CHAPTER ONE, TWO AND THREE

MAX MARKS: 70 TIME ALLOWED: 3 HRS

General instructions:
1. There are 33 questions in all. All questions are compulsory.
2. This question paper has five sections: Section A, Section B, Section C, Section D and
Section E. All the sections are compulsory.
3. Section A contains sixteen MCQ of 1 mark each, Section B contains five questions of two
marks each, Section C contains seven questions of three marks each, section D contains
three long questions of five marks each and Section E contains two case study based
questions of 4 marks each.
4. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in section B and
C. You have to attempt only one of the choices in such questions.
5. Use of calculators is not allowed.
6. You may use the following values of physical constants wherever necessary:
e=1.6x10-19 C
c=3x108 m/s
h=6.63x10-34 Js
𝝁𝟎 = 𝟒𝝅 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟕 𝑻𝒎𝑨−𝟏
∈𝟎= 𝟖. 𝟖𝟓 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟏𝟐 𝑪𝟐𝑵−𝟏𝒎−𝟏
𝟏
= 𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎𝟗𝑵𝒎𝟐𝑪−𝟐
𝟒𝝅 ∈𝟎
Mass of neutron = 1.6x 10-27 kg
Mass of proton = 1.6x 10-27 kg
Avogadro’s number = 6.02x 1023 per gram mole
Boltzmann constant = 1.38x 10-23 J/K

SECTION A(1 MARK EACH)

1. Equipotentials at a great distance from a collection of charges whose total sum is not zero
are approximately
(a) spheres.
(b) planes.
(c) paraboloids
(d) ellipsoids
2. Equipotential surfaces
(a) are closer in regions of large electric fields compared to regions of lower fields.
(b) will be more crowded near sharp edges of a conductor.
(c) will be more crowded near regions of large charge densities.
(d) will always be equally spaced.
 3. When a glass rod is rubbed with a silk cloth, charges appear on both. A similar
phenomenon is observed with many other pairs of bodies. This observation is consistent
with the law of
(a) Quantization of charge
(b) Conservation of charge
(c) Both (a) and (b)
(d) None of these
4. The ratio ke2/G memp signifies that
(a) Electrostatic forces can be both attractive and repulsive but gravitational force can
only be attractive
(b) Both electrostatic and gravitational forces are long range forces
(c) Electrostatic forces are much stronger forces than gravitational force
(d) Both electrostatic and gravitational forces obey Newton’s third law of motion.
5. An electrostatic field line is a continuous curve because
(a) A charge always moves along electric field line
(b) Two electric field lines can never intersect each other
(c) An electric field line cannot terminate as well as originate from the same point
(d) None of these
6. Which of the following figures correctly represent electric field lines

(a) Only a
(b) Only b
(c) Only c
(d) None of the above
7. Test charge q is made to move in the electric field of a point charge Q along two different
closed paths (Fig.). First path has sections along and perpendicular to lines of electric
field. Second path is a rectangular loop of the same area as the first loop.
 (a) Work done in first pathy is more
(b) Work done in second path is more
(c) Work done in both path is equal but non zero
(d) Work done in both paths is zero
8. Figure shows some equipotential lines distributed in space. A charged object is moved
from point A to point B

(a) The work done in Fig. (i) is the greatest.

(b) The work done in Fig. (ii) is least.
(c) The work done is the same in Fig. (i), Fig. (ii) and Fig. (iii).
(d) The work done in Fig. (iii) is greater than Fig. (ii)but equal to that in Fig. (i)
9. Consider a uniform electric field in the zˆ direction. The potential is a constant
(a) in all space.
(b) for any x for a given z.
(c) for any y for a given z.
(d) on the x-y plane for a given z
10. As compared to metals, alloys have
(a) High resistivity and high temperature coefficient of resistivity
(b) High resistivity and low temperature coefficient of resistivity
(c) low resistivity and high temperature coefficient of resistivity
(d) low resistivity and low temperature coefficient of resistivity
11. Two wires A and B of the same material, having radii in the ratio 1 : 2 and carry currents in
the ratio 4 : 1. The ratio of drift speeds of electrons in A and B is
(a) 16 : 1 (b) 1 : 16 (c) 1 : 4 (d) 4:1
12. Following figure shows cross-sections through three long conductors of the same length
and material, with square cross-section of edge lengths as shown. Conductor B will fit
snugly within conductor A, and conductor C will fit snugly within conductor B.
Relationship between their end to end resistance is

