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Business Communication Essentials, 6e (Bovee/Thill)
Chapter 7 Writing Routine and Positive Messages
1) When developing routine requests and positive messages, you should ________.
A) slowly build up to the request or main idea
B) not assume that your audience will comply
C) demand action to ensure compliance
D) be non-specific when stating what you want
E) state precisely what you want
Answer: E
Explanation: E) You should begin routine requests by placing your initial request up front,
where it stands out and gets the most attention. Of course, getting right to the point should not be
interpreted as license to be abrupt or tactless. You should pay attention to tone. Instead of
demanding action, soften your request with words such as "please" and "I would appreciate."
Classification: Conceptual
AACSB: Communication Abilities
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Outcome: Describe strategies for developing routine and positive messages
2) Routine requests should begin with ________.

A) a clear statement of request
B) a buffer that builds up to the main request
C) a justification for the request
D) an attention-getting statement, fact or question
E) the phrase "thank you in advance" or similar words of appreciation
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Making requests is a routine part of business. In most cases, your audience will
be prepared to comply. Therefore, using the direct approach, open with your main idea, which is
a clear statement of your request. Use the body to give details and justify your request, then close
by requesting specific action.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
3) When stating your routine request up front, you should ________.
A) use a demanding tone to ensure compliance
B) assume that your audience will comply
C) avoid spelling out exactly what you want
D) first offer a justification for the request
E) use the phrase "thank you in advance"
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Making requests is a routine part of business. In most cases, your audience will
be prepared to comply, as long as you're not being unreasonable.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
4) When stating your routine request upfront, you should ________.

A) use the phrase "thank you in advance"
B) first offer a justification for the request
C) use a demanding tone to ensure compliance
D) state precisely what you want
E) not assume that your audience will comply
Answer: D
Explanation: D) You should be specific about what you want when stating your request upfront
in a routine request message.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
5) When making a routine request, the body of your message should ________.
A) put your most important request at the end
B) explain and justify your request
C) address multiple topics in one question
D) offer apologies for any inconvenience caused
E) include information about how you can be reached
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Use the body of your message to explain your request. Make the explanation a
smooth and logical outgrowth of your opening remarks. If complying with the request could
benefit the reader, be sure to mention that.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
2
6) When explaining and justifying multiple requests or questions in the body of your message,
you should ________.
A) address all topics in one question
B) offer apologies for any inconvenience caused
C) start with your most important request
D) not assume that your audience will comply
E) avoid asking questions of the reader
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Use the body of your message to explain your request. You can also use the
body to ask questions that will help you organize the message and help your audience identify
the information you need. However, be sure to ask only relevant questions. To help expedite the
response to your request, ask only questions that are central to your main request.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
7) When explaining and justifying your routine request in the body of your message, you should
________.
A) address multiple topics in one question
B) offer apologies for any inconvenience caused
C) put your most important request at the end
D) not assume that your audience will comply
E) break down complex requests into specific questions
Answer: E
Explanation: E) If you have an unusual or complex request, break it down into specific,
individual questions so that the reader can address each one separately. This consideration not
only shows respect for your audience's time but also gets you a more accurate answer in less
time.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
3
8) The closing of a routine request message should include ________.
A) a sincere apology for the inconvenience caused
B) explanations and justifications for the request
C) the phrase "thank you in advance" to ensure compliance
D) information about how you can be reached
E) questions that will help you organize the message
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Request messages should be closed with a request for some specific action,
information about how you can be reached, and an expression of appreciation. Concluding your
note with "Thank you" or "Thanks for your help" is fine, although "Thank you in advance" is
considered stuffy and presumptuous.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
9) The closing of a routine request message should include ________.

A) a sincere apology for the inconvenience caused
B) explanations and justifications for the request
C) the phrase "thank you in advance" to ensure compliance
D) a specific request that includes any relevant deadlines
E) questions that will help you organize the message
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Close your message with three important elements: (1) a specific request that
includes any relevant deadlines, (2) information about how you can be reached (if it isn't
obvious), and (3) an expression of appreciation or goodwill.
LO: 1
Difficulty: Easy
4
10) You are developing a routine request asking the sales personnel in your team to submit their
sales figures for the month. Which of the following would most effectively close your message?
A) Please send me the information by Thursday evening so that I can include the information in
the monthly sales report. Thank you.
B) These figures should reach my office as soon as possible.
C) I would like to have these figures at the earliest since they need to be included in the monthly
sales report. Thanks in advance.
D) Please ensure that this request is complied with by Thursday evening so that I can include the
figures in the monthly sales report.
E) I expect this information to be sent by Thursday. Please note that time is of the essence here.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) The closing of a routine request message should have three important elements:
(1) a specific request that includes any relevant deadlines, (2) information about how you can be
reached (if it isn't obvious), and (3) an expression of appreciation or goodwill.
Classification: Application
AACSB: Communication Abilities; Analytic Skills
LO: 1
Difficulty: Difficult
11) A message sent by an HR manager asking all employees to submit details about overtime
performed in the previous quarter is an example of a routine request asking for ________.
A) settlements to claims
B) recommendations
C) adjustments
D) information or action
E) references
Answer: D
Explanation: D) Routine requests asking for information or action are used when you need to
know about something, elicit an opinion from someone, or request a simple action.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Moderate
5
12) You write to your college professor, asking her to vouch for your skills and abilities to a
prospective employer. This is an example of a routine request asking for ________.
A) settlements to claims
B) recommendations
C) adjustments
D) information or action
E) mediation
Answer: B
Explanation: B) The need to inquire about people arises often in business. For example, before
extending credit or awarding contracts, jobs, promotions, or scholarships, companies often ask
applicants to supply references. Requests for recommendations and references are routine, so you
can organize your inquiry using the direct approach.
LO: 2
13) Which of the following is a point to keep in mind when developing routine requests for
recommendations?
A) Use the indirect approach for requests for recommendations.
B) Avoid stating why the recommendation is required.
C) Always ask for permission before using someone as a reference.
D) Always offer to pay for the favor.
E) Avoid pressuring the receiver by mentioning a deadline.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Before you volunteer someone's name as a reference, ask permission to do so.
Some people don't want you to use their names, perhaps because they don't know enough about
you to feel comfortable writing a letter or because they or their employers have a policy of not
providing recommendations.
LO: 2
6
14) When developing routine requests for recommendations, one should ________.
A) use the direct approach for requests for recommendations
B) avoid stating why the recommendation is required
C) ask the referee to sign the letter
D) offer to pay for the favor
E) avoid pressuring the receiver by mentioning a deadline
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Requests for recommendations and references are routine, so you can organize
your inquiry using the direct approach.
LO: 2
15) The opening of a request for recommendation should ________.

