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Chapter 7

1) In their intimate relationship, John and Arlene have a mutual impact on each other's
lives. This concept is termed _______________.
a. emotional impact
b. emotional attachment
c. behavioural interdependence
d. mutual dependence

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

2) Eartha and Dwayne are very close friends who share their worries and concerns. This
is an example of what characteristic of intimate relationships?
a. self-disclosure
b. need fulfillment
c. emotional attachment
d. mutual dependence

Answer: a
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Describe effective communication and the role it plays in intimate and non-
intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

3) Sally is lonely and she longs to have someone to spend time with. She has a need for
someone with whom she can share her worries and concerns. This desire is called the
need for ________.
a. social integration
b. nurturance
c. assistance
d. intimacy
Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

4) April's boyfriend is someone with whom she can share her feelings freely. He meets
April's need for ____________________.
a. intimacy
b. nurturance
c. assistance
d. integration

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

5) Nancy feels the need for being nurturing. This means that she requires someone who
____________.
a. will provide social support
b. adds to social integration
c. she can take care of
d. will help her in a crisis

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

6) Juan reminds LuAnn often that she is a great person and that she matters a lot to him.
Juan is fulfilling which need?
a. reassurance
b. social integration
c. nurturance
d. assistance

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

7) Although Ben is a great athlete and he has a high grade point average, he still is
lacking the psychological need which validates him among his friends and family. Which
of the following characterises this need?
a. need for social integration
b. need for social intimacy
c. need for approval
d. need for reassurance or affirmation of his own worth

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

8) Suzanne is both emotionally and sexually attracted to members of both sexes.

Suzanne's type of sexual orientation is known as ____________________________.
a. bisexual
b. homophobic
c. heterosexual
d. homosexual

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied

9) Josh likes to wear female bathing suits. This type of variant sexual behaviour is known
as _________.
a. fetishism
b. transvestitism
c. exhibitionism
d. voyeurism

Answer: b
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied

10) Janet has been diagnosed as preorgasmic by her doctor. This means
________________________.
a. she dislikes having sex
b. she has never had an orgasm
c. she is frigid
d. she has never masturbated

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Identify the various sexual dysfunctions as well as the treatment of each.
Skill: Applied

11) Endometriosis, chlamydia and urinary tract infections can cause pain during
intercourse which is also known as _________________.
a. vaginismus
b. uterine tremors
c. dyspepsia
d. dyspareunia
Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Identify the various sexual dysfunctions as well as the treatment of each.
Skill: Factual

12) Jose feels a secure, trusting attachment to his brother. This is known as
______________ love.
a. companionate
b. compassionate
c. family
d. brotherly

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

13) Charlie possesses all three elements of a good relationship. He is able to take care of
himself as needed, and this element is known as _________________________.
a. faith
b. self-nurturance
c. self-assurance
d. jealousy

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

14) Which of the following is true about the definition of family?

a. It is a unit sharing one common characteristic.
b. It is a group of people sharing the same interests.
c. It is a network of people providing a sense of security.
d. Because families change, there is no clear definition of family.

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

15) Growing up in a family with your mom, dad, brothers, and sisters is an example of
what type of family?
a. family of origin
b. nuclear family
c. primary family
d. family of foundation

Answer: b
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

16) During Carrie's childhood, the people present in her household were her mom and
grandparents. This illustrates which type of family?
a. extended
b. family of origin
c. communal
d. foundational

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

17) Frank leaves his chemistry class early to spend time with his girlfriend even though
he is going to miss an important review for the final exam. Which characteristic of
significant partnering relationships is this?
a. fascination
b. exclusiveness
c. advocacy
d. giving

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

18) Beverly and Jason decide that they need some time apart to reassess their marriage.
This situation is known as a _______________________.
a. trial separation
b. vacation
c. divorce
d. mutual separation

Answer: a
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get help and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Applied

19) The hormone that signals the ovaries to prepare to release eggs and to begin
producing estrogens is the __________________________.
a. luteinizing hormone
b. follicle-stimulating hormone
c. human chorionic gonadotropin
d. gonadotropin-releasing hormone
Answer: b
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Factual

20) Fred and Sandy have decided to have their infant son circumcised. This process
involves the surgical removal of the ____________________.
a. vas deferens
b. foreskin
c. scrotum
d. seminal vesicles

Answer: b
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied

21) Danny feels like he is "trapped in the wrong body" and wants to undergo a sex-
change operation. This is a variant sexual behaviour known as ______________.
a. bisexualism
b. sadomasochism
c. transsexualism
d. transvestitism

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied

22) Cynthia has decided to "settle down" and marry Pedro. Her decision refers to which
key factor of the Triangular Theory of Love?
a. intimacy
b. passion
c. decision/commitment
d. mutual involvement

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

23) Cassie and Mike's relationship has high levels of intimacy, passion, and
decision/commitment. According to the Triangular Theory of Love, what type of love do
they share?
a. infatuated
b. fatuous
c. consummate
d. companionate

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

24) Martha and Peter have frequent sexual intercourse. Their doctor tells them that there
is a chemical responsible for creating the desire for them to feel monogamous. This
chemical is _______________.
a. oxytocin
b. vasopressin
c. epinephrine
d. PEA

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

25) Which of the following is true about the Triangular Theory of Love?
a. High levels of the three main factors make a healthy relationship more likely.
b. Intimacy is the most important component of the theory.
c. Passion is the most common factor lacking in relationships.
d. A high level of commitment is the most important of the theory.

