Pediatric Skills for Occupational

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Chapter 07: Development of Performance Skills
Solomon: Pediatric Skills for Occupational Therapy Assistants, 4th Edition

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. According to the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (OTPF), which term refers to a
child’s gross motor, fine motor, process, and social interaction?
a. Areas of occupation
b. Client factors
c. Performance contexts
d. Performance skills
ANS: D
In the OTPF, the performance skills are motor skills (gross and fine motor skills), process
skills (cognition), and social interaction skills (language and psychosocial).

REF: p. 78

2. In which period (other than fetal growth) is physical growth most rapid?
a. Birth to 6 months
b. Middle childhood
c. Preschool
d. Puberty
ANS: A
During the first year, infants triple their body weight and their height increases by 10-12
inches. Their body shape changes, and by 4 months the sizes of their heads and bodies are
more proportionate. By 12 months, average infants weigh 21-22 lb and are 29-30 inches tall.

REF: p. 80

3. Which statement is not true concerning primitive reflexes?

a. Reflexes provide the first movement out of physiological flexion.
b. Reflexes are integrated as the infant learns about the environment.
c. Reflexes persist throughout childhood.
d. Reflexes are genetically carried survival mechanisms.
ANS: C
 As shown in Table 7-2, infants’ gross motor skills become gradually more complex as they
develop. Infants begin to combine basic reflexive movements with higher cognitive and
physiologic functioning to control these movements in the environment (Box 7-2). Between
birth and 2 months, infants can turn their heads from side to side while in prone and supine
positions. As physiologic flexion diminishes, they appear more hypotonic (have less
muscular and postural tone), and the movements of each side of their body appear
asymmetrical. The asymmetrical tonic neck reflex (ATNR) holds infants’ heads to one side.
By 4 months, they can raise and rotate their heads to look at their surroundings. In the
supine position (on the back), 4-month-old infants begin to bring their hands to their knees
and can deliberately roll from the supine position to the side. The increased head and trunk
control observed at this age is the result of emerging righting reactions and better postural
control.

REF: p. 80

4. Which reflex does not disappear at 4 months?

a. Rooting reflex
b. Palmar grasp
c. Landau
d. Moro
ANS: C
Landau reflex does not disappear at 4 months.

REF: p. 81, Table 7-1

5. Kelly is a 3-month-old infant. As you observe her, you notice that her eyes are open, they
are bright and shining, and she can track moving objects with her eyes. You would likely
classify Kelly into which of the following infant states?
a. Alert, active, and awake
b. Drowsy
c. Light sleep
d. Equilibrium
ANS: A
Brazelton and Nugent identified six behavioral states observed in the newborn: (a) deep
sleep; (b) light sleep; (c) drowsy or semidozing; (d) alert, actively awake; (e) fussy; and (f)
crying. The infant’s state should be noted when observing the way he or she responds to
stimulation.

REF: p. 85

6. Daniel continually drops various objects from his high chair and is fascinated by watching
the objects fall. Daniel is likely at what stage of Piaget’s sensorimotor period?
a. Invention of New Means through Mental Combinations
b. Tertiary Circular Reactions
c. Primary Circular Reactions
d. Secondary Circular Reactions
ANS: B
 During the stage called tertiary circular reactions, he or she repeatedly attempts a task and
modifies the behavior to achieve the desired consequences. The repetition helps the infant
understand the concept of cause-effect relationships.

REF: p. 87

7. Which five factors are rated to make up the Apgar score?

a. Heart rate, color, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and respiratory effort.
b. Size, color, muscle tone, movement, and mood.
c. Heart rate, muscle tone, size, and respiratory effort.
d. Crying ability, length, age, muscle tone, and respiratory effort.
ANS: A
The newborn’s physiological status is tested using the Apgar scoring system, which rates
each of the following five areas on a scale of 0-2: (a) color, (b) heart rate, (c) reflex
irritability, (d) muscle tone, and (e) respiratory effort.

