interwoven with a charming love affair, ‘Barry Leroy’ is above the
average in construction and sustained interest.”

+ N Y Times 25:168 Ap 11 ’20 500w

“The fantastic vein of the story is well sustained, though

necessarily told in episodes with little organic connection, as if
written for serial publication.”

+ Sat R 129:234 Mr 6 ’20 80w

BAILEY, LIBERTY HYDE. Nursery-manual; a

complete guide to the multiplication of plants. (Rural
manuals) il *$2.50 Macmillan 631.5
 20–1758

“Rewritten and reset, L. H. Bailey’s ‘The nursery-manual’ is off the

press in its 22d edition. It deals fully with seeds, layers, cuttings,
buds, grafts and otherwise. To those who are acquainted with the
earlier editions—the first having been issued early in 1891—little
introduction is needed, save to say that the material is brought up to
date with addition of observations gained in further research. An
extended alphabetic list of plants with full directions for each is
included. The volume also includes an illustrated account of the main
diseases and insects of nursery stock, valuable to the commercial
grower.”—Springf’d Republican

Booklist 16:231 Ap ’20

R of Rs 61:448 Ap ’20 50w
+ Springf’d Republican p10 Mr 12 ’20
240w
The Times [London] Lit Sup p242 Ap
15 ’20 40w

BAILEY, TEMPLE. Trumpeter swan. il *$1.90

Penn

20–17175
 “The hero, a young soldier, returns from France to face changes of
fortune and soon to realize that the girl he loves has lost her heart to
another man. How Randy makes good, writes the romance of ‘The
trumpeter swan,’ and wins back the wandering heart of his lady, is all
set down. Interwoven is the minor story of baby Fiddle Flippen.”—
Boston Transcript

+ Booklist 17:115 D ’20

“The plot of Temple Bailey’s latest story is practically nil, but its
settings are wonderfully picturesque. The hills of old Virginia and the
moors of Nantucket are powerfully contrasted to furnish a
background for a readable light tale.” C. K. H.

+ − Boston Transcript p6 N 3 ’20 500w

+ Cleveland p105 D ’20 50w

“Her readers will like this new book. The love passages are
wholesome, strike the note of sincerity, and therefore cannot but be
acceptable.”

+ N Y Times p25 Ja 16 ’21 430w

Reviewed by Marguerite Fellows

+ Pub W 98:658 S 18 ’20 190w

“A good simple natural harmless story.”