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CRIME PREVENTION AND
SECURITY MANAGEMENT

Vietnamese
Organized Crime in
the Czech Republic
Miroslav Nožina · Filip Kraus
Crime Prevention and Security Management

Series Editor
Martin Gill
Perpetuity Research
Tunbridge Wells, UK
It is widely recognized that we live in an increasingly unsafe society,
but the study of security and crime prevention has lagged behind in its
importance on the political agenda and has not matched the level of
public concern. This exciting new series aims to address these issues
looking at topics such as crime control, policing, security, theft, workplace
violence and crime, fear of crime, civil disorder, white collar crime and
anti-social behaviour. International in perspective, providing critically
and theoretically-­informed work, and edited by a leading scholar in the
field, this series will advance new understandings of crime prevention and
security management.

More information about this series at

http://www.palgrave.com/gp/series/14928
 Miroslav Nožina • Filip Kraus

Vietnamese
Organized Crime
in the Czech Republic
Miroslav Nožina Filip Kraus
Institute of International Relations Sinophone Borderlands - Interaction at the
Praha, Czech Republic Edges, Department of Asian Studies
Faculty of Arts, Palacky University
Olomouc, Czech Republic

Crime Prevention and Security Management

ISBN 978-3-030-43612-4    ISBN 978-3-030-43613-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43613-1

© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether
the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and
transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar
or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication
does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant
protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use.
The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book
are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or
the editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any
errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Cover illustration: J Stromme / Alamy Stock Photo

This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG.
The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland
 Contents

1 Introduction  1

2 Theoretical Background, Research Methods and

Information Sources  5

3 Vietnamese Migration to the Czech Republic and the

Appearance of Vietnamese Criminal Networks 23

4 The World of the Vietnamese Diaspora in the CR 59

5 Vietnamese Criminal Activities in the Czech Republic 89

6 Conclusions137

B
 ibliography145

Index165

v
 About the Authors

Miroslav Nožina is a senior researcher at the Institute of International

Relations, Prague. He is specialised in social anthropology/cultural crimi-
nology and Southeast Asian Studies. His recent research focuses on
Vietnamese organised crime, geopolitics of drugs and wildlife crime.
Together with the below-mentioned studies published with Filip Kraus,
Nozina is the author of several other relevant books and articles, includ-
ing The World of Drugs in the Czech Lands (in Czech; KLP,
1997); International Organised Crime in the Czech Republic (in Czech;
Themis, 2003); “The Czech Republic: A Crossroads for Organised
Crime”. In: Cyrille Fijnaut & Letizia Paoli (Eds.), Organised Crime in
Europe. Concepts, Patterns and Control Policies in the European Union and
Beyond (Springer, 2004); “Organized Crime in the New EU States of
East Central Europe”. In: Henderson, Karen (Ed.), The Area of Freedom,
Security and Justice in the Enlarged Europe (Palgrave Macmillan, 2004);
“Crime Networks in Vietnamese Diasporas. The Czech Republic
Case”. Crime, Law, and Social Change (2010); “The Role of Vietnamese
Criminal Networks in Drug Crime. The Czech Republic Case”. In:
Petrus C. van Duyne, Tomáš Strémy, Jackie H. Harvey, Georgios
A. Antonopoulos, & Klaus von Lampe (Eds.), The Janus-­Faces of Cross
Border Crime in Europe (2018); “The Fate and Future of the Wildlife
Trade Regulatory Regimes: The Case of CITES and Rhino Horn
Trafficking”. In: Nik Hynek, Ondrej Ditrych, & Vit Stritecky (Eds.),
Regulating Global Security. Insights from Conventional and Unconventional
Regimes (Palgrave Macmillan, 2019).
vii
viii About the Authors

Filip Kraus is a senior researcher and a senior lecturer in the Department

of Asian Studies, Faculty of Art, Palacky University, Olomouc. He
obtained his doctoral degree at the Graduate Institute for Social Research
and Cultural Studies, National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan. His
research interests include social and cultural anthropology of Vietnamese
society; Vietnamese literature; Western critical philosophy; postcolonial
studies in contemporary Southeast Asia; Vietnamese migration and
international relations in the Southeast Asia.
He is a former policeman who was responsible for combating Vietnamese
organised crime at the Organised Crime Detection Unit of the Criminal
Police and Investigation Service, Police of the Czech Republic. He has
published a number of books, articles and lectures on these issues. Most
notably, he is a co-author of two monographs—Bosses, Soldiers, and Rice
Grains; Vietnamese Crime Networks in the Czech Republic and Their
International Dimension (2012) and Vietnamese Crime Networks in the
Czech Republic (2009).
 Abbreviations

CMEA Council of Mutual Economic Assistance

CR Czech Republic
CSO Czech Statistical Office (Český statistický úřad).
CSSR Czechoslovak Socialist Republic (Československá socialistická
republika)
EU European Union
GO-CR Government Office of the Czech Republic (Úřad vlády ČR).
HRW Human Rights Watch
ILO International Labour Organisation
ME-CEI Czech Environmental Inspectorate of the Ministry of
Environment (Česká inspekce životního prostředí Ministerstva
životního prostředí)
MF-GDC General Directorate of Customs of the Ministry of Finance of the
Czech Republic (Generální ředitelství cel Ministerstva financí České
republiky)
MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Czech Republic (Ministerstvo
zahraničních věcí České republiky)
MI Ministry of Interior of the Czech Republic (Ministerstvo vnitra
České republiky)
MWSA Ministry of Work and Social Affairs of the Czech Republic
(Ministerstvo práce a sociálních věcí České republiky)
NCA Nature Conservation Agency of the Czech Republic (Agentura
ochrany přírody a krajiny České republiky)

ix
x Abbreviations

OGD Observatoire géopolitique des drogues, Paris, France

PCR-FPS Police of the Czech Republic-Foreign Police Service (Policie
České republiky—Služba cizinecké policie)
PCR-NCAOC National Centre Against Organised Crime of the Criminal
Police and Investigation Service, Police of the Czech
Republic (Národní centrála proti organizovanému zločinu
Služby kriminální policie a vyšetřování Policie České republiky /
NCOZ SKPV PČR)
PCR-NDH National Anti-Drug Headquarters of the Criminal
Police and Investigation Service, Police of the Czech
Republic (Národní protidrogová centrála Služby kriminální
policie a vyšetřování Policie České republiky / NPC
SKPV PČR)
PCR-OCDU Organised Crime Detection Unit of the Criminal Police and
Investigation Service, Police of the Czech Republic (Útvar
pro odhalování organizovaného zločinu Služby kriminální
policie a vyšetřování Policie České republiky / UOOZ
SKPV PČR)
SIS Security Information Service (Bezpečnostní informační
služba / BIS)
VCS Vietnamese community sources
 1
Introduction

The study is a complex socio-anthropological analysis of the structures and

criminal activities of Vietnamese organised crime in the Czech Republic
(CR). The problem of Vietnamese criminality gained importance in recent
decades due to the formation of a strong Vietnamese diaspora and the
development of internationally based activities of Vietnamese criminal net-
works in many countries of the world. However, it remains weakly
researched due to its secretive nature, language and cultural barriers and the
tendency of many Vietnamese communities abroad to isolate themselves.
Composed as a case study, this book aims to broaden our knowledge of
Vietnamese organised crime and its function in society, especially in the CR.
Particularly since the reunification of Vietnam in 1975, we can see a
rise in the number of Vietnamese living, working and studying abroad.
Current estimations indicate that the Vietnamese diaspora abroad
includes 4 million people. Most of the Vietnamese emigrants are looking
for an opportunity to improve their lives and ensure better lives for their
children in the “new homeland”, or back home in Vietnam. However,
criminal activities connected to the local Vietnamese diaspora communi-
ties in host countries have been frequently registered as well. This fre-
quently leads to criminal stigmatisation of the whole Vietnamese diaspora.