Answer: a
Diff: 4
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

26) An example of "imprinting" is _______________________.

a. a chemical change in brain function during stress
b. feeling peaceful due to oxytocin released
c. the degree of commitment in a relationship
d. a past experience of getting flowers from a romantic partner

Answer: d
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

27) The "cuddle chemical" is ______________.

a. adrenaline
b. thyroxine
c. cortisol
d. oxytocin
Answer: d
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

28) According to the text, which aspect of falling in love causes lovers to feel peaceful,
secure, and calm?
a. imprinting
b. affiliation
c. attachment
d. attraction

Answer: c
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

29) After four years, Cecil feels as if the excitement and passion is gone from his
marriage. According to the text, this feeling is due to __________________.
a. developmental incompatibility
b. drop in level of adrenaline present
c. PEA level decrease
d. mutual distrust

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get help, and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Applied

30) Due to a significant drop in chemicals that result in the "passion high," divorce rates
peak during the ________ year of marriage.
a. second
b. fourth
c. fifth
d. seventh

Answer: b
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

31) One area in which men are "allowed" to contact deeper emotional states is
_________________.
a. work
b. sex
c. sports
d. male friendships

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

32) For men, intimacy consists of ________________.

a. physical proximity
b. sexual desire
c. verbal sharing
d. control

Answer: a
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

33) An example of "proximity" in relationships is _____________________.

a. seeing someone in class everyday
b. seeking a long-distance relationship
c. dating someone while on vacation in the Bahamas
d. sitting next to an acquaintance at the movies

Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

34) Wyatt tends to select his mates on the basis that most men do. What two things does
he look for in a mate?
a. financially dependent and physically attractive
b. dependability and youth
c. youth and financial independence
d. youth and physical attractiveness

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

35) Which of the following is a characteristic of infatuation?

a. There is no "excitement" in the relationship.
b. One's feelings grow deeper with time.
c. Mr. or Mrs. Right was not all he/she was originally thought to be.
d. There is no desire for intimacy.

Answer: c
Diff: 4
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

36) Contrary to what many of us may believe, jealousy is _______________________.

a. a basis for a strong, committed relationship
b. not a sign of intense devotion or passionate love
c. an attempt to perpetuate the well being of your partner
d. a source of deeper intimacy in a relationship

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Conceptual

37) Greg and Jackie have the traditional committed relationship. They are
_________________.
a. married
b. going steady
c. cohabiting
d. best friends

Answer: a
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

38) Julie has had several exclusive sexual relationships one after another throughout her
life. This style of sequential relationships is called _____________________.
a. subsequent monogamy
b. sexually committed
c. serial exclusivity
d. serial monogamy

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

39) Stu and Dorothy are monogamous. This means they have _____________________.
a. extramarital sex
b. sexual involvement only with each other
c. open relationships
d. unlimited sexual partners

Answer: b
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

40) Ralph and Mattie have lived together for seven years but never got married. Their
relationship is known as _______________.
a. societal partnership
b. legal commitment
c. common-law marriage
d. committed partnership

Answer: c
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

41) One disadvantage of cohabitation is ___________________.

a. low prospect of marriage
b. tendency to result in failed relationship
c. societal disapproval
d. low levels of commitment

Answer: c
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Factual

42) John and Sandra agree that each of them may be sexually involved outside of their
relationship. This is known as a(n) ______________.
a. open relationship
b. monogamous relationship
c. cohabitation relationship
d. serial monogamy relationship

Answer: a
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

43) Alexa was raised with a strong sense of what type of person she was to marry. This is
an example of __________________.
a. modelling
b. reinforcement
c. potentiality
d. scripting

Answer: d
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

44) Despite being raised with expectations of the man she should marry, Rita is a lesbian
and lives with her partner. Rita went against the ________ by which she was raised.
a. relationship scripts
b. family influence scripts
c. partnering scripts
d. educational scripts

Answer: c
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

45) Jody exhibits predictability, dependability, and faith in her relationship with her
husband Roger. This degree of confidence is also known as ______________.
a. trust
b. loyalty
c. fidelity
d. love

Answer: a
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

46) After her divorce, Sally reflected on her marital relationship. What was most likely
the first sign of their declining relationship?
a. change in family earnings
b. change in sexual desire
c. change in communication
d. change in family dynamics

Answer: c
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get health and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Applied

47) Which of the following is true about trial separations?

a. They usually mean that the relationship is ending.
b. It provides an opportunity for preliminary healing.
c. It usually results in situational improvement.
d. It needs to be at least a month long to be most effective.

