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CH110 Tutorial SHEET 8 - Organic Chemistry
CH110 Tutorial SHEET 8 - Organic Chemistry
CHEMISTRY DEPATMENT
CH110 Tutorial Sheet 8 - Organic Chemistry
b) i)
c)
j)
d)
k)
e)
j)
m) p)
q)
n)
r)
o)
s)
5. Draw and name all the structural isomers of each of the following:
a) C5H12
b) C6H14
c) C7H16
d) 3-ethyl-5-methylheptane + Cl2
hv
7. Reagents such as HCl, HBr, and HOH (H2O) can add across carbon–carbon double and
triple bonds, with H forming a bond to one of the carbon atoms in the multiple bond and
Cl, Br, or OH forming a bond to the other carbon atom in the multiple bond. In some
cases, two products are possible. For the major organic product, the addition occurs so
that the hydrogen atom in the reagent attaches to the carbon atom in the multiple bond
that already has the greater number of hydrogen atoms bonded to it.
a) What is the name of the ruled followed in this description?
b) With this rule in mind, draw the structure of the major products for each of the
following reactions:
𝑃𝑡
i) CH3CH2CH=CH2 + H2O →
ii) CH3CH2CH=CH2 + HBr →
iii) CH3CH2C≡CH + 2HBr →
H+
8. Using appropriate reactants, alcohols can be oxidized into aldehydes, ketones, and/or
carboxylic acids. Primary alcohols can be oxidized into aldehydes, which can then be
oxidized into carboxylic acids. Secondary alcohols can be oxidized into ketones, while
tertiary alcohols do not undergo this type of oxidation.
a) Draw the structure of the compound with three carbon atoms that belongs to each of
the following families of organic compounds:
i) Alcohols iv) Carboxylic acids
ii) Aldehydes v) Esters
iii) Ketones vi) Ammines
9. Give the structure of the product(s) resulting from the oxidation of each of the following
alcohols.
i) 3-methyl-1-butanol vi)
ii) 3-methyl-2-butanol
iii) 2-methyl-2-butanol
iv) Propanal
vii)
v) 2,3-dimethyl pentanal
12. Bromination of alkanes is a much slower reaction than chlorination. Which of the following
is expected to be the major organic product when 2-methylbutane is allowed to react with Br2
in the presence of light or heat?
a. constitutional isomers
b. enantiomers
c. diastereomers
d. identical molecules
15. The hybridization of the central carbon in CH3C≡N and the bond angle CCN are
a. sp2, 180°.
b. sp, 180°.
c. sp2, 120°.
d. sp3, 109°.
18. What are the hybridizations of carbons 1 and 2 respectively in the following structure?
19. What are the hybridizations of atoms 1 and 2 respectively in the following structure?
20. Identify the orbital hybridization at the two indicated carbons in the molecule below
a.
b.