Economizer – cooling regime

How to control the fresh air volume flow rate?

If TOA < Tset-point → Supply more fresh air than the minimum required

The question is how much? % fresh air

Open the damper for the fresh air

100%
and compare the Troom with the Tset-point .
Open till you get the Troom = Tset-point
Minimum for
If you have 100% fresh air and your ventilation
still need cooling use cooling coil.

What are the priorities:

- Control the dampers and then the cooling coils or
- Control the valves of cooling coil and then the dampers ?

Defend by SEQUENCE OF OERATION

the set of operation which HVAC designer provides to the automatic control engineer
Economizer – cooling regime

Example of SEQUENCE OF OERATIONS:

If TOA < Tset-point open the fresh air damper the maximum position

Then, if Tindoor air < Tset-point start closing the cooling coil valve

If cooling coil valve is closed and T indoor air < Tset-point start closing the damper
till you get T indoor air = T set-point

Other variations are possible

HVAC Control
Example 2:
Dew point control (Relative Humidity control)

fresh
damper filter cooling heating filter
air coil coil
fan

mixing

T & RH sensors

Heat gains
Humidity generation

We should supply air with lower humidity ratio (w) and lower temperature

We either measure Dew Point directly or T & RH sensors substitute dew point sensor
Relative humidity control by cooling coil

Cooling Coil

Mixture

Room
Supply

TDP Heating coil

Relative humidity control by cooling coil (CC)
 Cooling coil is controlled by TDP set-point

if TDP measured > TDP set-point → send the signal to open more the CC valve
if TDP measured < TDP set-point → send the signal to close more the CC valve
• Heating coil is controlled by Tair set-point
if Tair < Tair set-point → send the signal to open more the heating coil valve
if Tair > Tair set-point → send the signal to close more the heating coil valve
Control valves
Fresh air

mixing

cooling heating
coil coil

Tair & TDP sensors