© The Author(s) 2020 1

M. Nožina, F. Kraus, Vietnamese Organized Crime in the Czech Republic, Crime
Prevention and Security Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43613-1_1
2 M. Nožina and F. Kraus

For decades, the Vietnamese criminals have been easily crossing state
borders, creating networks and introducing new modi operandi of criminal
activities to the host countries. As a result, Vietnamese crime has become a
problem in the Southeast Asian countries, Australia, the United States,
Canada and the Russian Federation. Regarding Vietnamese organised
crime groups in the European Union (EU) countries, their presence was,
for example, recorded in the United Kingdom, France, Belgium, the
Netherlands. Germany, Poland, Slovakia, Hungary and the Czech Republic.
Vietnamese criminal networks, which are frequently active interna-
tionally, are engaged in a broad spectrum of criminal activities such as
human smuggling and the trade in human beings, managing the trade in
illicit commodities, money laundering, violations of customs and tax
laws, other forms of economic crime, violent crime, theft, counterfeiting
activities, trafficking in weapons, production of and trafficking in drugs,
wildlife crime and so forth.
In the Czech Republic, the Vietnamese diaspora has existed since the
1950s, and the number of its members has steadily grown, especially
since the 1989 Velvet Revolution. Currently, approximately 65,000 peo-
ple of Vietnamese origin are legally living in the country. It is the third
biggest Vietnamese diaspora in the EU countries, after those in France
and Germany.
Together with the new immigrants from Vietnam, new kinds of crime
have appeared in the CR as well. During the 1990s and 2000s, the
Vietnamese criminal networks fully developed their organisational struc-
ture within the diaspora and established the modi operandi of their crimi-
nal activities. Their bosses, who frequently merge together legal and
illegal activities, create parallel power structures within the Vietnamese
diaspora, and some of them were able to establish corrupt ties to the
Czech public administration.
In order to address the deficiency in the research of Vietnamese organ-
ised crime, the authors of this study carried out a research programme
that took place between 2007 and 2019 mainly at the Institute of
International Relations, Prague. Since 2019, Filip Kraus also carried his
own research that took place within the research project Sinophone
Borderland—Interactions at the Edges. Within the researches, several
 1 Introduction 3

questions about the structure of the Vietnamese criminal structures in

the CR, about the main criminal activities and modi operandi of those
structures and about their social role within the diaspora were addressed.
Also, the international ties of the Vietnamese organised crime and the
concept of criminal networks were analysed and socio-economic subjec-
tivization of migrants was studied.
The research analysis was based mainly on primary data: unpublished
reports and analyses, interviews with members of the security forces and
foreign services, or interviews with members of the Vietnamese diaspora
in both the CR and Vietnam. The research traced the history of the dias-
pora in the CR and highlighted the role of criminality and Vietnamese
organised crime in the diaspora’s everyday life, its social stratification and
its integration into the majority society. The study analysed the problem
from a broader perspective that included the situations in other coun-
tries, especially those in Central and Western Europe. In this sense, albeit
based on Czech materials, the analysis tried to understand the phenom-
enon of Vietnamese crime in a wider international context.
In the first part of the study, the establishment of the Vietnamese dias-
pora in the former Czechoslovakia under the communist regime’s super-
vision and the beginnings of the Vietnamese presence in the Czech
criminal underworld are discussed. In this part, the ability of Vietnamese
shadow businessmen and criminal delinquents to operate even in the
conditions of a closed totalitarian state in Central Europe is demon-
strated. The fundamental political, economic and social changes after
1989 paved the way for new waves of Vietnamese immigration and
allowed further penetration of Vietnamese organised crime into the
Vietnamese diaspora in the CR.
The Vietnamese migration is based on (1) legal principles, namely
exploiting gaps existing in the CR’s migration regimes; (2) semi-legal
principles, which merge legal and illegal activities together; and (3) illegal
principles such as using counterfeit documents, smuggling of people
across the green line or bribing local officials in order to legalise illegal
resident statuses. Various unlicenced and licenced individuals and agen-
cies play a crucial role in these processes. In the present text, special atten-
tion is paid to the role of labour and migrant agencies in these processes.
The second part focuses on the Vietnamese diaspora in the CR, its
everyday life, social stratification and the relations between the main
4 M. Nožina and F. Kraus

social figures of the diaspora. It is shown that the diaspora is a relatively

isolated social entity that consists of two components, the legal and illegal
ones. At the top, the two components are connected by a special figure,
the respected man and criminal boss. Besides this, the part attempts to
show that the legal and illegal components are living in a difficult sym-
biosis, where the contacts are quite frequent. Moreover, the illegal com-
ponent of the diaspora usually absorbs less successful members of the
legal component. Especially the laid-off migrant workers, who lost their
jobs because of the 2008 financial crisis and the consequent crisis that
followed, became an easy prey for the illegal component of the diaspora.
Outside of its own business, the illegal component serves as a repressive
apparatus within the diaspora.
The third part introduces the most common crimes committed within
the diaspora. A special attention is paid to the main modi operandi devel-
oped within the Vietnamese criminal networks’ activities. The socially
most dangerous crimes are those with a high degree of violence. Those are
the most visible, but hardly the most frequent crimes. Given the eco-
nomic nature of the diaspora, it is not surprising that economic crimes,
such as various types of tax evasion and money laundering, or smuggling
of goods, are ubiquitous. Also, people smuggling was quite widespread
during the 1990s. The trade in people and prostitution were less frequent
in the Vietnamese community, but those crimes still exist there in the
present. More popular criminal activities among the Vietnamese were the
illegal production of cigarettes and alcohol, and theft. But, since the
2000s, the trade in drugs became a serious problem within the diaspora
that is not easy to eradicate. It goes without mentioning that these are
serious problems both locally and in the international context.
In general, the structure of the Vietnamese criminal networks in the
Czech Republic, the spectrum of their criminal activities and their modi
operandi are similar to those we know from other countries of the
EU. However, due to the specific historical, economic and social condi-
tions in East-Central Europe, we can also identify some specific features
of the Vietnamese criminal networks there.
 2
Theoretical Background, Research
Methods and Information Sources