(a) RA = RB = RC a

(b) RA>RB>RC A B C

(c) RA<RB<R
(d) Information is not sufficient
Directions(Q Nos 13 – 16) Two statements are given-one labelled Assertion (A) and the other
labelled Reason (R). Select the correct answer to these questions from the codes (a), (b), (c)
and (d) as given below.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b) Both A and R are true and R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c) A is true but R is false
d) A is false and R is also false
13. Assertion: On going away from a point charge or a small electric dipole, electric fields
decreases at the same rate in both the cases.
Reason: electric field varies as inversely to square of distance from the charge or from
electric dipole.
14. Assertion: In a non uniform electric field, a dipole will have translatory as well as rotatory
motion.
Reason: In a non uniform electric field, a dipole experiences a force as well as torque.
15. Assertion: An electron has a high potential energy when it is at location associated with a
more negative value of potential.
Reason: Electrons move from a region of higher potential to region of lower potential.
16. Assertion: if a proton and an electron are placed in a same uniform electric field, they
experience different acceleration.
Reason: Electric force on a test charge is independent of its mass.

SECTION B (2 MARKS EACH)

17. An electric dipole, when held at 300 with respect to a uniform electric field of 104N/C,
experience a torque of 9×10−26Nm. Calculate the dipole moment of the dipole?

OR

(a) Electric field due to a point charge has spherical symmetry. What do you mean by this
statement?
𝐹
(b) The electric field E due to a point charge at any point near it is defined as 𝐸 = lim
𝑞→0 𝑞
where q is the test charge and F is the force acting on it. What is the physical
significance of lim q→0 in this expression?
18. Three point charges of 1nC, 2nC and 3nC are placed at the corners of an equilateral
triangle of side 1m. Calculate the work required to move these charges to the corners of a
smaller equilateral triangle of side 0.5m.
19. Calculate the value of the resistance R in the circuit shown in the figure so that the current
in the circuit is 0.2 A. What would be the potential difference between points B and E?

20. Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor?

21. 3 identical cells, each of emf 2V and internal resistance 0.2Ω are connected in series to an
external resistance of 7.4Ω. Draw the circuit diagram and find the current in the circuit.
 SECTION C (3 MARKS EACH)

22. A cube with each side ‘a’ is kept in an electric field given by 𝐸⃗→ = 𝐴𝑥 2 𝑖̂, where A is a
positive dimensional constant. Find out
(i) Electric flux through the cube.
(ii) The net charge inside the cube.

23. Find the electric field intensity due to electric dipole on equatorial line.
24. A parallel plate capacitors is charged to a potential difference ‘V’ by a d.c source. The
capacitor is then disconnected from the source. If the distance between the plates is
doubled, state with reason how the following will change:-
(a) Electric field between the plates
(b) Capacitance
(c) Energy stored in the capacitor.
25.
(a) Why electrostatic potential is constant throughout the volume of the conductor and
has the same value as on its surface?
(b) Intensity of electric field at a perpendicular distance of 0.5 m from an infinitely long
line charge is 3600 V/m. find the value of linear charge density of the line.

26. State Kirchhoff’s laws. Using Kirchhoff’s laws, derive the relation for the balanced
Wheatstone bridge.
27. A system of capacitors connected as shown in figure has a total energy of 160 mJ stored
in it. Obtain the value of the equivalent capacitance of this system and the value of Z.
28.
(a) Deduce the relation between current I flowing through a conductor and drift velocity
of the electrons.
(b) High current is to be drawn safely from (i) a low voltage battery, and (ii) a high
voltage battery. What can you say about the internal resistances of the two batteries?

