Download as pdf or txt
Download as pdf or txt
You are on page 1of 36

Lifespan Development 7th Edition Boyd

Test Bank
Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-7th-edition-boyd-test-bank/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Lifespan Development 6th Edition Boyd Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-6th-edition-
boyd-test-bank/

Lifespan Development 5th Edition Boyd Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-5th-edition-
boyd-test-bank/

Lifespan Development Canadian 5th Edition Boyd Test


Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-
canadian-5th-edition-boyd-test-bank/

Lifespan Development Canadian 6th Edition Boyd Test


Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-
canadian-6th-edition-boyd-test-bank/
Lifespan Development Canadian 5th Edition Boyd
Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/lifespan-development-
canadian-5th-edition-boyd-solutions-manual/

Development Through the Lifespan 7th Edition Berk Test


Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/development-through-the-
lifespan-7th-edition-berk-test-bank/

Topical Approach to Lifespan Development 7th Edition


Santrock Test Bank

https://testbankfan.com/product/topical-approach-to-lifespan-
development-7th-edition-santrock-test-bank/

Development Through the Lifespan 7th Edition Berk


Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/development-through-the-
lifespan-7th-edition-berk-solutions-manual/

Topical Approach to Lifespan Development 7th Edition


Santrock Solutions Manual

https://testbankfan.com/product/topical-approach-to-lifespan-
development-7th-edition-santrock-solutions-manual/
TEST BANK
CHAPTER 10: SOCIAL AND PERSONALITY
DEVELOPMENT IN MIDDLE CHILDHOOD

Multiple Choice Questions

TB_10_01_Psychoanalytic Perspectives_LO 10.1_APA LO 1.2


Which of the following accurately reflects Freud’s view of development in middle childhood?
A) To develop friendships with members of the opposite sex
B) To form emotional bonds with peers and to move beyond those developed with parents
C) To develop a sense of competence by achieving culturally-defined learning goals
D) To expand the process of identification to include their opposite sex parent
Answer: B
Page Ref: 241
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Psychoanalytic Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.1: How did the psychoanalytic theorists characterize the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_02_Psychoanalytic Perspectives_LO 10.1_APA LO 1.2


What is the crisis of middle childhood according to Erikson?
A) Competency versus risk-taking
B) Basic trust versus mistrust
C) Industry versus inferiority
D) Latency versus sexual development
Answer: C
Page Ref: 241
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Psychoanalytic Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.1: How did the psychoanalytic theorists characterize the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_03_Psychoanalytic Perspectives_LO 10.1_APA LO 1.2


According to Erikson, children resolve the psychosocial task of middle childhood through their
A) friendships with others.
B) relationships with parents and siblings.
C) school relationships.
D) the neighborhood or community.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 241
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Psychoanalytic Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.1: How did the psychoanalytic theorists characterize the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.2

267
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_04_Psychoanalytic Perspectives_LO 10.1_APA LO 1.2
Rudolf is struggling with his math and reading skills, but excels at soccer. What would Erikson say about Rudolf’s
sense of competence?
A) Rudolf will successfully resolve the conflict of this stage through his competence at soccer.
B) Rudolf will not successfully resolve this stage because his peers are likely to make fun of him.
C) Since his teachers are likely to treat Rudolf badly, he will disregard the sense of competence that he feels at
soccer.
D) Since soccer is a European sport, Rudolf will not develop a sense of confidence.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 242
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Psychoanalytic Perspectives
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.1: How did the psychoanalytic theorists characterize the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_05_The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives_LO 10.2_APA LO 1.2


What is the primary goal of trait theories?
A) To counteract the negative effects of psychoanalytic theories
B) To identify individual differences in emotional responses to childhood experiences
C) To explain the origins of the differences in personality
D) To explain the effects of reciprocal determinism on a child’s development
Answer: C
Page Ref: 242
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.2: What are the main ideas of the trait and social-cognitive theorists?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_06_The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives_LO 10.2_APA LO 1.2


According to trait theorists, what is the nature of temperament in middle childhood?
A) It is still developing.
B) The inborn characteristics of temperament will have disappeared.
C) The effects of a child’s temperament are negligible at this point.
D) It is relatively stable in terms of traits.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 242
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.2: What are the main ideas of the trait and social-cognitive theorists?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_07_The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives_LO 10.2_APA LO 1.2


