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Chapter 06 Test Bank KEY
1. _____ is the management function of setting goals and determining how to meet them.
A. Organizing
B. Controlling
C Planning
D. Evaluating
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-01: Describe types of planning that take place in organizations.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: Planning is the management function of setting goals and determining how to
meet them. The other functions managers perform—organizing, staffing, leading, and
controlling—all depend on good planning.
Feedback: Goals are objectives with a broad focus. Planning centers on the setting of
goals and objectives.
Feedback: Planning centers on the setting of goals and objectives. Planning should begin
at the top, with a plan for the organization as a whole.
4. Which of the following is the management function upon which all the other functions
depend?
A. Staffing
B. Controlling
C. Planning
D. Organizing
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-01: Describe types of planning that take place in organizations.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: Planning is the management function upon which all the other functions
depend. It involves setting goals and determining how to meet them.
7. Fusion Inc., a clothing manufacturer, has recently become very successful. The top
management is now planning to venture into the confectionary business and earn similar
profits in this new business. This is an example of _____ planning.
A. operational
B. strategic
C. contingency
D. integrated operational
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 06-01: Describe types of planning that take place in organizations.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: The type of planning in the scenario exemplifies strategic planning. Strategic
planning is the creation of long-term goals for an organization. These goals typically
include the type and quality of goods or services the organization is to provide and, for a
business, the level of profits it is to earn.
Feedback: Strategic planning covers a comparatively large time span that is usually over
a year. Usually it is top managers who engage in strategic planning.
Feedback: Operational planning is usually short-term with a time frame of one year or
less. It is performed by middle managers and supervisors.
Feedback: Policies are broad guidelines for how to act; they do not spell out the details of
how to handle a specific situation.
Feedback: Procedures are the steps that must be completed to achieve a specific purpose.
An organization might specify procedures for hiring employees, purchasing equipment,
filing paperwork, and many other activities.
17. At Value Inc., there are specific steps to be followed when applying for a day off.
First, an employee has to apply to his or her immediate supervisors. After getting their
approval, he or she has to get it signed by the branch manager. Then a copy of the leave
application has to be submitted to the HR department. These mandatory steps are referred
to as _____.
A. policies
B. ethics
C. procedures
D. goals
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 06-02: Identify characteristics of effective objectives.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: The mandatory steps described in the scenario are referred to as procedures.
Procedures are the steps that must be completed to achieve a specific purpose. An
organization might specify procedures for hiring employees, purchasing equipment, filing
paperwork, and many other activities.
Feedback: Procedures free managers from making decisions about activities they carry
out repeatedly. Procedures are the steps that must be completed to achieve a specific
purpose.
Feedback: The difference between a policy and a rule is that a policy does not specify
details of how to handle a specific situation but rules are very specific. Unlike policies,
rules are neither flexible nor open to interpretation.
21. At Ecstasy Café, it is mandatory for employees to wash their hands before handling
food. This is an appropriate example of a:
A. plan.
B. rule.
C. code.
D. procedure.
AACSB: Reflective Thinking
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Apply
Difficulty: 3 Hard
Learning Objective: 06-02: Identify characteristics of effective objectives.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: The Café requiring employees to wash their hands before handling food is an
example of a rule. Rules are specific statements of what to do or not do in a given
situation.
Feedback: An action plan is a plan for how to achieve an objective. Objectives serve as
the basis for action plans.
Feedback: Planning what to do if the original plans do not work out is known as
contingency planning. A wise supervisor has contingency plans to go with every original
plan.
Feedback: It would be too time-consuming to create a written contingency plan for every
detail of operations. Contingency planning is not always formal.
Feedback: They are created by answering the questions what, who, when, where, and
how. An action plan is a plan for how to achieve an objective.
26. If objectives are thought of as statements of where one wants to go, then a(n) _____
plan is a map that tells them how to get there.
A. operational
B. strategic
C. contingency
D. action
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-02: Identify characteristics of effective objectives.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: If objectives are thought of as statements of where one wants to go, then an
action plan is a map that tells how to get there. An action plan is a plan for how to
achieve an objective.
