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Up and Running with AutoCAD 2019
This page intentionally left blank
Up and Running with
AutoCAD 2019
2D Drafting and Design

Elliot J. Gindis
President - Vertical Technologies, Los Angeles, CA, United States

Robert C. Kaebisch
Construction Sciences - Architecture/Structural, Gateway Technical College
Sturtevant, WI, United States
Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier
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Contents

About the Authors xi Extend 25

Preface xiii Offset 26
Acknowledgments xvii Mirror 27
Fillet 28
1.7 Selection Methods 29
1.8 Drawing AccuracydPart 1 31
Level 1 Ortho (F8) 31
1.9 Drawing AccuracydPart 2 31
Chapters 1e10 OSNAPs 31
ENDpoint 31
1. AutoCAD FundamentalsdPart I MIDpoint 31
1.1 Introduction and Basic Commands 4 CENter 32
Create Objects 4 QUADrant 32
Edit/Modify Objects 4 INTersection 32
View Objects 5 PERPendicular 32
1.2 The AutoCAD Environment 5 1.10 OSNAP Drafting Settings 33
1.3 Interacting With AutoCAD 9 Summary 34
Method 1. Type in the Commands on the Review Questions 35
Command Line 9 Exercises 35
Method 2. Select the Commands From
the Drop-Down Cascading Menus 10 2. AutoCAD FundamentalsdPart II
Method 3. Use Toolbar Icons to Activate
the Commands 11 2.1 Grips 42
Method 4. Use the Ribbon Tabs, Icons, 2.2 Units and Scale 43
and Menus 11 2.3 Snap and Grid 44
1.4 Practicing the Create Objects To Set Snap 44
Commands 13 To Set Grid 44
Line 13 2.4 Cartesian Coordinate System 44
Circle 14 2.5 Geometric Data Entry 45
Arc 16 Dynamic Input 45
Rectangle 17 Manual Input 47
1.5 View Objects 19 2.6 Inquiry Commands 49
Zoom 19 Area 49
Pan 19 Distance 50
Regen 20 List 51
1.6 Practicing the Edit/Modify Objects ID 51
Commands 21 Radius and Angle 52
Erase 21 2.7 Additional Drafting Commands 52
Move 21 Explode 52
Copy 22 Polygon 53
Rotate 23 Ellipse 55
Scale 23 Chamfer 56
Trim 24 Templates 57

v
vi Contents

Limits 57 NEArest OSNAP 108

Save 58 Summary 109
Help Files 58 Review Questions 110
TANgent OSNAP 62 Exercises 110
Time 62
Summary 63
Review Questions 64 Spotlight On: Mechanical Engineering
Exercises 65
5. Hatch Patterns
5.1 Introduction to Hatch 122
Spotlight On: Architecture 5.2 Hatch Procedures 122
Step 1. Pick the Hatch Pattern
3. Layers, Colors, Linetypes, and You Want to Use 122
Properties Step 2. Indicate Where You Want
3.1 Introduction to Layers 76 the Pattern to Go 124
What Are Layers? 76 Step 3. Fine-Tune the Pattern by
Why Use Them? 76 Adjusting Scale and Angle (If Necessary) 125
Creating and Deleting Layers 76 Step 4. Preview the Pattern and Accept
Making a Layer Current 77 It If OK 127
Assigning Layer Colors 77 5.3 Working With Hatch Patterns 127
Index Color 79 Exploding Hatch Patterns 128
True Color 79 Hatch Pattern Layers and Colors 128
Color Books 80 Advanced Hatch Topics 129
Layer Freeze/Thaw and On/Off 81 5.4 Gradient and Solid Fill 131
Layer Lock/Unlock 81 Solid Fill 132
3.2 Introduction to Linetypes 81 5.5 Hatching Using the Ribbon 132
3.3 Introduction to Properties 83 5.6 Superhatch 133
Properties Palette 83 5.7 In-Class Drawing Project: Adding
Match Properties 84 Hatch to Floor Plan Layout 134
Layers Toolbar 84 Summary 136
3.4 In-Class Drawing Project: Floor Plan Review Questions 136
Layout 85 Exercises 136
Basic File Preparation 86
Starting the Floor Plan 87 6. Dimensions
Drawing the Inner Wall
6.1 Introduction to Dimensions 144
Geometry 87
6.2 Types of Dimensions 144
Drawing the Doors and Windows 88
Linear Dimensions 145
Doors 89
Aligned Dimension 146
Windows 90
Diameter Dimension 147
Summary 90
Radius Dimension 148
Review Questions 91
Angular Dimension 149
Exercises 91
Continuous Dimensions 149
Baseline Dimensions 151
4. Text, Mtext, Editing, and Style Leader and Multileader 152
4.1 Introduction to Text and Mtext 98 Secondary Dimensions 155
4.2 Text 98 6.3 Editing Dimensions 157
Editing Text 99 6.4 Customizing Dimensions 158
4.3 Mtext 99 Dimstyle 158
Formatting Mtext 101 6.5 Center Marks and Centerlines 162
Ribbon Text Editing 103 6.6 In-Class Drawing Project: Adding
4.4 Style 104 Dimensions to Floor Plan Layout 163
4.5 Spell Check 105 Summary 164
4.6 In-Class Drawing Project: Adding Text Review Questions 165
and Furniture to Floor Plan Layout 106 Exercises 165
 Contents vii

