QUESTION 1.

What does Universal Adult Franchise mean?

a) Right to vote to property owners

b) Right to vote to women
c) Right to vote to all adults
d) Right to vote to blacks

QUESTION 2.
Which of the following are features of democracy?

1. Free and fair elections

2. Rule of law

3. Limited franchise

4. Respect for rights

Select the correct answer

a) 1 only
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1, 2 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

QUESTION 3.
Which of the following is an example of 'rule of law'?

a) Police has the right to kill anybody

b) Women can be paid lesser salaries
c) Prime Minister can be punished for violating the Constitution
d) President can rule for as long as he wants

QUESTION 4.
Why can the Chinese government not be called a democratic government even though elections
are held there?

a) Army participates in elections

b) Government is not accountable to the people
c) Some parts of China are not represented at all
d) Government is always formed by the single party

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 QUESTION 5.
‘One person, one vote’ means:

a) One person has one vote and each vote has one value
b) One person is to be voted by all
c) A person can vote only once in his life
d) Both a and c

QUESTION 6.
Which of the following is not a function of a constitution?

a) It gives a guarantee of the rights of the citizen.

b) It marks out different spheres of power for different branches of government.
c) It ensures that good people come to power.
d) It gives expression to some shared values.

QUESTION 7.
How does democracy improve the quality of decision-making?

a) Decisions are taken by educated people

b) All decisions are approved by judiciary
c) Decisions are taken over a long period of time
d) Decisions are taken by consultation and discussion

QUESTION 8.
Which of these features is/are necessary to provide the basic rights to the citizens?

a) Citizens should be free to think

b) Should be free to form associations
c) Should be free to raise protests
d) All the above

QUESTION 9.
How does democracy allow us to correct its own mistakes?

a) Mistakes are hidden and cannot be corrected

b) Re-electing the same government to enable it to correct its mistakes

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 c) The rulers can be changed
d) None of the above

QUESTION 10.
Which of these countries is an example of a coming together federation?

a) India
b) Spain
c) Belgium
d) USA

QUESTION 11.
What is the main objective of federalism?

a) To accommodate regional diversity

b) To provide economic stability
c) To control political parties
d) To maintain military control

QUESTION 12.
Consider the following statements regarding decentralization of power:

1. It aims to transfer decision-making authority from the central government to local

governments.

2. It enhances the responsiveness and accountability of governance by bringing it closer to the

people.

Which of the following options is correct?

a) Both statements 1 and 2 are correct

b) Only statement 1 is correct
c) Only statement 2 is correct
d) Neither statement 1 nor statement 2 is correct

QUESTION 13.
Which statement about social differences is incorrect ?

a) They can be based on birth

b) They can be based on the choices people make

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 c) They can lead to inequality
d) They always lead to social division

QUESTION 14.
Match the following parts of the Indian Constitution with their content:

List I List II

A. 1.
Part III Directive Principles of State Policy

B.
2. Fundamental Rights
Part IV

C. Part V 3. The Union Government

D.
4. The State Governments
Part VI

Select the correct option

a) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4

b) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
c) A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
d) A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

QUESTION 15.
Consider the following statements about a secular state:

1. A secular state has no official religion and treats all religions equally.

2. A secular state promotes one specific religion over others.

3. A secular state ensures that religious groups do not interfere in government affairs.

Which of the following options is correct?

a) Only statements 1 and 2 are correct

b) Only statements 2 and 3 are correct
c) Only statements 1 and 3 are correct
d) All statements 1, 2, and 3 are correct

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 QUESTION 16.
Which of the following best describes a characteristic of a "holding together" federation?

a) The central government tends to be more powerful than the constituent states.
b) All constituent states have equal power and autonomy.
c) Both levels of government operate independently of each other.
d) The federation is formed by the voluntary union of independent states.