A) include the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent
B) mention the deadline for sending the letter
C) trigger the reader's memory of the relationship he/she had with the person referred
D) include an offer to pay for the service rendered
E) contain a neutral buffer statement or statements
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Requests for recommendations and references are routine, so you can organize
your inquiry using the direct approach. Open your message by clearly stating why the
recommendation is required and that you would like your reader to write the letter. If you haven't
had contact with the person for some time, use the opening to trigger the reader's memory of the
relationship you had, the dates of association, and any special events that might bring a clear and
favorable picture of you to mind.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
7
16) The opening of a request for recommendation should ________.
A) contain a sincere apology for the trouble caused
B) clearly state why the recommendation is required
C) include an offer to pay for the service rendered
D) include the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent
E) contain a neutral buffer statement or statements
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Requests for recommendations and references are routine, so you can organize
your inquiry using the direct approach. Open your message by clearly stating why the
recommendation is required and that you would like your reader to write the letter.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
17) The body of a request for recommendations should ________.

A) clearly state the deadline for recommendation
B) include an offer to pay for the service rendered
C) contain a sincere apology for the trouble caused
D) mention the deadline for sending the letter
E) list all the information the recipient would need in order to write the recommendation
Answer: E
Explanation: E) Use the body of a request for recommendations to list all the information the
recipient would need in order to write the recommendation, including the full name and address
of the person to whom the letter should be sent.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
18) The body of a request for recommendations should ________.

A) include the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent.
B) mention a deadline for recommendation
C) include an offer to pay for the service rendered
D) contain a sincere apology for the trouble caused
E) contain an expression of appreciation
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Use the body of a request for recommendations to list all the information the
recipient would need in order to write the recommendation, including the full name and address
of the person to whom the letter should be sent.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
8
19) You should close a request for recommendation with ________.
A) the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent
B) a complete career summary
C) a sincere apology for the trouble caused
D) an expression of appreciation
E) a statement that triggers the reader's memory of the relationship you had
Answer: D
Explanation: D) When writing a request for recommendation, close your message with an
expression of appreciation. When asking for an immediate recommendation, you should also
mention the deadline. Always be sure to enclose a stamped, preaddressed envelope as a
convenience to the other party.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
20) You should close a request for immediate recommendation with ________.
A) the full name and address of the person to whom the letter should be sent
B) a complete career summary
C) a sincere apology for the trouble caused
D) a mention of the deadline
E) a statement that triggers the reader's memory of the relationship you had
Answer: D
Explanation: D) When writing a request for recommendation, close your message with an
expression of appreciation. When asking for an immediate recommendation, you should also
mention the deadline. Always be sure to enclose a stamped, preaddressed envelope as a
convenience to the other party.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
9
21) When sending a request for printed recommendation, you should always ________.
A) offer to pay for the service rendered by the person providing the reference
B) enclose a pre-written letter that the receiver only needs to sign
C) enclose a stamped, preaddressed envelope as a convenience to the other party
D) apologize sincerely for the trouble caused
E) use the indirect approach
Answer: C
Explanation: C) When sending a request for recommendations, always be sure to enclose a
stamped, preaddressed envelope as a convenience to the other party.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
22) Sandra's new laptop is not running some key applications. She sends an email to the
company's customer care center explaining the problem. This is an example of a routine request
for ________.
A) making a claim
B) information
C) recommendations
D) finalizing a decision
E) adjustment
Answer: A
Explanation: A) If you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, you can opt to make
a claim (a formal complaint) or request an adjustment (a settlement of a claim).
LO: 2
10
23) Zack's dishwasher has broken down several times since he bought it six months ago. Zack
writes a letter to the company's customer care center, explaining his problem and requesting that
he receive a replacement for the defective product. This is an example of a routine message
________.
A) asking for information
B) requesting recommendations
C) asking for a decision
D) requesting adjustment
E) requesting action
Answer: D
Explanation: D) If you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, you can opt to make
a claim (a formal complaint) or request an adjustment (a settlement of a claim).
LO: 2
24) When making claims or requesting adjustments, you should ________.