Which of the following is a component of Bandura’s model of personality development?
A) Id
B) Traits
C) Archetypes
D) Behavior
Answer: D
Page Ref: 242
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives
Skill: Understand the Concepts

268
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
LO 10.2: What are the main ideas of the trait and social-cognitive theorists?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_08_The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives_LO 10.2_APA LO 1.2


Leticia failed to ride her bike up the hill with her friends. She later asked her father to remove the training wheels
from her bike so that she would no longer feel embarrassed. This is an example of which part of social-cognitive
theory?
A) The person component
B) Residual traits
C) Extroversion
D) Reciprocal determinism
Answer: D
Page Ref: 243
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Trait and Social-Cognitive Perspectives
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.2: What are the main ideas of the trait and social-cognitive theorists?
APA LO: 1.2

TB_10_09_The Psychological Self_LO 10.3_APA LO 1.1


During middle childhood, a new component of the self is added to the categorical, social, and emotional selves. This
new component includes things like personality traits. What is the term for this new component?
A) Personhood
B) Individualistic self
C) Psychological self
D) Personal self
Answer: C
Page Ref: 243
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: The Psychological Self
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.3: What are the features of the psychological self?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_10_The Psychological Self_LO 10.3_APA LO 1.1


Chloe saw that her friends didn’t have training wheels on their bicycles and decided that she could ride better
without them. Which two social-cognitive concepts are at work here?
A) Personal effectiveness and behavior
B) Social comparisons and self-efficacy
C) Social comparisons and self-esteem
D) Self-concept and behaviorism
Answer: B
Page Ref: 244
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: The Psychological Self
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.3: What are the features of the psychological self?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_11_The Psychological Self_LO 10.3_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following best defines self-efficacy?
A) The belief in one’s influence over events that have nothing to do with them
B) The belief that one is responsible for their own internal behaviors
C) The belief that the environment influences one’s internal thoughts
D) The belief in one’s ability to cause an intended event to happen
Answer: D

269
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page Ref: 244
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: The Psychological Self
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.3: What are the features of the psychological self?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_12_The Valued Self_LO 10.4_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following refers to children’s global self-evaluation, which includes factors such as how well they like
themselves or how happy they are?
A) Intrapersonal perception
B) Self-construct
C) Self-esteem
D) Introspection
Answer: C
Page Ref: 245
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Valued Self
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.4: How does self-esteem develop?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_13_The Valued Self_LO 10.4_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following statements is correct?
A) Self-esteem tends to be unstable in the short term and can vary somewhat over time.
B) A child with high self esteem at age 8 or 9 is not likely to have high self-esteem at age 10.
C) Self-esteem tends to be more stable in boys than in girls.
D) Self-esteem tends to be more stable in girls than in boys.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 245
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Valued Self
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.4: How does self-esteem develop?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_14_The Valued Self_LO 10.4_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is a major influence in a child’s self esteem?
A) The general support the child feels from her parents, peers, and others
B) The evaluations of teachers and whether they match the child’s self-evaluation
C) Internal characteristics transmitted genetically from the parents
D) The child’s perceived popularity by others
Answer: A
Page Ref: 245
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Valued Self
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.4: How does self-esteem develop?
APA LO: 1.1

270
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_15_The Valued Self_LO 10.4_APA LO 1.1
Bobby is a ten-year-old who is uncoordinated and awkward, and as a consequence, he has little athletic ability. How
will this circumstance influence Bobby’s self-esteem?
A) The absence of athletic ability will cause Bobby to have low self-esteem.
B) If Bobby does not value athletic skill, his lack of talent will have less impact on his self-esteem than if he highly
values athleticism.
C) The absence of athletic skill will affect his self-esteem only if his parents also value athleticism.
D) As long as his friends tell Bobby that they don’t mind if he is clumsy, his self-esteem will be unaffected.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 245
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: The Valued Self
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.4: How does self-esteem develop?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_16_The Valued Self_LO 10.4_APA LO 1.1