2.1 Theoretical Background

Especially during the last two decades, Vietnamese organised crime has
become highly developed in terms of its structures and modi operandi,
and it has deeply penetrated the societies of Asian diasporas. It became
obvious that the existing “traditional” research concepts of organised
crime are not sufficient to describe and analyse this phenomenon. Instead,
the concept of criminal networks was accepted for the purpose of
the study.
The data collected within the study, especially those collected in recent
years, suggest that the traditional image of organised crime (i.e. as crimi-
nal activities dominated by centrally controlled organisations with a
given hierarchy and a strict division of labour) is outdated. It appears that
a better portrayal of organised crime is one in which it is depicted as a
collection of offenders and criminal groups that collaborate with each
other in varying combinations (Bruinsma and Bernasco 2004: 79).
According to this concept, criminal organisations have characteristics
that are common to other social networks but are also different in many
ways due to the fact that they are criminal businesses. They should

© The Author(s) 2020 5

M. Nožina, F. Kraus, Vietnamese Organized Crime in the Czech Republic, Crime
Prevention and Security Management, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-43613-1_2
6 M. Nožina and F. Kraus

therefore be studied as special kinds of social networks, more specifically,

as criminal networks. To support this idea, there emerged a growing
number of empirical evidences which suggest that social network analyses
could be used to get a better understanding of the organised crime that
can be detected in the Vietnamese diaspora living in the Czech Republic
(Lupsha 1983; Reuter 1986; Sparrow 1991; Canter and Alison 2000;
Coles 2001; Klerks 2001; Williams 2001; Lemieux 2003; Raab and
Milward 2003; Chatterjee 2006; Morselli et al. 2006; Morselli 2009;
Schwartz and Rouselle 2009; van der Hulst 2009; Spapens 2010;
Bouchard and Amiraut 2013; Hobbs 2013).
According to Finckenauer and Chin (2007), who applied the criminal
networks’ concept to Asian organised crime, it is important to differenti-
ate genuine “traditional” Asian organised crime from criminal networks.
The main difference between the two is that “traditional” crime groups
are pre-existing patterns, but concrete crime networks are developed in
response to concrete criminal opportunities. The “traditional” crime
groups (such as the triads, the yakuza, the chao pho or the geondal) are
formalised, rather rigorous groups based on traditional forms—they have
their own name, an established “turf ”, a certain continuity, a relatively
stable hierarchical structure and a restricted membership. These groups
often use violence to monopolise their illegal markets, some of them have
been in existence for centuries, and they are most likely to continue to
exist in the future.
In contrast, contemporary diasporic Asian crime networks are
developed in and shaped by the social environment in the Asian emigrants’
host countries. They usually develop in response to specific criminal
opportunities, and their members (participants) are involved in organ-
ised criminal activities on an ad hoc basis. They do not have a fixed group
name, a territory or a rigid structure. They are highly flexible, and their
members act like, and view themselves as, opportunistic businesspeople
rather than violent gangsters. Very often, a nuclear or an extended family
initiates an operation in response to a new opportunity. Moreover, it is
often the case that people from the same village or region or at least from
the same ethnic group are recruited to participate as members of a net-
work that may dissolve after the criminal operation it was created for is
successfully carried out (Finckenauer and Chin 2007: 13–14, 19). These
 2 Theoretical Background, Research Methods and Information… 7

criminal networks have dominated Asian crime operations in recent years

(Zhang and Chin 2003; Finckenauer and Chin 2007: 14).
The conditions in the Vietnamese diaspora are favourable for the
development of criminal networks and their activities. Similarly to other
diasporas in the world, we can identify various crime risk factors: (1)
language and culture barriers; (2) the migrants’ problematic relations
with the mainstream societies, which cause the isolation of the diaspora
and the creation of parallel power structures ruling the diaspora life; (3)
unsatisfied expectations of a distinctive enriching life in a tolerant host
country; (4) a return movement accompanied by the emigrants’ feeling of
“temporariness” in the host country, which leads to exploitative behav-
iour regardless of the limits of the law; (5) the maintaining of the family,
regional and ethnic bonds between the citizens in the home country and
the members of the diaspora, which supports the expansion of criminal
activities internationally; (6) the poorly managed migration regimes in
combination with various illegal activities that push the migrants into a
debt trap, which frequently leads to economic overexploitation of the
migrants and their involvement in alternative activities with a possibility
of high incomes, that is, crime, and so forth (Cohen 2001: 26, 180–187;
Nožina 2010a: 231–232; Kraus 2013: 26).
In the case of the Vietnamese diaspora in the CR, we argue that the
function of criminal networks there and their co-existence with other
members of the diaspora are mainly based on the Vietnamese traditional
“village mentality” and emigrants’ exploitation strategies being trans-
ferred to the Western cultural space combined with traditional patterns
of Asian criminal societies.
When describing the Vietnamese traditional mentality, Hickey (1964:
276–278) mentions a homogeneity in social expectations characterised
by a strong motivation for trying to obtain economic gains, a strong self-­
consciousness, disregarding (if not disdaining) the outside world, and an
accent on family and social bonds. A traditional Vietnamese considers
himself not as an independent individual but as a component within a
system of relationships: as a member of the family, and of the village, or
in the case of criminals, a member of the criminal gang (Nožina 2000b:
21). The Vietnamese researcher Le Xuan Khoa tells us: “The tendency of
Indochinese refugees to cluster together and to form community
8 M. Nožina and F. Kraus

organisations can be traced back to a traditional pattern of behaviour

common to all agrarian societies in Southeast Asia”. Individualism,
which, in a sense, is the foundation of Western, especially American, soci-
ety, is to the Vietnamese “…something inconceivable, because his pri-
mary sense of identity is so indissolubly a component within a broader,
collective ego structure”, that is, the totality of a family or social unity.
This phenomenon is further strengthened in a linguistically and cultur-
ally different environment, as the Western world is for the Indochinese
newcomers. “Being cut off from their families, villages and countries”,
writes Le, “Indochinese refugees feel an urgent need to cluster together
and to form community organisations as secondary sources of security”.
Some writers call it the “village mentality” (ibid.).
Another strong phenomenon is the feeling of “transitoriness” of the
Vietnamese emigrants’ phases of life in the host countries, particularly in
the first generation of migrants. It supports exploitation strategies directed
towards gaining maximal profit as soon as possible—frequently regardless
of the limits of law. We argue that the “transitoriness” is fictive in many
aspects.
The “village mentality” and exploitation strategies definitely extend to
the criminal fringe—and thus, they are the foundation not only of
Vietnamese communities in Europe but also of Vietnamese criminal net-
works or organised crime groups. Due to their “ideological proximity”,
the legal (civilian) branches and criminal branches are not isolated com-
ponents of the diaspora, but closely related subgroups cooperating and
competing at the same time. Moreover, a broad shadow zone of semi-­
legal and illegal activities exists between them.
In the diasporic life, organised crime exists in a specific symbiosis with
the local Vietnamese communities, where one can identify both “classi-
cal” organised crime structures, represented by professional criminal
delinquents and gangs, and broader criminal surroundings composed of
occasional delinquents. These two components are connected and create
criminal networks in response to criminal business opportunities. Also,
the modi operandi of concrete criminal business activities frequently
reflect the duality of “legal/illegal” and give specific features to the
Vietnamese criminal businesses.
 2 Theoretical Background, Research Methods and Information… 9