A) avoid revealing your contact information
B) use the indirect approach
C) always maintain a professional tone
D) not request specific action; leave that to the reader
E) warn the reader of the consequences of inaction
Answer: C
Explanation: C) If you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, you can opt to make a
claim or request an adjustment. In either case, it's important to maintain a professional tone in all
your communication, no matter how angry or frustrated you are. Keeping your cool will help you
get the situation resolved sooner. In most cases, and especially in your first message, assume that
a fair adjustment will be made and use a direct request.
LO: 2
11
25) When making claims or requesting adjustments, you should ________.
A) warn the reader of the consequences of inaction
B) apologize for the inconvenience caused
C) clearly convey your anger and frustration
D) keep your cool, no matter how angry or frustrated you are
E) use the indirect approach
Answer: D
Explanation: D) If you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, you can opt to make
a claim or request an adjustment. In either case, it's important to maintain a professional tone in
all your communication, no matter how angry or frustrated you are. Keeping your cool will help
you get the situation resolved sooner.
LO: 2
26) When making claims or requesting adjustments, you should open with a(n) ________.
A) apology for the inconvenience caused
B) straightforward statement of the problem
C) neutral buffer statement
D) expression of your anger and frustration
E) complete and specific explanation of the details of the problem
Answer: B
Explanation: B) If you're dissatisfied with a company's product or service, you can opt to make a
claim or request an adjustment. In most cases, and especially in your first message, assume that a
fair adjustment will be made and use a direct request. Open with a straightforward statement of
the problem.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
12
27) In the body of your routine message making claims or requesting actions, you should
________.
A) clearly express your anger and frustration
B) warn the reader of the consequences of inaction
C) apologize for the inconvenience caused
D) request specific action
E) give a complete and specific explanation of the details
Answer: E
Explanation: E) In the body of a request making a claim or requesting adjustments, you should
give a complete, specific explanation of the details; provide any information an adjuster would
need to verify your complaint.
LO: 2
Difficulty: Easy
28) In the close of your routine message making claims or requesting actions, you should
________.
A) politely request specific action
B) apologize for the inconvenience caused
C) warn the reader of the consequences of inaction
D) give a complete, specific explanation of the details of the claim
E) clearly express your anger and frustration
Answer: A
Explanation: A) In the close of your request making claims or requesting adjustments, you
should politely request specific action or convey a sincere desire to find a solution. And, if
appropriate, suggest that the business relationship will continue if the problem is solved
satisfactorily.
LO: 2
13
29) Which of the following is a guideline for making effective claims or requesting adjustments?
A) Always close with a sincere apology for the inconvenience caused.
B) Clearly convey your anger and frustration through your message.
C) Avoid giving a detailed explanation of your claim in the message.
D) Be prepared to back up your claim with relevant documents.
E) Warn the reader of the consequences of non-compliance.
Answer: D
Explanation: D) When sending messages making claims or requesting adjustments, be prepared
to back up your claim with invoices, sales receipts, canceled checks, dated correspondence, and
any other relevant documents. Send copies and keep the originals for your files.
LO: 2
30) As the HR manager at Greenview Insurance, you wish to communicate to a job applicant that
he has been selected for the final interview process for the position of Financial Analyst. Which
of the following sentences is the best opening line to use when using the direct approach for
positive messages?
A) At Greenview Insurance, we believe in hiring people who share our vision of excellence in
customer service.
B) We are pleased to inform you that, after much deliberation and an exhaustive review of your
qualifications and test results, we have decided to select you from the pool of applicants for the
final interview stage for the position of Financial Analyst at Greenview Insurance.
C) This is to let you know that we have carefully considered your qualifications and test results
and compared them with those of our other job applicants and have concluded that you should be
shortlisted for the final interview process for the position of Financial Analyst at Greenview
Insurance.
D) You have been selected for the final interview for the position of Financial Analyst at
Greenview Insurance.
E) Did you know that Greenview Insurance has consistently been rated one of the best employers
in the financial sector since its inception in 1984?
Answer: D
Explanation: D) When using the direct approach in organizing a positive message, open with a
clear and concise expression of the main idea or good news. Be brief and to the point and avoid
giving unnecessary information that buries the purpose.
Classification: Critical Thinking
AACSB: Communication Abilities; Reflective Thinking Skills
LO: 3
14
31) Which of the following is a strategy for routine replies and positive messages?
A) using the indirect approach
B) placing your main idea in the opening of the message
C) opening with an interesting fact or question
D) avoiding embedding negative information in a positive context
E) introducing your main idea in the body of the message
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Readers receiving routine replies and positive messages will generally be
interested in what you have to say, so you will usually use the direct approach. Therefore, place
your main idea—the positive reply or the good news—in the opening.
LO: 3
15
Roza bought a bookcase from a furniture store two days back. As she was trying to assemble the
bookcase, two of the pieces broke off at the corners when being screwed together. Roza
developed the following email to make a claim and request an adjustment of the company.
From: roza.white@mail.com
To: feedback@kian.com
Sub: Request for product replacement
Dear Customer Service Representative,
I am terribly disappointed at the quality of the product I bought at Kian Furniture. I was shocked
when some of the pieces just broke off into my hands during assembly.
Two of the pieces of the bookcase (model no. DA236698) I bought from your store in Decatur,
GA, on 6 June, 2011, broke off at the corners when I was trying to screw them together to
assemble the furniture. I was using the tools that were enclosed with the product and was
following the assembly directions closely. I have attached a scanned copy of the bill for the
purchase.
I want my money to be returned at the earliest. I have bought several products from Kian in the
past but will not do so again if this matter is not resolved satisfactorily. You can reach me on my
cell phone at (456) 123-4567. I look forward to hearing from you by the weekend.
Sincerely,
Roza White
32) This message is likely to be ineffective because it fails to ________.