Spotlight On: Interior Design What Orientation to Use 234

What Offset to Use 234
7. Blocks, Wblocks, Dynamic Blocks, Miscellaneous 234
9.3 The Plot Dialog Box 234
Groups, and Purge
Preview 236
7.1 Introduction to Blocks 176 9.4 Page Setup Manager 237
Difference Between Blocks and Summary 238
Wblocks 176 Review Questions 239
Creating a Block 176 Exercise 239
7.2 Insert 178
7.3 Purge 179
10. Advanced OutputdPaper Space
7.4 Wblocks 180
Inserting Wblocks 181 10.1 Introduction to Paper Space 242
7.5 Dynamic Blocks 182 What Is Paper Space? 242
Actions and Parameters 182 10.2 Paper Space Concepts 243
Visibility 186 Layouts 243
7.6 Groups 190 Viewports 248
Summary 193 Scaling 252
Review Questions 194 Layers 253
Exercises 194 Text and Dims 256
Annotation 259
8. Polar, Rectangular, and Path Arrays Summary 268
Review Questions 269
8.1 Polar Array 202 Exercises 269
Steps in Creating a Polar Array 202
Additional Operations With Polar Array 204
Legacy Polar Array (Pre-AutoCAD 2012) 207
8.2 Rectangular Array 208
Level 1
Steps in Creating a Rectangular Array 209 Answers to Review Questions
Additional Operations With Rectangular
Array 210
Legacy Rectangular Array (Pre-AutoCAD Level 2
2012) 211 Chapters 11e20
8.3 Path Array 211
Steps in Creating a Path Array 212
Additional Operations With Path Array 213 11. Advanced Linework
8.4 In-Class Drawing Project: Mechanical 11.1 Introduction to Advanced
Device 215 Linework 279
Summary 219 11.2 Pline (Polyline) 280
Review Questions 219 Pedit 281
Exercises 219 Exploding a Pline 282
Additional Pline Options 282
Boundary 284
Spotlight On: Electrical Engineering 11.3 Xline (Construction Line) 286
11.4 Ray 287
9. Basic Printing and Output 11.5 Spline 288
11.6 Mline (Multiline) 289
9.1 Introduction to Printing and Plotting 232 Modifying the Mline 290
9.2 The Essentials 232 Mlstyle (Multiline Style) 290
What Printer or Plotter to Use 232 Mledit (Multiline Edit) 294
What Paper Size to Use 232 Other Mline Properties 296
What Area to Plot 233 11.7 Sketch 296
At What Scale to Plot 233 Applications of Sketch 297
What Pen Settings to Use 234 GEOmetric Center OSNAP 298
viii Contents

