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Chapter 7 Exam A
Name
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Select the choice that best answers the problem.
1) Use the given level of confidence and statistics to construct a confidence interval for the 1)____________
population proportion p.
n = 195, x = 162; 95% confidence
A) 0.778 < p < 0.883 B) 0.788 < p < 0.873
C) 0.789 < p < 0.873 D) 0.777 < p < 0.884
2 4)____________
4) Find the critical value χ corresponding to a sample size of 19 and a confidence level of
R
99 percent.
A) 37.156 B) 6.265 C) 34.805 D) 7.015
5) Assume that a sample is used to estimate a population proportion p. Find the margin of error E 5)____________
that corresponds to the given statistics and confidence level. Round the margin of error to four
decimal places.
98% confidence; the sample size is 800, of which 40% are successes
A) 0.0355 B) 0.0339 C) 0.0404 D) 0.0446
6) Fifty people are selected randomly from a certain population and it is found that 12 people in 6)____________
the sample are over six feet tall. What is the best point estimate of the proportion of people in
the population who are over 6 feet tall?
A) 0.76 B) 0.24 C) 0.50 D) 0.18
7) Of 380 randomly selected medical students, 21 said that they planned to work in a rural 7)____________
community. Find a 95% confidence interval for the true proportion of all medical students who
plan to work in a rural community.
A) 0.0323 < p < 0.0782 B) 0.0360 < p < 0.0745
C) 0.0251 < p < 0.0854 D) 0.0280 < p < 0.0826
8) Use the given information to find the minimum sample size required to estimate the population 8)____________
proportion.
Margin of error: 0.028; confidence level: 99%; p and q unknown
A) 1116 B) 2223 C) 1939 D) 2115
9) Assume that a sample is used to estimate a population proportion p. Find the margin of error E 9)____________
that corresponds to the given statistics and confidence level.
95% confidence; n = 2388, x = 1672
A) 0.0248 B) 0.0184 C) 0.0156 D) 0.0206
11) A survey of 300 marine biologists reveals that 112 favor the tagging the flippers of king 11)___________
penguins. Construct the 98% confidence interval for the true population proportion of marine
biologists that favor tagging the flippers of king penguins.
A) 0.316 < p < 0.430 B) 0.301 < p < 0.445
C) 0.308 < p < 0.438 D) 0.304 < p < 0.442
13) Use the given level of confidence and statistics to construct a confidence interval for the 13)___________
population mean μ . Assume that the population has a normal distribution.
A laboratory tested twelve chicken eggs and found that the mean amount of cholesterol was
185 milligrams with s = 17.6 milligrams. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true
mean cholesterol content of all such eggs.
A) 173.7 mg < μ < 196.3 mg B) 175.9 mg < μ < 194.1 mg
C) 173.8 mg < μ < 196.2 mg D) 173.9 mg < μ < 196.1 mg
14) Which critical value is appropriate for a 99% confidence level where n = 17; σ is unknown 14)___________
and the population appears to be normally distributed?
A) tα /2 = 2.898 B) zα / 2 = 2.583 C) tα /2 = 2.921 D) zα / 2 = 2.567
15) Use the given level of confidence and statistics to construct a confidence interval for the 15)___________
population mean μ . Assume that the population has a normal distribution.
n = 30, x = 84.6, s = 10.5, 90% confidence
A) 79.32 < μ < 89.88 B) 81.36 < μ < 87.84
C) 81.34 < μ < 87.86 D) 80.68 < μ < 88.52
16) Find the critical value zα / 2 that corresponds to a 91% confidence level. 16)___________
A) 1.34 B) 1.645 C) 1.70 D) 1.75
18) Identify the distribution that applies to the following situation: 18)___________
In constructing a confidence interval of σ you have 50 sample values and they appear to be
from a population with a skewed distribution.
A) Student t distribution
B) Normal distribution
C) Chi-square distribution
D) None of the three distributions is appropriate.
19) If the computed minimum sample size n needed for a particular margin of error is not a whole 19)___________
number, round the value of n _______ (up or down) to the next ________ (smaller or larger)
whole number.
A) up; smaller
B) up; larger
C) down; smaller
D) down; larger
20) The margin of error ________ (increases or decreases) with an increased sample size and 20)___________
________ (increases or decreases) with an increase in confidence level.
A) increases; increases
B) increases; decreases
C) decreases; increases
D) decreases; decreases
1) A
2) B
3) A
4) A
5) C
6) B
7) A
8) D
9) B
10) A
11) C
12) B
13) C
14) C
15) C
16) C
17) D
18) A
19) B
20) C
MULTIPLE CHOICE. Select the choice that best answers the problem.
1) A laboratory tested twelve chicken eggs and found that the mean amount of cholesterol was 1)____________
185 milligrams with s = 17.6 milligrams. A confidence interval of 173.8 mg < μ < 196.2 mg
is constructed for the true mean cholesterol content of all such eggs. It was assumed that the
population has a normal distribution. What confidence level does this interval represent?
A) 99% B) 95% C) 98% D) 80%
2) Which of the following critical values is appropriate for a 98% confidence level where n = 7; 2)____________
σ = 27 and the population appears to be normally distributed.
