Preparing Educators to Engage

Families: Case Studies Using an

Ecological – Ebook PDF Version
Visit to download the full and correct content document:
https://ebookmass.com/product/preparing-educators-to-engage-families-case-studies-
using-an-ecological-ebook-pdf-version/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Preparing Educators to Engage Families: Case Studies

Using an Ecological Systems Framework 3rd Edition,
(Ebook PDF)

https://ebookmass.com/product/preparing-educators-to-engage-
families-case-studies-using-an-ecological-systems-framework-3rd-
edition-ebook-pdf/

Introduction to 80×86 Assembly Language and Computer

Architecture – Ebook PDF Version

https://ebookmass.com/product/introduction-to-8086-assembly-
language-and-computer-architecture-ebook-pdf-version/

Introduction to Management Science: A Modeling and Case

Studies Approach with Spreadsheets – Ebook PDF Version

https://ebookmass.com/product/introduction-to-management-science-
a-modeling-and-case-studies-approach-with-spreadsheets-ebook-pdf-
version/

Statistics Using IBM SPSS: An Integrative Approach –

Ebook PDF Version

https://ebookmass.com/product/statistics-using-ibm-spss-an-
integrative-approach-ebook-pdf-version/
Introduction to Computing Using Python: An Application
Development Focus, 2nd Edition – Ebook PDF Version

https://ebookmass.com/product/introduction-to-computing-using-
python-an-application-development-focus-2nd-edition-ebook-pdf-
version/

Treating Complex Trauma in Children and Their Families:

An Integrative Approach – Ebook PDF Version

https://ebookmass.com/product/treating-complex-trauma-in-
children-and-their-families-an-integrative-approach-ebook-pdf-
version/

Case Studies in Psychotherapy 7th Edition, (Ebook PDF)

https://ebookmass.com/product/case-studies-in-psychotherapy-7th-
edition-ebook-pdf/

An Introduction to Global Studies 1st Edition, (Ebook

PDF)

https://ebookmass.com/product/an-introduction-to-global-
studies-1st-edition-ebook-pdf/

Case Studies in Abnormal Psychology 2nd Edition, (Ebook

PDF)

https://ebookmass.com/product/case-studies-in-abnormal-
psychology-2nd-edition-ebook-pdf/
Copyright © 2014 by SAGE Publications, Inc.

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Preparing educators to engage families : case studies using an ecological systems framework / Heather
B. Weiss, Harvard Family Research Project, Harvard Graduate School of Education [and three others].
— Third Edition

pages cm
Includes bibliographical references and index.

ISBN 978-1-4522-4107-4 (pbk.)

ISBN 978-1-4833-1103-6 (web pdf)

1. Education, Elementary—Parent participation. 2. Elementary school teachers—Training of. 3. Home

and school. 4. Child development. I. Weiss, Heather Bastow.

LB1048.5.P74 2014
371.19′2—dc23 2013024089

This book is printed on acid-free paper.

13 14 15 16 17 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
FOR INFORMATION:

SAGE Publications, Inc.

2455 Teller Road
Thousand Oaks, California 91320
E-mail: order@sagepub.com

SAGE Publications Ltd.

1 Oliver’s Yard
55 City Road
London EC1Y 1SP
United Kingdom

SAGE Publications India Pvt. Ltd.

B 1/I 1 Mohan Cooperative Industrial Area
Mathura Road, New Delhi 110 044
India

SAGE Publications Asia-Pacific Pte. Ltd.

3 Church Street
#10-04 Samsung Hub
Singapore 049483

Acquisitions Editor: Reid Hester

Associate Editor: Terri Accomazzo
Editorial Assistant: Sarita Sarak
Production Editor: Libby Larson
Copy Editor: Terri Lee Paulsen
Typesetter: C&M Digitals (P) Ltd.
Proofreader: Sally Jaskold
Indexer: Ellen Slavitz
Cover Designer: Karine Hovsepian
Marketing Manager: Terra Schultz
Brief Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Preparing Educators in Family Engagement
About the Editors

PART I. THE MICROSYSTEM

1. Theoretical Perspectives on the Microsystem

Motivation to Learn
Deborah Stipek
A Developmental-Contextual Perspective
Penny Hauser-Cram, Marji Erickson Warfield, Jack P.
Shonkoff, Marty Wyngaarden Krauss, Aline Sayer, Carole
Christofk Upshur, and Miriam Grill-Abramowitz Heyman

