__PPL_NAVIGATION_BRIEFING_KÉSZ (1)

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PPL A N D T I ME B U I L D IN G N A V I G A T I ON B R I EF IN G
Rev. 1.0  14 December 2020
TABLE OF CONTENTS
FOREWORD .................................................................................................................................................... 2
1. TOOLS AND DOCUMENTS NEEDED FOR A CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT..................................................... 2
2. PREPARATION OF DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................................ 2
3. FLIGHT PREPARATION ........................................................................................................................... 7
4. PREFLIGHT AT LHGD .............................................................................................................................. 7
5. METEO BRIEFING................................................................................................................................... 7
6. AIRSPACES BRIEFING ............................................................................................................................. 8
8. FILING THE FLIGHT PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 8
9. DEPARTURE FROM LHGD ...................................................................................................................... 9
10. APPROACHING WAYPOINT ................................................................................................................. 11
11. DURING THE CRUISE:........................................................................................................................... 12
12. APPROACHING DESTINATION ............................................................................................................. 12
13. LOST NAVIGATION: ............................................................................................................................. 14
14. POOR WEATHER: ................................................................................................................................. 14
15. ABNORMAL AIRCRAFT OPERATION: ................................................................................................... 15
16. FOR ADVANCED/TIME BUILDERS: ....................................................................................................... 15
16.1. ENGINE FAILURE EN ROUTE .............................................................................................................. 15

16.2. APPROACHING A CONTROLLED AIRSPACE ....................................................................................... 15
17. OTHER NOTES...................................................................................................................................... 16
18. ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................. 16
18.1. DOCUMENTS:................................................................................................................................... 16
18.2. METEOROLOGY BRIEFING: ............................................................................................................... 17
18.3. AIRSPACES BRIEFING:....................................................................................................................... 19
18.4. NOTAMS BRIEFING: ......................................................................................................................... 20
18.5. FILING THE FLIGHT PLAN: RELEVANT SECTIONS OF NETBRIEFING AND TRANSPONDER MODES ....... 21
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FOREWORD
This written briefing summarizes the most crucial practical information for PPL students and time builders to
know the steps of flight preparation and the safe conduct of a cross-country flight. Please study this briefing
carefully. Information written with Italic font and/or written in section For advanced/time builders are for
advenced PPL trainees flying their 3rd, 4th or 5th cross-country flight and for time builders.
1. TOOLS AND DOCUMENTS NEEDED FOR A CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT

Tools:
I. Protractor
II. Red colour marker pen which draws 1 mm wide line
III. Plastic ruler 30 cm long
IV. Kneeboard
V. Two or three clips to help keeping the map folded
VI. Watch
VII. White cap at summer, mandatory between 1st May till 30th September
VIII. Sunglasses (grey, brown or green colour)
IX. A drink enough for 2 hours
Flight documents:
I. 1:500.000 ICAO VFR map

II. Navigation Log
III. Filled Weight and Balance sheet
For the Aircraft documents and personnel documents – which you should already know – please check
Chapter 18, Annexes
2. PREPARATION of DOCUMENTS
 MAP:
 Draw a circle around each waypoint
 any size is good however consider to draw a circle with 20mm diameter. The radius is 10 mm
that will be around 2 minutes flight time. When you cross the circle in flight, you will have 2
minutes to the waypoint.
 do not hide any important landmark with the circle. Note that you will identify the city / village
by landmarks. In case you would hide a landmark than you can leave this part of the circle out
of your drawing.
 See example:
 Circle over Jaszbereny: line interrupted over railway – road cross
 Circle over Lőrinci is interrupted to leave road visible on the map
 Draw your course line between your waypoints