QUESTION 17.
Which of the following is not a feature of federalism?

a) Two or more levels of government

b) Different tiers of government govern the same citizens
c) Jurisdiction of each level of government is specified in the Constitution
d) No division of powers between levels of government

QUESTION 18.
Which statement about social inequality is correct?

a) It does not exist in democratic societies

b) It is not influenced by social differences
c) It is always based on economic status
d) It can be reduced through affirmative action

QUESTION 19.
Which article of the Indian Constitution prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion, race,
caste, sex or place of birth?

a) Article 14
b) Article 15
c) Article 16
d) Article 17

QUESTION 20.
Which of the following is not a fundamental right under the Indian Constitution?

a) Right to Equality

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 b) Right to Freedom
c) Right to Property
d) Right to Constitutional Remedies

QUESTION 21.
What is the main objective of a pressure group?

a) To contest elections
b) To overthrow the government
c) To form the government
d) To influence government policies

QUESTION 22.
Which of the following is not a feature of a one-party system?

a) Only one party controls and runs the government

b) Multiple parties contest elections
c) Opposition parties are not allowed to function
d) Only one party is allowed to exist

QUESTION 23.
Which of the following is not a criterion to judge a good democracy?

a) Regular free and fair elections

b) Participation of people in politics
c) Implementation of laws
d) Suppression of opposition

QUESTION 24.
Which of the following is an example of ‘civil society’?

a) Government institutions
b) Military organizations
c) Non-governmental organizations
d) Political parties

QUESTION 25.

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 Which of the following is a challenge to free and fair elections?

a) Electoral malpractices
b) Political campaigns
c) Voter participation
d) Party manifestos

QUESTION 26.
With reference to features of “Democracy”, consider the following statements:

1. Only leaders elected by people should rule the country.

2. People have the freedom to express views, freedom to organize and freedom to protest.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 27.
Consider the following statement:

1. Referendum is an indirect vote in which representatives of the electorate are asked to either
accept or reject a particular proposal.

2. A veto is the power to unilaterally stop an official action, especially the enactment of legislation.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 28.
With reference to International Monetary Fund (IMF), consider the following statements:

1. The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is one of the biggest moneylenders for any country in
the world.

2. Its member states have equal voting rights.

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 Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 29.
Consider the following statements:

1. In the nineteenth century struggles for democracy often centered round political equality,
freedom and justice.

2. European countries after becoming democratic allowed all people to vote at once.

3. In the United States of America, the blacks all over the country got the right to vote right after
American war of independence in 18th century

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3 only

QUESTION 30.
Regarding the system of Apartheid, consider the following statements:

1. Apartheid was the name of a system of racial discrimination unique to South Africa.

2. Nelson Mandela, was tried for treason by the white South African government for daring to
oppose the apartheid regime in his country.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 31.
Consider the following statements about the Constitution.

1. The Constitution ensures that good people come to power.

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 2. The Constitution is the locus of People’s hopes and aspirations.

3. The Constitution gives its citizens only a political identity.

How many of the above statements is/are Correct?

a) Only 1
b) Only 2
c) All 3
d) None

QUESTION 32.
The Constituent Assembly was setup under the:

a) Cripps Mission
b) Nehru Report
c) Wavell Plan
d) Cabinet Mission Plan

QUESTION 33.
The objective resolution was moved in the Constituent Assembly on:

a) December 13, 1946

b) January 26, 1950
c) November 26, 1946
d) November 26, 1950

QUESTION 34.
Who boycotted the Indian Constituent Assembly?

a) Unionist Muslim
b) Muslim League
c) Unionist Scheduled Caste
d) Krishak Pooja

QUESTION 35.
In an election where you are an eligible voter but if your "Right to Vote" is infringed, then what
remedy do you have?

a) File a non-judicial petition with the Election Commission of India.

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 b) Move the Supreme Court directly citing violation of Fundamental Rights.
c) File a case against the Chief Electoral Officer of the State.
d) Move the High court for infringement of a Constitutional Right.

QUESTION 36.
Consider the following Fundamental Rights:

1. Right against discrimination on grounds of religion

2. Right to conserve one's culture

3. Right to life and liberty

4. Right to freedom of speech and expression

Which of the above Fundamental Rights are conferred to the Indian citizens but not to the
foreign citizens living in India?

a) 1, 2 and 3
b) 2, 3 and 4
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 4

QUESTION 37.
By the 44th Amendment to the Constitution, the right to property was removed as a Fundamental
Right and has been made a legal right. This has the following implication(s)?

1. Now it can be regulated by an ordinary law of the Parliament without needing a Constitutional
amendment Act.

2. Now private property is protected against the executive action but not against the legislative
action.

Select the correct answer using the code given below:

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 38.
In India, which of the following institutions have the authority to expand and increase the

scope of Fundamental Rights of the Constitution?