2. The Microsystem Cases

Case 1. Supporting Ignacio: A Mother Discovers How to Help Her
Son Succeed
Georganne Morin and Holly Kreider
Case 2. A Special Education Plan for Anabela: Does Supporting
Her Needs Mean Holding Her Back?
Margaret A. Vaughan
Case 3. My Favorite Subject Is Lunch: Motivating a Disengaged
Student
Phyllis Blumenfeld

PART II. THE MESOSYSTEM

 3. Theoretical Perspectives on the Mesosystem
Social Executive Functioning
Pamela Davis-Kean and Jacquelynne S. Eccles
The Family, School, and Community Relationship
M. Elena Lopez and Heather B. Weiss

4. The Mesosystem Cases

Case 4. Lunchtime at Sunnydale Elementary School: What Do
First Graders Need?
Barrie Thorne
Case 5. Defining “Fine”: Communicating Academic Progress to
Parents
Margaret Caspe and Holly Kreider
Case 6. Bilingual Voices and Parent Classroom Choices: Family
Engagement in Language and Literacy
Margaret Caspe

PART III. THE EXOSYSTEM

5. Theoretical Perspectives on the Exosystem

Media in the Lives of Families With Young Children
Lori Takeuchi
The Accommodation Model
Julia R. Henly

6. The Exosystem Cases

Case 7. Connections and Misconnections: Digital Media in Family
Life and at School
Lori Takeuchi
Case 8. After School for Cindy: Family, School, and Community
Roles in Out-of-School Time
Ellen Mayer
 Case 9. Piecing It Together: Linking Systems to Support a Student
and Family
Jennifer Romich and Jennifer Simmelink

PART IV. THE MACROSYSTEM

7. Theoretical Perspectives on the Macrosystem

The Promise of Parent-School Partnerships for Narrowing the
Poverty Achievement Gap
Eric Dearing and Sandra Tang
Ethnic and Racial Diversity
Cynthia García Coll and Celina Chatman-Nelson

8. The Macrosystem Cases

Case 10. What Words Don’t Say: Talking About Racism
Ann Barger Hannum
Case 11. Raising Children Alone: Poverty, Welfare Reform, and
Family Engagement
Eboni C. Howard
Case 12. Learning in the Shadow of Violence: Community,
Culture, and Family Engagement
Cynthia García Coll

PART V. THE CHRONOSYSTEM

9. Theoretical Perspectives on the Chronosystem

Families, Time, and Learning
Suzanne M. Bouffard and Heather B. Weiss

10. The Chronosystem Cases

Case 13. Bridging Worlds: Family Engagement in the Transition
to Kindergarten
Margaret Caspe
 Case 14. Tomasito Is Too Big to Hold Hands: The Developing
Child and the Home-School Relationship
Ellen Mayer
Case 15. Staying on the Path Toward College: One Boy at the
Crossroads
Catherine R. Cooper, Elizabeth Domínguez, Margarita Azmitia,
Erica Holt, Dolores Mena, and Gabriela Chavira
Glossary
References
Photo Credits
Index
About the Contributors
Detailed Contents

Preface
Acknowledgments
Introduction: Preparing Educators in Family Engagement
About the Editors

PART I. THE MICROSYSTEM

1. Theoretical Perspectives on the Microsystem

Motivation to Learn
Theoretical Frameworks for Understanding Children’s Motivation
to Learn
The Three Cs: Competence, Control, and Connection
Conclusion and Implications
A Developmental-Contextual Perspective
The Research
Conclusion and Implications

2. The Microsystem Cases

Case 1. Supporting Ignacio: A Mother Discovers How to Help Her

Son Succeed
Characters
Ignacio: The Beginning of the School Year (Translated From
Spanish)
Viridiana and Mrs. Naylor: First Impressions in Class
Father Benedict: Parish Priest
Christina: Librarian
Paty: The Fall Parent-Teacher Conference
Viridiana: Providing the “Aha” Moment
Discussion Questions
 Recommended Reading
Case 2. A Special Education Plan for Anabela: Does Supporting
Her Needs Mean Holding Her Back?
Characters
Teacher to Teacher: Talking Over Anabela’s Progress
Anabela’s Cumulative Record
Anabela’s Mother, Magda
Special Education at La Paz
Jean Harfleur, Anabela’s Teacher, on Anabela and Her Family
Connie York, Anabela’s Resource Room Teacher, on Anabela and
Her Family
Anabela on Family, Learning, and School
Putting the Pieces Together
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 3. My Favorite Subject Is Lunch: Motivating a Disengaged
Student
Characters
Anthony Barbarin at School
Anthony
Jason Mitchell and Cynthia Hague, Anthony’s Teachers
The Barbarin Family
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading

PART II. THE MESOSYSTEM

3. Theoretical Perspectives on the Mesosystem

Social Executive Functioning
Conclusion and Implications
The Family, School, and Community Relationship
Types of Family and School Relationship
Principles of Relationship Building
Conclusion and Implications
 4. The Mesosystem Cases

Case 4. Lunchtime at Sunnydale Elementary School: What Do

First Graders Need?
Characters
Beatriz, Rosa and Maria’s Grandmother
Linda Chang, Principal
The Grandmother Encounters School Staff
The PTA Meeting
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 5. Defining “Fine”: Communicating Academic Progress to
Parents
Characters
The Principal, Dick Leonard
The Parents, Molly and Margot
The Teacher, Tammy Gray
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 6. Bilingual Voices and Parent Classroom Choices: Family
Engagement in Language and Literacy
Characters
Mother and Daughter Battle Over Homework
Choosing an English-Only Classroom for Nina: Inés, Nina’s
Mother (Translated From Spanish)
A Bilingual Classroom May Suit Nina Better: Sonya Chesin,
Nina’s Teacher
Identifying Bilingual Issues at Morrison Elementary: Andy Beber,
Principal
Inés Wonders What to Do Next
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading

PART III. THE EXOSYSTEM

5. Theoretical Perspectives on the Exosystem
Media in the Lives of Families With Young Children
The Interplay Between the Digital Media Industry and Family
Interactions
Digital Media for Learning
Conclusion and Implications
The Accommodation Model
The Accommodation Model of Parental Child Care Decision
Making
Precarious Employment Contexts: A Critical Exosystemic
Influence on Children
The Influence of Precarious Work Environments on Family
Practices and Child Care
Conclusion and Implications

6. The Exosystem Cases

Case 7. Connections and Misconnections: Digital Media in Family

Life and at School
Characters
Alejandra Sanchez: Meet Me at the Nightclub
George Sanchez: I Want Her to Have a Childhood as a Child as I
Did
Carmela Sanchez: The Computer Is a Tool, and It’s Not a Toy
Eileen Kato: Here Things Only Seem to Move Backward, Not
Ahead
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 8. After School for Cindy: Family, School, and Community
Roles in Out-of-School Time
Characters
Perspectives on Cindy and Her Mother: Nikki, Cindy’s Teacher
Marla
Cindy
Shellie, Cindy’s School Counselor
Ed, the Principal
 An Encounter Between Parent and Teacher in the Community
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 9. Piecing It Together: Linking Systems to Support a Student
and Family
Characters
Fall 1999: Dee Johnson, Dionte’s Teacher
Early Winter 1998 (One and One-Half Years Earlier): Karen
Carson, Dionte’s Mother
Spring 1998: Dionte Carson
Fall 1998: Riverside Medical Center
Winter 1998: Kofi Hunter, Social Worker
Spring 1999: Karen Carlson
October 19, 1999: Dionte
October 19, 1999: Dee Johnson
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading

PART IV. THE MACROSYSTEM

7. Theoretical Perspectives on the Macrosystem

The Promise of Parent-School Partnerships for Narrowing the
Poverty Achievement Gap
How Does Poverty Limit Children’s Achievement?
Why Do Family-School Partnerships Hold Promise for Children
Who Are Growing Up Poor?
Immigrant Children, a Particularly Vulnerable Group
Conclusion and Implications
Ethnic and Racial Diversity
Theoretical Issues
Cultural Considerations in the Development of Ethnic and Racial
Minority Children
Minority Status and Social Disadvantage
Conclusion and Implications
8. The Macrosystem Cases
Case 10. What Words Don’t Say: Talking About Racism
Characters
Martin’s Situation
Lorreen and Rhona, Martin’s Mother and Grandmother
Joan Taylor, Martin’s First-Grade Teacher
The Meeting
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 11. Raising Children Alone: Poverty, Welfare Reform, and
Family Engagement
Characters
Introducing Aiesha
Aiesha
Samantha, Aiesha’s Mother
The Children’s Fathers
The Children
Aiesha’s Life at Home
Aiesha’s Life at School
Back to School on Monday
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 12. Learning in the Shadow of Violence: Community,
Culture, and Family Engagement
Characters
Perspectives on Thandi
Thandi
Sak, Thandi’s Father (Translated From Khmer)
Maryna, Thandi’s Mother (Translated From Khmer)
Thandi’s Community: Alice, Principal
Seyha, Community Member
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
PART V. THE CHRONOSYSTEM

9. Theoretical Perspectives on the Chronosystem

Families, Time, and Learning
Family Engagement Across Ages
Family Engagement Across the Day and Year
Family Engagement Across Historical, Political, and Cultural
Periods
Conclusion and Implications

10. The Chronosystem Cases

Case 13. Bridging Worlds: Family Engagement in the Transition

to Kindergarten
Characters
Nicole, Maya’s Mother
Ms. Teresa, Maya’s Former Preschool Teacher
Tanya Robinson, the Kindergarten Teacher
Esther Lasher, the Head Start Educational Director
Nicole Prepares to Meet With Tanya Robinson
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
Case 14. Tomasito Is Too Big to Hold Hands: The Developing
Child and the Home-School Relationship
Characters
Tomasito’s Portfolio
Linda Brady, Tomasito’s Second-Grade Teacher
Ria, Tomasito’s Mother (Translated From Spanish)
Tomasito
Linda, Tomasito’s Second-Grade Teacher
Tomasito
Tomás, Tomasito’s Father (Translated From Spanish)
Ria, Tomasito’s Mother (Translated From Spanish)
Communicating About Tomasito’s Math
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading
 Case 15. Staying on the Path Toward College: One Boy at the
Crossroads
Characters
Introducing Paulo
Paulo’s Family
Comadre Alicia (Madrina) and Her Son Miguel
Nancy Brown, Paulo’s Math Teacher
Rachel Marquez, Community College Outreach Program Director
Discussion Questions
Recommended Reading

Glossary
References
Photo Credits
Index
About the Contributors
Preface

W eintegration
created this casebook with a clear mission: to encourage the
of family engagement in the training of teachers and school
administrators. Despite the importance of family-school partnerships in
contributing to student achievement, teacher education programs continue to
face serious challenges incorporating family engagement adequately into the
curriculum. Consequently, teachers too often lack the preparation,
confidence, and comfort level necessary to relate effectively with families,
and therefore enter the classroom unprepared to do so. This is especially
unfortunate because, when teachers communicate specific actions that family
members can take to engage in their children’s education, families are more
likely to support classroom instruction.
The book is intended primarily for an audience of teachers and others who
will be working directly with preschool and elementary school children and
their families, especially families who are typically marginalized in school
settings and where there is a need to improve the family-school relationship.
In its entirety or in selective parts, the book is ideal for students enrolled in a
wide range of upper-division undergraduate and graduate-level courses with
concentrations in education, social work, and psychology. The content is
particularly relevant for students and others interested in such areas as child
development; school leadership; instructional practice; family, school, and
community partnership; urban education; special education; and antibias
education.
One of the distinguishing features of this book is that it connects theory
and research to practice in family engagement. Using ecological systems
theory, described in detail in the Introduction, we organized the casebook
around the multiple contexts of children’s lives and the ways that families,
schools, and communities can best support child development. Within the
ecological framework, theoretical perspectives serve as “lenses” through
which to analyze family engagement practice. An additional feature of the
book is the use of cases that capture the complexity of the relationships
among families, schools, and communities. The cases are based on original
research as well as practitioner experience with families and schools. They
focus primarily on characters that represent low-income, ethnically diverse
children and families, who have, in many instances, been underserved by our
educational system. We paid special attention to developing cases that
present dilemmas of practice—difficult and ambiguous situations in which
educators and parents must negotiate their differences. Our aim was to
demonstrate the range of skills critical to communicating and building trust
with families in such situations. In particular, the casebook highlights the
importance of reflective practice in all communications with families, which
helps ensure successful outcomes for children.