The key actors who connect the legal and illegal elements of the
diasporas are “respectable men”—strong personalities acting as both legal
businessmen and criminal bosses—who make use of considerable eco-
nomic power and maintain corruption networks, patron-client ties, and
groups of criminal delinquents. As such, the “respectable men” create
parallel power structures that enforce their will within the diaspora and
they are respected for their ability to “mediate” disputes among the dias-
pora members.
Not only economic pressure and expected profits but also a solidarity
born from the village mentality and the complicated network of mutual
“gratitudes”, while rejections of a request for a counter-service for a
respectable man are not frequent in Vietnamese communities, are the
motion behind the engagement of diaspora members (who are basically
without criminal backgrounds) in criminal activities organised by these
strong men. The roles of various criminal delinquents and violent gangs
in the scheme of Vietnamese diasporic life and the roots of the tolerance
of a criminal underground within the diaspora are clearly visible in the
light of these facts.
This interpenetration makes the situation more complicated and allows
for further intrusion of criminal networks into Vietnamese communities.
Many criminal activities are just cubes in a complicated mosaic of the
Vietnamese diaspora’s life. One of the main problems in combatting the
Vietnamese organised crime is the inability of security forces to separate
the “legal” and the “criminal” components within the diaspora. The
“stage of ambiguity” frequently leads to the criminal stigmatisation of
whole ethnic communities, and also to an inability to trace the criminal
activities, especially in their transnational dimension.
To answer the question of the role of criminal networks in the
Vietnamese diaspora, we argue that legal and illegal activities are in a
dialectical unity in Vietnamese communities. The necessity to break this
unity is the main condition for efficient suppression of the Vietnamese
criminal activities within the diaspora.
10 M. Nožina and F. Kraus

2.2 Research Methods

and Informational Sources
There are numerous high-quality studies on the problem of the Vietnamese
diaspora in the world (Viviani 1984; Kibria 1993; Coughlan 1998;
Dorais 2000, 2005; Rutledge 2000; Mazyrin 2004; Blanc 2005; Thomas
2005; Sims 2007). In the EU countries, the problem has been studied
especially in Germany (Fritsche 1991; Bui 2003; Wolf 2007), France
(Gilles 2004), Poland (Grzymala-Kazlowska 2002; Halik and Nowicka
2002; Iglicka 2005a, b; Halik 2006; Dang 2011) and the Czech Republic
(Vasiljev 1989; Nguyen Tung 2001; Brouček 2002, 2003a, 2003b;
Martínková 2010; Martínková and Pechová 2010; Martínková et al.
2012; Kušniráková et al. 2013). The majority of the studies discuss the
economic, social and cultural aspects of Vietnamese migration and the
diasporas’ everyday life in general, while almost exclusively focusing on
the legal component of the diaspora.
The problem of Vietnamese criminality has been less analysed, even
though many security reports and studies have mentioned the problem in
various contexts and various countries in recent years (Parliament of
Australia 1995; Adamoli et al. 1998; Emmers 2002; Helfand 2003;
Siegel-Rozenblit 2011; OCTA 2011; Bąkowski 2013; Europol 2013,
2018; FBI 2014, etc.). In relation to Vietnamese crime, the majority of
the criminological studies focus on specific criminal activities such as ille-
gal migration (Okólski 1999), the trade in drugs (OGD Report 1998;
Silverstone and Savage 2010; Schoenmakers et al. 2012, 2013; Hai
Thanh Luong 2014, 2017), the trade in cigarettes (von Lampe 1999,
2005), delinquency as a general phenomenon (Zhou and Bankston III
2006) and Vietnamese gangs (English 1995; Kleinknecht 1996; Du
Phuoc Long and Richard 1997; Nye 2006). Vietnamese criminal net-
works and the constitutive role of illegal undergrounds within the
Vietnamese diaspora are discussed rather marginally in this context
(Cross 1989; Hai Thanh Luong 2014).
In the Czech Republic, the problem of Vietnamese criminality was
formerly studied in the broader context of the topic of international
organised crime penetrating the Czech Republic’s territory during its
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 CHAPTER XIV
UNGENTLEMANLIKE BEHAVIOR OF JIM
LASCELLES