REF: p. 80

8. Which statement describes the vision of newborns?

a. Newborns are able to distinguish between a picture of a face and a real face.
b. Newborns are not able to see at birth.
c. Newborns can see objects from about 8 inches away.
d. Newborns show a preference for patterns and can distinguish between colors.
ANS: C
Newborns have vision at birth and can see objects best from about 8 inches away, which is
the typical distance between the caregiver’s face and the infant’s.

REF: p. 80

9. At what age are infants able to transfer objects from one hand to the other?
a. 3 months
b. 5-6 months
c. 9 months
d. 12 months
ANS: B
A 6-month-old infant uses a radial palmar grasp (in which the object is held between the
thumb and the radial side of the palm) (Fig. 7-3, B) to transfer objects from hand to hand in
a one-stage process (with the taking hand and releasing hand executing the transfer
simultaneously).

REF: p. 84

10. Children in middle childhood experience a growth in vocabulary and language, in part due
to the focus on reading. This is evident in children’s ability to use all of the following except
a. puns and figures of speech.
b. jokes based on words with double meanings.
c. secret languages with their friends.
 d. abstract language such as debating.
ANS: D
During middle childhood, the vocabulary of children expands, partly as a result of their
focus on reading. Puns and figures of speech become meaningful, and children’s jokes are
based on the dual meaning of words, slang, curse words, colloquialisms, and secret
languages.

REF: p. 92

11. Which of the following is true of early maturing adolescent boys?

a. They are rated as less physically attractive.
b. They experience greater peer acceptance.
c. They are less likely to complete college.
d. They try hard to seek attention.
ANS: B
Boys who mature earlier than others are described more positively by peers, teachers, and
themselves. They tend to be the most popular, are better at sports, and begin dating with
more ease than those who mature later.

REF: p. 94

12. In which matter do peers influence adolescents more than parents?

a. Academic choices
b. Career
c. Future aspirations
d. Trying out new roles
ANS: D
Even though adolescents spend more time with friends, parents still have considerable
effects on them. Although adolescents seek the advice of peers on matters such as social
activities, dress, and hobbies, they seek the advice of their parents on issues such as
occupations, college, and money.
Involvement in peer groups provides opportunities to accomplish the following:
• Sharing responsibilities for their own affairs
• Experimenting with new ways of handling new situations
• Learning from each other’s mistakes
• Trying out new roles

REF: p. 94

13. Which reflex involves a child making subtle changes in muscle tone or movement to remain
in an upright position?
a. Protective extension
b. Righting
c. Equilibrium
d. Moro
ANS: C
 Equilibrium reactions are automatic, compensatory movements of the body parts that are
used to maintain the center of gravity over the base of support when either the center of
gravity or the supporting surface is displaced. These complex postural responses combine
righting reactions with movements known as rotational and diagonal patterns.

REF: p. 80

14. What age range most closely represents an infant who is able to roll from prone to supine,
get into a quadruped position, has complete head control and transfers objects from hand to
hand while in supine, reaches with one hand, uses radial palmar grasp, and reaches to be
picked up?
a. 1-2 months
b. 6-8 months
c. 9-12 months
d. 13-18 months
ANS: B
At 6 months an infant has complete head control, possesses equilibrium reactions, begins
assuming quadruped position, rolls from prone to supine position, and bounces while
standing. At 6 months an infant transfers objects from hand to hand while in supine position,
shifts weight and reaches with one hand while in prone position, and reaches with one hand
and supports self with other while seated. The 6-month infant reaches to be picked up, uses
radial palmar grasp, begins to use thumb while grasping, shows visual interest in small
objects, rakes small objects, and begins to hold objects in one hand. From 7-9 months the
infant shifts weight and reaches while in quadruped position, creeps, develops extension,
flexion, and rotation movements, and increases the number of activities that can be
accomplished while seated. The 7-9-month infant reaches with supination, uses index finger
to poke objects, uses inferior scissors grasp to pick up small objects, uses radial digital grasp
to pick up cube, and displays voluntary releases abilities.

