Slide 1: Introduction

 Title: Understanding Basic Networking

 Subtitle: Building Connections in the Digital World
 Brief Overview: Networking is the foundation of communication in the digital age,
enabling devices to connect and share information.

Slide 2: What is Networking?

 Definition: Networking is the practice of connecting computers and other devices

to share resources and information.
 Key Components: Devices, protocols, and infrastructure.

Slide 3: Types of Networks

 Local Area Network (LAN): Limited to a small geographic area, like a home or
office.
 Wide Area Network (WAN): Spans larger distances, often connecting LANs across
cities or countries.

Slide 4: Network Devices

 Router: Connects different networks and directs data between them.

 Switch: Connects devices within the same network, facilitating data exchange.
 Hub: Basic networking device that connects multiple devices but lacks
intelligence.
 Modem: Converts digital data from a computer to analog signals for transmission
over phone lines.

Slide 5: IP Addresses

 Definition: Unique numerical labels assigned to each device on a network.

 IPv4 vs. IPv6: IPv4 uses 32-bit addresses, while IPv6 uses 128-bit addresses to
accommodate the growing number of devices.

Slide 6: Protocols

 Definition: Rules and conventions governing data communication.

  Common Protocols: TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol),
HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol), and more.

Slide 7: The Internet

 Connection of Networks: The Internet is a global network of interconnected

networks.
 Internet Service Provider (ISP): Provides access to the Internet through various
technologies.

Slide 8: Wireless Networking

 Wi-Fi: Enables wireless connectivity within a specific range.

 Benefits: Mobility, flexibility, and ease of use.

Slide 9: Security

 Importance: Protecting data and preventing unauthorized access.

 Measures: Firewalls, encryption, secure protocols.

Slide 10: Troubleshooting

 Common Issues: Connectivity problems, slow network speed.

 Solutions: Check connections, reset devices, diagnose using network tools.

Slide 11: Conclusion

 Recap: Networking is crucial for digital communication.

 Continuous Evolution: Advances in technology lead to new networking
possibilities.
Common problem of the network

Network connectivity issues can stem from various sources. some common causes:

1. Hardware Issues:
 Faulty Cables: Damaged or improperly connected cables can disrupt the
flow of data.
 Router/Switch Issues: Malfunctioning network devices may cause
connectivity problems.
 Network Interface Card (NIC) Problems: Defective NICs in computers can
hinder communication.
2. Configuration Errors:
 Incorrect IP Settings: Mismatched IP addresses, subnet masks, or gateways
can lead to connectivity issues.
 DNS Configuration: Incorrect DNS settings may result in the inability to
resolve domain names.
3. Software Issues:
 Firewall Settings: Overly restrictive firewall settings can block network
traffic.
 Antivirus Software: Some antivirus programs may interfere with network
connections.
4. Interference and Signal Strength:
 Wireless Interference: In Wi-Fi networks, interference from other electronic
devices or neighboring networks can degrade signal quality.
 Weak Signal: Devices too far from the router may experience connectivity
issues due to a weak signal.
5. Network Traffic and Bandwidth:
 Network Congestion: High traffic on the network can slow down or disrupt
connections.
 Insufficient Bandwidth: Inadequate bandwidth for the number of
connected devices may lead to poor performance.
6. ISP Issues:
 Service Outages: Unplanned outages or maintenance by the Internet
Service Provider can disrupt connectivity.
 Bandwidth Limitations: Some ISPs impose data limits or throttle
bandwidth.
7. Security Measures:
 Security Protocols: Misconfigurations or issues with security protocols
(WPA, WEP) in Wi-Fi networks.
  MAC Address Filtering: Incorrectly configured MAC address filters may
block legitimate devices.
8. Device or Driver Problems:
 Outdated Drivers: Using outdated network drivers can lead to
compatibility issues.
 Malfunctioning Devices: Defective network cards or other hardware issues
in devices.
9. Physical Obstacles:
 Physical Barriers: Walls, furniture, or other obstacles can impede wireless
signals.
 Environmental Factors: Interference from electronic devices or
environmental conditions.
10. External Attacks:
 Malicious Activity: Network attacks, such as denial-of-service (DoS) attacks,
can disrupt connectivity.
 Unauthorized Access: Intruders gaining access to the network can cause
disruptions.