JIM LASCELLES continued his labors. He arrived at Hill Street each

morning at ten, and worked with diligence until two p.m. Urged by
the forces within him, and sustained by the injudicious counsel of his
mother, he devoted his powers to the yellow hair, in spite of the fact
that by the terms of his commission it was his duty to copy the
auburn.
About three days after the dance he was interrupted one morning by
Lord Cheriton. Jim was feeling rather depressed. For one thing his
conscience smote him. He had deliberately risked the loss of a sum
of money which he could not afford to lose; and further, it was most
likely that he was about to offer an affront to his only patron. The
more work he put into the picture, the more marked became the
difference between it and the original. Again, and this perhaps was
an equally solid reason for his depression, this morning the Goose
Girl had forsaken him. She had gone for a ride in the park with her
duke.
Doubtless Cheriton was sharing Jim’s depression. At least, when he
entered the drawing-room to inspect the labors of his protégé, a
countenance which, as a general rule, made a point of exhibiting a
scrupulous amiability, was clouded over.
Cheriton’s scrutiny of Jim’s labors was long and particular.
“I invite you to be frank with me, Lascelles,” said he. “Is this a copy of
the Dorset, or is it a portrait of a living person?”
By nature Jim was a simple and ingenuous fellow. But really his
present predicament was so awkward that he did not know what
reply to make.
“Some of it is Gainsborough,” said Jim, lamely, “and some of it, I am
afraid, is nature.”
“I am sorry to say, my dear Lascelles,” said Cheriton, judicially, “that I
cannot accept that as an adequate answer to a straightforward
question.”
“No, it is not a very good answer,” Jim agreed.
Suddenly his jaw dropped and he burst into a queer laugh.
“The fact is, Lord Cheriton,” said Jim, “I am in a hole.”
Cheriton regarded Jim in a highly critical manner.
“Yes, Lascelles,” said he, slowly. “I think you are.”
“A hole,” Jim repeated with additional emphasis, as if he desired to
gain confidence from a frank statement of his trouble.
Jim’s odd face seemed to appeal for a little sympathy, but not a
suggestion of it was forthcoming.
“What can a fellow do?” said Jim, desperately. “She will come and sit
here on that sofa in a better light than the duchess. The sun of the
morning will shine upon her; and when Nature comes to handle pink
and white and blue and yellow she has a greater magic than ever
Gainsborough had.”
Cheriton shook his head with magisterial solemnity.
“Lascelles,” said he, “you have a very weak case. And I feel bound to
say that the manner in which you present it does not, in my opinion,
make it stronger.”
“I expect not,” said Jim, ruefully. “But dash it all, what is a fellow to do
if she will come and sit on that sofa and pose like Romney’s Emma?”
“His duty is absolutely clear to my mind, and I think it is simple. He
should order the intruder out of the room.”
“Oh yes, I know,” said Jim, “that is what a really strong chap would
do.” Jim gave a groan. “I know that is what a Velasquez or a
Rembrandt would have done. And he would have cursed her like
fury for sitting there at all.”
“Yes, I think so,” said the mellifluous Cheriton. “Rembrandt
especially. In my opinion, Rembrandt would have shaken his fist at
her.”
“That is the worst of being a mediocrity,” said Jim, gloomily. “It takes
a chap with enormous character to do these things.”
“I am afraid, Lascelles, the plea of mediocrity will do nothing for you.
If anything, it weakens your case. Personally, if I were advising you I
should say either put in a plea of consummate genius or do not put
in a plea at all.”
“I am not such a fool as to believe that I’m a genius,” said Jim, with
excellent frankness.
“I am not such a fool as to believe you are either,” said Cheriton, with
a frankness that was equally excellent. “And therefore, examining
your conduct with all the leniency the circumstances will permit, I am
unable to find any palliation for it. I fear my old friend Lady
Crewkerne is much annoyed—forgive my plainness, Lascelles, but I
feel it to be necessary—by your intrepidity in copying her niece
instead of her Gainsborough; and I, as an old friend of the house,
feel bound to share her disapproval.”
“Rub it in, Lord Cheriton,” said Jim.
He stuck his hands in his pockets and began to whistle softly with an
air of supreme discomfiture.
“Yes, Lascelles, I intend to do so. In fact, I find it difficult to say all
that I should like to do upon the subject, without actually saying more
than one who was at school with your father would feel it desirable to
say to a young man who has his own way to make in the world.”
“Say just as much as you like,” said Jim. “I know I have made an ass
of myself. And of course I haven’t a leg to stand on, really. And I
expect the old cat will have me on the carpet too.”
Cheriton dropped his eyeglass with an air of dignified agitation.
“I beg your pardon, Lascelles,” said he. “To whom do you refer?”
“To that damned old woman!” said Jim Lascelles, with an unabashed
air.
“Can it be possible that you refer to Caroline Crewkerne, my oldest
friend?”
“I mean the aunt of Nature’s immortal work,” said Jim, coolly. “I really
can’t help it; I feel that I must curse somebody this morning. And as
she is bound to curse me, I don’t see why I shouldn’t curse her.”
“Your habit of explanation, Lascelles, is decidedly unfortunate.”
“Well, tell me the worst, Lord Cheriton. I suppose you withdraw your
offer; and I am to be bundled out neck and crop with my canvas and
forbidden to come here again?”
“I certainly withdraw my offer. In regard to prohibition of the house
that, of course, rests entirely with my old friend, of whom you have
spoken in a singularly disrespectful—and shall I say
ungentlemanlike?—manner.”
“I couldn’t help it,” said Jim, humbly. “It has done me good to say it.
But, of course, I’m in the wrong altogether.”
“You are, undoubtedly. To my mind, you are more in the wrong than
one could have judged possible for a young man of your character,
upbringing, and attainments to be.”
“If a confounded girl,” said Jim, “will make a practice of coming into
this room continually to ask you what your opinion is of her hat and
her frock, and whether you have ever tasted cream buns and pink
ices, and whether you think Muffin’s mauve was as nice as her lilac
is——”
“My dear Lascelles,” interrupted Cheriton, “your habit of explanation
is really most unfortunate.”
“Well, kick me out and my canvas too,” said Jim, desperately, “and
have done with it.”
Jim Lascelles, like the rash and hasty fellow that he was, feeling
himself to be irretrievably disgraced and that he had forfeited forever
the respect and good-will of his only patron, proceeded to pack up
his brushes and his pigments.
“The former part of your suggestion, Lascelles, is much the simpler
matter of the two. But in the matter of the half-finished canvas I
foresee difficulty.”
“You have repudiated it, haven’t you?” said Jim, rather fiercely.
“Unquestionably as a copy of the Dorset. But all the same, I do not
think it can be permitted to leave this house.”
“Why not, Lord Cheriton?”
“It is an unauthorized portrait of my ward, Miss Perry, who at present
is in statu pupillari.”
“Ye-es,” said Jim, dubiously, “I suppose it is. All the same, it is rather
rough on a chap. I have put a lot of work into that picture.”
“I can see you have, Lascelles.”
“And of course,” said Jim, injudiciously, “I should like to put a lot
more work into it. It is such a fine subject.”
“The subject is much too fine, Lascelles, if I may venture an opinion.
My advice to you is, burn the canvas and forget that it ever existed.”
No pity was taken on Jim’s blank consternation.
“Burn it!” cried Jim, aghast.
“I am afraid if you don’t, my dear Lascelles, Lady Crewkerne will.”
“But she has no right——” said Jim, fiercely.
“I am afraid, my dear fellow, her right is not to be contested. In my
view, this half-finished canvas is much more her property than it is
yours.”
“Well,” said Jim, apprehensively, “I shall remove it at once to my
studio.”
Cheriton had dropped his little bombshell. The gyrations of his victim,
whom he had fully alarmed, seemed to afford him a great deal of
pleasure.
“Let us take it a little easier, my dear fellow,” said he. “I agree with
you that it would be a great pity to destroy such an extremely
promising work of art. Let us seek for an alternative.”
“The only alternative I can see,” said Jim, “is that I should remove it
at once.”
“In its half-finished state? That would be a pity.”
“Well, I don’t mean it to be burnt if I can help it,” said Jim.
During the pause which followed Jim looked highly perplexed, not a
little disconcerted, and also somewhat belligerent.
“I have a suggestion to make to you, Lascelles,” said his patron. “In
the circumstances I think it is quite the most you can hope for.”
“I shall be happy to consider it, Lord Cheriton,” said Jim, with a rueful
smile.
“In the first place, it seems to me that the best thing I can do is to get
the permission of Lady Crewkerne for you to finish the portrait of her
niece. Now, I warn you it may not be easy. As I think you have
conjectured, she is a difficult member of a most difficult sex. But I am
only prepared to do this upon one definite condition.”
“What is it?” asked Jim, in a tone that was not very hopeful.
“The condition must be this, Lascelles,” said Cheriton, with a very
businesslike air. “As you have treated me so abominably—I regret
exceedingly that candor compels me to use the term—if I obtain