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 1. President of India

2. Supreme Court

3. High Courts

4. Parliament

Select the correct answer using the codes given below:

a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 2 and 4 only
c) 2, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

QUESTION 39.
Consider the following statements about the Fundamental Rights:

1. Laws enforcing Fundamental Rights can be made only by the Parliament and not by state
legislatures.

2. Both the Parliament and State Legislatures can curtail or repeal the Fundamental Rights.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 40.
Which of the following about a law placed under IXth Schedule, which is in contravention

of Fundamental Rights, is true:

a) Cannot be questioned in any court of law

b) Some laws can be questioned in both High Court and Supreme Court
c) Can be questioned in High Court only
d) None of the above

QUESTION 41.
Which of the following are correctly matched:

1. Certiorari - to forbid

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 2. Mandamus - we command

3. Quo-Warranto - by what authority

a) 2, 3
b) 1, 3
c) 1, 2
d) All of the above

QUESTION 42.
Which of the following is a constitutional body:

a) Election Commission
b) Finance Commission
c) National Commission for Scheduled Castes
d) All of the above

QUESTION 43.
Assume that you are the former Election Commissioner of India and have been asked to suggest
an electoral system fulfilling the following Criteria:

1. There should be no discrepancy between votes and seats for different parties

2. We have small linguistic minorities who are spread all over the Country; we should ensure fair
representation to them.

Which of the following would be a rational suggestion?

a) Proportional Representation System [PR]

b) First past the Post System [FPTP]
c) Referendum
d) None of the above

QUESTION 44.
With reference to the Delimitation Commission, consider the following statements:

1. The orders of the Delimitation Commission cannot be challenged in a Court of Law.

2. When the orders of the Delimitation Commission are laid before the Lok Sabha or State
Legislative Assembly, they cannot effect any modifications in the orders.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only

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 b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 45.
With respect to Elections in India, Who decides which Constituency is to be reserved for
Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes:

a) Election Commission
b) Parliament
c) State Election Commission
d) Delimitation Commission

QUESTION 46.
Consider the following provisions under the Directive Principles of State Policy as enshrined in the
Constitution of India:

1. Securing for citizens of India a uniform civil code

2. Organizing village Panchayats

3. Promoting cottage industries in rural areas

4. Securing for all the workers reasonable leisure and cultural opportunities

Which of the above are the Gandhian Principles that are reflected in the Directive Principles of
State Policy?

a) 1, 2 and 4 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1, 3 and 4 only
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4

QUESTION 47.
Which of the following is not the work of Election Commission:

a) To conduct the election of Lok Sabha, Legislative Assembly, President and Vice President
b) Approval of setting up of political parties
c) Advising the governor on matters related to the disqualification of members of the Legislative
Council
d) Deciding the disqualification of a Member of Parliament by using his discretion power

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 QUESTION 48.
The Preamble to the Indian Constitution declares India to be a:

1. Sovereign

2. Socialist

3. Secular

4. Democratic

5. Republic

Select the correct combination from the codes given below:

a) 1, 2, 3, and 4 only
b) 1, 2, 3, and 5 only
c) 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5
d) 1, 3, 4, and 5 only

QUESTION 49.
Due to which of the following reasons India preferred the British parliamentary system?

1. Familiarity with the system.

2. More responsibility.

3. Separation of power.

4. Heterogeneous Indian Society.

a) 1, 2, 4 Only
b) 1, 2, 3 Only
c) 2, 3, 4 Only
d) All of the above

QUESTION 50.
Which of these is not a function of the constitution?

a) It gives a set of basic rules that allow for minimal coordination amongst members of society.
b) It decides how the government will be constituted.
c) It sets no limits on what a government can impose on its citizens.
d) It enables the government to fulfill the aspirations of a society.

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 QUESTION 51.
Which of the following statements best defines democracy?

a) Rule by the monarch

b) Rule by the elected representatives
c) Rule by a single party
d) Rule by military leaders

QUESTION 52.
Consider the following statements:

1. Democracy is a form of government in which rulers are elected by the people.

2. In a democracy, rulers are not accountable to the people.

3. Free and fair elections are a key feature of democracy.

Which of the statements given above are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 1 and 3 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

QUESTION 53.
Which of the following is NOT a feature of the South African constitution?

a) It guarantees equal rights for all citizens.

b) It supports racial discrimination.
c) It was designed through extensive public consultation.
d) It includes a Bill of Rights.