11.8 Level 2 Drawing Project (1 of 10): Spotlight On: Aerospace Engineering

Architectural Floor Plan 299
Summary 300 14. Options, Shortcuts, Customize User
Review Questions 301
Interface, Design Center, and
Exercises 302
Express Tools
14.1 Options 348
Spotlight On: Civil Engineering Files Tab 349
Display Tab 350
12. Advanced Layers Open and Save Tab 352
Plot and Publish Tab 354
12.1 Introduction to Advanced Layers 309 System Tab 357
12.2 Script Files 310 User Preferences Tab 358
12.3 Layer State Manager 311 Drafting Tab 360
12.4 Layer Filtering 314 3D Modeling Tab 362
12.5 Layer Freeze, Isolate, and Walk 316 Selection Tab 362
Layer Freeze 316 Profiles Tab 364
Layer Isolate 316 14.2 Shortcuts 365
Layer Walk 317 PGP File 365
12.6 Level 2 Drawing Project (2 of 10): Altering the PGP File 366
Architectural Floor Plan 317 14.3 Customize User Interface 367
Summary 319 14.4 Design Center 370
Review Questions 320 14.5 Express Tools 373
Exercises 320 Blocks 374
Text 374
13. Advanced Dimensions Layout Tools 376
Dimension 376
13.1 Introduction to Advanced
Selection Tools 376
Dimensions 324
Modify 376
13.2 Dimension Style Manager 324
Draw 378
Lines Tab 325
File Tools 378
Symbols and Arrows Tab 326
Web Tools 378
Text Tab 326
Tools 378
Fit Tab 327
14.6 Level 2 Drawing Project (4 of 10):
Primary Units Tab 328
Architectural Floor Plan 380
Alternate Units Tab 329
Summary 381
Tolerances Tab 330
Review Questions 382
13.3 Introduction to Constraints 332
Exercises 382
13.4 Geometric Constraints 332
Types of Geometric Constraints 333
Adding Geometric Constraints 333 15. Advanced Design and File
Hiding, Showing, and Deleting Management Tools
Geometric Constraints 335 15.1 Introduction to Advanced Design
13.5 Dimensional Constraints 336 and File Management Tools 386
Working With Dimensional 15.2 Align 386
Constraints 336 15.3 Action Recording 388
13.6 Dimension-Driven Design 338 15.4 Audit and Recover 390
13.7 Level 2 Drawing Project (3 of 10): 15.5 Blend 391
Architectural Floor Plan 338 15.6 Break and Join 392
Summary 339 Break, Method 1 392
Review Questions 340 Break, Method 2 393
Exercises 341 Join 393
 Contents ix

15.7 CAD Standards 394 16.7 Exporting and the Save As Feature 446
15.8 Calculator 395 16.8 Inserting and Object Linked
15.9 Defpoints 397 Embedded 448
15.10 Divide and Point Style 397 16.9 Level 2 Drawing Project (6 of 10):
15.11 Donut 398 Architectural Floor Plan 449
15.12 Draw Order 399 Summary 450
15.13 eTransmit 399 Review Questions 450
15.14 Filter 401 Exercise 451
15.15 Hyperlink 403
15.16 Lengthen 404 17. External References
15.17 Object Snap Tracking 405
17.1 Introduction to External References 454
15.18 Overkill 406
What Is an External Reference? 454
15.19 Point and Node 406
Why Do We Need an External Refer-
15.20 Publish 407
ence? What Is the Benefit? 454
15.21 Raster 408
17.2 Using External References 455
15.22 Revcloud 408
17.3 Layers in External References 457
15.23 Sheet Sets 409
17.4 Editing and Reloading External
15.24 Selection Methods 413
References 458
15.25 Stretch 414
17.5 Multiple External References 460
15.26 System Variables 415
17.6 Ribbon and External References 461
15.27 Tables 416
17.7 Level 2 Drawing Project (7 of 10):
15.28 Tool Palette 418
Architectural Floor Plan 461
15.29 UCS and Crosshair Rotation 420
Summary 461
Method 1 420
Review Questions 462
Method 2 421
Exercise 463
15.30 Window Tiling 421
15.31 Wipeout 423
15.32 Level 2 Drawing Project (5 of 10):
Architectural Floor Plan 427 Spotlight On: Biomedical Engineering
Summary 428
Review Questions 428 18. Attributes
Exercises 429
18.1 Introduction to Attributes 469
18.2 Creating the Design 470
18.3 Creating the Attribute Definitions 471
Spotlight On: Chemical Engineering 18.4 Creating the Attribute Block 472
18.5 Attribute Properties and Editing 473
16. Importing and Exporting Data Exploding Attributes 474
Inserting Attributes 474
16.1 Introduction to Importing and
18.6 Attribute Extraction 475
Exporting Data 438
18.7 Invisible Attributes 479
16.2 Importing and Exporting to and
18.8 Level 2 Drawing Project (8 of 10):
From MS Office Applications 438
Architectural Floor Plan 480
Word Into AutoCAD 438
Summary 481
AutoCAD Into Word 439
Review Questions 481
Excel Into AutoCAD 439
Exercise 481
AutoCAD Into Excel 440
PowerPoint Into AutoCAD 440
AutoCAD Into PowerPoint 440 19. Advanced Output and Pen Settings
16.3 Screen Shots 441 19.1 Introduction to Advanced Output
16.4 JPGs 441 and Pen Settings 484
16.5 PDFs 442 19.2 Setting Standards 484
16.6 Other CAD Software 445 19.3 The CTB File 484
x Contents