Answer: b
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get health and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Conceptual

48) Counsellors familiar with loss and grieving estimate that it takes at least ________ to
recover from the major loss of a relationship whether by death or divorce.
a. 6 months
b. 3 years
c. 5 years
d. 1 year

Answer: d
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get health and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Factual
49) Rachel is going through puberty. She is noticing her breasts are growing and she is
developing underarm and pubic hair. These changes are the development of what is
collectively known as ________ characteristics.
a. identifier
b. hormonal sexuality
c. female identifier
d. secondary sex

Answer: d
Diff: 2
Type: MC
Topic: Clarify the characteristics of intimate relationships, the potential barriers to
healthy relationships and the factors important in maintaining intimate relationships.
Skill: Applied

50) Monica found out she is having a baby girl. What is the sex chromosome
combination of her baby?
a. XX
b. XY
c. YX
d. YY

Answer: a
Diff: 1
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied

51) Joanne and Fred have been increasingly spending time apart, and they are finding that
they just like to spend time alone, away from one another. These symptoms of a
dysfunctional relationship have prompted their marriage counsellor to advise them to
_________________.
a. experience a trial separation
b. get a divorce right away
c. seek another partner outside their marriage
d. just be good friends
Answer: a
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Describe the warning signs of a failing relationship, where you can get health and
factors that ultimately lead to the relationship failing.
Skill: Applied

52) The media portrays men as independent, aggressive, and in control of their emotions.
This portrayal is an example of ________________.
a. sex role modeling
b. sex role stereotyping
c. gender demarcation
d. gender role stereotyping

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Conceptual

53) Although Jake can be aggressive, in control of his emotions, and logical, he also is
sensitive, nurturing and intuitive. The combination of these traits characterizes him as
______________.
a. endogenous
b. situational sexuality
c. socialized
d. androgynous

Answer: d
Diff: 3
Type: MC
Topic: Differentiate sexual and gender identity. How are they developed? How does
society help and/or hinder their development?
Skill: Applied
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
This little creature is a native of Africa, and is only known to us in a
domestic state. It is unable to bear a cold climate, and cannot live
without great care and shelter. It is usually kept in a box, with wool,
of which it makes itself a warm bed. It sleeps a great part of the day;
and the moment it awakes, it seems eager for its food, which is
commonly bread and milk. The length of the Ferret is about fourteen
inches; the tail is five inches long; its nose is sharper than that of the
Weasel, its ears are round, and its eyes red and fiery: the colour of
the whole body is a very pale yellow. When employed to clear the
rabbit warren, it must be muzzled, that it may not kill the rabbits in
their holes, but only oblige them to come out, that the warrener may
catch them in his nets. If the Ferret be suffered to go in without a
muzzle, or should free himself from it whilst in the hole, there is great
danger of losing it: for, after satisfying itself with blood, it falls asleep,
and it is then almost impossible to get at it. The most usual method
is by digging it out, or smoking the hole. If these do not succeed, it
continues during the summer among the rabbit holes, and lives upon
the prey it finds there; but is sure to perish in the winter.
 THE POLECAT.

THE POLECAT.

The Polecat is not afraid of mankind, but approaches our dwellings

with confidence, mounts to their roofs, and often lives in barns, hay-
lofts, or other places that are much frequented. From thence he
prowls about under the shadow of night, to attack the poultry. He is
very active, and runs fast. While running, his belly seems to touch
the ground; but in preparing to jump, he arches his back very much,
by means of which the force of his spring is greatly increased. The
Polecat, during summer, lives in woods, or about rabbit-warrens.
Here, if he cannot find a hole ready made that suits him, he forms a
retreat for himself, in the ground, about two yards in length, which he
contrives, if he can, to end among the roots of some large tree. From
thence he often comes forth and destroys game and rabbits. These
animals are also very fond of honey; and in winter when the bees are
weakened by the coldness of the season, they have been known to
attack the hives and to devour their contents very eagerly.
 THE BADGER.

THE BADGER.