QUESTION 54.
Who was the Chairman of the drafting committee of the Constituent assembly?

a) Pandit Nehru
b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
d) K.M. Munshi

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 QUESTION 55.
Consider the following statements regarding the First Past the Post system:

1. In this system the country is divided into small geographical units called constituencies or
districts.

2. In the First Past the Post system every constituency elects one representative.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 56.
Article 50 deals with:

a) Promotion of international peace and security

b) Separation of judiciary from executive
c) Organization of agriculture and animal husbandry
d) Equal justice and free legal aid

QUESTION 57.
With reference to the features of the Indian Constitution, consider the following statements:

1. It reinforces and reinvents the forms of liberal individualism.

2. It upholds the principle of social justice without compromising on individual liberties.

3. Against the background of inter-communal strife, the Constitution upholds its commitment to
the

right to the expression of cultural particularity.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 3 only
b) 2 only
c) 2 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

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 QUESTION 58.
With respect to the limitations of the constitution, consider the following statements:

1. The Indian Constitution has a centralised idea of national unity.

2. It appears to have overlooked some important issues of gender justice, particularly within the
family.

Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

QUESTION 59.
Consider the following statements about a constitution:

1. A constitution sets the fundamental principles of governance.

2. It is a document that can be easily amended by any government.

3. It limits the powers of the government and defines the rights of citizens.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 and 2 only
b) 2 and 3 only
c) 1 and 3 only
d) 1, 2 and 3

QUESTION 60.
Which of the following is NOT a function of the Parliament of India?

a) Making laws
b) Implementing laws
c) Controlling finances
d) Discussing national issues

QUESTION 61.
Consider the following statements about the Prime Minister of India:

1. The Prime Minister is the head of the government.

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 2. The Prime Minister is the chief advisor to the President.

3. The Prime Minister holds real executive power.

How many of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) All three
b) Only one
c) Only two
d) None

QUESTION 62.
Which of the following articles deals with the powers of Parliament to amend the Constitution and
its procedure?

a) Article 368
b) Article 356
c) Article 365
d) Article 350

QUESTION 63.
Which of the following statements about the Preamble of the Indian Constitution is correct?

a) It declares India to be a Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, and Democratic Republic.

b) It was added to the Constitution after a constitutional amendment.
c) It is enforceable by law.
d) It reflects the aspirations and values of the framers of the Constitution.

QUESTION 64.
Which statements are true about the significance of the Constituent Assembly Debates?

a) They provide insights into the intentions of the framers.

b) They are used by the Supreme Court for constitutional interpretation.
c) They are binding in a court of law.
d) They were concluded before the Constitution was fully drafted.

QUESTION 65.
Which of the following correctly describe the process of Delimitation?

a) It involves redrawing the boundaries of electoral constituencies.

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 b) It is done by an independent Delimitation Commission.
c) It can alter the number of seats in a state legislature.
d) It happens every five years.

QUESTION 66.
Which of the following statements is incorrect about the Public Interest Litigation (PIL)?

a) It allows any individual to file a case in the interest of the public.

b) It was introduced by Justice P.N. Bhagwati.
c) It has broadened access to justice.
d) It can only be filed in the Supreme Court.

QUESTION 67.
Identify the incorrect statements regarding Judicial Review:

a) It is the power of the judiciary to review the constitutionality of laws.

b) It is derived from the concept of separation of powers.
c) It can nullify laws passed by the legislature.
d) It is explicitly mentioned in the Constitution.

QUESTION 68.
Which of the following incorrectly describes the Directive Principles of State Policy?

a) They are non-justiciable.

b) They are aimed at creating social and economic conditions for the welfare of the people.
c) They are enshrined in Part IV of the Constitution.
d) They have precedence over Fundamental Rights in case of conflict.

QUESTION 69.
Consider the following Statements about equality:

1. Political equality includes Right to vote, equal citizenship, freedom of expression and belief.

2. Economic equality strives to even out the wealth and income differences between groups in a
society.

3. Right to equal opportunities, poverty elimiNation legislation and programmes are aimed at
economic inequality.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

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 a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) All of the above

QUESTION 70.
Which of the following belong to the State lists?

