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香港國際數學競賽總決賽 2021
HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL
MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD
FINAL ROUND 2021

中學二年級 Secondary 2
時限：120 分鐘
Time allowed: 120 minutes

試題
Question Paper
考生須知：
Instructions to Contestants:

1. 本卷包括 試題 乙份，試題紙不可取走。
Each contestant should have ONE Question-Answer Book which CANNOT be taken away.

2. 本卷共 5 個範疇，每範疇有 6 題，共 30 題，每題 5 分，總分 150 分，答錯不扣分。

There are 5 exam areas and 6 questions in each exam area. There are a total of 30 questions in this
Question-Answer Book. Each carries 5 marks. Total score is 150 marks. No points are deducted for
incorrect answers.

3. 請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on ANSWER SHEET.

4. 比賽期間，不得使用計算工具。
NO calculators can be used during the contest.

5. 本卷中所有圖形不一定依比例繪成。
All figures in the paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

6. 比賽完畢時，本試題會被收回。
This Question-Answer Book will be collected at the end of the contest.
請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

本試題不可取走。
THIS Question-Answer Book CANNOT BE TAKEN AWAY.
未得監考官同意，切勿翻閱試題，否則參賽者將有可能被取消資格。
DO NOT turn over this Question-Answer Book without approval of the examiner.
Otherwise, contestant may be DISQUALIFIED.

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

填空題（第 1 至 30 題）（每題 5 分，答錯及空題不扣分）

Open-Ended Questions (1st ~30th) (5 points for correct answer, no penalty point for wrong answer)

Logical Thinking
邏輯思維

1. There are 15 problems in a competition. The scores of each problem are allocated in the following ways:
2 marks will be given for a correct answer, 1 mark will be deducted from a wrong answer and 0 marks
will be given for a blank answer. Find the minimum number of candidate(s) to ensure that 2 candidates
will have the same scores in the competition.
某比賽共有 15 條題目。以下述方式為每個題目評分：答對得 2 分、答錯倒扣 1 分、不作答得零分。
求最小參賽者的數目才可保證比賽中有 2 人同分。

解：46
15  1  29  1
 46

2. There are 15 red, 20 white and 35 blue balls in a bag. Andy randomly picks balls from the bag. At least
how many ball(s) need to pick to ensure there are 10 balls of each color?
袋中有紅色、白色、藍色的球分別有 15、20、35 個。安迪從袋中隨機抽球，最少要抽多少個球才
能確保每種顏色的球各有 10 個？

解：65
35  20  10  65

3. It is known that A : B  1: 2, B : C  3: 4, C : D  5 : 6, A  B  C  D  1064 . Find the value of A .

已知 A : B  1: 2, B : C  3: 4, C : D  5 : 6, A  B  C  D  1064 ，求 A 的值。

解：120
A : B : C : D  15 : 30 : 40 : 48
1064
A  15  120
15  30  40  48

4. Andy decides to walk straightly toward Amy’s home. He first walks in 80 m/min for 2 hours and then
walks in 40m/min for 1 hour. What is the average speed in m/s?
安迪打算以一直線走到艾美的家。安迪以每分鐘 80 米的速度走了 2 個小時，之後以每分鐘 40 米
的速度走了 1 小時，問他的平均速度是每分鐘多少米？

2
解： 66
3

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

80  2  60  40 1 60
60  2  60
2
 66
3

5. Find the number of positive integers that smaller than 100, and the sum of digits of the number is the
multiple of 9.
求小於100的正整數的數量，且其位值之和為9的倍數。

解：11
100 
 9   11

6. When do the hour hand and the minute hand overlap between 9 p.m. and 10 p.m.?
在下午9時至10時之間，時針和分針何時重疊？

1
解： 9 : 49 p.m.
11
1 1
270  x x
120 10
120  270 540 1
x s m  49
11 11 11

Algebra
代數

7. Find the minimum value of x 2  8 x  16 .

求 x 2  8 x  16 的最小值。

解： 32
x 2  8 x  16  32
  x  4   32
2

 32

8. It is known that ax3  bx 2  cx  d divided by x 2  4 x  2 have  2 x  1 and remainder  x  4  . Find

the value of a  b  c  d .
已知 ax3  bx 2  cx  d 除以 x 2  4 x  2 得  2 x  1 餘  x  4  ，求 a  b  c  d 的值。

