Presidency International School

Class: VI, Sub: Science

Final Term: 2021-22
Unit 6 ( CB8 ), Work Sheet – 1
( States of Matter )

Name: AyatNur Class : VI - K

1 . Explain why a solid expand when it is heated .

Ans: When the solid is heated, energy is transferred to the particles and they vibrate
more.This take up more space so the solid expands.

2. Explain, using particle theory, how a liquid changes to a gas.

Ans: The particles in a liquid can move past each other and are held together by weak
attractive forces . When the liquid is heated, heat energy is transferred to the particles
so that they move more. Some particles have enough energy to escape the attractive
force and the particles escape into the air as a gas.

3 . Explain, using particle theory, how are liquid changes to became a solid.
Ans: The particles in a liquid have enough energy to move fast one another. If
the liquid frozen some of the heat energy from the particles have transferred
to the surroundings. This means that the particles have less energy and cannot move.
The liquid been changed into solid.

4. When the solid iron bar in the diagram is heated, it no longer fit the holder.
(WB 8 pg 52)

Use particle theory to explain why this happens.

Ans: When iron bar is heated the particles gain energy and
can vibrate more . As the particles vibrate more they take up
slightly more space and the metal expand.

5. Explain , in terms of particle theory, what happens when ice is heated and melts
to form water.
Ans: When ice is heated the particles gain energy vibrate more and the force of
attraction between the particles weakens . The particles begin to move past each
other forming liquid water .
6 . Use particle theory to explain why solids and liquids cannot be compressed ( squashed
into a smaller volume ) .
Ans: In solid and liquid the particles are arranged in place and they are already touching
each other.

7 . Use particle theory to explain why liquids and gases can flow.
Ans: Liquids and gases can flow because there are weak force or no force of attraction
so particles can move .

8. Explain , using particle theory, what happens when steam in the bathroom hits
a cold surface, such as a mirror .

Ans: When the particles of steam move around the bathroom some hit the cold surface
of mirror . Some of the heat energy of the particles is transferred to the mirror
so that the particles have less energy and condense to form a liquid .

9 . What is diffusion? Why is diffusion faster in a gas than in a liquid?

Ans : Diffusion is the movement of a substance from an area of high concentration
to an area of low concentration .

10 . Why is diffusion faster in a gas than in a liquid?

Ans: Diffusion is faster in a gas than in a liquid because gas particles have more
energy and can move more freely as there are no forces of attraction to overcome .
11 . What is Brownian motion?
Ans : Random movement of microscopic particles, suspended in a liquid or gas ,
caused by even tinier particles colliding with them .

12. What causes gas pressure?

Ans: Gas pressure is caused by the gas particles colliding with the sides of the container .

13 . If a gas is forced into a small space what happens to the pressure?

Ans : If the gas is forced into a small space the pressure increases . This is because
the particles collide with the wall of the container more often .

14 . Use particle theory to explain each of these observations :

a ) Pollen grains jiggle about faster when the temperature is higher.

Ans : When the temperature is higher the water particles have more energy and move faster.
They hit the pollen grains more often and faster, so the pollen grains move faster.

b ) Pollen grains move about jerkily, in random directions.

Ans: The water particles are moving randomly so they can hit the pollen grains from
any side at any time. This makes the pollen grains move randomly too .

****
** Particle theory can be used to explain the changes between the states of matter.
** Particle theory can be used to explain the properties of the three states of matter.
** Brownian motion is caused by tiny particles bumping into the pollen grains and dust .
** Diffusion happens because particles move about randomly.
** Diffusion happens more quickly in gases than in liquids.
*** The rate of diffusion can be affected by a number of factors such as changes
in temperature, concentration and size of particles .
** When gas particles bump into the side of their container they cause pressure .
** In a certain amount of space, the pressure is higher when there are more particles and
when the temperature is higher.
** When viewed through a microscope, pollen grains and dust in water can be seen
moving about randomly. This is called Brownian motion .
** Gas particles move all the time.
** All matter is made up of particles.
6.1 ) The picture shows a balloon containing air.

a ) Explain how the particles of air inside the balloon create pressure.
Ans: The particles of air create pressure inside of the balloon by heating with the wall
of the balloon.

b ) The air in the balloon is heated up by leaving it in a warm place.

Give to affect that this has on the air particles.
Ans : 1. The air particles move more quickly.
2 .The air particles spread further apart from one another.

c ) Describe one way in which the balloon changes when it is left in a warm place .
Ans : The balloon increases in volume or expands more when it is left in a warm place
and may end up bursting.