DELHI PUBLIC SCHOOL BANGALORE NORTH

ACADEMIC SESSION 2023– 2024

SUBJECT: MATHEMATICS
CLASS: X HALF YEAR EXAMINATION
WORKSHEET ON TRIANGLES
ANSWER KEYS

1. In ∠BAC = 90° and AD ⊥ BC. A Then

(а) BD.CD = BC²

(б) AB.AC = BC²
(c) BD.CD = AD²
(d) AB.AC = AD²
ANS.(C)
2. If ΔABC ~ ΔDEF and ΔABC is not similar to ΔDEF then which of the following is not true?
(a) BC.EF = AC.FD
(b) AB.ED = AC.DE
(c) BC.DE = AB.EE
(d) BC.DE = AB.FD
ANS.(C)

3. If in triangles ABC and DEF,AB/DE=BC/FD , then they will be similar, if

(a) ∠B = ∠E
(b) ∠A = ∠D
(c) ∠B = ∠D
(d) ∠A = ∠F
ANS.(C)
4. If the lengths of the diagonals of rhombus are 16 cm and 12 cm. Then, the length of the sides of the
rhombus is
(a) 9 cm (b) 10 cm (c) 8 cm (d) 20 cm
Ans: (b)
5.Assertion (A): In a ΔABC, if DE∥BCand intersects AB at D and AC at E,
then AB/AD=AC/AE

Reason (R): If a line is drawn parallel to one side of a triangle to intersect the other two
sides in distinct points, then these sides are divided in the same ratio.
A) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true and reason (R) is the correct explanation
of assertion (A).

B) Both assertion (A) and reason (R) are true but reason (R) is not the correct
explanation of assertion (A).

C) Assertion (A) is true but reason (R) is false.

D) Assertion (A) is false but reason (R) is true.

Correct Answer: A
Solution :

[a] Clearly, reason is true as it is Thales theorem.

Since,

DE||BC,
by Thales theorem, we have

AD/DB=AE/BC⇒DB/AD=EC/AE
⇒1+DB/AD=1+EC/AE
⇒AD+DB/AD=AE+EC/AE
⇒AB/AD=AC/AE,
which is true,
∴
Assertion: True; Reason ; True and it is the correct explanation of assertion.
6. In ∆DEW, AB || EW. If AD = 4 cm, DE = 12 cm and DW = 24 cm, then find the value of DB.
Solution:
Let BD = x cm
then BW = (24 – x) cm, AE = 12 – 4 = 8 cm
In ∆DEW, AB || EW

7. In ∆ABC, DE || BC, find the value of x.

Solution:
In ∆ABC, DE || BC …[Given

x(x + 5) = (x + 3)(x + 1)
x2 + 5x = x2 + 3x + x + 3
x2 + 5x – x2 – 3x – x = 3
∴ x = 3 cm

8. In the figure ABC and DBC are two right triangles. Prove that AP × PC = BP × PD. (2013)

Solution:
In ∆APB and ∆DPC,
∠1 = ∠4 … [Each = 90°
∠2 = ∠3 …[Vertically opp. ∠s
∴ ∆APB ~ ∆DPC …[AA corollary
⇒ BPPC=APPD … [Sides are proportional
∴ AP × PC = BP × PD

9. In the given figure, ∠CAB = 90° and AD ⊥ BC. If AC = 25 cm, AB = 1 m and BD = 96.08
cm, then find the value of AD.
 Answer:
In ∆BAC and ∆BDA, we have
∠BAC = ∠BDA = 90°
∠B = ∠B [Common]
⇒ ∆BAC ~ ∆BDA [By AA similarity axiom]

10. In the given figure, DEFG is a square and ∠BAC = 90°. Show that FG 2
= BG × FC.

In ∆ADE and ∆GBD,

∠ADE = ∠GBD (Corresponding ∠s)
∠EAD = ∠DGB (Each 90° given)
⇒ ∆ADE ~ ∆GBD ……. (i) (AA similarity)
In ∆ADE and ∆FEC,
∠AED = ∠ECF (Corresponding ∠s)
∠DAE = ∠CFE (Each 90° given)
∆ADE ~ ∆FEC ………. (ii) (AA similarity)
From equation (i) and (ii) ⇒ ∆GBD ~ ∆FEC
⇒ = GDFC=GBFE
⇒ GD × FE = GB × FC
⇒ FG × FG = GB × FC [∵ GD = FG = FE]

