Materials Today: Proceedings xxx (xxxx) xxx

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Materials Today: Proceedings

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Study on optimization of spur gear performance with titanium carbide

incorporated aluminium matrix composite
R. Siva ⇑, K.A. Vimalson, P. Yogeshkumar, Nivin Joy, M. Sangeetha, Kaja bantha navas
School of Mechanical Engineering, Sathyabama Institute of Science and Technology, Jeppiaar Nagar, Chennai 600119, India

a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t

Article history: In this paper, the mechanical properties and surface morphology of Aluminium alloy 6061 composite
Received 31 August 2020 with differing weight percentages of 40 mm grain size Titanium carbide used to fabricate spur gears
Received in revised form 25 October 2020 are studied. A comparison is made between the conventional spur gear model and the developed com-
Accepted 28 October 2020
posite with better strength, the complete analysis is done using ANSYS. The Aluminium alloy 6061 com-
Available online xxxx
posite samples reinforced with 5%, 10% and 15% by weight Titanium carbide particles are fabricated by
stir casting process. Tensile, hardness and impact tests are conducted for all the composites to determine
Keywords:
their mechanical properties. The modelling and Finite Element Analysis of the spur gear is done using
Aluminium alloy
Titanium carbide
CATIA and ANSYS respectively. It is noted that increased weight percentage of Titanium carbide gives
Stir casting higher tensile strength, impact strength and hardness values. ANSYS analysis of spur gear of aluminium
Spur gear alloy 6061 with 15% Titanium carbide composite shows that it has better fatigue life than the gear made
Modelling out of conventional cast iron.
Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd International Con-
ference on Frontiers in Automobile & Mechanical Engineering.

1. Introduction compared to other processes [3]. There are different composite

Gears are one of the important components in power transmis-
sion systems and are used in most types of mechanical machinery.
They are mostly used to transmit torque, angular velocity and to
transmit power from one part of a machine to another. The
demand for enhanced service life of gears by industries is high,
necessitating continual improvements in the material, design and
manufacture of efficient, reliable, and lightweight gears. The
improved mechanical properties of aluminium matrix composites
reinforced with Titanium carbide (TiC) has led to the use of such
composite materials in commercial, automotive, military and aero-
space applications [1]. The composite can be produced through
various methods such as powder metallurgy, in situ process, stir-
casting etc. In situ process was employed for producing aluminium
alloy and TiC composite at different weight ratios; it was con-
cluded that there was an increase in the mechanical properties
and a decrease in wear rate when the weight percentage of TiC
was increased [2]. However stir-casting has evolved to be an eco-
nomical method for the production of composite materials when
⇑ Corresponding author.
E-mail address: rsivapsg@gmail.com (R. Siva).
materials that can be used for gear production. Composites devel-
oped using aluminium and silicon carbide in different ratios
through stir casting route have been discussed in many earlier
research studies. Excellent properties were observed when the
matrix composition of 90% aluminium and 10% silicon carbide
was used for the fabrication of gears [4]. Some researchers pro-
posed the use of composites with different weight ratios of alu-
minium and Tungsten carbide, they concluded that there was
increased strength and reduced density as the percentage of tung-
sten carbide was increased. The maximum strength was obtained
at 8% Tungsten carbide [5]. The TiC particles increased the wear
resistance and hardness of the soft matrix material. The hardness
of the composite directly depends on the uniform distribution of
reinforcement particles [6]. Different ratios of aluminium and TiC
composite were developed through powder metallurgy and the
best properties were obtained at 12% TiC at 550 °C [7]. Nano-
scale TiC particles were used to develop composites at three differ-
ent weight ratios and both the mechanical and thermal properties
were studied [8]. Aluminium alloy AA7075 was reinforced with
different ratios of TiC and the researchers found that the addition
of ceramic content increased the bending strength of the compos-
ite, with maximum bending strength obtained at 7.5% of reinforce-

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.804
2214-7853/Ó 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Selection and peer-review under responsibility of the scientific committee of the 3rd International Conference on Frontiers in Automobile & Mechanical Engineering.

Please cite this article as: R. Siva, K.A. Vimalson, P. Yogeshkumar et al., Study on optimization of spur gear performance with titanium carbide incorporated
aluminium matrix composite, Materials Today: Proceedings, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.804
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Materials Today: Proceedings, Corrected proof. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.804

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id. Curabitur nunc risus, egestas vel nunc in, vestibulum scelerisque enim. Cras aliquet euismod magna. Maecenas viverra
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consequat nisl ut feugiat. Morbi dignissim ex vitae malesuada imperdiet. In blandit, arcu at finibus egestas, neque nisi
egestas diam, et fringilla orci est ut ligula. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et

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semper convallis nunc ut dignissim. Praesent nec nulla sit amet libero dignissim elementum at id velit. Vestibulum tempor
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Phasellus ac tellus tempus,

Materials Today: Proceedings, Corrected proof. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.804

Proin eget ante in diam maximus semper. Morbi tristique faucibus mattis. Ut sit amet tortor iaculis, mollis erat at, tincidunt
justo. Nunc et efficitur eros, et pulvinar est. Donec urna risus, lacinia sollicitudin dui faucibus, aliquet eleifend nunc. Nunc
mollis arcu vitae odio bibendum, ac vestibulum lorem pharetra. Morbi porta enim ornare, consequat ligula id, elementum
eros. Proin lacinia dapibus sollicitudin.

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Materials Today: Proceedings, Corrected proof. doi:10.1016/j.matpr.2020.10.804