Highways Geometric

(CE 443)

Prepared by:
Dr. Aslam Al-Omari
 Topic No. 4:
Roadways and Their
Geometric Characteristics
Chapter 15
1. Deflection Angle and
Chord from Previous Station
d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + d2/2 = D/2

d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 𝛿1

𝐶1 = 2𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2
d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 𝛿2
D 𝐶2 = 2𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2
For Full-( intermediate) Chord:
d1/2 + Da/2 𝐷𝑎
𝐶𝐷 = 2𝑅 𝑠𝑖𝑛
d1/2 2
2. Deflection Angle and
Chord from PC
d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + d2/2 = D/2

d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2 + Da/2

d1/2 + Da/2 + Da/2
D
d1/2 + Da/2
d1/2

L1
 2. Deflection Angle and
Chord from PC

𝐿𝐶 = 2𝑅𝑆𝑖𝑛 ∆ൗ2

𝐶 = 2𝑅𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝐷𝑒𝑓. 𝐴𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒

𝐶1 = 2𝑅𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝛿1 Τ2
𝐶2 = 2𝑅𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝛿1 Τ2 + 𝐷 Τ2
For the final Chord (Cn)
𝐶𝑛 = 2𝑅𝑆𝑖𝑛 ∆ൗ2
𝐶𝑛 = 𝐿𝐶
3. Tangent Offset
Method

D
 3. Tangent Offset
Method
Ti

ti
Ci
𝑻𝒊 = 𝑪𝒊 𝑪𝒐𝒔 𝑫𝒆𝒇. 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆
𝒕𝒊 = 𝑪𝒊 𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒇. 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆
𝑪𝒊 = 𝟐𝑹𝑺𝒊𝒏 𝑫𝒆𝒇. 𝑨𝒏𝒈𝒍𝒆
 3. Tangent Offset
Method
Ti

ti
Ci

1. Get t1, t2, …, tn from tangent at the PC

to stake out points on the S.C.C.

2. Goes along with method 2

3. Tangent Offset
Method
D = 34 14

L= 26+48.12-22+67.75= 380.37 ft
180∗𝐿
R= ( ∆𝜋 ) = 636.619 ft
5729.6
Da = = 9°
𝑅
𝑙1 𝐿
=
𝛿1 ∆
➔𝛿1 = 2.903°
𝑙2 𝐿
= ➔𝛿2 = 4.331°
𝛿2 ∆
 3. Tangent Offset
Method

Deflection Chord
Station Pt. Ti ti
Angle (o ‘ “) from PC

22+67.75 PC 000 0 0 0

23+00 1 27 4 32.24 32.23 0.82

24+00 5 57 0 130.88 130.88 13.667

25+00 10 27 4 227.34 227.34 41.975

26+00 14 57 4 317.56 317.65 84.86

26+48.12 PT 17 7 0 359.87 359.87 111.47

3. Tangent Offset
Method
4. Long Chord
Method
 4. Long Chord
Method

Get ti values
at different
values of qi to
stake out
LC/2
points on the
S.C.C.
 4. Long Chord
Method

LC/2LC/2
𝑽 − 𝑶 − 𝑷𝑻
𝟐
𝑳𝑪
𝑹𝟐 = 𝑶. 𝑽 𝟐 +
𝟐
𝟐
𝑳𝑪
𝑶. 𝑽 = 𝑹 − 𝑴 = 𝑹𝟐 −
𝟐

𝒕 𝒊 = 𝒇 𝒒𝒊
 4. Long Chord
Method

𝑶 − 𝑶′ − 𝑺
𝑹𝟐 = 𝒒𝒊 𝟐 + 𝑶′ 𝑺 𝟐
𝟐
𝑹𝟐 = 𝒒𝒊 𝟐 + 𝒕𝒊 + 𝑹 − 𝑴

LC/2
𝒕𝒊 + 𝑹 − 𝑴 = 𝑹𝟐 − 𝒒𝒊 𝟐
𝟐
𝑳𝑪
𝒕𝒊 = 𝑹𝟐 − 𝒒𝒊 −𝟐 𝑹𝟐 −
𝟐
5. Middle Ordinate
Method
5. Middle Ordinate
Method
M=R vers(D/2)
fully-station
𝑫𝒂
𝑴 = 𝑹 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔
𝟐

C=2R sin(Da/2)
Da
5. Middle Ordinate
Method

𝑫𝒂
𝑴 = 𝑹 𝟏 − 𝒄𝒐𝒔
𝟒