解：18
請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

ax 3  bx 2  cx  d   x 2  4 x  2   2 x  1   x  4 
 2 x3  9 x 2  8 x  2  x  4
 2 x3  9 x  9 x  2
2

a  b  c  d
 2992
 18

9. Find the value of a  b if a  b  8, a 2  b 2  34 and a, b are integers and a  b .

若 a  b  8, a 2  b 2  34 且 a、b 皆為整數，且 a  b ，求 a  b 的值。

解：2
 a  b  82
2

a 2  b 2  2ab  64
30  2ab
 a  b   a 2  2ab  b2  4
2

a b  2

10. How many positive integral solution(s) is / are there for x if 5x  18  8x  6 ?

若 5x  18  8x  6 ，則 x 有多少個正整數解？

解：7
24  3x
x8
 x  1, 2,3,..., 7
7

1 1 1 1
11. Find the value of real number r such that     780 .
r r2 r3 r4
1 1 1 1
求實數 r 使得  2  3  4  780 。
r r r r

1
解：
5

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

1
a
r
 a  a 2  a 3  a 4  780
 a 1  a  a 2  a 3   780
 a 1  a  1  a 2   780
780  5  6  26
a  5
1
r
5

5 x  6 y  7
12. Find the value of x  y if  .
6 x  5 y  16
5 x  6 y  7
若 ，求 x  y 的值。
6 x  5 y  16

解： 3
30 x  36 y  42

30 x  25 y  80
61 y  122
y2
x  1
 x  y  1  2   3

Number Theory
數論

13. Find the number of positive simplified proper fraction with denominator 2025.
求分母為 2025 的正最簡真分數的數量。

解：1080

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

2025  34  52
 1  1 
2025 1  1  
 3  5 
 1080

14. It is known that x is integer and x5  6436343 . Find the value of x.

已知 x 是整數且 x5  6436343 ，求 x 的值。

解：23
255  9765625  6436343  3200000
x5  6456343  3  mod 10 
 x  23

15. Suppose x, y, z are positive integers such that xyz  xy  xz  yz  x  y  z  1000 , find the value of
x yz.
若 x, y, z 為正整數使得 xyz  xy  xz  yz  x  y  z  1000 ，求 x  y  z 的值。

解：28
xyz  xy  xz  yz  x  y  z  ( x  1)( y  1)( z  1)  1  1000
 ( x  1)( y  1)( z  1)  1001  7 1113
 ( x, y, z )  (6,10,12)
 6  10  12  28
16. The sum of the positive integers m and n is 48, and their L.C.M. is x . Find the greatest possible
value of x .
若正整數 m 和 n 之和為 48，且它們的最小公倍數為 x 。求 x 的最大值。

解：575
48
 24
2
 23  25  48
 23  25  575

17. A positive integer has remainders 6 divided by 9, 7 divided by 10 and 8 divided by 11. Find the minimum
value of the integer.
一個正整數除以 9 時的餘數為 6，除以 10 時的餘數為 7，除以 11 時的餘數為 8，求該整數的最小
值。

解：987
x  9 10 11  3  987

18. If A  1  8  27  64   8000 , find the value of the last digit of A.

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

若 A  1  8  27  64   8000 ，求 A 的最後一個數位的值。

解：0
13  23  33   203
 1  8  7  4  5  6  3  2  9  0   2  mod 10 
 0  mod 10 

Geometry
幾何

19. Find the exact value of sin 75 . (Answer in simplest surd form)
求 sin 75 的準確值。(答案以最簡根式表示)
A

B D C

Question 19
第 19 題

6 2
解：
4
請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

設 D 為 CB 上的一點使 CAD  15 。

Let D be a point on CB such that CAD  15 .
 BD  tan 60  3

AB  1   1
 AD  2
 cos 60
 CD  AD  2

 
2
 AC  AB 2  BC 2  1  2  3  8 4 3  6  2

2 3 6 2
 sin 75  
6 2 4

20. In ABC , AB  30, AC  20, BC  25 , find the height from A to BC. (Answer in the simplest surd
form)
在 ABC ， AB  30, AC  20, BC  25 ，求 A 到 BC 的高的長度。(答案以最簡根式表示)

15
解： 7
2
設 D 為 BC 上的一點使 AD  BC 。
Let D be a point on BC such that AD  BC .