Step 1 488 Review Questions 515

Step 2 488 Exercises 515
Step 3 489
19.4 Additional CTB File Features 489
19.5 Lineweight Settings 490 Level 2. Answers to Review
19.6 Level 2 Drawing Project (9 of 10):
Architectural Floor Plan 491
Questions
Summary 493
Appendix A: Additional Information on AutoCAD 527
Review Questions 493
Appendix B: Other Computer-Aided Design
Exercise 493
Software, Design and Analysis Tools, and
Concepts 535
Appendix C: File Extensions 541
Spotlight On: Drafting, CAD Appendix D: Custom Linetypes and Hatch
Management, Teaching, and Patterns 543
Consulting Appendix E: Principles of CAD Management 547
Appendix F: AutoLISP Basics and Advanced
Customization Tools 553
20. Isometric Drawing
Appendix G: PC Hardware, Printers/Plotters,
20.1 Introduction to Graphical Projection 502 Networks, and the Cloud 559
20.2 Isometric Projection 502 Appendix H: What Are Kernels? 565
Why Use Isometric Projection Instead Appendix I: Lighting, Rendering, Effects, and
of 3D? 503 Animation 567
When Not to Use Isometric Perspective 503 Appendix J: 3D Printing 569
20.3 Basic Technique 503 Appendix K: AutoCAD Certification Exams 573
20.4 Ellipses in Isometric Drawing 506 Appendix L: AutoCAD Employment 577
20.5 Text and Dimensions in Isometric Appendix M: AutoCAD Humor, Oddities,
Drawing 507 Quirks, and Easter Eggs 579
20.6 Level 2 Drawing Project (10 of 10): Appendix N: The Future of AutoCAD 583
Architectural Floor Plan 510
Summary 515 Index 587
About the Authors

Elliot J. Gindis

Elliot J. Gindis started out using AutoCAD professionally at a New York City area
civil engineering company in September 1996, moving on to consulting work shortly
afterward. He has since drafted in a wide variety of fields ranging from all aspects of
architecture and building design to electrical, mechanical, civil, structural, aerospace,
and rail design. These assignments, including lengthy stays with IBM and Siemens
Transportation Systems, totaled over 50 companies to date.
In 1999, Elliot began teaching part-time at the Pratt Institute of Design, followed
by positions at Netcom Information Systems, RoboTECH CAD Solutions, and more
recently at the New York Institute of Technology. In 2003, Elliot formed Vertical
Technologies Consulting and Design an AutoCAD training firm that continues to
train corporate clients nationwide in using and optimizing AutoCAD.
Elliot holds a bachelor’s degree in aerospace engineering from Embry-Riddle
Aeronautical University, and a master’s degree in engineering management from
Mercer University. As of 2016, he resides in the Los Angeles area and is a flight test
engineer for the US Air Force. He also continues to be involved with AutoCAD education and CAD consulting. Up and
Running with AutoCAD 2019, which carefully incorporates lessons learned from over 23 years of teaching and industry
work, is his 14th overall textbook on the subject. His 2012 textbook has also been translated and is available in Spanish
from Anaya Multimedia. He can be reached at Elliot.Gindis@gmail.com or via his website: www.verticaltechtraining.com.
Previous Textbooks by Elliot J. Gindis:
English
l Operational AutoCAD 2008. New York: Netcom Inc. (out of print)
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2009 [e-book only]. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2010. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2011: 2D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2011: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2012: 2D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2012: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2013: 2D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2013: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2014: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2015: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2016: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2017: 2D and 3D Drawing and Modeling. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2018: 2D Drafting and Design. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
Spanish
l AutoCAD 2012 - Dibujar y Modelar en 2D y 3D. Madrid, Spain: Anaya Multimedia.