According to your text, which of the following is the key to self-esteem?
A) Parental modeling of healthy self-esteem
B) External evaluations from teachers and other adults
C) The amount of discrepancy between what a child wants and what the child thinks he or she has achieved
D) The external evaluations from peers
Answer: C
Page Ref: 245
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Valued Self
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.4: How does self-esteem develop?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_17_The Child as Psychologist_LO 10.5_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is the typical pattern of children’s descriptions of others during middle childhood?
A) During middle childhood, children are unobservant and do not attempt to interpret or describe other people.
B) Across the middle childhood period, children become less abstract and more concrete in their descriptions of
others.
C) During middle childhood, children use only observable, physical characteristics when they describe other people.
D) During middle childhood, children talk more about internal characteristics or qualities that the individual seems
to have.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 246
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: The Child as Psychologist
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.5: How does children’s understanding of others change in middle childhood?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_18_The Child as Psychologist_LO 10.5_APA LO 1.1


Heath refers to his friend, Mickey, as smart. Heath’s description is based on which of the following?
A) Behavioral comparison
B) Behavioral construct
C) Psychological construct
D) Psychosocial comparison
Answer: C
Page Ref: 247
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: The Child as Psychologist

271
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.5: How does children’s understanding of others change in middle childhood?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_19_Moral Reasoning_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1


According to Piaget’s ideas about children’s moral development, a child who insists that the rules of a game cannot
be changed because they come from authorities such as parents or religious figures is demonstrating moral
development at which stage?
A) Moral relativism
B) Moral realism
C) Ego ideal
D) Post-conventional
Answer: B
Page Ref: 247
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Moral Reasoning
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_20_Moral Reasoning_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1


According to Piaget’s ideas about children’s moral development, a child who knows that the players of a game can
change the rules as long as all the children agree to play by the new rules is demonstrating moral development at the
which stage?
A) Moral relativism
B) Moral realism
C) Ego ideal
D) Pre-conventional
Answer: A
Page Ref: 248
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Moral Reasoning
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_21_Moral Reasoning_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1


Children who are older than eight years of age, compared to children who are younger, know that ________ are
important when making moral judgments about the behavior of others.
A) the amount of damages caused
B) the reactions of parents
C) consequences
D) intentions
Answer: D
Page Ref: 248
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Moral Reasoning
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

272
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_22_Moral Reasoning_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1
According to Piaget, which of the following children is most likely to recognize that intentions are important when
making moral judgments about others’ behaviors?
A) Dale, who is 6
B) Marianna, who is 6
C) Dudley, who is 7
D) Kirsten, who is 8
Answer: D
Page Ref: 248
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Moral Reasoning
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_23_Moral Reasoning_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is Piaget’s stage of moral development in which children understand that sometimes rules
can be changed by social agreement?
A) Moral realism
B) Contemporary moralism
C) Post-conventional morality
D) Moral relativism
Answer: D
Page Ref: 248
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Moral Reasoning
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_24_Developmental Science at Home_LO 10.6_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is one of the authors’ suggestions to encourage moral reasoning?
A) Discourage playing games and encouraging reading important literary works
B) Help and encourage them to base obedience on fear rather than development
C) Include them in charitable projects
D) Punish them immediately after they have done something wrong
Answer: C
Page Ref: 248
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Developmental Science at Home
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.6: How do children in Piaget’s moral realism and moral relativism stages reason about right and wrong?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_25_Relationships with Parents_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


During the middle-childhood years, disciplinary interactions with parents typically decrease because a child is more
capable of which of the following?
A) Person perception
B) Metacognition
C) Self-regulation
D) The use of psychological constructs
Answer: C
Page Ref: 249
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Relationships with Parents
Skill: Understand the Concepts

273
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_26_Relationships with Parents_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is the child’s ability to conform to parental standards of behavior without direct supervision?
A) Independence
B) Interdependence
C) Self-evaluation
D) Self-regulation
Answer: D
Page Ref: 249
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Relationships with Parents
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_27_Relationships with Parents_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is a parenting variable that is related to children’s development of the capacity for self-
regulation?
A) The parents’ age
B) The parents’ own ability to self-regulate
C) The parents’ socioeconomic status
D) Authoritarian parenting
Answer: B
Page Ref: 249
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Relationships with Parents
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_28_Research Report_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is an implication of the resource dilution hypothesis?
A) That later-born children in a family will not perform as well as first-born children on achievement tests.
B) That a family’s socioeconomic status diminishes with the birth of multiple children.
C) That only children have fewer social skills than children with siblings.
D) That first-born children in a family will not perform as well as later-born children on achievement tests.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 250
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Research Report
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_29_Research Report_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


