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Figure 1: y = cos x and y = x

Problem 1.
x cos x = 1 (x ∈ R)

sol. Let
f (x) = x cos(x) − 1
π
The zeros of f tends to be closer to nπ + 2 as x(or n) increases. If we expand f as an infinite series
around an = nπ + π2 ,
∞ πk

πk


X
n k cos 2 − an sin 2 k
f (x) = −1 + (−1) (x − an )
k!
k=0

Using power series reversion

     
1 2 83 1 n+1 1 1 83 5 1
x = an − 3 + 5 + 7
+ O 9
+(−1) + 3
+ 5
+ 7
+ O (n ∈ Z)
an 3an 15an an an 6an 40an 2an a9n

n estimate solution
-4 -10.90373354 -10.90373353
-3 -7.979630987 -7.979631071
-2 -4.487698238 -4.487669604
-1 -2.011120445 -2.073932809
+1 +4.917179487 +4.917185925
+2 +7.724153466 +7.724153192
+3 +11.08590172 +11.08590173
+4 +14.06601357 +14.06601357

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Figure 2: Series reversion (Wolfram MathWorld)