A) maintain the writer's anger and frustration
B) warn the reader of the consequences of non-compliance
C) include a negative buffer statement in the opening
D) use the indirect approach
E) use a professional tone
Answer: E
Explanation: E) A message requesting claims must always maintain a professional tone, no
matter how angry or frustrated the writer is. It should show confidence in the reader's sense of
fairness and avoid threats, sarcasm, hostility, or exaggeration. Keeping your cool will help you
get the situation resolved sooner.
LO: 3
16
33) Which of the following statements would best replace the opening of the above message?
A) I am a regular customer at Kian and have always enjoyed the interactive shopping
environment and modern and functional designs in your stores.
B) I was always a huge fan of the furniture at Kian and have bought several products from your
stores. However, I am very disappointed with my new purchase.
C) Some pieces of a bookcase that I recently bought from your store broke during assembly.
Please arrange to give me a complete refund of the price of the bookcase or a voucher for the
same amount.
D) I expect a full and complete refund or voucher for the price of the bookcase that I recently
bought. Considering that it broke during assembly and is useless to me, don't you think that my
request is only fair?
E) I am a regular customer at Kian and have always enjoyed the interactive shopping
environment and modern and functional designs in your stores. However, my latest experience
has been less than satisfactory.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) The opening line of a message making a claim or requesting adjustment should
clearly state the problem. The tone of the statement must be professional and not angry or
disappointed.
LO: 3
17
34) As an expert in business communication, you realize that the following closing line in Roza's
message is not likely to be effective: "I want my money to be returned at the earliest. I have
bought several products from Kian in the past but will not do so again if this matter is not
resolved satisfactorily." Which of the following statements would best replace these lines?
A) Please resolve this issue at the earliest. Also, please keep in mind that I will no longer shop at
Kian if this issue is not resolved satisfactorily.
B) I would appreciate a complete refund of my money for this product or a voucher for the same
amount. I have bought several pieces from Kian in the past and enjoy your modern and
functional designs and excellent customer service.
C) I did enjoy shopping at Kian and your modern and functional designs. However, whether or
not I continue shopping from your stores depends on how you respond to my request.
D) I expect a full and complete refund or voucher for the price of the bookcase that I recently
bought. Considering that it broke during assembly and is now useless to me, don't you think that
my request is only fair?
E) Please give me complete refund of my money or a voucher for the same amount. Otherwise,
I'll just have to take my business somewhere else next time.
Answer: B
Explanation: B) The closing of a message making a claim or requesting adjustment should
request specific action and adopt a professional tone. It should show confidence in the reader's
sense of fairness and avoid threats, sarcasm, hostility, or exaggeration.
LO: 3
35) Which of the following is a strategy for routine replies and positive messages?
A) using the indirect approach
B) introducing your main idea in the body of the message
C) opening with an interesting fact or question
D) embedding any negative information in a favorable context
E) assuming that your audience will generally not be interested in your message
Answer: D
Explanation: D) If your routine message is mixed and must convey mildly disappointing
information, put the negative portion of your message into as favorable a context as possible.
LO: 3
18
36) Routine replies and positive messages should close with ________.
A) a sincere apology for the trouble caused
B) information highlighting a benefit to the audience
C) a detailed explanation of the request
D) a mention of the consequences of non-compliance
E) information about negative aspects of the request, if any
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Your message is more likely to succeed if it leaves your readers with the feeling
that you have their best interests in mind. You can accomplish this by highlighting a benefit to
the audience or by expressing appreciation or goodwill.
LO: 3
37) Routine replies and positive messages should close with ________.
A) a sincere apology for the trouble caused
B) an expression of appreciation or goodwill
C) a detailed explanation of the request
D) a mention of the consequences of non-compliance
E) information about the negative aspects of the request, if any
Answer: B
Explanation: B) Your message is more likely to succeed if it leaves your readers with the feeling
that you have their best interests in mind. You can accomplish this by highlighting a benefit to
the audience or by expressing appreciation or goodwill.
LO: 3
19
38) Which of the following is a guideline for granting claims and requests for adjustment when
your company is at fault?
A) Sympathize with the customer's inconvenience or frustration.
B) Specifically assign blame by name to someone in your organization.
C) Start from the assumption that the information the customer provided is incorrect.
D) Imply that the customer is at fault.
E) Avoid taking or assigning personal responsibility for setting matters straight.
Answer: A
Explanation: A) Most routine responses to claims and adjustments when your company is at
fault should take your company's specific policies into account and address the following points:
acknowledge receipt of the customer's claim or complaint; sympathize with the customer's
inconvenience or frustration; take (or assign) personal responsibility for setting matters straight;
explain precisely how you have resolved, or plan to resolve, the situation; take steps to repair the
relationship; and follow up to verify that your response was correct.
LO: 4
39) Which of the following is a guideline for granting claims and requests for adjustment when
your company is at fault?
A) Do not go into details of how you plan to resolve the situation.
B) Specifically assign blame to someone in your organization by name.
C) Start from the assumption that the information the customer provided is correct.
D) Imply that the customer is at fault.
E) Avoid taking or assigning personal responsibility for setting matters straight.
Answer: C
Explanation: C) Most routine responses to claims and adjustments when your company is at
fault should take your company's specific policies into account and address the following points:
acknowledge receipt of the customer's claim or complaint; sympathize with the customer's
inconvenience or frustration; take (or assign) personal responsibility for setting matters straight;
explain precisely how you have resolved, or plan to resolve, the situation; take steps to repair the
relationship; and follow up to verify that your response was correct.
LO: 4
Difficulty: Easy
20
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In order fully to understand the Russian revolution and its