A) zα / 2 = 2.33 B) zα / 2 = 2.05 C) tα / 2 = 1.96 D) tα /2 = 2.575
3) To find the standard deviation of the diameter of potted Areca palm trunks, a biologist measures 3)____________
19 randomly selected palms and finds the standard deviation of the sample to be s = 0.16
meters. Find the 95% confidence interval for the population standard deviation σ .
A) 0.12 < σ < 0.24 B) 0.15 < σ < 0.21
C) 0.11 < σ < 0.25 D) 0.13 < σ < 0.22
4) A one-sided confidence interval for p can be written as p < pˆ + E or p > pˆ − E where the 4)____________
margin of error E is modified by replacing zα / 2 with zα . If a teacher wants to report that the
fail rate on a test is at most x with 90% confidence, construct the appropriate one -sided
confidence interval. Assume that a simple random sample of 74 students results in 8 who fail the
test.
A) p < 0.062 B) p < 0.154 C) p > 0.062 D) p < 0.167
5) Use the given information to find the minimum sample size required to estimate the population 5)____________
proportion.
Margin of error: 0.008; confidence level: 98%; p̂ and q̂ unknown
A) 22,184 B) 10,384 C) 21,207 D) 20,308
6) Use the given level of confidence and statistics data to construct a confidence interval for the 6)____________
population proportion p.
n = 130, x = 69; 90% confidence
A) 0.458 < p < 0.604 B) 0.461 < p < 0.601
C) 0.459 < p < 0.603 D) 0.463 < p < 0.599
7) Of 118 randomly selected adults, 34 were found to have high blood pressure. Construct a 95% 7)____________
confidence interval for the true percentage of all adults that have high blood pressure.
A) 18.1% < p < 39.6% B) 21.9% < p < 35.7%
C) 19.1% < p < 38.5% D) 20.6% < p < 37.0%
8) A 99% confidence interval (in inches) for the mean height of a population is 65.7 < μ < 67.3. 8)____________
This result is based on a sample of size 144. Construct the 95% confidence interval. (Hint:
you will first need to find the sample mean and sample standard deviation.)
A) 65.7 in. < μ < 67.3 in. B) 65.9 in. < μ < 67.1 in.
C) 65.6 in. < μ < 67.4 in. D) 66.0 in. < μ < 67.0 in.
10) A laboratory tested 82 chicken eggs and found that the mean amount of cholesterol was 228 10)___________
milligrams with σ = 19.0 milligrams. Construct a 95% confidence interval for the true mean
cholesterol content, μ, of all such eggs.
A) 223 mg < μ < 232 mg B) 224 mg < μ < 232 mg
C) 225 mg < μ < 233 mg D) 223 mg < μ < 231 mg
2 11)___________
11) Find the critical value χ corresponding to a sample size of 19 and a confidence level of 99
R
percent.
A) 37.156 B) 6.265 C) 34.805 D) 7.015
12) Use the given level of confidence and statistics to construct a confidence interval for the 12)___________
population proportion p.
n = 56, x = 30; 95% confidence
A) 0.405 < p < 0.667 B) 0.425 < p < 0.647
C) 0.426 < p < 0.646 D) 0.404 < p < 0.668
13) Find the degree of confidence used in constructing the confidence interval 13)___________
0.523 < p < 0.669 for the population proportion p using sample data with n = 109, x = 65.
A) 88% B) 90% C) 95% D) 99%
14) You want to be 95% confident that the sample variance is within 40% of the population 14)___________
variance. Find the appropriate minimum sample size.
A) 57 B) 224 C) 14 D) 11
15) To be able to say with 95% confidence that the standard deviation of a data set is within 10% 15)___________
of the population's standard deviation, the number of observations within the data set must be
greater than or equal to what quantity?
A) 805 B) 192 C) 335 D) 250
16) Express the confidence interval 0.039 < p < 0.479 in the form of pˆ ± E. 16)___________
A) 0.220 ± 0.5 B) 0.259 ± 0.22
C) 0.259 ± 0.5 D) 0.259 ± 0.44
17) Do one of the following, as appropriate: (a) Find the critical value zα / 2 , (b) find the critical 17)___________
value tα /2 .
99%; n = 17; σ is unknown; population appears to be normally distributed.
A) zα / 2 = 2.583 B) zα /2 = 2.567
C) tα /2 = 2.921 D) tα /2 = 2.898
19) Express a confidence interval defined as (0.432, 0.52) in the form of the point estimate 19)___________
___________ ± the margin of error __________. Express both to three decimal places.
A) 0.476 ± 0.044 B) 0.476 ± 0.088
C) 0.432 ± 0.088 D) 0.432 ± 0.044
20) Fill in the blank: The critical value zα / 2 that corresponds to a _________% confidence level is 20)___________
2.33.
A) 88 B) 90 C) 98 D) 99
SHORT ANSWER. Using the following information, write the word, phrase, or value that best answers the
problem.