REF: p. 92

15. A child turns to respond to his name being called; he questions rules of the game; and he
shows that he is having fun while playing the game. What type of performance skills does
this illustrate?
a. motor
b. process
c. social interaction
d. behavioral
ANS: C
Social interaction skills refer to those actions involved with engaging in activities with
another person. Communication and language skills are considered part of social interaction
skills. Social interaction skills include the following observable actions: approaches/starts,
concludes/disengages, produces speech, gesticulates (uses socially appropriate gestures),
speaks fluently, turns toward, looks, places self, touches, regulates, questions, replies,
discloses, expresses emotion, disagrees, thanks, transitions, times response, times duration,
matches language, clarifies, acknowledges and encourages, empathizes, heeds,
accommodates, and benefits.”
REF: p. 84
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with a very full and choice cargo of heavenly wares, with your top-
gallant sails flying, and shouting from every quarter, Grace! grace!
earnestly prays, my very dear friends,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

P. S. Tell Mr. K――n I was in hopes of one line by Saturday’s

post. We had a violent gale yesterday. One ship we hear is gone.
Blessed be God we are all well.

LETTER MCCCCXXX.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

Deal, September 14, 1769.

My very dear Friend,

I T hath really given me some concern, that notwithstanding I have

written so many letters, not a single friend hath wrote at a
venture, though if we had been sailed, the letter might have been
returned. The Captain hath been answered; Winter hath been
answered. But—all is well. For wise reasons we are detained in the
Downs. Who knows but it may be to awaken some souls at Deal? A
peculiar providence brought me here. Warm-hearted Dr. G――ns
came on board to pay me a visit, was sick, lay in my state room, and
learnt more experimentally to pray for those who occupy their
business in the great waters. Mr. B――y of Ramsgate, and young
Mr. G――ner, who was ordained here yesterday, followed after. At
their request I came ashore yesterday morning. The ordination was
very solemn, and I have not been more affected under any public
ministrations a great while. At the request of many, I preached in the
evening to a crouded auditory, and spent the remainder of the night
in godly conversation. Dr. G――ns will acquaint you with some
pleasing particulars. If the wind continues contrary, perhaps I may
make an elopement to Margate. I wish I could see my sermon that is
printed. You may at a proper season, in a proper way, hint as from
yourself to ――, that I have often thought he would do for Bethesda
academy. If I die, let not the hymn book be cashiered. I am glad to
hear of the Amens at Tottenham-Court. I doubt not but it is the same
at ♦Tabernacle. I design to write to both, and to the conference, &c.
But I cannot enlarge now. The young sailors begin to be more handy,
and are attentive to oblige. This is the thirteenth time of my crossing
the Atlantic Ocean. God bless you all! If further detained, you will
hear again from, my very dear friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

P. S. A parcel might be sent by Saturday’s coach, directed to the

care of ――: he would return it if we are sailed. I should have the
papers and the sermon. The ship that was lost hath been taken up
and brought in. The passengers escaped in the boat. What are we
that we should be preserved? Grace! grace!

♦ “Taberbernacle” replaced with “Tabernacle”

LETTER MCCCCXXXI.
To Mr. G――d.

The Downs, on board the Friendship,

September 15, 1769.

My dear Mr. G――d,

I CANNOT forget your old readiness to serve and attend upon me. I
cannot forget your last parting conversation. Alas! alas! how little
do we know of the bitter cups that await us in the decline of life! May
Jesus sweeten them with his love! He will, he will. This will make
them palatable. This and this alone can make us cry from our inmost
souls, “The cup which my heavenly Father hath given me to drink,
shall I not drink it?” Though bitter, there is no death in this cup: on
the contrary, nothing but life, nothing but life. Courage then, my dear
Mr. G――d, courage. Yet a little while and we shall see

All our sorrows left below,

And earth exchang’d for heav’n.