ultimate destiny, says the author, we must understand the Russian
peasant who constitutes by far the most important element, and the
mightiest force in Russian life. He maintains that the current
opinions of him are utterly and thoroughly false. Although ignorant
and oppressed by centuries of despotism, he is highly intelligent and
has a will and a goal of his own, which has played a part in the
revolutionary movement and is destined to play a part in the future
of Russia. Contents: The peasant at home; Under serfdom;
Education in the Russian village; The legal and social position of the
peasant; The peasant as a farmer; Taxation; Home-industries and
wage-labor; The other alternatives; The ideology of the peasant (1)
political, (2) social; Battling for land; The cadets and the peasants;
The social-revolutionaries and the peasant; The bolsheviki and the
peasant; The gist of the peasant problem; The co-operative
movement and the peasant; Bolshevism, the American democracy
and the peasant; Bibliography.
“The best chapters are the first eight, which depict the economic
and the social life of the peasants.” M. Rostovtsev
+ − Am Hist R 26:364 Ja ’21 490w
“Considering the general demand for information, it must be said

that, excellently and sympathetically written as it is, Mr Hindus’s
book, ‘The Russian peasant and the revolution,’ is a failure. It is a
failure because it contains hardly a word that helps us to understand
what is now going on in Russia.” M. L. L.
− + Freeman 2:334 D 15 ’20 360w
“We need this book to get the full significance of the numerous and
contradictory reports about Russia that are published in our daily
press. For only when we know what the status of the Russian people
was before the war can we judge whether conditions in Russia are
improved or made worse by the Soviet government. Another signal
service that Mr Hindus has performed is the dissipation of the
illusions about the soul or the character of the Russian peasant.” J. J.
S.
+ Grinnell R 16:307 D ’20 560w

“Such bias as he has is valuable, being the result of his own
peasant origin and early associations. There are lucid and concrete
chapters, without sentimentality, as remote as possible from the
moonshine with which Stephen Graham for some years saturated
English readers.” Jacob Zeitlin
+ Nation 112:19 Ja 5 ’21 340w
“The reviewer has not been able to detect a trace of propaganda in

it, and can find nobody but the observer and historian. Not that Mr
Hindus is colorless. Without becoming a mere annalist, it is hard to
see how a writer could be fairer or more impartial.”
+ N Y Times p18 Ag 22 ’20 3050w
[2]
HINE, REGINALD L. Cream of curiosity: being
an account of certain historical and literary
manuscripts of the XVIIth, XVIIIth and XIXth
centuries. il *$6 Dutton 040
20–18243
“‘The cream of curiosity,’ by Reginald L. Hine is an account by the

author of several manuscript collections in his possession. The most
interesting of them appears to be the Heath papers, extracts from
which throw a true ‘Sidelight on the Civil war.’ The extracts from
Harpsfield’s life of Sir Thomas More are familiar. Two of these
papers have already appeared in Blackwood; those dealing with
Monmouth and Sir Justinian Pagitt. A collection of epitaphs is
exceptionally good.”—Sat R
“For the most part the manuscripts which he prints are heavy
work. Nor is he always over-happy in the presentation of his
documents: the humour drags. Yet he deserves well of readers in
general: he sets a liberal example for other owners of mss.; and his
book is in its externals one of the best for many months.”
− + Ath p170 Ag 6 ’20 570w
“Possessing a sense of humor, an ability to appraise human nature,

and a profound respect for truth, he has given enough of these old
manuscripts to reproduce for us a picture of the times in which their
writers lived. These papers are not without value to the historian.” G.
H. S.
+ Boston Transcript p4 Ja 22 ’21 560w

+ − Eng Hist R 35:622 O ’20 400w
Reviewed by E. L. Pearson
+ Review 3:619 D 22 ’20 180w
“The book is very well illustrated and printed and will be found an
excellent thing to dip into and dally with in the spirit in which it was
written. It is a book for the country house table.”
+ Sat R 130:463 D 4 ’20 100w
“His book demands not so much to be read from cover to cover as

to be kept within easy reach of one’s most comfortable chair, to be
opened at random, and browsed upon in the leisurely, epicurean way
in which we can picture the author himself perusing his manuscripts.
Nor are they altogether without their value for the historian.”
+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p393 Je

24 ’20 1350w
HINKSON, KATHARINE (TYNAN) (MRS

HENRY ALBERT HINKSON). Love of brothers.
*$1.75 (2c) Benziger
20–3710
Sir Shawn O’Gara had upbraided his dearest friend, his brother in
affection, for having ruined—as he thought—a young girl of the
people; and enraged beyond control at Terence Comerford’s careless
laugh had lashed the spirited horse, Spitfire, Terence was riding, thus
sending him to his death. The shadow of his remorse haunted Sir
Shawn throughout his subsequent, unusually blest married life.
Retribution overtook him when his own son fell in love with Terence
Comerford’s supposedly illegitimate daughter, Stella, and when his
horse Mustapha, grandson of Spitfire and as spirited as his ancestor
threw and apparently killed him. But he lived and Stella was proven
legitimate and of exceedingly fine metal for standing up for and
openly loving her mother while still in disgrace.
Booklist 17:33 O ’20

“Her mastery of her material is complete; she shapes it into fresh
form, leaving no suggestion of the hackneyed or the improbable.”
+ Cath World 111:542 Jl ’20 160w
“After the production of some sixty-four novels, it is something yet

to be able to achieve a story which shows no signs of a worn-out
imagination, but a decided quickening of spirit. Katharine Tynan
tells her tale simply and with economy of words; yet there is real
originality of plot and individuality of outlook, the whole showing a
definite form, finely moulded.”
+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p518 S 25

’19 220w
HISTORY of the American field service in France;

Friends of France, 1914–1917; told by its members.
3v il *$12.50 Houghton 940.373
20–15471
“Four years ago, while yet our armies were in the field, was
published a volume entitled ‘Friends of France,’ which contained
numerous accounts of the work done by American soldiers in France
who wore the blue of the poilu. The war was still in progress and
some of our regiments were still on the way overseas in danger of
submarines and anticipating the serious work which was to follow.
The volume, ‘Friends of France,’ was therefore more or less
provisional and incomplete. This publication then is designed to
supersede the former work; its aim, as expressed by the publishers, is
to fill in the gaps and finish the story, to give the final record of all
the sections, new as well as old, and of the work of the many
hundreds of younger volunteers as well as of the pioneers of 1915 and
1916.”—Boston Transcript
“Very carefully have the selections been made and they are edited
with rare skill and discrimination.” E. T. C.
+ Boston Transcript p8 S 15 ’20 700w