 The line should be from circle to circle, do NOT draw it inside
 Do NOT hide any useful landmark (such as road, railway, electric line ..). Interrupt the line in case of
need.
 See example:
 Track line is interrupted over mast at Jaszago to read altitude
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 Note the magnetic track of the track somewhere right of the course line, enough far so it shouldn’t hide any
landmark important for your navigation but enough close that you can read it during your flight.
 NOTE: Magnetic Track is NOT the same as Magnetic Heading. Do NOT note heading that
includes wind correction.
 The wind you find on web sites are only forecast and not made for flight planning. You may need to postpone
the task due to weather and fly in a very different weather situation
 You will often use GPS track information along your route. GPS indicates Magnetic Track. If you fly the planned
magnetic heading and cross check it during the flight with GPS track than you will fly off-track equivalent of
wind correction.
 Last but not least: you fly VFR. As such, you will adjust your heading correcting the wind by looking out,
navigation with map.
 In case you have long legs (more than 30 minutes), you can consider to make a cross line to remind you (15
min) to check and/or change fuel tank.
 You may draw the 5 minutes lines on your course, if you use them they may help you if you get lost.
EXAMPLE
 AIRFIELD DATA:
 Check the desired airfield is approved at CAVOK OPERATION (SOLO or ONLY WITH INSTRUCTOR)
 Check the airfield data (AIRFIELD DATA FOLDER)
 procedures
 restrictions
 traffic pattern
 landing or other fees
 airspaces
 other regulations
 NAVLOG:
 Use only CAVOK approved form!
 Prepare your navlog according to the example:
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 You start with your departure aerodrome (LHGD)

 Add waypoints in between
 Fill the leg data between waypoints (Magnetic track, Leg time, distance), write the magnetic track
with red pen to make it easily recognizable!
 End with your destination aerodrome (LHGD)
EXAMPLE:
 FLIGHT TIME:
 Calculate the TOTAL flight time
 sum up the flight time for each leg
 add 15 minutes for departure and arrival
 in case your route includes other airfield to land or touch and go, add 10 minutes for the 1st
approach and 6 minutes for any subsequent traffic circuits
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 FUEL:
 Minimum fuel:
 calculate the trip fuel for the TOTAL estimated flight time (see above)
 ROTAX engine: 15 l/h
 Add 30 litres in case of Tecnam and Viper, and 20 litres for AT3 (10 litres navigation
reserve and the 10/20 litres for minimum landing fuel)
 Note:
You are still required to know the fuel calculation according to ICAO. We use the method described
above at CAVOK in order to increase the level of safety for CC flights.
In the CAVOK approved Company Flight Plan Fuel calc section use the following:
1. Final Reserve + CAVOK safety: 10 l or 20 l depending on the aircraft type
2. Nav reserve + Contingency: 10 l (for ROTAX engine aircraft)
3. Task (trip): the time that you will fly multiplied by aircraft fuel consumption (i.e. if the task is to
fly 2 h 40 min with a Viper, then it gives you 2.66666 x 25 l =40 l)
4. Min. block: the summary of the three mentioned before.
5. Alternate: A sufficient amount of fuel for reaching the alternate aerodrome from the destination
aerodrome, if an alternate aerodrome is selected
6. Extra: a reasonable amount of fuel on top of all due to refueling or weather issues.
CAUTION! Always take the aircraft weight and balance limitations and the aircraft performance in the
present weather at the present aerodrome with the present TOW into account for fuel calculation!
EXAMPLE (a ROTAX aircraft with two fuel tanks):
Fuel Calculation
Planned Actual
According to
CAVOK policy
Fuel Time Fuel Time
Final reserve +
CAVOK safety 20 ::::::: ::::::::
Nav. reserve +
contingency
10 0:40
Task (trip) 40 2:40
MIN. BLOCK 70 3:20
Alternate 5 0:20
Extra
ACT. BLOCK 75 3:40

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 Weight and Balance:

 Use the W&B page of Navlog to check the take-off and landing weight and the C.G.
EXAMPLE (an AT3 weight and balance calc):
Weight and Balance

600
580
560 T/O Land
Loaded A/C Weight (kg)
540
520
500
480
460
440
420
400
0,15 0,2 0,25 0,3 0,35 0,4 0,45
Arm (m)
VOA Max. TOW

Moment 582
Description Weight (kg) Arm (m) (kg⋅m)
Basic Empty Weight 379 0,208 79 Usable fuel

(Liter)
Usable Fuel stated in kg, max. 49 kg (= 68 l) 36 -0,257 -9 50
Pilot and Front Passenger 160 0,600 96
Baggage Area (max. 20kg) 5 1,125 6
Take-Off Weight and Moment 580 0,295 171