Adieu. God bless you and yours. Hearty love to all that are so kind
as to enquire after and pray for me. Pray go to Dr. G――ns, and tell
him I hope he got home well. I had a pleasant season at Deal with
him and some other servants of our common Lord. What will
heaven be? I am lost in contemplation of it. And therefore must
hasten to subscribe ♦myself, dear Mr. G――d,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

♦ “mylelf” replaced with “myself”

LETTER MCCCCXXXII.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

Deal, September 15, 1769.

 My very dear Friend,

Y OUR letter was quite refreshing. It found me on board. But Mr.

B――y came, put me under an arrest, and is carrying me away
to Ramsgate: I hope to arrest some poor run-away bankrupts for the
Captain of our salvation. You would be glad to be here. How
mysterious and yet how wise are his ways! Fain would I follow the
Lamb whithersoever he goes. Blessed be God that all is so well at
London. I trust all will be better and better. For Christ’s sake, let all
means be used to keep up and increase Tottenham-Court and
Tabernacle societies. Pray be particular about church and state. A
shaking season awaits both. Happy they who have cast anchor
within the veil. All send due respects. Cordial love to your whole self,
to all that sent their love, and to all who are so kind as to enquire
after, my very dear steady friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXXXIII.
To Mr. S―― S――.

Downs, September 16, 1769.

My very dear steady Friend,

I MUST not leave sight of the Downs, without sending you a few
grateful, sympathizing, parting lines. I know in what a situation
they will find you, filling up the measure of Christ’s sufferings which
are behind. Amazing! even bodily sufferings, when brought on by
working for Him, he accounts his own.
 He knows what this temptation means,

For he hath felt the same.

What a mercy this, when wearisome nights and days are appointed
for us! O that patience may have its perfect work in our souls! It will,
it shall. Faithful is he that hath promised, who also will do it. Fine
sayings these for an old weather-beaten almost worn-out pilgrim, just
on his entrance upon a new voyage. But Ebenezer! Ebenezer! He
that hath helped and delivered twelve times, will not fail the
thirteenth.

I would believe thy promise, Lord;

O help my unbelief!

Hitherto the prospect is comfortable. Accommodations good. All on

board civil, and willing to attend upon divine worship. Above all,
Jesus is kind, yea very kind to the better part of, my very dear never-
to-be-forgotten friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

P. S. Most grateful acknowledgments await your whole self, and

dear daughter and worthy son-in-law. Pray for us.

LETTER MCCCCXXXIV.
To Mr. R―― H――n.

In the Downs, on board the Friendship,

September 17, 1769.
 My dear old Friend,

I SYMPATHIZE with you from my inmost soul. What prickles have

our sweetest roses! How does God’s promise seemingly cross
hands with his providence! We would fain direct him: but his answer
is, “I know it, my son, I know it:” and hereafter we shall know it too.
That hereafter will soon come. It is coming every moment. Yet a little
while, and we shall see

All our sorrows left below,

And earth exchang’d for heav’n.

I have no doubt, but this will be the happy lot of your dear yoke-
fellow. At present she walks in darkness, and sees no light. But God
will lighten her darkness, and the days of her mourning shall be
ended. Beg her to accept my most sincere and sympathetic
salutations; and assure yourselves, that neither of you are forgotten
in the poor prayers of, my dear friends,

Less than the least all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXXXV.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

Deal, September 17, 1769.

My very dear Friend,

A S I have no parcel, I am ready almost to think somebody is

coming. I am just returned from Ramsgate, and going on
board. Never did any creature shew greater civility, heartiness,
politeness, and generosity than Mr. B――ry. His friends were hearty
too. Indeed and indeed I believe solid good was done at Ramsgate. I
preached on Friday and Saturday. It was hard parting this morning. I
expect a long passage. But all is well. I am kept comfortable. I could
not go to Margate. Friends that write, should direct where the letters
are to be returned. I am glad Mr. S――y is come. I shall write to
Bath. Is my farewel sermon printed? That is what I meant; no packet
is come. Tender love to all, to all. Never fear,

Satan thwarts and men object,

And yet the thing they thwart effect.