R of Rs 62:445 O ’20 130w
The Times [London] Lit Sup p654 O 7
’20 70w
HOBBS, WILLIAM HERBERT. Leonard

Wood, administrator, soldier, and citizen. il *$2
(4½c) Putnam
20–6726
The emphasis of this account of General Wood’s career is put on

his advocacy of military preparedness. The author of the book sees as
much danger in pacifism and internationalism as opposed to
national preparedness, now as before and during the war. Henry A.
Wise Wood writes a foreword to the book in the same spirit. The
contents under the two divisions of: The soldier and administrator;
and Prophet and organizer of preparedness, are: An American
soldier; The builder of republics; Roosevelt’s estimate of Wood;
Organizing the American army for defence; The fight against
pacifism; The darkening of counsel; “Broomstick preparedness”; At
war; A soldier’s reward; Addendum; Partial list of writings of General
Leonard Wood; Books and articles concerning General Leonard
Wood.
“The book is obviously a campaign document and not a very good

one. It is so fulsome in its eulogy of its hero and so bitter in its
denunciation of all who disagree with him, but above all of President
Wilson, that it overshoots its mark in both directions.” L. B. Evans
− Am Pol Sci R 14:719 N ’20 310w

Freeman 1:71 Mr 31 ’20 160w
“Serviceable and readable volume.”
+ R of Rs 61:558 My ’20 70w
HOBHOUSE, STEPHEN. Joseph Sturge. *1.50

Dutton
“A short biography (198 pages) of this earnest-minded Quaker,

social reformer, and Chartist, who died in 1859, a year after he had
been appointed President of the Peace society (British).” (Brooklyn)
“Among the big things which he looked after were temperance, anti-
slavery, Chartism and reform, free trade, education, international
arbitration and peace.” (Ath)
“Mr Hobhouse has performed his task adequately, with a

conscientious enthusiasm for his subject. But it must be confessed
that his book is a little heavy, a little leaden.” L. W.
+ − Ath p207 Ap 18 ’19 1050w
Brooklyn 12:68 Ja ’20 30w
Review 3:95 Jl 28 ’20 90w
Spec 122:433 Ap 5 ’19 300w
HOBSON, JOHN ATKINSON. Morals of

economic internationalism. (Barbara Weinstock
lectures on the morals of trade) *$1 (2½c) Houghton
172.4
20–21968
“It ought not to be the case that there is one standard of morality
for individuals in their relations with one another, a different and a
slighter standard for corporations, and a third and still slighter
standard for nations.” That this, however, actually is the case is the
book’s contention. The author makes a plea for an emergency
commerce and finance agreement between nations by way of
preventing economic ruin and starvation in the war-stricken
countries of Europe. “For morality among nations, as among
individuals, implies faith and risk-taking.”
Nation 112:sup245 F 9 ’21 370w

Survey 45:468 D 26 ’20 230w
HOBSON, JOHN ATKINSON. Taxation in the
new state. *$1.75 (3c) Harcourt 336.42
(Eng ed 20–114)
The author holds that the war’s legacies of indebtedness and its
large sudden demands of state expenditure for reconstruction,
calling for an enormous increase in tax-income, necessitates a re-
examination of the principles of tax policy. “Recognizing that the
normal annual tax-income can only be derived from the incomes of
the several members of the nation ... we are confronted first with the
necessity of distinguishing the portions of personal incomes that
have ability to bear taxation from those that have not such ability.”
(Preface) The object of the book then is to arrive at a clear definition
of ‘ability to bear’ and to ascertain the reforms needed to conform the
demands of taxation to this principle. The book falls into two parts.
Part 1: Principles of tax reform, contains: Ability to pay; The taxable
surplus; The shifting of taxes; The taxation of income; Reforms of
income-tax: Death duties; Supplementary taxes; Tariffs for revenue.
Contents of part 2, Emergency finance, are: Our financial emergency;
A levy on war-made wealth; A general levy upon capital; Relations of
imperial to local taxation; Index.
“We no doubt adopt philosophies to justify what we want to do or

have decided to do, not as a means of ascertaining what we ought to
do. By working out the philosophy to justify the tax system which
England is apparently heading toward, this book by Professor
Hobson will be of outstanding influence.” C. L. King
+ Ann Am Acad 90:172 Jl ’20 700w

Ath p570 Jl 4 ’19 40w
Booklist 16:330 Jl ’20
“Worth the attention of all students of economics, legislators and

taxpayers in the United States as well as in Great Britain.”
+ Ind 104:248 N 19 ’20 70w
“Of the ways and means of ascertaining the taxable capital and of
collecting the levy, Mr Hobson does not say as much as one would
like. But he is dealing primarily with principle rather than with
practice.” R. R.
+ − Nation 110:431 Ap 3 ’20 1000w
“That Hobson has few illusions regarding the nature of the present
regime, is clearly evident in the second, more interesting half of this
volume.” L: Jacobs
+ − N Y Call p10 Jl 4 ’20 1300w
Reviewed by H. P. Fairchild
+ N Y Evening Post p16 Ap 24 ’20 100w
“That his discussion slips into a discussion of British taxes in

particular lessens the value of his conclusions little, if any, so nearly
alike is the condition of nations in general as a result of war
burdens.”
+ N Y Times p26 Ag 15 ’20 1450w
Reviewed by Lawson Purdy
* + Survey 44:287 My 22 ’20 2800w
“The book is full of assumptions that propositions have been

proved when they have only been asserted, and of insinuations
regarding facts and inferences from them which it is impossible to
make good. The case is, indeed, put before us with an ingenuity
which might almost be called Jesuitical, if Mr Hobson were not so
audaciously open, and even truculent, in his demand for the increase
of the ‘public’ income at the expense of the ‘private surplus,’ in order
to supply the assumed ‘needs’ of the state.”
− The Times [London] Lit Sup p395 Jl 24

’19 1850w
HOBSON, S. G. National guilds and the state.