1) Local Government

2) Public Health

3) Currency and coinage

4) Post Telegraph

Select the correct answer based on the code given below

a) 1, 2 and 4
b) 1 and 2 only
c) 1, 2 and 3
d) All of the above

QUESTION 71.
Consider the following statements:

1. Natural Rights are born with individuals and inalienable. They include the right to life, liberty
and property.

2. Human Rights are granted by the UN Declaration of Human rights, in which all humans are
identified as equal and valuable.

3. Legal and Constitutional rights place certain restrictions and obligations on the Government of
a country.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 only
d) 1 and 3

QUESTION 72.
Consider the following statements:

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 1. Citizenship in India can be obtained only by birth, descent, naturalization and registration.

2. Part II of the Constitution includes provisions about Citizenship rights.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 and 2

QUESTION 73.
Among the Following, which feature of the Indian Constitution is NOT influenced from the British
system?

a) The Institution of Speaker

b) First past the post
c) Residual Powers
d) Law making procedure

QUESTION 74.
Which of the following is correct?

1. President’s rule is invoked in a state when the rule of the Government in state cannot be done
in accordance with the Constitutional provisions.

2.
The President has the power to approve dissolution of the state assembly, in the above scenario.

3. The President's rule can be extended up to 5 years.

Select the correct answer using the code given below

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) 3 only
d) All of the above

QUESTION 75.
Consider the following:

1. The Election Commission is empowered to cancel the election in an entire state or country, if
the circumstances are not conducive.

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 2. The EC can also transfer, appoint people in the administrative machinery or take actions against
officials during the conduct of elections.

Which of the Statements given above is/are INCORRECT?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 and 2

QUESTION 76.
Which of the following statements are true about political theory?

1. It discusses ideas that form the basis of political institutions.

2. It predicts the performance of political parties.

3. It explains the meanings of concepts like equality and freedom.

4. It explains the relationship between different religions.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1 and 3
d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 77.
Identify the correct statements regarding the concept of equality.

1. Equality involves the elimination of all forms of discrimination.

2. Political equality means equal access to political institutions.

3. Economic equality requires the redistribution of resources.

4. Social equality is only about caste discrimination.

a) 1, 2, and 3
b) 2, 3, and 4
c) 1, 3, and 4
d) 1, 2, and 4

QUESTION 78.
Regarding the separation of powers, which statements are accurate?

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 1. It ensures that no single branch of government becomes too powerful.

2. The concept was given by Montesquieu.

3. It is implemented in parliamentary systems.

4. It involves the separation of powers between federal and state governments.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 79.
Which of the following are features of a liberal democracy?

1. Regular free and fair elections.

2. Protection of individual rights.

3. Centralization of power.

4. Rule of law.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 1 and 4

QUESTION 80.
Regarding civil society organizations, which statements are true?

1. They operate independently of the government.

2. They play a role in advocating for policy changes.

3. They are state institutions.

4. They include NGOs and community groups.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 3
d) 3 and 4

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 QUESTION 81.
What are the core principles of socialism?

1. Collective ownership of the means of production.

2. Emphasis on individual entrepreneurial freedom.

3. Redistribution of wealth to reduce inequality.

4. Limited government intervention in the economy.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1 and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 82.
Concerning the concept of freedom, which statements are correct?

1. Negative freedom means freedom without restraints.

2. Positive freedom involves the presence of enabling conditions.

3. Freedom is absolute and unrestricted.

4. Legal constraints on freedom can be justified.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 4
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 83.
Regarding human rights, which of the following statements are accurate?

1. Human rights are universal and inalienable.

2. They include only civil and political rights.

3. Economic and social rights are also considered human rights.

4. Human rights can be suspended during emergencies.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 1, 3, and 4

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 d) 2, 3, and 4

QUESTION 84.
Which of the following thinkers are associated with the idea of social contract?

1. John Locke

2. Karl Marx

3. Thomas Hobbes

4. Jean-Jacques Rousseau

a) 1 and 3
b) 2 and 4
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 85.
In the context of nationalism, which statements are correct?

