EXERCISE 10.

7
1. Sum to infinitythe following series:
3 5 7
(0) 1+,+t3
2 22 23
+
(i) 3+5. 4 +7.+...
1
1
42

(iii) 1 3,5 7 +
2 4 8
4 (iv) 1 2 +t...
3 4
53
(u) 1+4x2 +7x+ 10x6 +..., x|<1.
2. Sum to 1terms the following series:
() 1+2r + 3x2+ 4x3 +., lx|<1 (ii) 1+3x + 5x2+ 7x3 +... Ixl<1
(ii) 1 +4x + 7x2+ 10x + ..., x<1
(iv) 1+ 5x2 +9x +130+ ..., |x<1
(v) 2 x1+3x 2 +4 >x 4 + 5x 8+ ...
(vi) 1x 2+2 x 22 +3 x 23 + 4 x 24 +..
(vii) 1 2,3+
4
397
27 +
+..
3. Sum the series 1 +2.2+3. 22 +... + 100 x 29
4. Show that 31/3 91/9 271/27... to o =33/4,
5.
() If the sum to infinity of the series 3 + 5r+7r2 + ... is 4 find r.
9

9
) If the sum to infinity of the series 1+2r+ 3/2 +4,3 +...is 16
findr.
Answers
1.
(i) 6 44 25 (o)l+2y2
1+
(i) (ii) (iv)
9 36 (1-x2

Scquences and Serics (A-569)

 1
1
2r(1-x-l) (2n - 1)"
(ii) 1- x + (1- x)? 1- x
2. () (1- x)² 1-x
4x(1- 2n-2) (4n - 3)x2n
1 3x(1 - xN-l) (317 - 2)x" 1- y2
(ii) +
(1- x)2 1
(iv) 1- 2 (1-x2)2
1- x

() n.2" (i) 2 + (11 1) 21+1 (vi)

1
3. 1+ 99.2100 5. () (i) -3

10.7 SOME SPECIAL SERIES

Inthis section,we shall find the sum of first n terms of some special series, namely:
(i) 1+2+3+... + 11 (ii) 12 +22+ 32+ .... +n2 (iii) 13 + 23 + 3 + ... + n',
10.7.1 The sum of the first n natural numbers
Let S,, denote the sum of the first n natural numbers, then
S,, = 1+2+3+ ... + n.
This is an arithmetic series with first term a =1,
common difference d = 1, last term l= n and
number of terms n. Using the formula
S, = 2 (a +), we get

S, = 2 (1+ n) = n (n + 1)
2

Thus, S,, = k= n(n + 1)

k=1 2

10.7.2 The sum of squares of the

Let S, denote the sum of first n natural numbers
squares of the first n natural
S,, = 12+ 22 +32 + ... +12. numbers, then
Consider the identity k(k + 1)-(k-1)
Putting k= 1,2, 3, ...,n in (i) k²=3k2 +k
1x 22-0x 12
=3x 12 +1 successively, we get ...()