27. _____ is a process in which managers and employees at all levels set objectives for
what they are to accomplish.
A. Objectives management
B. Strategic objectives managing
C. Program evaluation and review technique
D. Management by objectives
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-03: Define management by objectives (MBO) and discuss its use.
Topic: Planning in Organizations
Feedback: For the effective use of MBO, managers at all levels (especially top
management) must be committed to the system. Also, the objectives they set must meet
the criteria for effective objectives described previously.
Feedback: A budget is defined as a plan for spending money. The process of allocating
money resources is called budgeting.
32. In the context of budgeting, big-ticket items such as machinery or a new building
would most likely be part of a(n) _____ budget.
A. central
B. capital
C. divisional
D. operating
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: In the context of budgeting, big-ticket items such as machinery or a new
building would most likely be part of a capital budget. A budget is a plan for spending
money.
33. Which of the following is most likely to be included as part of an operating budget?
A. Insurance
B. New plant
C. New building
D. Machinery
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
37. In context of a supervisor's role as a planner, setting a precise timetable for the work
to be done is known as:
A. . scheduling.
B. capital budgeting.
C. strategic planning.
D. evaluating.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: Setting a precise timetable for the work to be done is known as scheduling.
This process includes deciding which activities will take priority over others and deciding
who will do what tasks and when.
38. _____ includes deciding which activities will take priority over others and deciding
who will do what tasks and when.
A. Budgeting
B. Allocating
C. Scheduling
D. Controlling
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: Scheduling includes deciding which activities will take priority over others
and deciding who will do what tasks and when. Setting a precise timetable for the work
to be done is known as scheduling.
39. Two of the most widely used techniques for scheduling are:
A. Supnick matrix and flow network.
B. Gantt charts and PERT networks.
C. directed graphs and matrices.
D. graph algorithms and spectral layout.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: Two of the most widely used techniques for scheduling are Gantt charts and
PERT networks. Many organizations expect supervisors to use one or more of the
techniques and tools that have been developed to help with scheduling.
40. A _____ is a scheduling tool that lists the activities to be completed and uses
horizontal bars to graph how long each activity will take, including its starting and ending
dates.
A. scatter graph
B. run chart
C. stem plot
D. Gantt chart
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: A Gantt chart is a scheduling tool that lists the activities to be completed and
uses horizontal bars to graph how long each activity will take, including its starting and
ending dates. One of the most widely used techniques for scheduling is Gantt charts.
41. A scheduling tool that most efficiently identifies the relationships among tasks as well
as the amount of time each task will take is called a:
A. Gantt chart.
B. PERT network.
C. planar map.
D. run chart.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: The program evaluation and review technique (PERT) is a scheduling tool that
identifies the relationships among tasks and the amount of time each task will take. To
use this tool, the planner creates a PERT network.
42. In the context of program evaluation and review technique (PERT), the sequence of
tasks that requires the greatest amount of time is referred to as the:
A. precautionary principle.
B. exception principle.
C. exaggerated agenda.
D. critical path.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: The sequence of tasks that will require the greatest amount of time is referred
to as the critical path. A delay in the critical path will cause the entire project to fall
behind.
43. In the program evaluation and review technique (PERT), a delay in the _____ will
cause the entire project to fall behind.
A. critical path
B. network
C. action plan
D. concurrent control
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: In the program evaluation and review technique (PERT), a delay in the critical
path will cause the entire project to fall behind. An important piece of information in a
PERT network is the critical path—the sequence of tasks that will require the greatest
amount of time.
44. To make sure that employees understand objectives and consider them achievable,
supervisors should _____.
A. set objectives that are general rather than specific.
B. involve the top managers in the goal-setting process.
C. set objectives that are easy rather than challenging.
D. involve the employees in the goal-setting process.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Understand
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Objective: 06-04: Discuss the supervisor’s role in the planning process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Planner
Feedback: To make sure that employees understand objectives and consider them
achievable, supervisors may involve them in the goal-setting process. Employees who are
involved in the process tend to feel more committed to the objectives, and they may be
able to introduce ideas that the supervisor has not considered.