permission for you to complete your portrait of Miss Perry, I shall
insist upon being allowed to purchase it upon my own terms.”
“Yes,” said Jim, “that is only fair.”
It seemed to him that things were taking a much more favorable
course than he could have hoped for.
“If I can obtain permission for you, Lascelles, to complete that
picture, and you finish it in the manner you have begun it, it will be a
pleasure to hang it at Cheriton House.”
Jim Lascelles was touched by the kindness of his patron.
“I didn’t quite see my way, Lord Cheriton,” said he, with admirable
simplicity, “to offer you an apology for my rotten behavior, because
you know you did rub it in, but I am going to now. And I hope you’ll
accept it, because you’ve been so kind to me—much kinder to me
than you ought to have been, really.”
“Yes, Lascelles,” said Cheriton, impartially, “I am inclined to take that
view myself. But your father was good to me at school; and you are
young, and you have talent, and you have a great subject to work
upon, and I can’t help feeling that it would be a pity if you lost the
opportunity which, in a sense, you have already had the wit to
create. Mind, Lascelles, I don’t excuse you in the least. I palliate
nothing; take your conduct all round it has been abominable; but in
my humble judgment, had it been more correct than it has been I
personally should not take such a hopeful view of your future. For
you have conformed to my fundamental belief that all the men who
are worth anything must begin by breaking the rules. Although have
the goodness to remember, my dear Lascelles, when you come to
breaking the rules be careful how you do it, for it is very easy to get
expelled the school. And should that happen—well, of course, you
are done for unless you are able to found a school of your own.”
Jim Lascelles forbore to smile at this piece of didacticism. He was
very full of gratitude. The old blighter had behaved so much more
nicely than he need have done.
“If only I had genius,” said Jim, “I would give up my days to the
fashioning of the most absolute masterpiece that ever adorned the
walls of Cheriton House.”
“You remember Carlyle’s definition?” said the owner thereof.
“Carlyle was an old fool.”
“That was always my opinion. And I once had the privilege of telling
him so, and, what is more, the noisy fellow admitted it. Doubtless
what he meant to express by his definition was the fact that Genius
is perfect submission to the Idea.”
“Well, here goes for perfect submission to the Idea,” said Jim
Lascelles.
He took up his brush and his palette, and gave a very deft touch to
the vestments of Miss Perry.
“Do you like my new riding-habit?” said a perfectly ludicrous drawl
coming in through the door.
Jim Lascelles made a gesture of despair. He kept his back turned
upon the new riding-habit resolutely.
“Dear me!” said Cheriton, “Artemis.”
“Isn’t it silly?” said Miss Perry. “They don’t like you to jump the
railings in Rotten Row.”
“What is the source of your information?” inquired my lord.
“Gobo says so,” said Miss Perry.
“Put not your faith in that man, my dear Miss Goose,” said Cheriton,
mellifluously. “It is only because he is afraid of taking a toss.”
“But they have got po-lice-men,” said Miss Perry, impressively.
There can be no reasonable doubt that in her new riding-habit Miss
Perry looked perfectly distracting. Lord Cheriton was certainly of that
opinion. As for Jim Lascelles, he waved her away from him with
great energy.
“That is the sort of thing,” said he, with an appeal for sympathy and
protection.
“Miss Goose,” said Lord Cheriton, “Mr. Lascelles has made a serious
indictment against you.”
“Has he?” said Miss Perry, opening very large, very round, and very
blue eyes upon Jim.
“Mr. Lascelles complains,” said Cheriton, with paternal severity, “that
while he is assiduously engaged in copying that famous portrait of
your great-grandmamma, you persist in coming into this room in your
smartest gowns; in sitting in the middle of that sofa; in absorbing the
best light; in posing in a manner that no really sensitive painter can
possibly resist; with the melancholy result that you literally force him
to paint you instead of your great-grandmamma, quite, as he
assures me, against his rational judgment and his natural
inclination.”
“Oh, I don’t mind at all,” said Miss Perry, with charming friendliness.
“It made me rather tired at first holding my chin like this, but at the
end of an hour I always get a cream bun.”
“At the end of an hour you always get a cream bun! Do you indeed?”
“Yes,” said Miss Perry, “small ones, but they are almost as nice as
the large ones.”
“I hope, Lascelles,” said Cheriton, “you have something to offer by
way of extenuation?”
“Well, what can a fellow do?” said Jim, desperately. “What with the
sun stuck up there, and this pink and white and blue and yellow
arrangement. As for the chin—well, if a chin will curve like that it
must take the consequences.”
Cheriton was shocked.
“Say as little as possible, Lascelles, I entreat you,” said he. “Your
case is hopeless. But I feel bound to say this. Since we have had
this astounding allegation of the cream buns, without probing the
matter to the depths, which I am really afraid to do, I must say your
future as a painter seems more roseate than ever.”
“Thank you, Lord Cheriton,” said Jim, modestly.
“But in regard to your future as a human being, as a unit of society, I
prefer to exercise a wise discretion which will take the form of saying
nothing whatever upon the subject.”
“Thank you, Lord Cheriton,” said Jim again.
Jim Lascelles then turned his gaze upon Miss Perry. It was of such
singular resolution that it seemed as if it sought to hypnotize that
irresponsible person to maintain the semblance of discretion.
“If you will go and put on that new frock,” said he, in a manner that
Cheriton was forced to regard as effrontery, “we can get just an hour
before luncheon, and then to-morrow you will start a cream bun in
hand.”
The prospect offered seemed sufficiently enticing to Miss Perry.
“That will be awfully nice.”
She left the room with great cheerfulness.
Cheriton regarded Jim Lascelles with that paternal air which he was
wont to assume rather frequently towards the world in general.
“Lascelles,” said he, “I shall have to revise my estimate of your
attainments. It is becoming increasingly clear to my mind that you
may go far.”
“Gillet said if I applied myself,” said Jim, without immodesty, “I might
be able one day to paint a portrait.”
“Gillet’s opinion is valuable,” said Cheriton, with the air of one who
set a higher value upon his own opinion than he did upon that of
Gillet. He examined Jim’s work very critically. “Yes,” he said, “I
recognize your possibilities. You have had the wit to find a subject,
and I am hopeful that the artist will prove entirely worthy of it.”
Jim’s face expressed his pleasure. After all, he had the talent and
ambition of every honest craftsman.
“Lascelles,” said his patron, “may I give you a word of advice?”
Jim expressed himself gratified at the prospect of receiving it.
“It is this,” said Cheriton, slowly. “You must get into the habit of
charging more for your pictures.”
“I hope I shall be able to,” said Jim. “But times are hard, and it is
uphill work for a man without a reputation.”
“I appreciate that. But I heard you spoken of as the coming man the
other night, and I see no reason why you shouldn’t confirm the
prediction.”
“If only I had a little more talent,” said Jim.
“If only you had a little more faith in it, Lascelles. It is the faith that is
so necessary, as every artist tells us.”
“I suppose so. Yet all the same, I wish the fairies had been a little
kinder.”
“I am of opinion that they have been sufficiently kind to the man who
could pose that head and put that hair upon canvas. But what I
wanted particularly to say to you is this. My friend Kendal intends to
ask you to paint a portrait of his daughter Priscilla.”
Jim Lascelles was thrilled by this announcement.
“That is awfully good of him,” said he, “and awfully good of you, Lord
Cheriton.”
“Perhaps I have the more genuine title to your gratitude,” said
Cheriton, amiably, “because, as far as Kendal is concerned, he is
one of those undiscerning and sluggish fellows who always prefer to
take some one else’s opinion rather than form one of their own. I told
him you were the man to paint his daughter Priscilla, and he was
only too glad to have my word for it. And I am by no means sure you
are not.”
Jim Lascelles was at a loss to know how to express his sense of
obligation, particularly as he could not help feeling that he did not
merit such kindness.
“I wish now,” said he, “I hadn’t behaved so badly.”
“The worst of any sort of bad behavior,” said Cheriton, sententiously,
“is that it carries such a heavy premium. But no matter. The chief
thing is to behave well to my friend Kendal. Paint his daughter
Priscilla to the best of your ability, and be careful to charge him five
hundred guineas.”
Jim was staggered.
“Five hundred guineas!” said he. “Why, he will never pay it. He could
get an absolute first rater for that sum.”
Cheriton smiled sagaciously.
“Doubtless he could,” said he, “and if my friend Kendal pays five
hundred guineas he will consider he’s got one. When I come to
examine your masterpiece on the wall of his gloomy and draughty
dining-room in Yorkshire, I shall say, ‘Kendal, that picture of Priscilla
appears to be an uncommonly sound piece of work.’ And he will say
as proud as you please, ‘I should think it was, my dear fellow. That
young chap Lascelles turned out absolutely first rate. He charged