This animal is a native of Europe, but is known to live in warm

countries. It is found, without any variety, in Spain, France, Italy,
Germany, Britain, Poland, and Sweden. The usual length of the
Badger is somewhat above two feet, and the tail is about six inches
long; its eyes are small, and are placed in a black stripe which
begins behind the ears, and runs towards the nose; the throat and
legs are black; the back, sides, and tail, are of a dirty grey, mixed
with black; the legs and feet are very short, strong, and thick; each
foot has five toes; those on the fore feet are armed with strong
claws, well adapted for digging.
Although furnished with powerful weapons of offence, and having
besides strength to use them with great effect, it is very harmless
and inoffensive; and unless attacked, employs them only for its
support. The Badger retires to the most secret places, where it digs
its hole, and forms its dwelling under ground. Its food consists chiefly
of roots, fruits, grass, insects, and frogs. Few creatures defend
themselves better, or bite with greater keenness, than the Badger.
On that account it has been often baited with dogs trained for the
purpose; but, happily, little is now heard of this very cruel sport. The
Badger is a very sleepy animal. It keeps its hole during the day, and
feeds only in the night.
THE FOX.

THE FOX.
The Fox is a native of almost every quarter of the globe; and is of so
wild and savage a nature that it is said to be impossible fully to tame
him: when partially so, he is very playful; but will on the least offence,
bite those with whom he is most familiar. He possesses more
cunning than any other beast of prey. This quality he shows in his
mode of providing for himself a place of security, where he retires
from pressing dangers, and brings up his young; and his craftiness is
also discovered by his schemes to catch lambs, geese, hens, and all
kinds of small birds.
When he can conveniently do so, the Fox fixes his abode on the
border of a wood, in the neighbourhood of some farm or village. He
listens to the crowing of the cocks, or the cries of the poultry. He
scents them at a distance; he chooses his time with judgment; and
conceals his road, as well as his design. He slips forward with
caution, sometimes even trailing his body; and seldom misses his
booty. If he can leap the wall, or creep in beneath the gate, he
ravages the court-yard, puts all to death, and retires with his prey. He
hunts the young hares in the plains; and seizes the old ones in their
seats. The eye of the Fox is of a lively hazel colour, and very
expressive.
 THE WOLF.

These animals are natives of almost all the temperate and cold
countries of the globe; and were formerly so numerous in this island,
that King Edgar, about a thousand years ago, changed the
punishments for some offences, into a demand of a certain number
of Wolves’ tongues from each criminal; and once converted a heavy
and oppressive tax on one of the Welsh princes, into a yearly tribute
of three hundred Wolves’ heads. Some hundred years after, these
animals increased to such a degree, that great rewards were given
for destroying them.
 THE WOLF.

The Wolf is very savage indeed when it is hungry. It then braves

every danger, and even attacks those animals that are protected by
man. Man himself, upon these occasions, frequently falls a victim to
its power; and it is said, that when Wolves have once tasted human
blood, they always give it the preference. The Wolf has great
strength, especially in the muscles of his neck and jaw: he can carry
a sheep in his mouth, and easily run off with it in that manner. His
bite is cruel and deadly, and keener as it meets with no opposition:
but when opposed, he is cautious and careful, and seldom fights but
from necessity. Sometimes whole droves of them join in the cruel
work of destruction.
THE SHEPHERD’S DOG.

THE SHEPHERD’S DOG.

This useful animal, ever faithful to his charge, reigns at the head of
the flock, where he is better heard, and more attended to, than even
the Shepherd himself. In the few remaining large tracts of land which
are appropriated to the feeding of Sheep, this dog is of the utmost
importance. Large flocks range over extensive tracts of land,
seemingly without controul: their only guide being the Shepherd,
attended by his Dog, the constant companion of his toil. It receives
his commands, and is always prompt to execute them; it is the
watchful guardian of the flock, prevents straying, keeps them
together, and conducts them from one pasture to another: it will not
suffer strange sheep to mix with them, but carefully keeps off every
intruder. In driving a number of sheep to any distant part, a well-
trained Dog never fails to confine them to the road; he watches every
avenue that leads from it, where he takes his stand, to prevent them
from going out of the way. He pursues the stragglers if any escape,
and forces them into order, without doing them the least injury. If the
Shepherd be at any time absent he depends upon his Dog to keep
them together; and as soon as he gives the well-known signal, this
faithful creature conducts them to his master, though at a great
distance.
 THE BULLDOG.

THE BULLDOG.

When little children meet any dogs they should take care not to
tease them, more particularly the Bulldog, for when that dog is
completely roused it is the fiercest of its kind, and is probably the
most courageous creature in the world. It is low in stature, but very
strong. Its nose is short; and the under jaw projects beyond the
upper, which makes it look very fierce. Its courage in attacking the
bull is well known; its fury in seizing and its obstinacy in keeping its
hold, are truly astonishing. It always aims at the front, and generally
fastens upon the lip, the tongue, the eye, or some part of the face;
where it hangs in spite of every effort of the bull to get away from it.
Many stories are told us of this most cruel sport; but of late years
the inhuman custom of baiting the bull has been almost entirely laid
aside, and there are now few Dogs of this kind to be seen. The great
danger of the Bulldog is, he always makes his attack without barking.