xi
xii About the Authors

Robert C. Kaebisch

Robert C. Kaebisch started using AutoCAD in 1989 with R10 and continued using each
subsequent release through college and throughout his career. Most of his drafting work
has involved architecture, interior design, mechanical, electrical, plumbing, and other
construction-related industries, from schematic designs through full construction
documents.
After starting his architectural career in the mid-1990s, and spending several years in
the field, Robert began teaching as a part-time adjunct instructor at ITT Technical
Institute at the school of Design and Drafting in 2001. In 2004, he stepped away from
teaching to focus back on architecture and obtained his architect’s license in 2005. In
2008 he returned to teaching and became a full-time instructor in Gateway Technical
College’s Architectural-Structural Engineering Technician program. He continues to
teach and be involved in architectural design and consulting, as well as AutoCAD and
other software training.
Robert holds a bachelor’s degree in architecture from the University of WisconsineMilwaukee’s School of Archi-
tecture and Urban Planning, and a certificate in Project Management from the University of WisconsineStout. He
maintains his architect’s license, technical college teaching license in WI, and national certifications in both AutoCAD and
Autodesk Revit. He currently lives in the Milwaukee area and can be reached at Robert.Kaebisch@gmail.com.
Previous Textbooks by Robert C. Kaebisch:
l Up and Running with AutoCAD 2018: 2D Drafting and Design. Waltham, MA: Elsevier, Inc.
Preface

WHAT IS AUTOCAD?
AutoCAD is a drafting and design software package developed and marketed by Autodesk, Inc. As of 2018, it has been
around for approximately 36 years - several lifetimes in the software industry. It has grown from modest beginnings to an
industry standard, often imitated, sometimes exceeded, but never equaled. The basic premise of its design is simple and is
the main reason for AutoCAD’s success. Anything you can think of, you can draw quickly and easily. For many years,
AutoCAD remained a superb 2D electronic drafting board, replacing the pencil and paper for an entire generation of
technical professionals. In recent releases, its 3D capabilities finally matured, and AutoCAD is now also considered an
excellent 3D visualization tool, especially for architecture and interior design.
The software has a rather steep learning curve to become an expert but a surprisingly easy one to just get started. Most
important, it is well worth learning. This is truly global software that has been adopted by millions of architects, designers,
and engineers worldwide. Over the years, Autodesk expanded this reach by introducing add-on packages that customize
AutoCAD for industry-specific tasks, such as electrical, civil, and mechanical engineering. However, underneath all these
add-ons is still plain AutoCAD. This software remains hugely popular. Learn it well, as it is still one of the best skills you
can add to your resume.

ABOUT THIS BOOK

This book is not like most on the market. While many authors certainly view their particular text as unique and novel in its
approach, I rarely reviewed one that was clear to a beginner student and distilled AutoCAD concepts down to basic, easy to
understand explanations. The problem may be that many of the available books are written by either industry technical
experts or teachers but rarely by someone who is actively both. One really needs to interact with the industry and the
students, in equal measure, to bridge the gap between reality and the classroom.
After years of AutoCAD design work in the daytime and teaching nights and weekends, I set out to create a set of
classroom notes that outlined, in an easy to understand manner, exactly how AutoCAD is used and applied, not theoretical
musings or clinical descriptions of the commands. These notes eventually were expanded into this book that you now hold.
The rationale was simple: I need this person to be up and running as soon as possible to do a job. How do we make this
happen?

TEACHING METHODS
My teaching approach has its roots in a certain philosophy I developed while attending engineering school many years ago.
While there, I had sometimes been frustrated with the complex presentation of what in retrospect amounted to rather simple
topics. My favorite quote was, “Most ideas in engineering are not that hard to understand but often become so upon
explanation.” The moral of that quote was that concepts can usually be distilled to their essence and explained in an easy
and straightforward manner. That is the job of a teacher: Not to blow away students with technical expertise but to use
experience and top-level knowledge to sort out what is important and what is secondary and to explain the essentials in
plain language.
Such is the approach to this AutoCAD book. I want everything here to be highly practical and easy to understand.
There are few descriptions of procedures or commands that are rarely used in practice. If we talk about it, you will likely
need it. The first thing you must learn is how to draw a line. You see this command on the first few pages of Chapter 1, not
buried somewhere in later sections. It is essential to present the “core” of AutoCAD, essential knowledge common to just
about any drafting situation, all of it meant to get you up and running quickly. This stripped down approach proved
effective in the classroom and was carefully incorporated into this text.