five hundred guineas for that picture. I am telling everybody.’”
Jim Lascelles found his good fortune a little difficult to accept.
Further, he seemed to be rather troubled by it.
“I hope it is quite fair to Lord Kendal,” he said, “to charge him five
hundred guineas for a picture I should be only too glad to paint for
fifty?”
Cheriton was amused.
“My dear Lascelles,” said he, “simplicity is greatly to be desired in
art, but it is well not to take it into the market-place. There is the man
with whom you are doing business to be considered. If my friend
Kendal paid fifty guineas for the picture of his daughter Priscilla, he
would think exactly ten times less of it than if he paid five hundred;
and instead of hanging it in his dining-room in the worst possible
light, he would hang it in one of the smaller bedrooms in a very much
better one.”
Cheriton’s homily was interrupted at this point by the return of Miss
Perry. In her Gainsborough gown which she had worn at the fancy
ball, and in her “incredible” hat, which by some miracle had been
clapped on at just the right angle, she looked more distracting than
any human creature ought really to do. She seated herself in the
middle of the sofa with great composure, tilted her chin to the light of
the morning, and folded her hands in her lap with almost the air of a
professional.
“Out for blood,” said Jim, approvingly.
“Lascelles,” said Cheriton, “I am almost afraid this means a large
one.”
“Yes,” said Jim, “I am a poor and obscure painter, but this zeal to
serve the arts really merits encouragement.”
“Perhaps, Lascelles,” said Cheriton, “if Buszard is sincerely
interested in art, as one feels sure he must be, he might be induced
to make a reduction upon the large ones if you contracted for a
quantity.”
Jim Lascelles was frankly delighted with the pose, and worked very
happily. He was in high spirits. Thanks to his patron’s generosity, he
had got out of his difficulty far more easily than he could have hoped
to have done. His future prospects had also taken a sudden and
remarkable turn for the better. Yet, apart from these considerations,
his subject fired him. As he worked during this precious hour he felt
that his execution had never had such boldness, freedom, and
authenticity.
Cheriton watched his protégé with approval. As a critic he was
sufficiently accomplished to detect great possibilities in Jim’s
method. Here might be a genuine trouvaille, if the young fellow only
had thoroughness as well as courage.
Miss Perry had not moved her chin once for nearly an hour, so that
she felt her guerdon was as good as earned; Jim Lascelles had
yielded for the same period to a genuine inspiration; and Cheriton
sat at his ease, watching with every outward sign of satisfaction the
fair fruits which were springing from his liberal treatment of the
artistic temper, when this harmony of sitter, painter, and patron was
gravely imperiled by the entrance of a little fat dog. As usual, he
heralded the approach of an old woman leaning upon an ebony
stick.
No sooner had the old woman entered the blue drawing-room than
she stood dumfounded with amazement. And yet there is reason to
believe that this attitude was in some measure assumed. Jim
Lascelles continued to ply his brush in blissful ignorance of her
presence; Miss Perry, for political reasons, continued strictly to
maintain her pose. Cheriton, however, put up a solemn forefinger.
Nevertheless, signs were not wanting that the mistress of the house
was about to disregard his warning.
“Ssssh, Caroline!” said he.
“What, pray, is the meaning of this?” demanded the old lady.
“This is a most critical stage,” said Cheriton. “Three minutes more
and I shall invite you to speak with freedom.”
“Tell me,” snorted the old lady. “Why is that girl sitting there in that
manner in the gewgaws of a play-actress?”
“Sssh, Caroline! Don’t you see?”
The perfect composure of the fair sitter, and the fact that she chose
to remain deaf, dumb, and blind to the intruder, seemed to
exasperate that autocrat.
“Tell me, girl, what is the meaning of it?” she stormed.
She beat the carpet with the ebony walking-stick.
“Move not the Chin Piece, the Young Man said,” Jim whispered.
The filmy, far-away look continued in the eyes of Miss Perry. She
paid heed to none.
Cheriton continued to elevate his forefinger very gravely.
“Sssh, Caroline!” said he. “One short and brief minute more. The
whole situation is most critical.”
“Is the creature hypnotized?”
“Yes, she is undoubtedly.”
“Who gave permission for her to sit for her portrait? In those fal-lals,
too.”
“Nature gave her permission, amiable old Dame Nature. She
couldn’t refuse it.”
“I forbid it,” said Caroline, with all the energy of which she was
capable. “It is disgraceful. It shall not go on.”
Then it was that Miss Perry ventured to say something.
“Large cream bun to-morrow morning, please,” said she.
“Is it an hour?” said Jim Lascelles. “Dear me! how time flies! One can
hardly believe it.”
“Girl,” said the old lady, “I demand an explanation.”
As Miss Perry seemed to have no explanation to offer, Cheriton
came to her aid.
“The truth is,” said he, in honeyed tones, “my distinguished young
friend Lascelles is the victim of a very natural error. My idea was, of
course, Caroline, as you are aware, that he should come here to
copy your Gainsborough, but it would appear that he has put another
interpretation upon his mandate. And I feel bound to confess that I
for one cannot blame him.”
Caroline Crewkerne, however, was not appeased so easily.
“In my opinion,” said she, “it is unpardonable that any man should
take it upon himself to paint clandestinely the portrait of my niece.
And in my house, too.”
Jim held himself very proudly and perhaps a little disdainfully also.
The old woman’s tone was certainly offensive.
“Lady Crewkerne,” said he, not so humbly as he might have done, “I
will admit that I have done wrong, but I hope my offense is not a very
grave one.”
The old lady looked Jim over in a decidedly scornful manner. She
appeared to be not quite sure whether a person such as Jim was
entitled to receive a reply from her.
“It depends upon the light in which one chooses to view the subject,”
said she, in a voice which trembled with anger. “I have formed my
own opinion about such behavior. I must ask you to leave this house
immediately, and in future it will be closed to you.”
Jim was stung. The mildest-tempered fellow in the world would have
been by such an unbridled display of despotism. Cheriton, who by
long association with the Whigs understood their arbitrary nature,
was really less shocked by such an uncivil exhibition than he
pretended to be. He took Jim Lascelles by the sleeve, drew him
aside, and gave him the benefit of a whimsical smile.
“Say nothing, my dear fellow,” said he, in a sagacious and paternal
manner. “Give her her head, and then leave her to me.”
Jim Lascelles, however, was furious. He was young and hot-headed;
and adversity had rendered him more sensitive upon the score of his
dignity than it is wise for a young fellow to be. Therefore he was by
no means disposed to leave the adjustment of the matter to his
friend. Not by his demeanor only did he express resentment, but by
word and also by deed.
“I am sorry, Lady Crewkerne, you have taken this view,” said he, not
very pacifically. “I shall be quite happy to obey your instructions. A
couple of men will come from Peabody’s this afternoon to fetch the
canvas.”
And then, with an incredible absence of judgment, Jim Lascelles
packed up his tools, and distributing curt bows to everybody, stalked
out of the room and out of the house.
Cheriton showed genuine consternation. Miss Perry looked ready to
shed tears. Cream buns apart, she was very fond of Jim.
“An incomprehensibly foolish thing to have done,” said Cheriton.
“A deplorable exhibition of impudence,” said Caroline Crewkerne. “I
have the greatest mind not to give up that canvas. I should be within
my rights if I destroyed it.”
“I have grave doubts whether you could do it legally,” said Cheriton.
For a man of his vaunted wisdom and experience it was a sadly
injudicious thing to have said.
“You think so?” said the redoubtable Caroline. “That decides me.
That man must be taught a lesson. Cheriton, have the goodness to
ring the bell.”
Cheriton showed genuine concern.
“Surely, Caroline,” said he, “you cannot mean that you are going to
destroy it?”
“That is my intention.”
“Oh, but surely,” said Cheriton, “it would be nothing short of a crime.
There is no other word to use.”
“It is going to be done,” said Caroline Crewkerne.
“But the young fellow has put many hours of fine work into that
picture,” said Cheriton, with great seriousness, “and fine thought in it
too. It would be a crime.”
“If a man has no manners he must be taught them,” said the
implacable Caroline.
“The kettle is invariably the severest judge of the pot,” said Cheriton,
in a whimsical aside. “Really, Caroline, you began it,” said he.
“The man began it by painting my niece’s portrait without obtaining
my permission. Not content with abusing my hospitality, he must
show insolence when remonstrated with.”
“Well, you know, my dear Caroline, that hand of yours is
uncommonly heavy. And although no one deplores the young
fellow’s conduct for his own sake more deeply than I do, he acted
precisely as his profoundly rash and hot-headed father would have
done in the circumstances.”
“I am not in the least interested in such a person, or in his father
either,” said Caroline Crewkerne. “But I have made up my mind that
that canvas shall be destroyed.”
 CHAPTER XV
DIPLOMACY IS CALLED FOR