Monica is an only child. Which of the following statements is likely to be true regarding Monica?
A) Research indicates that she will be less well adjusted as children who have siblings.
B) She will have difficulty making friends once she starts school.
C) Her family is likely to suffer from resource dilution.
D) She will likely get as much of her parents’ attention as a first-born child.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 250
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Research Report

274
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_30_Research Report_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


In what way might only children have an advantage over children who have siblings?
A) They are likely to suffer from resource dilution.
B) They are more likely to go to college than children with siblings.
C) They are likely to show higher cognitive development and higher levels of academic achievement.
D) They are less likely to engage in gender-stereotypical behaviors.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 250
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Research Report
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_31_Relationships with Parents_LO 10.7_APA LO 1.1


Developmentalists have suggested that differences in the expectations parents have for boys and girls may be
responsible for
A) weaker standards of behavior for boys in later developmental periods.
B) stronger standards of behavior for girls in later developmental periods.
C) stronger standards of behavior for boys in later developmental periods.
D) weaker standards of behavior for girls in later developmental periods.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 249
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Relationships with Parents
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.7: How does self-regulation affect school-aged children’s relationships with their parents?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_32_Friendships_LO 10.8_APA LO 1.1


During the later years of middle childhood, the key element of children’s friendships becomes
A) having a good time together.
B) similar social and cultural backgrounds.
C) reciprocal trust.
D) complementary abilities.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 251
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Friendships
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.8: What changes occur in children’s understanding of friendships during this period?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_33_Friendships_LO 10.8_APA LO 1.1


If you ask a preschooler how people make friends, which of the following answers are you likely to receive?
A) “They have similar interests.”
B) “They like each other.”
C) “They play together.”
D) “Boys only play with boys.”
Answer: C
Page Ref: 251
Level: 2-Medium

275
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Topic: Friendships
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.8: What changes occur in children’s understanding of friendships during this period?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_34_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following seems to be the most important factor in selection of friends among 6- to 12-year-olds?
A) Age
B) Socioeconomic similarity
C) Race
D) Gender
Answer: D
Page Ref: 252
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_35_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following would you likely see in a typical “boundary violation” between children’s play groups in
middle childhood?
A) A girl will exit her friendship group as a result of a quarrel or hurt feelings.
B) A child will be accepted into a play and friendship group of children of the other gender for an extended period
of time.
C) Best-friend pairs terminate their friendship bonds and re-form into new groups of friends.
D) A brief interaction, such as a “chasing game,” will cause one gender-segregated group to breach the barrier of the
other gender-segregated group.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 252
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_36_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


A group of girls were playing jump-rope when a couple of boys ran in and grabbed their rope yelling, “You can’t
catch us!” The girls laughed and gave chase, retrieving the rope—to the delight of both the boys and girls. This is an
example of which of the following?
A) Dominance-seeking
B) A boundary violation
C) Social conflict
D) Cross-gender pickets
Answer: B
Page Ref: 252
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

276
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_37_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following is an accurate description of female-male differences in middle childhood friendships?
A) Boys’ friendship groups are smaller than girls’ friendship groups.
B) Boys spend more time playing indoors or near home or school.
C) Girls’ friendship groups are more accepting of newcomers than are boys’ friendship groups.
D) Girls are more likely to play in pairs or in small, fairly exclusive groups.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 252
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_38_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is an accurate description of female-male differences in friendships in middle childhood?
A) Friendships between boys include more agreement and compliance than girls’ friendships.
B) Girls’ friendships have higher levels of competition and rejection than boys’ friendships.
C) School-age boys are more competitive with strangers than with friends.
D) Boys are more likely to use “controlling” speech in their interactions with their friends.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 252
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_39_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


Of the following, which is an example of controlling speech used among middle childhood boys?
A) “I can help.”
B) “Why are you so mean?”
C) “Can you fix this?”
D) “Try to stop me.”
Answer: D
Page Ref: 252
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_40_Gender Self-Segregation_LO 10.9_APA LO 1.1