xiii
xiv Preface

TEXT ORGANIZATION
This book comes in three parts: Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3:
Level 1 Chapters 1e10 is meant to give you a wide breadth of knowledge on many topics, a sort of “mile wide”
approach. These 10 chapters comprise, in my experience, the complete essential knowledge set of an intermediate user.
You then can work on, if not necessarily set up and manage, moderate to complex drawings. If your CAD requirements are
modest or if you are not required to draft full time, then this is where you stop.
Level 2 Chapters 11e20 is meant for advanced users who are CAD managers, full-time AutoCAD draftspersons,
architects, or self-employed and must do everything themselves. The goal here is depth, as many features not deemed
critically important in Level 1 are revisited to explore additional advanced options. Also introduced are advanced topics
necessary to set up and manage complex drawings.
Level 3 (Chapters 21e30) is all about 3D. Solid knowledge of the previous two levels is highly recommended before
starting these chapters. The 3D material covers all aspects of AutoCAD solid modeling including lights and rendering. For
the 2018 and again for this 2019 edition the 3D chapters have been removed from the print and eBook version of the
textbook, and instead are now offered online for free download.
Throughout this book, the following methods are used to present material:
l Explain the new concept or command and why it is important.
l Cover the command step by step (if needed), with your input and AutoCAD responses shown so you can follow and
learn them.
l Give you a chance to apply just-learned knowledge to a real-life exercise, drawing, or model.
l Test yourself with end-of-chapter quizzes and drawing exercises that ask questions about the essential knowledge.
You will not see an extensive array of distracting “learning aids” in this text. You will, however, see some common
features throughout, such as

Commands: These are presented in almost all cases in the

form of a command matrix, such as the one shown here for a
line. You can choose any of the methods for entering the
command.

Tips and tricks: These are seen mostly in the first few chapters
and one is shown here. They are very specific, deliberate sug-
gestions to smooth out the learning experience. Do take note.
Step-by-step instructions: These are featured whenever prac-
tical and show you exactly how to execute the command,
TIP 1: The Esc (escape) key in the upper left-hand corner of your
keyboard is your new best friend. It gets you out of just about any
trouble you get yourself into. If something does not look right, just
press the Esc key and repeat the command. Mine was worn out
learning AutoCAD, so expect to use it often.
Step 1. Begin the line command via any of the previous methods.
l AutoCAD says: Specify first point:

such as the example with line here. What you type in and Step 2. Using the mouse, left-click anywhere on the screen.
what AutoCAD says are in the software’s default font: l AutoCAD says: Specify next point or [Undo]:

Courier New. The rest of the steps are in the standard print
font.
Learning objectives and time for completion: Each chapter be-
gins with this, which builds a “road map” for you to follow
Step 3. Move the mouse elsewhere on the screen and left-click
again. You can repeat Step 2 as many times as you wish. When you
are done, click Enter or Esc.
In this chapter, we introduce AutoCAD and discuss the following:
l Introduction and the basic commands

while progressing through the chapter, as well as sets expecta- l The Create Objects commands

tions of what you will learn if you put in the time to go l The Edit and Modify Objects commands

through the chapter. The time for completion is based on class- l The View Objects commands, etc.

room teaching experience but is only an estimate. If you are By the end of the chapter, you will .
learning AutoCAD in school, your instructor may choose to
cover part of a chapter or more than one at a time. Estimated time for completion of chapter: 3 hours.
Summary, review questions, exercises: Each chapter concludes SUMMARY
with these. Be sure to not skip these pages and to review REVIEW QUESTIONS
everything you learned. EXERCISES
 Preface xv

WHAT YOUR GOAL SHOULD BE

Just learning commands is not enough; you need to see the big picture and truly understand AutoCAD and how it
functions for it to become effortless and transparent. The focus after all is on your design. AutoCAD is just one of the
tools to realize it.
A good analogy is ice hockey. Professional players do not think about skating; to them, it is second nature. They are
focused on strategy, scoring a goal, and getting by the defenders. This mentality should be yours as well. You must become
proficient through study and practice, to the point where you are working with AutoCAD, not struggling against it. It then
becomes “transparent” and you focus only on the design, to truly perform the best architecture or engineering work of
which you are capable.
If you are in an instructor-led class, take good notes. If you are self-studying from this text, pay very close attention to
every topic; nothing here is unimportant. Do not skip or cut corners, and complete every drawing assignment. Most
important, you have to practice, daily if possible, as there is no substitute for sitting down and using the software. Not
everyone these days has the opportunity to learn while working and getting paid; companies want ready-made experts and
do not want to wait. If that is the case, you have to practice on your own in the evening or on weekends. Just taking a class
or reading this book alone is not enough.
It may seem like a big mountain to climb right now, but it is completely doable. Once on top, you will find that
AutoCAD is not the frustrating program it may have seemed in the early days but an intuitive software package that, with
proficiency of use, becomes a natural extension of your mind when working on a new design. That, in the end, is the mark
of successful software; it helps you do your job easier and faster. Feel free to contact myself or my co-author with questions
or comments at Elliot.Gindis@gmail.com and Robert.Kaebisch@gmail.com. Also, be sure to visit my website at www.
verticaltechtraining.com, where you will find not only the 3D chapters for download, but other extensive resource such
as exercises, videos, articles and a discussion board to get your AutoCAD questions answered.
This page intentionally left blank
Acknowledgments