Hallelujah!

I wish this may be the last letter, any may receive dated at the
Downs, from, my very dear Sir,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXXXVI.
To Mr. John W――r.

The Downs, on board the Friendship,

September 18, 1769.

My dear Friend,

I MUST not forget you and your dear yoke-fellow, whom I cannot but
number amongst my old first friends and children. I hope this will
find bodily pain subsided, or grace given to make it more than
tolerable. Little do we know what trials await the declines of life. But
these are like the finishing strokes of a limner’s hand before the
picture is sent for home. Yet a little while, and it shall be hung up in
God’s house above, as a trophy of the Redeemer’s blood and Spirit,
to be admired for ever and ever.

O heights of grace!

O depths of love!

Lord, fit us for

This house above!

Adieu! God bless you and yours and all your connections. The post-
boat is come. Though detained in the Downs, yet I hope we are
sailing to heaven. Hallelujah! Cease not to pray for, my dear friends,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXXXVII.
To Mr. G――, and to all in conference.

The Downs, on board the Friendship,

September 19, 1769.

Dearly beloved in the Lord,

T HOUGH absent in body, I am present with you in spirit. Not want

of love, but of leisure, prevented my holding a conference with
you before my embarkation. My hands and heart were full. Ere long,
we shall go no more out. In the mean while, may you all be pillars in
the house of our God! You are engaged in a good cause, and in a
branch of the Redeemer’s work, which hath, and I am persuaded will
prosper more and more. What a mercy, that fresh instruments are
raised up, to preach to poor sinners the unsearchable riches of
Jesus Christ. I hope that the sound of his blessed feet hath been
heard behind young Mr. D――; he seems to come out in the first,
old, itinerant methodistical way. No way like this. Light and life must
go together. Principles and power, principles and power conjointly,
alone can satisfy my dear tabernacle hearers souls. Though dying, I
should live, when I find that they and you stand fast in the Lord, and
go on, and are terrible like an army with banners. This be your happy
lot! Whatever becomes of ill and hell-deserving me, may you
increase with all the increase of God! Most cordial love awaits Mr.
C――, Mr. B――, Mr. D――, Mr. I――, or as many of them as are in
town. May all be helped, to give one and the same mighty gospel all-
powerful blast, till Jericho’s towering walls fall down before them.
Outward troubles, I am persuaded, await us. But in Jesus we shall
have peace. To his never-failing mercy I commend you and yours,
and all your near and dear connections. Brethren, pray for us; I know
you do. The Redeemer, in answer to your prayers, deals bountifully
with us. I am comforted on every side. Never less alone, than when
alone with my God. My anchor is cast within the veil. Though
detained in the Downs, I hope we are sailing towards our eternal
haven. Still help us forwards, and pray us back. Once more, God
bless you all! God bless the dear tabernacle society, bands and
classes, and all that come to hear a preached gospel under that
despised yet highly honoured roof. I am sure you will add, and God
bless him, who from his inmost soul subscribes himself,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.
 LETTER MCCCCXXXVIII.
To Mr. J――s.

On board the Friendship, in the Downs,

September 19, 1769.

My very dear Captain,

I WRITE a few lines at a venture, uncertain whether you are in town

or not. You see where they leave me; at our first baiting place.
Had not our Captain loitered at London last Lord’s-day, we might
have been out of the channel. But then perhaps I might have lost the
sale of some gospel goods at Gravesend market-place. I hope you,
and all my dear fellow labourers, will meet with thousands of
moneyless customers, who will come down to the price. Blessed
news for bankrupts!

Surely, O Christ, thy grace is free,

For, O my God, it found out me!