Feedback: Controlling is best defined as the management function of making sure that
work goes according to plan. Supervisors carry out this process in many ways.
Feedback: Detection of problems is at the heart of the control function. A supervisor has
a responsibility to correct problems as soon as possible, which means that some way to
detect problems quickly must be found.
47. Which of the following is the first step in the process of controlling?
A. Monitoring actual performance against set targets
B. Establishing performance standards
C. Estimating the fund required for efficient productivity
D. Providing feedback based on performance
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
48. Which of the following is the next step after establishing performance standards in
the control process?
A. Monitoring performance
B. Fixing problems
C. Reinforcing successes
D. Providing feedback
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
Feedback: The next step after establishing performance standards in the control process is
monitoring performance. One way to monitor performance is simply to record
information on paper or enter it into a computer, a task that can be done by the
supervisor, the employees, or both.
49. In the context of the process of controlling, standards are best defined as:
A. measures of what is expected.
B. principles by which people distinguish what is morally right.
C. results of performance evaluation.
D. objectives with a comparatively narrow focus.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
51. In the control process, _____ define the acceptable quantity and quality of work.
A. standards
B. controls
C. rules
D. policies
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
Feedback: In the control process, standards define the acceptable quantity and quality of
work. Standards are measures of what is expected.
52. In the control process, the way supervisors set standards depends on their:
A. employer’s expectations.
B. beliefs and values.
C. personality characteristics.
D. employees’ experience.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
Feedback: In the control process, the way supervisors set standards depends on their
experience, their employer’s expectations, and the nature of the work being monitored.
Feedback: When setting performance standards, a supervisor must avoid being a slave to
the past. To be effective, performance standards should meet the criteria of effective
objectives; that is, they should be written, measurable, clear, specific, and challenging but
achievable.
Feedback: Monitoring performance is the core of the control process. One way to monitor
performance is simply to record information on paper or enter it into a computer, a task
that can be done by the supervisor, the employees, or both.
55. When monitoring performance, supervisors should focus on how actual performance
compares with the standards they have set. Two concepts useful for maintaining this
focus are:
A. Gantt chart and operational planning.
B. variance and the exception principle.
C. standards and performance reports.
D. feedback control and the parity principle.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
56. In the context of controlling, the size of the difference between actual performance
and a performance standard is referred to as:
A. an exception metric.
B. a measurement error.
C. variance.
D. critical path.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
Feedback: The size of the difference between actual performance and a performance
standard is referred to as variance. When setting standards, the supervisor should decide
how much variance is meaningful for control purposes.
57. The control principle stating that a supervisor should take action only when the
variance is meaningful is most accurately referred to as the:
A. exception principle.
B. scalar principle.
C. Peter principle.
D. reinforcement principle.
AACSB: Analytic
Accessibility: Keyboard Navigation
Bloom's: Remember
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Objective: 06-06: Identify the steps in the control process.
Topic: The Supervisor as Controller
Feedback: The control principle stating that a supervisor should take action only when
the variance is meaningful is most accurately referred to as the exception principle. This
principle is beneficial when it helps the supervisor manage his or her time wisely and
motivate employees.
Amstelveen ¼
Ouderkerk ¼
Deeze sluis lag reeds in 1413: bij dezelve behoort de visscherij in het
Nieuwe diep.
Oudtijds plagt hier nog een sluis te liggen, die men noemde de Kost
verloren sluis, doch van weinig nut zijnde, is zij gestopt en vernietigd.
REGEERING
VOORRECHTEN.
In de eerste plaats heeft het Gerecht een privilegie van het schouwen
van den hoogen Zeeburg Diemerdijk, in gevolge diverse privilegiën. [11]
Het recht van de jagt is mede aan den kooper van deeze Heerlijkheid
gegeven; voords het recht van parate executie.