A textbook of this magnitude is rarely a product of only one person’s effort. I thank all the early and ongoing reviewers of
this text and Chris Ramirez of Vertical Technologies Consulting for research and ideas when most needed as well as using
the text in his classroom. A big thank you also to Karen Miletsky (retired) formerly of Pratt Institute of Design, Russell and
Titu Sarder at Netcom Information Technology, and everyone at the New York Institute of Technology, RoboTECH CAD
Solutions, Future Media Concepts, and other premier training centers, colleges, and universities for their past and present
support.
Extensive gratitude also goes to Joseph P. Hayton, Todd Green, Stephen R. Merken, Peter Jardim, Jeff Freeland,
Kathleen Chaney, Gnomi Schrift Gouldin, Kiruthika Govindaraju, Maria Ines Cruz, and the rest of the team at Elsevier for
believing in the project and for their invaluable support in getting the book out to market. Thank you also to Denis Cadu of
Autodesk for all the support at the Autodesk Developers Network.
A big thank you to my new coauthor, Robert C. Kaebisch of Gateway Technical College, for assisting in bringing the
2018 edition to the next level and continuing his excellent work for this 2019 book.
Finally, I thank my friends and family, especially my parents, Boris and Tatyana Gindis, and my wonderful wife,
Marina, for their patience and encouragement as I undertake the lengthy annual effort of bringing this textbook to life. This
book is dedicated to the hundreds of students who have passed through my classrooms and made teaching the enjoyable
adventure it has become.
Elliot J. Gindis
May 2018
First and foremost, I have to thank Elliot J. Gindis for asking me to join him on this journey and trusting me to help
with the evolution of his creation. Thank you to the teachers who gave me the freedom to explore technical drafting,
architecture, and all of their associated technologies: Mr. Peter Wilson, Mr. Paul Barry, and Mr. Rick Jules.
I could not do the work I do without the support of the Engineering Technology Wing faculty: Ray Koukari, Jr., Pat
Hoppe, and Steve Whitmoyer. Another big thank you to the Gateway Technical College administration: Dr. Bryan D.
Albrecht, Zina Haywood, Matt Janisin, and Dr. John Thibodeau for helping me grow as an instructor.
Finally, I thank my wife Cathi, my children, Alex and Emma, and my parents, Jerald and Sharon Kaebisch, Jr. for their
continued support. This journey is proving to be a great learning experience, making me a better instructor and learner.
Robert C. Kaebisch
May 2018