He is good to us on board. All are civil and studious to oblige. I am

glad of the third cabin passenger. The steerage ones are old
hearers, and in distress. Who knows what a trading voyage we may
have. When you write to Bristol, pray tell Miss B――ne to acquaint
Mr. G――n, that I am sorry I did not know who sent me the kind
present in so genteel a manner. He hath my grateful
acknowledgments. The young sailors have been a little sick. The
Steward is very handy. I am kept comfortable in soul and body. Pray
on, my dear friends, pray on. Remember our partings, our partings.
Surely they will never be forgotten by, my dearly beloved Captain,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.
 LETTER MCCCCXXXIX.
To Mr. B――s.

The Downs, on board the Friendship, Captain

Ball. September 19, 1769.

My dear old Friend,

T HOUGH my hands and heart were too full, to come and give you
personal thanks on shore, be pleased to accept my most
grateful acknowledgments for your kind present, and yet kinder
letter, now I am on board. I know your heart is formed for friendship,
and therefore some kind of trials of the affectionate kind, must make
such impressions, as persons of leaden souls and iron bodies, are
utter strangers to. What a mercy, that we have a compassionate
High-Priest to apply to, who is most sensibly touched with a feeling
of our infirmities!

He knows what sore temptations mean,

For he hath felt the same.

Courage therefore, my dear Sir, courage. Yet a little while, and he

that cometh will come, and will not tarry. In the mean while, may both
of us be enabled to sing,

O happy, happy rod,

That brought us nearer to our God.

I write this out of the fulness of my heart. Old friendship more than
revives. God bless you, and all your near and dear connections!
Through infinite mercy, this leaves me comforted on every side. I
want a thousand tongues to praise Him whose mercy endureth for
ever, and in whom I am, my very dear Sir,

Yours, &c. &c. &c.

G. W.

P. S. I should be glad if you would be pleased to send the Atlas to

Mr. K――n, woollen-draper, in the Minories. A ship goes soon to
Georgia.

LETTER MCCCCXL.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

On board the Friendship, off New-Romney,

September 26, 1769.

My very dear Friend,

M AN appoints, but an all-wise, all-gracious God disappoints.

Dear Mr. H――y guessed right. This day sevennight we
weighed anchor, and sailed, though very slowly, as far as Fair-Lee.
But for near five days we have been tossed by violent gales, and last
night, through infinite mercy, cast anchor off Dungenness and New-
Romney. The new sailors have been quite sick, but are now almost
recovered. I have felt very little, comparatively speaking, and have
been able to read, &c. &c. Had I known of having such a handy
Steward, I might have spared one hand; but what is, is best. In
God’s due time, the winds will have a commission to carry us on.
Satan doth not like this voyage. Pray on, pray on, my very dear
friends, and never fear. All shall work together for good to those who
love God. I wish you had advertised against the publisher of my last
sermon. It is not verbatim as I delivered it. In some places, he makes
me to speak false concord, and even nonsense. In others, the sense
and connection are destroyed, by the injudicious disjointed
paragraphs; and the whole is entirely unfit for the public review ¹. But
we must suffer by the false zeal of professing friends, as well as by
the inveterate malice of public avowed enemies. If one sentence is
blessed to the conviction and edification of any single individual, I
care not what becomes of my character, though there is no occasion
of bringing ourselves into needless contempt. I write this at a
venture; we see a boat approaching, and hope it will reach us. We
have put back: O that it may quicken friends to pray us forwards. We
are like a man of war that hath been out on a short cruise, and then
returned into harbour. What awaits us we know not. It is not fit we
should. God bless you all, my dear, very dear friends. I remember
your times of meeting at both ends of the town. Sea is sea, land is
land. The God whom we serve, is God of both. To his never-failing
mercy I commend you. Continue to do the same for, my very dear
friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

Off New-Romney, September 28.

S TILL we are prisoners. But blessed be God, prisoners of hope!