BEZIGHEDEN
GESCHIEDENISSEN
Diemen welk eerst aan den Bisschoplijken stoel van Utrecht, en daar
na aan de Graaven van Holland leenroerig was, werd weleer door
Heer Gysbrecht van Amstel bezeten, die in den jaare 1225 het
zelve, benevens Muiden en Weesp, met de tollen en visscherijen, voor
altijd van Bisschop Otto den Tweeden van Utrecht, voor dertig
ponden ’s Jaarlijks verkreeg, en even daarin, als in alle andere dorpen
van Amstelland, het gebied voerde; dan in den jaare 1296, mede deel
gehad hebbende aan den moord van Graaf Floris den Vyfden, en
deswegen buitenlands moest vlugten, werd Diemen met alle dorpen in
Amstelland, verbeurd [12]verklaard, en der Graaflijkheid van Holland
ingelijfd; waarin het tot den 18 October 1731 is gebleven, als wanneer
de stad Amsteldam het zelve voor een somma van ƒ 10300 van de
Staaten van Holland kocht en verleid op de Heer Gerrit Corver,
Heer van Velsen, Burgemeester der stad Amsteldam.
Bij den Juliaans vloed, van 1164, werd deeze ban gantschlijk
overstroomd; de meeste bewooners werden met schuitjens van de
daken hunner huizen gehaald, terwijl een groot gedeelte door het
water werden verzwolgen.
1219 trof dit Ambacht het zelfde ongeluk, en honderden van menschen
verdronken.
Diemen is mede van tijd tot tijd zeer ongelukkig geworden door den
oorlog, zijnde het geheele Ambacht meermaals niet alleen door het
krijgsvolk afgeloopen, maar de opgezetenen ook geplunderd, en
geheel geruïneerd.
In het jaar 1572 werd door het staats krijgsvolk onder den Graave Van
der Mark, het dorp Diemen gedeeltelijk, met de kerk, afgebrand.
1576 werd Diemen mede door het krijgsvolk afgelopen, en het weinige
dat overbleef geroofd.
1610 was het water zo hoog, dat het over den dijk liep, Diemen
overstroomde, en alle de kelders te Amsteldam, tot aan [13]de
Warmoesstraat onder water zettede, terwijl een gat van eenige roeden
in den Diemerdijk scheurde.
1621 waaide al het paalwerk van den dijk omver, en het water liep als
een zee er over, en inundeerde het land.
1651 brak de Diemerdijk weder door, het water inundeerde Diemen, de
Diemermeir, en liep te Amsteldam tot aan den Dam: 1665, 1675 en
1682, werd Diemen weder overstroomd.
Diemen is tweemaal een prooi van het vuur geweest, de laatste keer in
1652, wanneer het Schoutshuis, benevens eenige huizen van
particulieren zijn afgebrand, deezen vuurnood heeft ook verscheide
privilegie-brieven verteerd.
In 1732 kwam er in het paalwerk ook het bekende gewormte, dat al het
zelve doorknaagde, en den dijk in het uiterste gevaar bragt.
Dikwijls na, en vóór deeze tijden zijn er hooge vloeden geweest, die
geheel het Ambacht dreigden ondertezetten, doch door God ’s
goedheid en door menschlijke hulp, werd het gevaar gekeerd; zo als
nog korts geleden in de hooge vloeden van 1790 en 1792.
1787 heeft het dorp eerst door de troepen van den Staat en naderhand
door den inval der Pruissen, voor welken het land geïnundeerd was,
veel geleden.
’T gelust ons niet meer daar van uitteschrijven, gelijk wij ook van dit
punt der Historie van Diemen afstappen, oordeelende genoeg gezegd
te hebben, om te doen begrijpen hoedanig in de jongstledene
troubelen de zaaken desaangaande, aldaar stonden.