xvii
This page intentionally left blank
Level 1. Chapters 1e10

Level 1 is the very beginning of your studies. No prior knowledge of AutoCAD is assumed, only basic fa-
miliarity with computers and some technical aptitude. You are also at an advantage if you have hand drafted
before, as many AutoCAD techniques flow from the old paper and pencil days, a fact alluded to later in the
chapters.
We begin Chapter 1 by outlining the basic commands under Create Objects and Modify Objects followed by an
introduction to the AutoCAD environment. We then introduce basic accuracy tools of Ortho and OSNAP.
Chapter 2 continues the basics by adding units and various data entry tools. These first two chapters are critically
important, as success here ensures you will understand the rest and be able to function in the AutoCAD
environment.
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
392 Ixia columnaris. Var Narrow-leaved G. H. June
angustifolia. Columnar-chived Ixia Bulb
Hard.
393 Fumaria Formosa Beautiful Fumitory June
Herb
G. H.
394 Mimosa Linifolia Flax-leaved Mimosa May
Shrub
Anthericum G. H.
395 Panicled Anthericum July
paniculatum Herb
Various-coloured Bell- Hard.
396 Campanula versicolor July
flower Herb
Hard.
397 Stewartia marilandica Maryland Stewartia August
Shrub
G. H.
398 Wachendorfia villosa Villous Wachendorfia June
Herb
Tuberous-rooted H. H.
399 Commelina tuberosa Septem.
Commelina Herb
G. H.
400 Eucalyptus resinifera Resinous Eucalyptus July
Shrub
Spiked-flowered Saw- Hard.
401 Serratula spicata July
wort Herb
Large-flowered Virgin’s Hard.
402 Clematis florida July
Bower Shrub
H. H.
403 Ipomea grandiflora Great-flowered Ipomea Septem.
Ann.
Red-lead-coloured G. H.
404 Morea miniata April
Morea Bulb
Toothed-flowered Hard.
405 Primula dentiflora Septem.
Primrose Herb
Aponogeton Simple-spiked H. H.
406 July
monostachyon Aponogeton Herb
Toothed-leaved G. H.
407 Calendula dentata July
Marygold Shrub
G. H.
408 Dahlia pinnata Pinnated-leaved Dahlia Septem.
Herb
409 Protea Scolymus Smooth-leaved Protea G. H. May
Shrub
H. H.
410 Cynanchum undatum Waved Cynanchum July
Shrub
Spiked-flowered G. H.
411 Psoralea spicata July
Psoralea Shrub
G. H.
412 Calendula viscosa Viscous Marygold October
Shrub
Ternate-leaved G. H.
413 Geranium hymenodes May
Geranium Herb
H. H.
414 Crassula obliqua Oblique-leaved Crassula October
Shrub
Coronopus-leaved H. H.
415 Cantua Coronopifolia Novem.
Cantua Herb
G. H.
416 Salvia Chamædrifolia Germander-leaved Sage July
Shrub
Ternate large-flowered G. H.
417 Crotolaria pulchella July
Crotolaria Shrub
Hard.
418 Gentiana Catesbæi Catesby’s Gentian October
Herb
Hard.
419 Genista lusitanica Portugal Genista March
Shrub
Tuberous many-flowered G. H.
420 Geranium floribundum July
Geranium Herb
Upright-flowering H. H.
421 Renealmia calcarata Septem.
Renealmia Herb
H. H.
422 Crotolaria juncea Rushy-stalked Crotolaria August
Ann.
Dwarf yellow-flowered G. H.
423 Geranium luteum Septem.
Geranium Herb
Small-flowered G. H.
424 Polygala micrantha April
Milkwort Shrub
H. H.
425 Mangifera indica Indian Mango-tree Decem.
Shrub
426 Limodorum Chinese Limodorum H. H. Decem.
Tankervilliæ Herb
Gompholobium G. H.
427 Maculated Air-Pod July
maculatum Shrub
Stæhelina-like Eternal- G. H.
428 Elychrisum Stæhelina Decem.
flower Shrub
Axillary-flowered H. H.
429 Cæsulea axillaris August
Cæsulea Herb
G. H.
430 Ricinus armatus Prickly-capsuled Ricinus October
Bien.
G. H.
431 Protea incurva Incurved-leaved Protea June
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H. H.
432 Strelitzia Reginæ The Queen’s Strelitzia August
Herb
 ERRATA ET CORRIGENDA IN VOL. VI.
Plate 361, line 20, for brevioribus, read breviora.
———— 21, for antheris, read antheras.
362, —— 7, after longissimo add partim, and after long add and
partly.
———— 11, after cochleariformibus, add circumscissis.
———— 16, for antheris, read antheras.
———— after line 21, add 4. The Seed-bud and Pointal.
365, —— 21, for antheris, read antheras.
375, —— 19, for the Pointal, &c. read one of the Scales of the
Empalement.
———— 10, for prinnate, read pinnate.
378, —— 3, from the bottom, for Erodium, read Pelangonium.
383, After the Specific Character, add P. undulatum, Vent. Pl. nouv.
76.
389, line 25, for retuse, read undulatim retusa.
390, —— 20, after tubulosi, add ante anthesin inflati.
395, —— 18, after is, read a new species.
396, —— 24, for and, read it.
397, —— 13, strike out the letter l.
399, —— 4, from the bottom, for double, read but half.
404, —— 9, for Monadelphia, read Monadelpha.
———— 22, for east, read least.
405, —— 22, for affords, read afford.
410, —— 11, after waved, add and.
———— 27, for known, read unknown.
415, —— 22, for 4 read 3.
417, —— 10, strike out the two hyphens and the comma between
them.
418, —— 7, from bottom, for purple read blue.
420, —— 19, for Erodium, read Pelangonium.
424, —— 27, for compensates, read compensate.
426, —— 16, after plant, add 5.
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE
BOTANIST'S REPOSITORY FOR NEW AND RARE PLANTS; VOL.
06 [OF 10] ***

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