1. Nationalism fosters a sense of identity and belonging.

2. It always leads to conflicts and wars.

3. Civic nationalism is inclusive and based on shared values.

4. Ethnic nationalism is based on shared heritage and culture.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 1, 3, and 4
d) 2, 3, and 4

QUESTION 86.
Which of the following statements describe the role of the state in a democracy?

1. The state protects the rights of citizens.

2. The state should have unchecked power.

3. The state provides public services.

4. The state ensures law and order.

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 a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 3, and 4
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 2, and 4

QUESTION 87.
Which statements are true about political ideologies?

1. They offer a framework for understanding political events.

2. They are static and unchanging.

3. They include liberalism, conservatism, and socialism.

4. They do not influence political behavior.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 88.
Concerning the concept of justice, which statements are accurate?

1. Distributive justice deals with the fair distribution of resources.

2. Procedural justice involves fair processes.

3. Retributive justice focuses on punishment.

4. Justice is only about legal equality.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1, 2, and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 89.
Which of the following are essential characteristics of democracy?

1. Majority rule with respect for minority rights.

2. Frequent and fair elections.

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 3. Concentration of power in a single authority.

4. Rule of law.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 3
d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 90.
Regarding secularism, which statements are true?

1. Secularism advocates for the separation of religion from state affairs.

2. It means the state is anti-religion.

3. Secularism promotes religious tolerance.

4. It requires the elimination of all religious practices.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1 and 3
c) 1, 3, and 4
d) 2 and 4

QUESTION 91.
Which statements accurately describe the rule of law?

1. Everyone is subject to the law.

2. The rule of law means laws can be arbitrary.

3. Laws must be publicly known and applied equally.

4. It ensures the accountability of the government.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 3, and 4
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 2, and 4

QUESTION 92.
Which of the following statements about citizenship are correct?

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 1. Citizenship involves rights and responsibilities.

2. It is only about legal status.

3. Civic participation is a key aspect of citizenship.

4. Citizenship is not influenced by globalization.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 93.
Which statements are true about the social contract theory?

1. It is an agreement among individuals to form a government.

2. It justifies the authority of the state.

3. It denies the existence of natural rights.

4. It was developed during the Enlightenment period.

a) 1 and 2
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 3
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 94.
Regarding political participation, which statements are accurate?

1. Voting is the only form of political participation.

2. Political participation includes protests and civil disobedience.

3. High levels of political participation indicate a healthy democracy.

4. Political participation is limited to election periods.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 1, 2, and 4
d) 2, 3, and 4

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 QUESTION 95.
Identify the correct statements about the nature of power.

1. Power is the ability to influence the behavior of others.

2. Power can only be exercised by the state.

3. Power relations exist in all social interactions.

4. Power is always coercive.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 96.
Regarding the concept of rights, which statements are true?

1. Rights are entitlements that individuals have by virtue of being human.

2. Rights can be absolute and unrestricted.

3. The state has a duty to protect individual rights.

4. Rights can be limited for the common good.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 1, 3, and 4
d) 2 and 4

QUESTION 97.
Which of the following statements are correct about civil liberties?

1. Civil liberties are protections against government actions.

2. Freedom of speech is a civil liberty.

3. Civil liberties do not include economic rights.

4. Civil liberties can never be restricted.

a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 4
c) 1, 2, and 3

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 d) 3 and 4

QUESTION 98.
Concerning the concept of justice, which statements are accurate?

1. Justice involves fairness in the distribution of resources.

2. Justice is only concerned with legal processes.

3. Social justice seeks to address inequalities in society.

4. Justice is a subjective concept and cannot be universally defined.

Select the correct answer

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 99.
Which statements are true about political socialization?

1. Political socialization is the process by which individuals learn political beliefs and values.

2. Family is the only agent of political socialization.

3. Education plays a significant role in political socialization.

4. Media does not influence political socialization.

a) 1 and 3
b) 1, 2, and 4
c) 2 and 4
d) 1, 3, and 4

QUESTION 100.
Regarding democratic governance, which statements are accurate?

1. Democratic governance ensures the accountability of leaders.

2. It is characterized by the centralization of power.

3. Public participation is a key element of democratic governance.

4. Democratic governance does not allow for dissent.

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 a) 1 and 3
b) 2 and 4
c) 1, 2, and 3
d) 1, 3, and 4

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 Review in

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