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Full download On the Other Shore. The Atlantic Worlds of Italians in South America during the Great War John Starosta Galante file pdf all chapter on 2024
Full download On the Other Shore. The Atlantic Worlds of Italians in South America during the Great War John Starosta Galante file pdf all chapter on 2024
The Atlantic
Worlds of Italians in South America
during the Great War John Starosta
Galante
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On the Other Shore
On the Other Shore
The Atlantic Worlds of
Italians in South America
during the Great War
List of Illustrations ix
Acknowledgments xiii
Introduction 1
1. Mobilizing Diaspora 27
2. The Great War in Il Plata 59
3. Mobilization in São Paulo and Mobility
in the Italian Atlantic 87
4. War’s Antagonists in Atlantic
South America 123
5. The Making of an Italo-Atlantic 149
Conclusion 189
Notes 197
Bibliography 235
Index 253
Illustrations
ix
15. Advertisement for Italian war bonds 82
16. The Lucchesi family 97
17. Angelo Abrami 98
18 & 19. Postcard to Luigi Orlando in São Paulo
from his brother at the front in Italy 99
20. Advertisement for Italian war bonds
program in São Paulo 103
21. List of contributors to the Italian war bonds
program in São Paulo 104
22. Cartoon of anti-German boycotts in São Paulo 108
23. Comparing Italian war bonds purchases
in Argentina and Brazil 119
24. Opposition to the war in Buenos Aires 128
25. Opposition to the pro-war mobilization
in São Paulo 136
26. São Paulo socialists advertise their “fight
against the patriotic travesty” 137
27. Cartoon showing “Italy” trying to wake
up “The Colony” to support the war 139
28. Cartoon of local Italian “philanthropists”
taking advantage of “The Colony” 140
29. Anarchists in São Paulo seek to
unite “workers from all countries” 152
30. Cover page of La Civiltà Latina 153
31. Support for Italian expansion in the Adriatic 158
32. Dinner for returned recruits in Buenos Aires 160
33. Italian victory celebration in Montevideo 161
34. Italian aviators with war veterans
in Buenos Aires 164
35. Locatelli’s arrival after crossing the Andes 165
36. Plaque sent to Queen Elena of Italy by
the women of Progenie di Italia 169
x | Illustrations
37. Cartoon of Brazilian and Italian
postwar relations 179
38. Cover of Italo–South American periodical
La Nueva Italia 183
39. Veterans Hall in Buenos Aires 191
40. Former Matarazzo Italian Hospital
in São Paulo 192
Tables
1. Italians living abroad 29
2. Percentage of Italians living overseas 30
Illustrations | xi
Acknowledgments
Like the book’s geographic scope, the research for this project was trans-
atlantic in its reach. I received assistance from too many institutions,
archivists, librarians, scholars, Airbnb hosts, and others around Italy
to list them all. Nevertheless, among those with particular influence
on this project were Nicola Fontana at the Museo Storico Italiano della
Guerra in Rovereto, Fabio Caffarena at the Archivo Ligure della Scrittura
Popolare in Genoa, and Marinella Mazzanti and Pietro Luigi Biagioni at
the Fondazione Paolo Cresci in Lucca. I also received important guid-
ance from many archive and library attendants in Rome at the Archivio
Centrale dello Stato, Archivio Storico Stato Maggiore dell’Esercito, Bib-
lioteca Nazionale Centrale, Ministero degli Affari Esteri, Società Dante
Alighieri, and Società Geografica Italiana. It was, however, in the library
and newspaper archive at the Biblioteca di Storia Moderna e Contem-
poranea where I spent the most time and required the most assistance
and to which I am most grateful. At the very start of this project, gen-
erous conversations with Mark Choate, Donna Gabaccia, Maddalena
Tirabassi, and Fulvia Zega helped me to plot a course through these
institutions and their resources.
That generosity extended to South America. In Brazil, Michael Hall
provided both an overview of relevant resources and scholars and a
critical car ride and introduction to the Arquivo Edgard Leuenroth in
Campinas. Luigi Biondi was equally helpful, including in his suggested
use of the Centro de Documentação e Memória da unesp. Fanny Lopes
provided important assistance when some sources in Brazil seemed out
of my reach. In Buenos Aires, this project benefited in particular from
xiii
the attention of Alicia Bernasconi at the Centro de Estudios Migratorios
Latinoamericanos, Mariana Jordá at the Istituto Italiano di Cultura di
Buenos Aires, and Maria Elisa Paiella at Asociación Italiana Unione y
Benevolenza. The holdings at the Biblioteca Nacional Mariano Moreno
and its newspaper archive were indispensable to my research. Among
interactions with scholars in Buenos Aires, those with Federica Bertagna,
Fernando Devoto, Roy Hora, and Emiliano Sánchez were particularly
productive and encouraging. For more than a decade I have benefited in
innumerable ways from the mentorship and friendship of Lila Caimari.