CHERITON’S gravity was of a kind he seldom displayed.

“Caroline,” said he, firmly, “if you behaved in that way no right-
minded person could possibly forgive you. The lad is very poor, and
his history is a sad one. He is the son of Lascelles, V.C., as rash yet
generous-hearted a fellow as ever lived. Had it not been for a
dishonest broker the young chap would be a man of wealth and
position.”
“I am prepared to hear nothing further upon the subject,” said
Caroline Crewkerne. “I have made up my mind. Cheriton, have the
goodness to ring the bell.”
The affair must have had a tragic termination there and then had not
the God who watches over poor painters—whatever their own
private and personal doubts in regard to that Deity, it is only right for
laymen like ourselves to assume that there is one—seen fit to enact
a little providence of His own. At that crucial moment there came to
Cheriton’s aid no less a person than George Betterton. And as if that
opportune arrival was not in itself sufficient, Providence took the
trouble to play a double coup. Mr. Marchbanks made the
announcement immediately afterwards that luncheon was ready.
While Caroline enlarged upon her grievances to George Betterton
and outlined the extreme course she proposed to take as soon as
luncheon was over, Cheriton scribbled hastily in pencil on the back of
a card, “Remove picture from No. — Hill Street immediately, to the
Acacias, Hawthorn Road, Balham.”
This accomplished, he proceeded to take John into his confidence.
He placed the card, together with a sovereign, in the palm of that
functionary.
“Go down at once,” said he, “to the people at the Bond Street
Galleries and give them this card. They are to remove that half-
finished picture in the blue drawing-room to that address. By the time
luncheon is over it must be out of the house. Is that clear?”
“Perfectly clear, my lord,” said John, who among his many virtues
had a proper tenderness for the peerage.
“See that this is done, and when questions are asked all you need
know upon the subject is that a couple of men came and took it
away. You understand?”
“Perfectly, my lord,” said John.
During luncheon Cheriton was seen to particular advantage. At any
time it called for very little effort on his part for him to be one of the
most agreeable men in London. To-day he excelled. He retailed
some of the newest stories and a quantity of the freshest gossip; he
was really genial to George Betterton, and encouraged him to
enlarge at length upon the subject of the Militia; and to his hostess
he gave a tip for the Oaks, for which species of information she had
a decided weakness.
It was but seldom among his intimates that George was permitted to
mount his hobby-horse. As for Cheriton, he was the last man in the
world, as a rule, to consent to hold the head of that extraordinary
quadruped while George established himself firmly in the saddle. But
on this occasion he performed that operation in the most graceful
manner.
“Excellent speech of yours in the House the other evening, my dear
fellow,” said he. “I wasn’t there myself—Philosophical Society’s
annual meeting—but you were very carefully reported in the Times.
Quite your best vein, if I may say so. Very shrewd, very searching,
sound common sense. You thought so, Caroline, did you not?”
It seems incredible, but Caroline Crewkerne walked straight into the
trap. With all her ruthlessness, and all her knowledge of mundane
affairs, she had one besetting weakness. She attached an absurd
importance to any form of politics. It was her Whiggism, doubtless.
She would encourage the most consummate bore, for upon the
slightest pretext her vanity would lead her to believe that her fingers
were really in the pie, and that she had a very considerable hand in
the destinies of the country.
In the heyday of her glory it used to be asserted freely by idle
persons that if the country was not actually ruled from Hill Street,
ministers at least were made and marred there, and of that quarter
Governments went in fear and trembling. And it is by no means
improbable that Caroline Crewkerne came to believe it. It is
surprising what vanity will do for us.
To-day the smoldering embers of a lifelong illusion, if the figure is
permitted, allowed Caroline Crewkerne to establish George Betterton
quite firmly astride his hobby-horse. Cheriton counted the minutes of
his exquisite boredom. George was always heavy. He spoke so
slowly and impressively that he could deliver a platitude in a longer
space of time than any man living, and he could use fewer words in
the operation. Indeed, upon the strength of that gift he had gained a
reputation for incisive brevity.
To see Caroline Crewkerne nodding her vain old head, and wagging
her vain old ears in an exaggerated attitude of statesmanlike
attention, was a positive joy to Cheriton, particularly as time was so
valuable. The minutes grew tedious in their passing, all the same.
The clock chimed half-past two, and Miss Perry mentioned the
circus.
“Let us postpone it until to-morrow, my dear Miss Goose, if you really
don’t mind,” said Cheriton. “The conversation is so absorbing. The
preserved ginger is highly delectable too.”
Miss Perry shared the latter opinion.
“Green Chartreuse or Grand Marnier, my lord?” said Mr.
Marchbanks.
“Both,” said my lord.
Mr. Marchbanks dissembled his surprise in an extremely well-bred
manner. In his eyes, however, a peer of the realm was in the happy
position of Cæsar’s wife.