*$4 (*12s 6d) Macmillan 338.6
(Eng ed 20–16216)
“The first part of this book is devoted to a theoretical discussion of

the relations between producer and consumer, and their joint
relations with the state. It is presupposed that readers are acquainted
with the principles and purposes of the national guild movement.
The argument is largely the outcome of controversy between the
author and Mr G. D. H. Cole, in which different stresses were laid
upon the status of the consumer, ‘and, in consequence, upon the
structure of the state.’ At the end of the second part, which deals with
‘transition,’ Mr Hobson avers his belief that national guilds are
inevitable. ‘There is no student of industry,’ he declares, ‘who ...
would deny the possibility of a revolution’; and the author expresses
his belief that wage-abolition, with its logical sequel of an infinitely
more humane structure of society, will mark a great epoch in the
history of western civilization.”—Ath
“This study marks a distinct advance in our knowledge of guild

proposals.” J: G. Brooks
+ Am Econ R 10:858 D ’20 750w

Ath p383 Mr 19 ’20 150w
+ Booklist 17:94 D ’20
Reviewed by Ordway Tead
Dial 69:412 O ’20 640w
“Mr Hobson in the first chapter of this book is guilty of

substituting dialectic for honest examination. Few better analyses of
the shop-steward movement and the tendencies of the unions have
been written. They are full of rich thinking and are highly
suggestive.” G: Soule
+ − Nation 111:73 Jl 17 ’20 800w
“Continentals and Americans born west of New England will

hardly be able to grasp Mr Hobson’s analysis. The present reviewer,
not being a theologian, confesses hopelessness in the presence of it.
The trouble with Mr Hobson and his brethren is that they are looking
for exactness where none can exist, for the separation of that which
never can be separated. They are modern utopians. They seek
finality.” C: A. Beard
− + New Republic 25:50 D 8 ’20 1900w
“The idea of receiving wages for work done seems to give him
positive pain, but his attempt to formulate a practical alternative is a
sad failure, though it is veiled in obscure terms.”
− Spec 124:281 F 28 ’20 200w
“Admirably argumentative book.” W: L. Chenery
+ Survey 45:288 N 20 ’20 180w

The Times [London] Lit Sup p111 F 12
’20 40w
“It is long, controversial, ill-knit; lacking in clarity of thought and

expression, and in consecutive argument. It gives the impression of
being made up largely of fragments written at different times and
strung together, not worked out in logical sequence. The writer
seems to be striving all the time to get his own thoughts clear as he
goes along, and to find the right words for them.”
− The Times [London] Lit Sup p132 F 26

’20 1050w
HOCKING, JOSEPH. Passion for life. il *$1.90
(1c) Revell
Francis Erskine was given a year to live by his doctor and chooses
the Cornwall coast to pass this year in quiet rural seclusion and in
finding out, if possible, if there is any hope for a life beyond. He is an
unbeliever and has no faith whatever in immortality. His secluded
hut on the cliffs turns out to be almost directly over a cave used by
the Germans for their secret operations and he soon begins to sense
the presence of German spies. He spends his time between
cultivating the village folk and clergy, in his quest for a life after
death, and in trying to discover what the Germans are doing at the
cave. To this last he consecrates himself in patriotic fervor, and
succeeds, but apparently dies in a struggle with a spy. During his
death trance he has a vision of the two worlds and becomes
conscious of the presence of God. He awakes to find that an
operation has been performed on him and that a new life and even
love is waiting for him.
“There is material for a really worth while book in this novel of Mr

Hocking’s and the tale begins well. If the author had only been able
to restrain his fondness for sugar and sentimentality he might have
been able to maintain the whole at the level of the beginning.”
+ − N Y Times 25:287 My 30 ’20 440w

Springf’d Republican p9a Jl 4 ’20 140w
HODGE, ALBERT CLAIRE, and MCKINSEY,

JAMES OSCAR. Principles of accounting. *$3
Univ. of Chicago press 657
20–17381
Three classes of students of accounting are considered in this

volume: those who aim at understanding its use as a means of social
control over business activities—consisting mostly of students of
economics; those who expect to qualify as certified public
accountants; and those who expect to become business executives of
one kind or another. Contents: The meaning and function of
accounting; The relationship of accounting to proprietorship; The
balance sheet; The statement of profit and loss; The account as a
means of classifying information; The construction and
interpretation of particular accounts; The construction and
interpretation of accounts; The trial balance; The adjusting entries;
The closing entries; The source of the ledger entries; Some special
forms of the journal; The use of the general journal; Business
vouchers and forms; The accounting process; Business practice and
procedure; Books of original entry; Controlling accounts; The
construction and interpretation of accounts; Accruals and deferred
items; The adjusting and closing entries; The classification of
accounts; Financial reports; The graphical method of presenting
accounting facts; Appendix.
+ N Y Evening Post p10 O 30 ’20 50w
HODGES, FRANK. Nationalisation of the mines;