1) Find the critical value zα / 2 that corresponds to a confidence level of 90%, 1)____________
2) Six human skulls from around 4000 B.C. were measured, and the lengths have a mean of 2)____________
94.2 mm and a standard deviation of 4.9 mm. If you want to construct a 95% confidence
interval estimate of the mean length of skulls, what requirements must be satisfied?
3) Use the following confidence level interval limits to find the point estimate p̂ and the margin 3)____________
of error E.
An aquatic site adjacent to an old woodchipping mill is being studied to determine whether
environmental liabilities exist from previous woodchipping operations. Because wood chips
can leach toxic compounds into the water, environmental consultants measure the proportion of
wood chips found in samples taken from various sediment cores. They find the confidence
interval of the proportion of wood chips is from 0.194 to 0.228.
For the next two questions, assume a simple random sample has been taken, the conditions for a binomial
distribution are satisfied, and the sample proportions can be approximated by a normal distribution. The
Department of Fish and Wildlife is interested in whether they need to modify fishing regulations on sturgeon in a
certain river. From a sample of 200 sturgeon caught, the number of breeding adults was 20. Use a 95% confidence
level.
4) Find the margin of error E that corresponds to the above statistics and confidence level. 4)____________
5) Use the sample data and confidence level to construct a confidence interval estimate of the 5)____________
population proportion p.
6) Find the minimum sample size required to estimate a population proportion p. 6)____________
Margin of error: four percentage points; confidence level: 95%; from a prior study, p̂ is
estimated by the decimal equivalent 12.5%.
7) Use the following confidence level interval limits to find the point estimate x and the margin 7)____________
of error E.
Medical researchers, studying the improvement of individuals with Down Syndrome on a
language and memory test after taking a certain drug, find the confidence interval of the mean
test score improvement to be from 13.96 to 16.04.
For the next two questions, assume a simple random sample has been taken, the population standard deviation is
known, and the population is normally distributed. According to a sample of 200 various insurance brokers and
health experts, a typical childbirth in the United States costs a mean of $9500. Assume we know from a previous
study, the standard deviation of the cost of the births is $2500. Use a 98% confidence level.
8) Find the margin of error E that corresponds to the above statistics and confidence level. 8)____________
9) Use the sample data and confidence level to construct a confidence interval estimate of the 9)____________
population mean μ.
10) Find the minimum sample size required to estimate a population mean μ. 10)___________
Margin of error: 5 seconds; confidence level: 95%; σ = 20 seconds.
12) In a Gallup poll, 1011 adults were asked if they consume alcoholic beverages and 64% of 12)___________
them said that they did. Construct a 90% confidence interval estimate of the proportion of
all adults who consume alcoholic beverages.
13) Based on the confidence interval you constructed in question 13, can we safely conclude that 13)___________
the majority of adults consume alcoholic beverages? Explain your reasoning.
14) Find the critical value tα / 2 that corresponds to the given confidence level. 14)___________
90%; n = 25; σ is unknown; population appears to be normally distributed.
15) Use the following confidence level interval limits to find the point estimate x and the margin 15)___________
of error E.
Biologists, studying the weights of mountain whitefish, in grams, find the confidence
interval of the mean weights from 328.1 to 713.5 actually does contain the true value of μ.
For the next two questions, assume that a simple random sample has been taken, the population standard
deviation is not known, and the population is normally distributed. Medical researchers studying cochlear
implants, devices placed behind the bone in the ear to improve hearing, found the following number of implants
over the last twelve years in children under 3 years old. Use a 90% confidence level and the following sample data:
40 90 99 120 150 220 300 320 460 520 600 650
16) Find the margin of error E that corresponds to the above statistics and confidence level. 16)___________
17) Use the sample data and confidence level to construct a confidence interval estimate of the 17)___________
population mean μ.
For the next two questions, assume that a simple random sample has been taken and the population is normally
distributed. Ornithologists studying the quality of weight gain in the Fall for the Screech Owl determined that the
standard deviation of the weight gain of a sample of 10 screech owls was 11.97 grams. Use a 95% confidence level.
20) Draw a diagram of the chi-square distribution. Discuss its shape and values. 20)___________
1) zα / 2 = ±1.65
2) The sample must be a simple random sample and there is a loose requirement that the sample values appear to
be from a normally distributed population.
3) pˆ = .211; E = .017
4) E = 0.0418
5) (0.0584, 0.142)
6) n = 263
7) x = 15; E = 1.04
8) E = 411
9) (9089, 9911)
10) n = 62
11) Best point estimate of proportion: 0.480. We have 95% confidence that the limits of 0.449 and 0.511 contain
the true value of the proportion of females in the population of medical school students.
12) 61.5% < p < 66.5%.
13) Because the entire confidence interval is above 50%, we can safely conclude that the majority of adults
consume alcoholic beverages (although a one-sided claim would be analyzed differently).
14) tα /2 = ±1.711
15) x = 520.8; E = 192.7
16) E = 110.6
17) (186.9, 408)
18) χ L2 = 2.7
19) (8.21, 21.85)
20) Answers may vary. The chi-square distribution is non-symmetric and skewed to the right. The values are 0
and positive. The chi-square distribution is different for each number of degrees of freedom.