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

BD  x  CD  25  x
AD 2  302  x 2  202   25  x 
2

 x 2   25  x   302  202
2

 25  2 x  25   500
45
x
2
602  452 105 15 15
2
 45 
 AD  302       7
 2  4 4 2

21. The perimeter of a diamond is 36. Find the maximum value of its area.
某菱形的周界為 36，求這菱形面積的最大值。

解：81
2
 36 
   81
 4 

22. In cartesian coordinate A   2,5 , B   x, y  , C   6, 7  . If C is on the line segment AB and

BC  2 AC , find the value of x  y .
在直角坐標上 A   2,5 , B   x, y  , C   6, 7  ，若 C 在 AB 線段上且 BC  2 AC ，求 x  y 的值。

解： 53
 x  4 y  10 
 ,    6, 7 
 2 1 2 1 
 x  4, y  10    18, 21
 x, y    22, 31
 x  y  22  31  53

23. If x, 10 and 15 are the sides of the triangle. Find the number of possible integral values of x.
若 x, 10 和 15 為三角形的邊長，求 x 為整數可能值的數量。

解：19

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

 x  10  15

 x  15  10  25  x  5
10  15  x

 x  6, 7,..., 24

24. If the area of a regular hexagon with side length 2 is a b , where a and b are integers. a b is in
simplest surd form. Find the value of a  b .
若一個邊長為 2 的正六邊形的面積是 a b 。 a b 為最簡根式，且 a 和 b 皆為整數，求 a  b 的值。

解：3
2  22  12 12 3
6  6 3
2 2
6  3  3

Combinatorics
組合數學

25. A fair 6-faced die is thrown 2 times. Find the probability that the product of numbers obtained is even
number.
擲一枚均質六面骰子兩次。求擲得點數之積為偶(雙)數的概率。

3
解：
4
1 1
1 
2 2
3

4

26. Find the number of integer x such that x 2  12 x  325 .

求所有整數 x 的數量使 x 2  12 x  325 。

解：33
x 2  12 x  325
x 2  12 x  36  361
 x  6  192
2

19  x  6  19
13  x  25
12  1  24  37
27. Find the number of way(s) to assign 10 people into five groups evenly.

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.
請將答案寫在 答題紙 上。
All answers should be written on the ANSWER SHEET.

求將 10 人平均分成五組的方法的數量。

解：945
C210C28C26C24C22 10!
  9  7  5  3  945
5! 5!(2)5

28. Find the number of 3-digit positive integers that the product of its digits is 24.
求位值之積為 24 的三位正整數的數量。

解：21
24  23  3
 a, b, c   1,3,8  , 1, 4, 6  ,  2, 2, 6  ,  2,3, 4 
 1  1
 3!  3    6   3    21
 2!   2

29. Suppose 2 cards are drawn from an ordinary poker deck of 52 playing cards without replacement. Find
the probability that getting one King and one Queen.
從一副 52 張的普通撲克牌中不重覆地抽出 2 張牌。求抽出一張 King 和一張 Queen 的機率。

8
解：
663
4 4 8
52

C2 663

1 1 1
30. Find the number of sets of positive integral solutions of   .
x y 2025
1 1 1
求   的正整數解的數量。
x y 2025

解：45
1 1 1
 
x y 2025
 2025  x  y   xy
  x  2025  y  2025   20252  38  54
 9  5  45

~ 全卷完 ~
~ End of Paper ~

請以最簡形式填寫答案，若計算結果是分數，請確保為真分數或帶分數，或將計算結果寫成小數。錯誤單位將不給予任何分數。
Write down the answer in the simplest form. If the calculation result is a fraction, please write down the answer as a proper or mixed fraction,
decimal figure is also accepted. Marks will NOT be given for incorrect unit.