Travel, research, and interactions like these would not have been
possible without resources and other forms of academic support. Most
of those came from the University of Pittsburgh, its Department of
History, World History Center, Center for Latin American Studies, and
European Studies Center. At Pitt, Pinar Emiralioglu, Lina Insana, and
Patrick Manning offered training and guidance, while Tasha Kimball,
Kavin Paulraj, Kelly Urban, and many others provided much-needed
companionship. I owe a great deal to Diego Holstein for his analytical
prowess and camaraderie and to Lara Putnam for her personal, profes-
sional, and intellectual wisdom. Most of all, I feel fortunate for having
the opportunity to learn how to be a mindful, gracious, affable, and
committed historian from Reid Andrews.
At Worcester Polytechnic Institute, this project and other endeavors
have moved forward as a result of guidance from Kris Boudreau, Peter
Hansen, Jean King, and Kate Moncrief; collegiality and mentorship from
Joe Cullon and Jennifer Rudolph; stimulating collaborations with Aarti
Madan, Ángel Rivera, William San Martín, and Laureen Elgert; and
interactions with many other colleagues with whom it is a pleasure to
work. Funding from wpi’s Humanities & Arts Department supported
attendance at a number of scholarly meetings where I presented por-
tions of the content that appears in the book. The assistance of editors
affiliated with the Journal of Migration History, Storia e Regione, and
Melbourne University Press also helped advance the development of
the analysis herein. Bridget Barry and the editorial team at the Univer-
sity of Nebraska Press have been exceptional collaborators in the pro-
duction of this book.
xiv | Acknowledgments
Only a dense and unwavering network of friends and family can help
a one-time itinerant wanderer retain strong roots in community and
place. Your support was felt always and everywhere. I owe a great deal of
thanks to friends and “family” from New York, whose sidewalks, movie
houses, bars, and bookstores were my classrooms for many years. Yet
whenever I have returned to Massachusetts, immediate and extended
family and all of my “boys” from back home were there, especially and
for always J.P. My parents, Robert and Marianne Galante, are extraor-
dinary people who live simply and are the best examples to follow that
anyone could ask for. My brother’s intelligence is deeper than I may
ever know. Yet the first historian in my life was Lena Teresa DeAngelis
Galante, my grandmother, who would regale us at Wednesday dinners
with stories from her youth in an Italian immigrant family and enclave.
This book is dedicated to Julie for her strength and sensitivity, Mat-
teo for his lessons in perseverance, Gabriel for his joyfulness—and to
our daughter and sister.
Acknowledgments | xv
On the Other Shore
Introduction
On November 20, 1916, Fausto Filzi wrote a letter in Milan to his friend
“Momi” in Buenos Aires.1 Fausto began the letter, written on stationary
from Caffé della Borsa in Verona, excusing the delay in his writing, for
which he blamed problems during his trip from Argentina, issues upon
arrival in Italy, and “military life.” Regarding his transatlantic passage,
Fausto noted difficult conditions in third class that obliged him to pay
for a private cabin, which also enabled him to participate in a “very lively
party” as the ship passed the equator and lifesaving lessons in case of
German submarine attack. On board, he had met a “slender little doll,
blond, very blond . . . divine, she spoke Italian with a pronounced Argen-
tine accent and Argentine with a pronounced Italian accent.” She said
she was a lady-in-waiting, but Fausto guessed she was probably a nanny.
He was not ready to settle down in any case, he wrote.2
Fausto Filzi was born in June 1891 in Capodistria (today the Slo-
venian port of Koper) and raised in Rovereto, a town on the Adige
River near Trent and, until the end of World War I, part of the Austro-
Hungarian Empire’s County of Tyrol. His troubles in Genoa, where he
arrived on September 26, 1916, related to his enlistment in the Italian
army, although he was born and raised in dominions of its principal
opponent during the war. Still, by October 24 he was enrolled in the
Ninth Royal Artillery and enduring basic training in Verona “to make
ourselves into brave defenders of our and your lands . . . to offer our
blood for the defense of la patria (or homeland),” he told Momi.3 Hints
of sarcasm in these comments, reference to friends in Buenos Aires
who “stayed in the woods” instead of fighting, and his choice of a nom
1
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Relling. Credo che stia bene. Ho dovuto stare finora da Molvik che
più ubbriaco del solito, non voleva addormentarsi, temevo che non si
avesse a buttare....
Gina. Ma Erminio cosa dice?
Relling. Non dice nulla.
Edvige. Non ha mai parlato?
Relling. Da ieri non ha aperto bocca.
Greg. Lo capisco, è naturale.
Relling. Ora si è buttato sul divano per dormire un poco.
Edvige. Come può dormire lui? Io ho pianto tutta la notte.
Gina. Lui non sta mai fuori di notte.
Edvige. Forse, mamma, è un bene per lui dormire, non lo credi?
Gina. Speriamolo, per ora non lo voglio disturbare. (stende la mano
a Relling) Grazie, Relling, grazie. — Vieni, Edvige, andiamo a
mettere in ordine la casa.
(Edvige e Gina entrano da una porta di sinistra).
SCENA III.
Relling e Gregorio.
SCENA IV.
Edvige e detti.
SCENA V.
Edvige e vecchio Ekdal poi Gina.
SCENA VI.
Gina — Erminio e Edvige.
SCENA VII.
Detti e Gregorio.
SCENA VIII.
Relling, Molvik e Detti.
FINE
Nota del Trascrittore
Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
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