NEW TO THE THIRD EDITION

The third edition of this book grew out of the steady demand across
disciplines for the first and second editions over the years. We have been
greatly encouraged by the overwhelmingly positive reviews we have received
—the cases are rich and compelling; they represent a broad range of real-life
situations that challenge families and educators alike; aspiring educators learn
important problem-solving skills through the use of the cases; the book is
easily adopted in its entirety as well as in sections in order to represent
course-relevant issues; and the book situates family-school relationships in
the context of language, culture, and poverty, issues that concern educators as
school demographics change. The thoughtful critiques and feedback that
university faculty and other readers have shared with us have been valuable
in helping guide the direction of the current volume.
This edition reflects these comments and also takes into consideration a
number of changes that have occurred within the education landscape since
the last volume was published. We have retained the same basic structure of
the book, including the use of teaching cases and an organizing ecological
framework. Because of the continuing need to develop educators’ creativity,
flexibility, and problem-solving skills, the teaching cases continue to be a
desirable learning tool. Furthermore, an ecological framework is
indispensable in understanding such important issues as the education of
immigrant children, the pathways that led to dropping out of or remaining in
school, and the implementation of education policies at the school level.
However, we have also added cases and questions for discussion and analysis
that address significant recent developments in the education arena. Early
childhood education, for example, has become more salient in education
reform, with several federal funding streams making it a priority and inviting
innovative strategies. Policy makers and educators, concerned that children
who do not read proficiently by third grade are at risk of not graduating from
high school, are now focusing on engaging families and communities to
create rich learning opportunities for children starting from birth and
continuing through the elementary grades. The transition to kindergarten
becomes a pivotal point to ensure that schools welcome and partner with
families and that families maintain their engagement in children’s learning.
Additionally, the notion that children learn anytime and anywhere has
taken root and elevates the roles of families and communities in enriching
children’s learning opportunities. This idea is particularly evident in the
growing use of digital media for learning and socializing. Computers and
handheld devices profoundly impact the way that children spend leisure time,
learn cultural norms and values, and gather information. It is easy to lose
sight of how important these changes have been to children’s daily life
experiences; it is also easy to underestimate the degree to which they
influence children’s development. Adult guidance—from parents, teachers,
librarians, and afterschool workers—is essential so that children use new
media safely and responsibly and in ways that enrich their knowledge and
creativity.
Moreover, rigorous, longitudinal research on education reform by the
Consortium on Chicago School Research at the University of Chicago
confirms that family-school-community connections are an essential element
in transforming low-performing schools. To yield positive results and
enhance student performance, school leaders need to embed these
connections within school improvement goals, prioritize family and
community partnerships, integrate these partnerships into teacher
professional development, and continuously improve on them based on the
experiences of families and the school community.
In order to underscore the importance of these and other changes, we have
added new theoretical perspectives and cases that focus on preschool children
so that the book now looks at family engagement issues across the full
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
 PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free

distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree
to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from
the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in
paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be

used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a
few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with
Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in
the United States and you are located in the United States, we do
not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the
work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of
course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™
mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely
sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name
associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of
this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its
attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without
charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the
United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms
of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying,
performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this
work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes
no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in
any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other

immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™
work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or
with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is
accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived

from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the
United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must
comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted

with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of
this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project

Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this

electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you
provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work
in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in
the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing

access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who

notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that
s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
 License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and
discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project
Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of

any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™

electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend

considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe
and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating
the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may
be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to,
incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a
copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or
damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer
codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except

for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph
1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner
of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party
distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this
agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE
FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE
NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you

discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it,
you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by
sending a written explanation to the person you received the work
from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must
return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity
that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a
replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to
give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in
lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may
demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the
problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied

warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted
by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the

Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability,
costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or
indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur:
(a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b)
alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project
Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of

Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.
It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and
donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the

assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a
secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help,
see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org.
 Section 3. Information about the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,

Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to

the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can
be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the
widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small
donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax
exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating

charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and
keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in
locations where we have not received written confirmation of
compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of
compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where

we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in
such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make

any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of
other ways including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project

Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed

editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how
to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.