Introduction to AI and ML

in Mechanical Engineering
By Pankaj Nandgave
 Syllabus
• Introduction to AI and ML, Overview of AI and ML concepts and their relevance to mechanical
engineering,
• Use cases and applications of AI and ML in mechanical engineering,
• Challenges and considerations for AI integration in mechanical engineering,
• Key challenges and opportunities in integrating AI in mechanical engineering processes
Areas of AI and Some Dependencies
Knowledge
Search Logic Representation

Machine
Planning
Learning

Expert
NLP Vision Robotics Systems
 What is Artificial Intelligence ?
• the study of computations that make it possible to perceive, reason and
act ?
• a field of study that seeks to explain and emulate intelligent behaviour in
terms of computational processes ?
• a branch of computer science that is concerned with the automation of
intelligent behaviour ?
• anything in Computing Science that we don't yet know how to do
properly ? (!)
 What is Artificial Intelligence ?

THOUGHT Systems that Systems that

think think
like humans rationally

Systems that act Systems that act

BEHAVIOUR like humans rationally

HUMAN RATIONAL
 Systems that act like humans:

• “The art of creating machines that perform functions that

require intelligence when performed by people.” (Kurzweil)
• “The study of how to make computers do things at which, at
the moment, people are better.” (Rich and Knight)
 Systems that act like humans: Turing Test

?
• You enter a room which has a computer terminal. You have a fixed
period of time to type what you want into the terminal and study the
replies. At the other end of the line is either a human being or a
computer system.
• If it is a computer system, and at the end of the period you cannot
reliably determine whether it is a system or a human, then the system is
deemed to be intelligent.
 Introduction of AI
and ML
•AI/ML: artificial intelligence (AI) and machine
learning (ML)—represents an important evolution
in computer science and data processing that is
quickly transforming a vast array of industries.
•Artificial intelligence (AI) generally refers to
processes and algorithms that are able to simulate
human intelligence, such as perception, learning
and problem solving.
•Machine learning (ML) is a subset of AI that
falls within the “limited memory” category in
which the AI (machine) is able to learn and
develop over time.
Artificial Intelligent Machine Learning and Deep
learning
Advantages of A.I.M.L
Workflow for A.I.M.L
Working Flow of Machine Learning
Learning
Data Collection
Gathering relevant data for training and analysis.

Model Training
Training the machine learning model using the collected data.

Evaluation and Testing

Assessing the model's performance and testing its accuracy.
Working Flow of Machine Learning
Use cases and applications of AI and ML in mechanical
engineering
Opportunities in integrating AI in mechanical
engineering processes
1 Design Optimization 2 Mechanical Systems
Automation
AI algorithms can analyze vast amounts
of data to optimize designs, resulting in The design and optimization of
improved efficiency and performance. optimization of mechanical
mechanical systems and parts
parts may be automated using
using AI.
3 Performance Simulation
The performance of mechanical systems may also be simulated and analyzed using
analyzed using AI to forecast behavior and suggest changes.
Challenges and considerations for AI integration in
mechanical engineering
1 Mechanical Engineering Complexity
Machine learning and AI algorithms may struggle to model complex mechanical processes
processes accurately.

2 Data Quality
AI systems' performance depends on the quality of the data they have been trained on.
trained on.

3 Explainability
Lack of AI explainability can pose challenges in integrating AI in mechanical engineering.
engineering.

4 Ethical Challenges