Rejecting comments, manipulation, ordering, challenging, or defiance all define which of the following?
A) Rudeness
B) Controlling speech
C) Bullying
D) Male-dominated play
Answer: B
Page Ref: 252
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Gender Self-Segregation
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.9: In what ways do boys and girls interact during the middle childhood years?
APA LO: 1.1

277
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_41_Patterns of Aggression_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1
Of the following, which is an accurate description of the patterns of aggression observable among children in middle
childhood?
A) Physical aggression becomes more common among children in middle childhood.
B) At every age, boys show more physical aggression than girls do.
C) School-age boys rarely express their approval for the aggressive behavior of peers.
D) Girls and boys are equally likely to use relational aggression toward their peers.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 253
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Patterns of Aggression
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_42_Patterns of Aggression_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1


Psychologists have begun to believe that girls may not be less aggressive than boys, but rather that girls may express
themselves by using which form of aggression?
A) Relational aggression
B) Parallel aggression
C) Verbal hostility
D) Covert hostility
Answer: A
Page Ref: 253
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Patterns of Aggression
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_43_Patterns of Aggression_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is the best example of relational aggression?
A) Dawn yelled at her older sister, “Get up! I’m supposed to sit next to Daddy!”
B) Sylvia lobbed a rotten apple at the boys in the tree house, and they immediately began to chase her down the
street.
C) Gloria announced to her friends, “We’re not going to be friends with Sharinda anymore. She’s fat!”
D) Jonathon reached across the aisle and gave Iman’s pigtail a hard tug.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 253
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Patterns of Aggression
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_44_Patterns of Aggression_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1


Cecelia rolled her eyes in disgust when Carrie walked up to the group and began to speak. Cecelia was using which
of the following?
A) Instrumental aggression
B) Relational aggression
C) Person imperception
D) Inductive persuasion
Answer: B
Page Ref: 253
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Patterns of Aggression

278
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_45_Patterns of Aggression_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1


Penny broke her brother’s baseball trophy after he used her favorite doll to play tug-of-war with their dog. Which
type of aggression is Penny demonstrating?
A) Relational aggression
B) Retaliatory aggression
C) Instrumental aggression
D) Hostile aggression
Answer: B
Page Ref: 254
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Patterns of Aggression
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_46_No Easy Answers_LO 10.10_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is a characteristic of victims of bullying?
A) High self-esteem
B) A good sense of humor
C) Sensitivity
D) Low intelligence
Answer: C
Page Ref: 255
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: No Easy Answers
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.10: What types of aggression are most common among school-aged children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_47_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


According to the text, which of the following is linked to rejection and unpopularity among children?
A) Decompensating behaviors
B) Higher achievement scores
C) Aggression and disruptive behavior
D) Promiscuity
Answer: C
Page Ref: 255
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_48_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following children would be least likely to be rejected or neglected by peers in middle childhood?
A) Juan, who loves to write and perform various types of music
B) Elizabeth, who throws temper tantrums and cries easily
C) Larry, who is taller than his peers and considered handsome
D) Abraham, who is very shy
Answer: C
Page Ref: 255
Level: 3-Difficult

279
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_49_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following characteristics would be typical of a school-age child who is popular with his or her peers?
A) Notable talent and creativity
B) Negative behavior toward other children
C) Ability to assess the feelings of others
D) Difficulty regulating the expression of strong emotions
Answer: C
Page Ref: 255
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_50_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following seems to be the most important element in a child’s acceptance by her peers?
A) Intelligence
B) Physical appearance
C) Socioeconomic status
D) Social behavior
Answer: D
Page Ref: 255
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_51_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Although aggressive children tend to be disliked by their peers, they are usually considered to be
A) more intelligent.
B) of stronger character.
C) more competent.
D) of higher social status.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 256
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_52_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following terms is used by psychologists to describe children who are disliked and avoided by their
peers?
A) Repudiated
B) Rejected
C) Neglected
D) Shunned
Answer: B
Page Ref: 255

280
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_53_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


What effect does social approval have on the aggressive behavior of boys?
A) It helps to maintain it.
B) It increases it.
C) It decreases it.
D) It instigates it.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 255
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_54_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following characteristics is more likely to be found in neglected children than in popular or rejected
children?
A) Higher intelligence
B) Depression and loneliness
C) Aggression
D) Creativity
Answer: B
Page Ref: 256
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_55_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following types of children show no differences in sociability compared to their popular peers?
A) Rejected
B) Neglected
C) Aggressive
D) Withdrawn
Answer: B
Page Ref: 256
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_56_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