Fuel used
Fuel used during flight (until fuel tank is empty) 36 -0,257 -9 50
Landing Weight and Moment (if fuel is 0) 544 0,332 180
Take-off weight check: OK

Take-off Center of gravity check: OK CG: 0,295181
Landing Center of gravity check: OK CG: 0,331722

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3. FLIGHT PREPARATION
Having all document prepared (maps, navlog, etc) you need to prepare your navigation.
 Check your map, imagine what landmarks will you use for navigation. Select also some landmarks which will
be at your help in case you get lost.
 Strongly suggested making a draft about the route significant subjects (main roads, railroads, power lines,
rivers, lakes, cities, mountains, hills or obstacles)
 Check google to be familiar with the landscape
 Check minimum altitudes (obstacles in vicinity, elevation + 1000 feet, in mountainous area: elevation + 2000
feet due to turbulence, green airspaces, MSA, …) and maximum altitude (airspace, cloud base) you can climb
in case of need. During the flight start climbing to the desired altitude as soon as you can to check the cloud
base! If it is not OK, you will still have time to change the flight plan.
 Make a plan for every leg “PROCEDURE IN CASE OF LOST NAVIGATION OR POOR WEATHER CONDITIONS”.
(significant subjects, heading, escape route, radio comm., fuel calculation etc.)
 Determine the using frequencies end mark the points of changes. Mark them on the map!
This preparation is vital, you need to be prepared in detail so to avoid any improvisation in the air.
4. PREFLIGHT at LHGD
 Check METEO
 Check NOTAMs
 Check airspaces in use (Dangerous, TRAs, drop zones, UAV temporary airspaces)
 Study the airfields’ rules, procedures
 File the Flight Plan at NETBRIEFING. Check if it is accepted (GREEN).
 Fill out the OPS documents at the container, check the aircraft out in the FSP!
 Don’t forget fill out the TECHLOG (A/C data, FUEL, OIL, PILOTS NAME, SIGNATURE, DEPARTING AND ARRIVING
AIRFIELDS)
5. METEO briefing
There are many stories of pilots entering into bad weather conditions because they forgot to check the weather
and were not expecting the adverse conditions. So to avoid this, before departure you must not forget to check the
weather! To do this, check the official site: http://aviation.met.hu. After logging in, check the relevant TAFs,
METARs, GAMET, SIGMET, Weather information, Significant weather charts!
You can use CAVOK login name and password as well:
e-mail address: info@cavokaviation.com
password: cavok1234
You can also check other webpages such as windy.com but keep in mind, that these might be unofficial information
and based on mathematic models thus not always representing the reality.
Here you can see the webcams of some airfields:
https://www.idokep.hu/webkamera/tag/rep%C3%BCl%C5%91t%C3%A9r
Here you can see other webcams through Hungary:
https://www.idokep.hu/webkamera/mindegyik
For the pages of aviation.met.hu please see Annexes chapter!

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6. Airspaces briefing
To see how to check the airspace use plan, please see Annexes chapter!
7. NOTAMs
For checking the NOTAMs please see Attachment chapter.
8. Filing the Flight Plan
IMPORTANT: Always use CAVOK account to file a flight plan and please do it at LHGD Airfield in the OPS
container!
To file the flight plan you need to click on FPL button (letters are black, background is white)
In this section:
 The Aircraft Identification is the registration number.