OR

(i) A cell of emf E and internal resistance r is connected across a variable load
resistance R. Draw plots showing the variation of terminal voltage V with (a) R
and (b) the current (I) in the load.
(ii) The emf of a cell is always greater than its terminal voltage. Why?

SECTION D (5 MARKS EACH)

29.
(a) State Gauss’s theorem.
(b) Using Gauss’s theorem derive an expression for electric field intensity due to a
charged spherical shell at points’
(i) Outside the shell
(ii) On the surface of the shell
(iii) Inside the shell.
(c) Show graphically the variation of Electric field with distance from the centre of the
shell.
30.
(a) Define electric potential at any point. Is it a scalar or a vector quantity. Derive an
expression for it.
(b) Electric field intensity in a region of space is given by E= 10x2 𝑖 N/C. what will be the
potential difference between points A at x=2 and B at x=-1? Which out of A and B is
at high potential?
31.
(a) A dielectric slab of thickness t is kept between the plates of a parallel plate capacitor
separated by a distance d. Derive the expression for the capacity of the capacitor for t
≪ 𝑑.
(b) Figure shows two identical capacitors, C1and C2 each of 1µFcapacitance connected to
a battery of 6V. Initially Switch S is closed. After Sometimes S is left open and
dielectric Slab of dielectric constant k=3 are inserted to fill completely the Space
 between the plates of the two capacitors. How will the charge and potential difference
between the plates of the capacitors be affected after the Slabs are inserted?

SECTION E (4 MARKS EACH)

32. An electric charge will experience a force if an electric field is applied. If it is free to
move, it will thus move contributing to a current. If we consider solid conductors, then of
course the atoms are tightly bound to each other so that the current is carried by the
negatively charged electrons. Consider first the case when no electric field is present. The
electrons will be moving due to thermal motion during which they collide with the fixed
ions. An electron colliding with an ion emerges with the same speed as before the
collision. However, the direction of its velocity after the collision is completely random.
At a given time, there is no preferential direction for the velocities of the electrons. Thus
on the average, the number of electrons travelling in any direction will be equal to the
number of electrons travelling in the opposite direction. So, there will be no net electric
current.
The free electrons in a conductor have random velocity and move in random directions.
When current is applied across the conductor, the randomly moving electrons are
subjected to electrical force along the direction of electric field. Due to this electric field,
free electrons still have their random moving nature, but they will move through the
conductor with a certain force. The net velocity in a conductor due to the moving of
electrons is referred to as the drift of electrons.
(i) Define the term drift velocity of charge carriers. Write its expression in terms of
relaxation time.
(ii) How does the drift velocity of electrons in a metallic conductor change, if the
length of the conductor is doubled by stretching, keeping the applied voltage
constant?
(iii) At room temperature copper has free electron density of 8.4x 1028 per m3. The
copper conductor has a cross section of 10-6 m2 and carries a current of 5.4 A.
what is the electron drift in copper?
33. Electric Toaster
Yum, what could be better than a nice crisp piece of buttered toast first thing in the
morning? If you don’t like standing by the stove watching and waiting for your bread to
turn brown, on electric toaster could be just for the thing for you. You probably known
that a machine like this turns the power of electricity into heat that can cook your bread in
seconds. Lets take closer look inside.
The wire coils within a toaster have appreciable resistance. When there is a current
through them, electrical energy is transferred to thermal energy of the coils, increasing
their temperature. On a microscopic scale, this energy transfer is due to collisions
between the electrons and the molecules of the resistor, which leads to an increase in the
temperature of the resistor. The mechanical energy thus transferred to thermal energy is
dissipated in coils. The coils then emit infrared radiation and visible light that will toast or
burn bread.
(i) Explain why coils of electric toaster made of an alloy rather than a pure metal?
(ii) Plot a graph showing the variation of resistance of a conducting wire as a function
of its length, keeping the radius of the wire and its temperature constant.
(iii) Find the cost of operating an electric toaster for 2h, if it draws a current of 8A on a
220 V supply. The cost of electric energy is Rs. 2.50 per kWh.