with foreword by J: R. Clynes. (New era ser.) $1.75
Seltzer 338.2
(Eng ed 20–6078)
“Mr Hodges’s case is, briefly, that there is inevitably waste in the
production, in the consumption, and in the distribution of coal under
the present system of private ownership. He insists that the coal
industry should be regarded as a whole; that the accidental frontiers
of private ownership are not geological frontiers: that the prime
consideration of an industry developed by shareholders’ capital,
namely, that a certain monetary return should be obtained within a
certain time, is not compatible with the most efficient and scientific
development of that industry; and that different and competitive
systems of distribution involve needless expenses for superfluous
labour. His conclusions are based on figures, and the figures are
taken from government reports. His argument is, in fact, the old
argument that one great trust controlling a whole industry can work
more efficiently and economically than a number of small and
overlapping concerns. Here he develops his second argument. We
have to consider the psychology of the miners. Rightly or wrongly,
they are now reluctant to work for the purpose of creating private
profit. No system of profit-sharing will content them; they insist on
the dignity of being regarded directly as servants of the community;
they have lost all faith in the divine right of employers. That is why
the country, and not a trust, must own and develop the coal-
mines.”—Ath
“He has arranged his matter in a logical sequence, he confines

himself to essentials, and he writes throughout with, at least, an
appearance of scientific detachment.”
+ Ath p369 Mr 19 ’20 670w
“The little book is worth reading if only because it shows the

extremely vague and unpractical nature of the scheme which Mr
Hodges and his colleagues propose to force upon the government
and the nation whether they like it or not.”
− Spec 124:355 Mr 13 ’20 240w
“Mr Hodges is studiously moderate in tone and not unmindful of

the rules of logic.”
+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p163 Mr 11

’20 750w
HOERNLÉ, REINHOLD FRIEDRICH

ALFRED. Studies in contemporary metaphysics.
*$3 (3½c) Harcourt 104
20–4123
The author calls his studies “chips from a metaphysician’s

workshop” and in the opening chapter explains what this workshop
implies, at the same time justifying its existence in the midst of the
vital problems and perplexities of our age. He asserts that there are
evidences in plenty of a vigorous philosophic life; that speculative
interest and activity have been of recent years increasingly varied
and enterprising; and that there has been no lack of originality. What
is needed is to understand its spirit, which the author defines as the
spirit of wholeness, the attempt to view the universe as a whole in the
midst of shifting appearances and accumulative experiences. The
contents are: Prologue—the philosopher’s quest; The idol of scientific
method in philosophy; Philosophy of nature at the cross-roads; On
“doubting the reality of the world of sense”; “Saving the
appearances” in the physical world (note on John Locke’s distinction
of primary and secondary qualities); Mechanism and vitalism;
Theories of mind; The self in self-consciousness; Epilogue—religion
and philosophy of religion; Index.
“Good reading for those interested in modern thought

movements.”
+ Booklist 16:326 Jl ’20
Reviewed by H. B. Alexander
+ Nation 110:sup482 Ap 10 ’20 1250w
“A book like the present one should go far to supply the real need
of a clear and convincing statement of what is admitted to be the
most difficult of all philosophical systems. Mr Hoernlé is to be
congratulated on a work of permanent value.”
+ − Springf’d Republican p11a My 9 ’20

900w
The Times [London] Lit Sup p215 Ap 1
’20 100w
HOFFMAN, CONRAD. In the prison camps of

Germany. il *$4 Assn. press 940.472
20–21330

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9) The closing of a routine request message should include ________.

15) The opening of a request for recommendation should ________.

17) The body of a request for recommendations should ________.

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“His imagination is foot-feathered, and lifts his utterances,

+ Boston Transcript p9 Je 5 ’20 1300w

“Mr Hillyer has written a beautiful poem that is streaked with a

+ Boston Transcript p7 N 24 ’20 1050w

+ Cath World 112:118 O ’20 90w

“‘The five books of youth’ is marked by a beauty of phraseology

+ N Y Times 25:16 Je 27 ’20 230w

+ Review 3:171 Ag 25 ’20 120w

“There is poetry of great promise as well as actual achievement in

+ − Springf’d Republican p8 Je 24 ’20 150w

HINDUS, MAURICE GERSCHON. Russian

In order fully to understand the Russian revolution and its

+ − Am Hist R 26:364 Ja ’21 490w

“Considering the general demand for information, it must be said

− + Freeman 2:334 D 15 ’20 360w

+ Grinnell R 16:307 D ’20 560w

+ Nation 112:19 Ja 5 ’21 340w

“The reviewer has not been able to detect a trace of propaganda in

+ N Y Times p18 Ag 22 ’20 3050w

“‘The cream of curiosity,’ by Reginald L. Hine is an account by the

− + Ath p170 Ag 6 ’20 570w

“Possessing a sense of humor, an ability to appraise human nature,

+ Boston Transcript p4 Ja 22 ’21 560w

+ Review 3:619 D 22 ’20 180w

+ Sat R 130:463 D 4 ’20 100w

“His book demands not so much to be read from cover to cover as

+ − The Times [London] Lit Sup p393 Je

HINKSON, KATHARINE (TYNAN) (MRS

Booklist 17:33 O ’20

+ Cath World 111:542 Jl ’20 160w

“After the production of some sixty-four novels, it is something yet

+ The Times [London] Lit Sup p518 S 25

HISTORY of the American field service in France;

+ Boston Transcript p8 S 15 ’20 700w

HOBBS, WILLIAM HERBERT. Leonard

The emphasis of this account of General Wood’s career is put on

“The book is obviously a campaign document and not a very good

− Am Pol Sci R 14:719 N ’20 310w

“Serviceable and readable volume.”

+ R of Rs 61:558 My ’20 70w