In God’s due time, the word of command will be, Go forward. I
am sadly off for want of white biscuit. But God will supply every
want. The boat is going, that came off with some eatables. Adieu.
Tender love to all. Blessed be God, all is well! Cease not to pray for,
my very dear friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.
¹ The very same censures are too justly applicable to the
volume of sermons, now published by Mr. Gurney, as Mr.
Whitefield’s.――Relying on the accuracy of the shorthand-
writer, and on the fidelity of the reverend gentleman who
was to revise the sermons, and on their joint regard for the
memory of Mr. Whitefield, his executors did agree to
recommend the intended publication, and promote its sale;
for which, a consideration was to be paid by Mr. Gurney,
to be applied by them, according to the tenor of Mr.
Whitefield’s Will. But on their receiving nine of the
sermons, (worked off) to their great surprise, they found
themselves, after perusal, unable to authenticate them,
either as to language or sentiments; therefore judged them
utterly unfit for publication, and told Mr. Gurney, that on no
consideration whatever, could they recommend them to
the public. The executors are extremely concerned on Mr.
Gurney’s account, as well as for the character of their late
worthy friend; and now wish that they had not rested with
the hearing only one half-sheet read to them, but had
insisted on seeing the whole Manuscript, and every sheet
from the press. However, though Mr. Gurney ought to
have stopped the press when first applied to, and although
the agreement was never signed by either of the parties,
the executors have repeatedly offered, that, besides
chearfully renouncing all advantages, they will pay
whatever expences Mr. Gurney hath been at in the affair,
and so take and burn the whole impression; as otherwise
the purchasers must be deceived, and the name of the
deceased sorely wounded.

LETTER MCCCCXLI.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

On board the Friendship, Captain Ball, in Five-

fathom Hole, about ten miles from Charles-Town,
 South-Carolina. November 30, 1769.

My dear Friend,

W E have had a long, and in several respects a trying passage.

Particulars expect by the packet, which the pilot says will sail
in two or three days. This day week we first saw land; came over the
bar the 28th instant, and should have been at Charles-Town that
evening, but our ship was too light to obey the helm. We had the
mortification of seeing ten sailing in before us, and we ever since left
in jeopardy. Surely Satan foresees some signal good attending this
voyage. In the midst of all, blessed be God, we have had plenty of
outward things; and I am in better health than at the end of any
voyage I have made for some years. Mr. Smith hath really behaved
well, and been very handy and attentive. The same may be said of
Mr. Winter. We have been like the three children in the fiery furnace.
But the Son of God hath been, and is (O amazing grace!) still with
us. Please to remember us to all concerned. Hoping soon to write
from on shore, and most earnestly praying, that grace, mercy and
peace, may be multiplied upon you all, I must hasten to subscribe
my old but true name, “The chief of sinners, less than the least of all
saints,” but

Your affectionate, obliged friend, and willing servant to all,

G. W.

Charles-Town, December 1.

B LESSED be God, a pilot-boat came yesterday along-side, and

brought us hither in safety to our unspeakable comfort in the
evening. Our reception as hearty or heartier than ever. Grace! grace!
The ship is not yet come up. Blessed be God, I am brave and well,
and am to preach this afternoon. Praise Him whose mercy endureth
for ever! We have been delivered out of great jeopardy. You will say
so, when you receive further particulars from, my dear friend,

Less than the least of all,

 G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXLII.
To Miss H――y.

Charles-Town, South-Carolina,
December 6, 1769.

Dear Madam,

S HALL I promise, and not perform? God forbid! You have one of
my first letters since our arrival. The long passage made shore
more agreeable. Miss H――y knows how to apply such an account.
All we meet with here, will be sweetly overruled to render heaven,
and a sight of Jesus in the heaven of heavens, more delightful. I am
in hopes, by this last week’s preaching, that some South-Carolina
souls are beginning to look heavenwards. Grace! grace! In a day or
two, God willing, we shall move to Bethesda. Mr. W――t is come to
meet me, and tells me all is in great forwardness there. Ere long the
top-stone of a building not made with hands will be brought forth.
How many of your beloved family will join the shout, crying, Grace,
grace unto it! Most cordial and due respects attend them all. God be
praised, heaven is in sight. Jesus is our pilot: he will steer us safe
over every bar; even over the last bar, Death. Then will we sing,

All our sorrows left below,

And earth exchang’d for heav’n.