∴ FG2 = BG × FC

11. The perimeters of two similar triangles are 25 cm and 15 cm respectively. If one side of the
first triangle is 9 cm, find the length of the corresponding side of the second triangle.
13.if one diagonal of a trapezium divides the other diagonal in the ratio 1:3 prove
that one of the parallel sides is three times the other
 14. A research team wishes to determine the altitude of a mountain
as follows (see figure below): They use a light source at L, mounted
on a structure of height 2 meters, to shine a beam of light through
the top of a pole P' through the top of the mountain M'. The height of
the pole is 20 meters. The distance between the altitude of the
mountain and the pole is 1000 meters. The distance between the
pole and the laser is 10 meters. We assume that the light source
mount, the pole and the altitude of the mountain are in the same
plane. Find the altitude h of the mountain.


We first draw a horizontal line LM. PP' and MM' are vertical to the ground and
therefore parallel to each other. Since PP' and MM' are parallel, the triangles
LPP' and LMM' are similar. Hence the proportionality of the sides gives:
1010 / 10 = (h - 2) / 18
 Solve for h to obtain
h = 1820 meters.
 15. A piece of timber leaning against a wall, just touches the top of a fence, as
shown. Find how far up the wall the timber reaches.

In ∆DEC and ∆ABC,

<DCE = <ACB (A)

<DEC = <ABC (A)

Using AA theorem, the above triangles

∆DEC ~ ∆ABC

DE/AB = CD/CA = CE/BC

DE/AB = CE/BC

1.6/AB = 3/(3+2)

1.6/AB = 3/5

1.6(5) = 3AB

AB = 8/3

AB = 2.66 m

At 2.66 m above the timber reaches the wall.

16. In figure, if ∠1 =∠2 and ΔNSQ = ΔMTR, then prove that ΔPTS ~ ΔPRQ.

17. ABCD is a trapezium in which AB || DC and P,Q are points on AD and BC

respectively, such that PQ || DC, if PD = 18 cm, BQ = 35 cm and QC = 15 cm,
find AD.
18 In the given figure, if PQRS is a parallelogram and AB || PS, then prove that 0C || SR.
19.
1. What is the height of the tower?
Answer: c) 100m
2. What will be the length of the shadow of the tower when Vijay’s house casts a shadow
of 12m?
Answer: d) 60m
3. What is the height of Ajay’s house?
Answer: b) 40m
When the tower casts a shadow of 40m, same time what will be the length of the shadow
of Ajay’s house?
Answer: a) 16m

20. A scale drawing of an object is the same shape at the object but a different size. The scale of a
drawing is a comparison of the length used on a drawing to the length it represents. The scale is
written as a ratio. The ratio of two corresponding sides in similar figures is called the scale factor
Scale factor= length in image / corresponding length in object

If one shape can become another using revising, then the shapes are similar. Hence, two
shapes are similar when one can become the other after a resize, flip, slide or turn. In the
photograph below showing the side view of a train engine. Scale factor is 1:200

This means that a length of 1 cm on the photograph above corresponds to a length of 200cm
or 2 m, of the actual engine. The scale can also be written as the ratio of two lengths.

1. If the length of the model is 11cm, then the overall length of the engine in the
photograph above, including the couplings (mechanism used to connect) is:
Answer: a)22m
2. What is the actual width of the door if the width of the door in photograph is 0.35cm?
Answer: a)0.7m
3. If two similar triangles have a scale factor 5:3 which statement regarding the two
triangles is true?
a) The ratio of their perimeters is 15:1 b) Their altitudes have a ratio 25:15

c) Their medians have a ratio 10:4 d) Their angle bisectors have a ratio 11:5

Answer: b) Their altitudes have a ratio 25:15

a) 8cm b) 6cm c) 4cm d) 10cm

Answer: c)4cm