What terms describe the two types of rejected children?
A) Neglected and withdrawn
B) Withdrawn and aggressive
C) Aggressive and delinquent
D) Assertive and withdrawn
Answer: B

281
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page Ref: 255
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_57_Social Status_LO 10.11_APA LO 1.1


Around what age do children begin to regard relational aggression as a more mature form of social manipulation
than physical aggression?
A) Seven years old
B) Nine or ten years old
C) Eleven or twelve years old
D) Fourteen years old
Answer: C
Page Ref: 256
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Social Status
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.11: How do popular, rejected, and neglected children differ?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_58_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


As of 2011, what is the child poverty rate?
A) 38%
B) 19%
C) 22%
D) 14%
Answer: C
Page Ref: 257
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_59_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


How has the number of children living in poverty changed from 1980 to now?
A) It has declined significantly.
B) It has remained approximately the same.
C) It is impossible to know because of the number of homeless families in the U.S.
D) It has increased significantly.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 257
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

282
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_60_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1
The United States government defines poverty as which of the following income levels for a family with at least one
child?
A) $10,448
B) $15,825
C) $18,440
D) $41,840
Answer: B
Page Ref: 257
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_61_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is a descriptive characteristic of American children who are most likely to live in poverty?
A) Older than six years old
B) Parents over the age of 40
C) Reared in single-mother families
D) Caucasian ethnicity
Answer: C
Page Ref: 257
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_62_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Your text suggests a reason why parents living in poverty are more likely to be stricter and place more emphasis on
obedience. What is that reason?
A) They are more likely to have many children, requiring discipline to minimize a chaotic household environment.
B) Lack of education causes parents to overreact and overemphasize control.
C) They place greater emphasis on punishment.
D) It is a logical response to the neighborhoods they are likely to be living in.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 257
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_63_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following statements explains the typical ways poverty impacts children?
A) Children living in poverty have greater prenatal care but still have worse outcomes.
B) Children living in poverty have inadequate housing.
C) Families in poverty tend to have less frequent changes of residency and schools.
D) Children raised in poverty exhibit more behavior problems in school.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 258
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Understand the Concepts

283
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_64_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Many children who grow up in neighborhoods with street violence, gang activity, and overcrowded homes suffer
from which of the following?
A) PTSD
B) Panic Disorder
C) OCD
D) LED
Answer: A
Page Ref: 258
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_65_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following would most likely be a resilient child?
A) The child who lives in an impoverished neighborhood and is unable to go to school.
B) The child who lives in a neglectful environment but shows few adverse effects because she has the support of her
teachers and extended family.
C) The child who has a good home environment but is bullied at school.
D) The child who grows up in an urban environment with a lot of gang activity and whose parents are alcoholic.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 258
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_66_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is the developmentalist term for children who develop problems as a result of living in
poverty?
A) Authoritarian children
B) Posttraumatic children
C) Vulnerable children
D) Resilient children
Answer: C
Page Ref: 258
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_67_Poverty_LO 10.12_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following is one of the factors listed in your text that can help protect a child from the effects of a
stressful environment?
A) Average IQ
B) Passive parenting
C) Intellectually stimulating toys and activities in the home
D) Authoritarian parenting
Answer: C

284
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Page Ref: 258
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Poverty
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.12: What factors contribute to resilience and vulnerability among poor children?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_68_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the effects of television on children?
A) The best advice is to have no television at all.
B) Television advertisements are ineffective and cannot influence things such as a child’s food preferences.
C) Programs that depict violence and aggression do not correlate with increased aggressive behavior in children.
D) Quality educational programming can have a positive effect, but children are not necessarily interested in
watching it.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 260
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_69_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


Which researcher(s) conducted the “Bobo doll” studies to evaluate the effects of observing aggressive behavior on
children?
A) Howard Gardner
B) Albert Bandura
C) Calvert and Kotler
D) Cheryl Livingstone
Answer: B
Page Ref: 259
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_70_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


According to 2010 statistics, approximately what percentage of school-aged children in the United States has access
to the internet?
A) 55%
B) 70%
C) 85%
D) 100%
Answer: C
Page Ref: 260
Level: 1-Easy
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