O how good is it to bear the yoke in our youth! A glorious preparative

for a comfortable old age. That you and all your dear relatives, may
increase with all the increase of God, is the earnest prayer of, dear
Madam,
 Less than the least of all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXLIII.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

Charles-Town, December 9, 1769.

My very dear Friend,

I MMEDIATELY on our arrival, I sent you a letter by way of

Liverpool, and then promised you a particular and very explicit
letter by this packet: but it must be deferred a few days. So much
company crowds in, that together with my preaching every other day,
&c. &c. I have scarce the least leisure. Blessed be God, I have
already met with some fruits of my feeble labours in this place. An
earnest, I hope, of good things to come. To-morrow, I set off by water
to Georgia, the roads being almost impassable by land. Mr. Wright is
come to go with me, and acquaints me that all is in great
forwardness at Bethesda. How I am directed in respect to that
institution, you shall know hereafter. And glory be to a never-failing
God, an hereafter is drawing on apace, when we shall sing,

All our sorrows left below,

And earth exchang’d for heav’n.

I hope you and yours are helped to possess your souls in patience.
God bless and reward you! Grace, mercy, and peace be multiplied
upon you and yours! All join in sending due and cordial respects. O
give thanks unto the Lord, for his mercy endureth for ever. Brethren,
pray for us. Tender love to all. Your letter to me by Anderson, I have
not yet received. Blessed be God, I am in health. Grace! grace! The
packet is about to be closed. Other ships are almost ready to sail. By
one or all expect to hear again from, my very dear friend,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

LETTER MCCCCXLIV.
To Mr. R―― K――n.

Savannah, December 24, 1769.

My very dear Friend,

T HE bearer B―― F―― is the steward of the ship in which I

came over: a very handy useful man; to whom in a great
measure I owe the chief comfort of my voyage, as to eatables. He
hath had convictions at times, and longs to live ashore. If you can
serve him, do. I write this at my old friends Mr. Habersham’s. I am to
preach here this morning, and to-morrow, and purpose in a few days
to pay a visit to Charles-Town. Blessed be God, all things are in a
most promising way. But I am obliged to leave Mr. W――t behind, for
the work’s-sake. Mr. Smith goes with me. He is attentive, hath
behaved well, and been useful in the house. Never was I blessed
with so many proper industrious workmen and helpers before.
Grace! grace! Next Wednesday I am fifty-five years old. God be
merciful to me a sinner, a sinner, a sinner! As such, continue to pray,
my dear steady friend, for,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.
 LETTER MCCCCXLV.
To Mr. S―― S――.

Bethesda, January 11, 1770.

Dear Sir,

C AN I forget my dear, very dear old steady friend? rather let my

right hand forget her cunning. How are you? Still afflicted? still
in pain? still made to possess wearisome nights, and wearisome
days? Well, all will be over soon; soon, yea very soon shall we sing,

All our sorrows left below,

And earth exchang’d for heav’n.

This prospect gives songs in the night; this makes Georgia and
Bethesda to more than smile: and indeed you and yours would smile
too, were you to see what a lasting foundation is laying for the
support and education of many yet unborn. All admire the work
already done. In a few months the top-stone, I trust, will be brought
forth, with shouting, Grace! grace! In the mean while I must range
northward. I know who will follow me with their prayers; even you
and yours, whom I dearly love, and whom I salute much in the Lord.
God bless you all, for all kindnesses conferred upon, my very dear
friends,

Less than the least of all,

G. W.

If I thought you did not, or would not use your globes, I would beg
them for our infant library. The increase of this colony is almost
incredible. Real good, I trust, is doing; and a blessed door is opening
for Mr. W――’s usefulness. Blessed be God! Blessed be God!