BIJZONDERHEDEN
Zijn op dit dorp niet voorhanden; ’t geen er te bezien valt, zijn alleenlijk
de gebouwen, hier voor beschreven: intusschen vergete men niet het
kerkhof rond te wandelen, om de Batavische en menschlievende
Jonkvrouw Catharina Amaria Best, die aldaar begraven ligt, in
zegening te gedenken: haar graf is kenbaar aan een blauwen zerk,
schuin liggende op een gemetselden voet: dat zij bij alle menschen
met erkentenis gedacht behoort te worden, is te bewijzen uit het geen
op haar zerk gelezen wordt: dus luidende:
Voor Jonkvrouw
CATHARINA MARIA BEST
Geboren den 16 Maart 1740,
overleden in Amsteldam
den 4 februarij 1782.
en begraven den 9 dito. [16]
LOGEMENTEN
REISGELEGENHEDEN
De
LIGGING,
NAAMSOORSPRONG.
AANLEG en GROOTTE.
Aan iederen toegang tot de Meir, als ook aan het nieuwe diep en bij
de kruislaan, aan het zandpad of de weespervaart, is een wachthuis
geplaatst, tot verblijf der nachtwachten; voorheen werd door hen
ronde gedaan, doch dit is sinds verscheidene jaaren niet meer in
gebruik: er houden nu in ieder wachthuis twee man, en alzo tien
zamen post; in den zomer van negen uuren des avonds, en ’s
winters van half negen uuren, tot ’s morgens een half uur na het
openen der poorten te Amsteldam: voords is ieder nachtwacht met
een geladen geweer, een rondstok, en een hond gewapend. Er
wordt in de Meir ook een goede brandspuit onderhouden, ten
dienste van welke de inwooners verpligt zijn, ten ware zij voor het
ontslag van dien dienst betaalen. [8]
Het getal der huizen, waaronder met recht gezegd wordt, dat veele
deftige en aanzienlijke landhuizen behooren, werdt in den jaare 1730
bepaald, op 227; dit getal is merkelijk verminderd, om dat sinds
eenige jaaren verscheidene aanzienlijke buitenplaatsen gesloopt, en
tot wei- of warmoesiers-land gemaakt zijn: deeze huizen worden
bewoond, indien men er de gezinnen welken op de buitenplaatsen
den zomer komen doorbrengen, bij telt, door 250 huisgezinnen; de
eigenlijke bewooners der Meir, schat men op een tal van 500, de
dienstboden daaronder niet begrepen: deezen zijn nagenoeg voor
de helft den Gereformeerden Godsdienst toegedaan, die te Diemen
of te Amsteldam ter kerke gaan; de overige bewooners zijn van den
Roomschen Godsdienst, (uitgezonderd eenige weinige
Lutherschen,) behoorende voor een gedeelte onder Diemen, een
gedeelte te Amsteldam, en het overige onder de kerk op het
Hoedemaakerspad.
Het
WAPEN.
Dit is een zwaan in waterriet; op het lijf der zwaane is een gewoon
wapenschild, waarop de letters W. G. M. (Watergraftsmeir.)
GODSDIENSTIGE GEBOUWEN.
Onder dit artijkel kunnen wij voegelijk plaatsen het school, aldaar
aangelegd in den jaare 1786, toen, (op den 1sten Augustus) het
onderwijs begon: het staat aan den Ringdijk, niet verre van de
Schulpbrug, en is een allezins aan het oogmerk voldoend gebouw;
alle de kinderen uit de Meir worden aldaar ter schoole besteld, van
wat kerk de ouders ook mogen weezen; betaalende daarvoor niet
aan den Meester, die door de Regeering van de Meir op een
bepaald tractement aangesteld wordt, maar aan gemelde Regeering
zelve; ofschoon de Meester ook de vrijheid hebbe kinderen van
buiten het district der Meir in zijne school te ontvangen, na alvoorens
door de ouders derzelven, met Heeren [9]Gecommitteerden, (welke
ook regeringsleden zijn) dieswegen is gesproken, en als dan een
order-briefjen van dezelve aan hem wordt vertoond.
WERELDLIJKE GEBOUWEN.