285
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
TB_10_71_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1
Which of the following statements is accurate regarding children and internet access?
A) White children spend more time online per day than African American and Hispanic American children.
B) School-age girls and boys have nearly identical rates of computer and internet use.
C) School-age boys spend much more time on the internet than girls.
D) Hispanic American children have the highest rates of internet access.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 260
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Remember the Facts
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_72_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


Younger children spend the most time on computers doing which of the following activities?
A) Playing games
B) Surfing the internet
C) Social networking with friends
D) Doing homework
Answer: A
Page Ref: 260
Level: 2-Medium
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Understand the Concepts
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_73_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


Cindy enjoys playing violent video games. Which of the following might you predict about Cindy’s behavior in
general?
A) Since Cindy is a girl, she is likely to be unaffected by her preference for violent video games.
B) Cindy is likely to sublimate her aggressive tendencies through the playing of video games.
C) Cindy is likely to be different from other girls in terms of physical aggression and preference for violent
television programming.
D) Cindy’s overall behavior will be more like that of the stereotypical boy of her age.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 261
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Apply What You Know
LO 10.13: How do television, computers, and video games affect children’s development?
APA LO: 1.1

TB_10_74_Media Influences_LO 10.13_APA LO 1.1


How do the rates of computer and internet use compare for boys and girls?
A) The rate for boys is higher than the rate for girls.
B) The rate for girls is higher than the rate for boys.
C) The rates are nearly identical.
D) At first, the rate for boys is higher, but as children reach adolescence the rate for girls becomes higher.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 260
Level: 3-Difficult
Topic: Media Influences
Skill: Understand the Concepts

286
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
Pemberton slowly answered:
“I don’t know what to think. There is no reason for my doubting
the truth of their death miles above the earth. I have gone over it all
hundreds of times, yet I can not make up my mind whether far above
float the remains of two of the bravest men, or whether far away on
the earth’s surface are two of the slickest rascals that ever lived. Did
what Dexter described really happen or did they fly above out of our
sight and concoct the story? Did they cast down an oxygen tank,
smear blood on a piece of plane that they might have taken with
them for the purpose, and cast it down to fool us? A small cut on a
finger might have furnished the blood, and they might have cast
down part of the stolen money. Why did only one dollar bills come
down? Where are the half-million dollars of large bills? They could
be floating far above with the wrecked plane. Where is the upward
whirlwind? Still, it might have moved or died out. We might have
listened to one of the most awful death struggles, or we might have
been the victims of one of the cleverest jokes ever played on the
public. And the men escaped with half a million dollars. Who knows?

THE END

Transcriber’s Note: This story appeared in the Winter Edition,


1928 issue of Amazing Stories Quarterly magazine.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TERRORS
OF THE UPPER AIR ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.


copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in
these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it
in the United States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of
this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept
and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and
may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the
terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of
the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as
creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research.
Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given
away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with
eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject
to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE


THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free


distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and


Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree
to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from
the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in
paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be


used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a
few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with
Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in
the United States and you are located in the United States, we do
not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the
work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of
course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™
mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely
sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name
associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of
this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its
attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without
charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the
United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms
of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying,
performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this
work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes
no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in
any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other


immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™
work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or
with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is
accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived


from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the
United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must
comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted


with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of
this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project


Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this


electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you
provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work
in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in
the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,


performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing


access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who


notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that
s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and
discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project
Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of


any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™


electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend


considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe
and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating
the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may
be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to,
incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a
copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or
damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer
codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except


for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph
1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner
of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party
distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this
agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE
FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE
NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you


discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it,
you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by
sending a written explanation to the person you received the work
from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must
return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity
that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a
replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to
give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in
lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may
demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the
problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied


warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted
by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the
Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability,
costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or
indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur:
(a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b)
alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project
Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of


Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.
It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and
donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the


assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a
secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help,
see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org.

Section 3. Information about the Project


Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,


Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to


the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can
be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the
widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small
donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax
exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating


charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and
keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in
locations where we have not received written confirmation of
compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of
compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where


we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in
such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make


any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of
other ways including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project


Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed


editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,


including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how
to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.

You might also like