 Flight rules are VFR, type of flight is General Aviation.
 Type of aircraft: AAT3 = AT3, SIRA = Tecnam P2002JF, C150 = Cessna 150 or F150, C172 = Cessna 172, PA34 =
Piper PA-34-200 Seneca. For Viper SD4 write ZZZZ to the type, and TYP/VIPERSD4 in the 18. Other Information
field.
 Wake Turbulence Category shall be Light, as MTOW is less than 7000 kg.
 Equipment: For the ROTAX engine aircraft it’s O, Y / C (or S), it means O – you have VOR on board, Y – you
have a VHF comm radio with 8.33 kHz channel spacing, and /C (or S) means you have a Mode C (or S)
transponder (capable of transmitting your squawk and altitude). Please see Annex chapter which aircraft have
what mode capability.
 Departure aerodrome will usually be LHGD and the time is the time of Estimated Off-Block Time (EOBT) stated
in UTC, it should be at least 30 minutes later than the time you file the flight plan!
 In the cruising speed section select N (Knots) and then state your speed with a FOUR digit number (80 kts is N
0080, 120 kts is N 0120, etc.).
 In the Level section sleect A and state your initial altitude with a THREE digit number (i. e. A 018 means your
altitude will be 1800’ by QNH).
 In the Route section write your waypoints without the departure and the destination aerodrome, and put only
a space between the waypoints.
 Then write the destination aerodrome’s ICAO code in the Destination Aerodrome section (usually it will be
LHGD). In the total EET, write the estimated elapsed time of the flight (0240 means that you plan to spend 2
hours and 40 minutes in the air).
 Write alternate aerodrome’s ICAO code as well (when appropriate)!
 In the Other Information field write OPR/CAVOK
 In the RMK/ field leave the PHONE 0036... number alone, as it is. It’s the phone number of the OPS and the
FIC should be able to call this number. Put a space and write the phone number of the person who filed the
flight plan as PILOT TEL 003630XXXYYYY (if it’s you, then it should be your phone number, not your
instructor’s)!If you wish to add other remarks (such as “Training flight at LHJK”), just put a space after the
phone number and write your remarks without comma, point, other punctuation marks, new row (enter).
 Don’t forget to state the Date of Flight as well in the Date of Flight section!
 In the endurance section state for how long is the fuel enough (0340 means the fuel is enough for 3 hours and
40 minutes after the EOBT)
 In the persons on board section, write how many persons on board you have!
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 In the Emergency Radio section cross out the items that you DON’T have on board. All CAVOK aircraft are
equipped with ELT, so the R letter and the E letter should NOT be crossed out, while the U and V should be!
 The Survival Equipment, the Jackets and the Dinghies should be crossed out as we have none of them.
 For the Aircraft Colour and Markings insert the aircraft colour and its significant markings (like HA-VOA has
“white with green stripes”)
 For the Remarks section you don’t have to write anything, so it can be crossed out.
 In the Pilot in Command section write the name of the PIC!
 Finally, validate the flight plan with the Local FPL validation! If it states Good job, FPL is valid, you can send it
by pressing the Send button!
 After sending the flight plan go to the list of the flight plans (white letter FPL with grey background) and check
if the flight plan was accepted and it became green.
 If anything occurs, you can still delay the plan, change the flight plan or cancel the flight plan by clicking on it
and selecting an option at its bottom. Here the mostly used functions are: changing (CHG), delaying (DLA) and
canceling (CNL) the flight plan
Useful link about flight plan filling (although a bit outdated):
https://files.eurofpl.eu/originalfpl/pdfs/EuroFPL-ICAO_Flightplan_Form_Basics-latest.pdf
User manual of netbriefing.hu:

https://www.netbriefing.hu/Dokumentumok/IXOWEB_help.pdf
For images of the Netbriefing Flight plan form and mode selection of transponder please check Annexes chapter!
9. DEPARTURE from LHGD
During your PPL training, you will be requested to fly overhead airfield before leaving to CC flight.
 take off by having kneeboard folded down so not to block the free movement of control stick
 from downwind 1700’, report „leaving downwind to overhead airfield, climbing 1900 feet)
 trim the aircraft, prepare your kneeboard and map for navigation
 overhead airfield, report leaving overhead airfield to Isaszeg/Godollo city/ Hungaroring
 SET AND KEEP THE APPROPRIATE PARAMETERS, ALTITUDE AND DIRECTION BEFORE COMMUNICATION!!!
 approaching the departure point, report leaving frequency to Budapest Information goodbye
 Before contact NORTH INFO take a pen and prepare yourself for copying all data
 Contact NORTH INFO and activate your flight plan
 IMPORTANT: at first copy all data to NAVLOG and then set instruments (usually QNH and SQAWK, but you can
get other information about traffic or airspaces) NEVER SET DATA DURING COMMUNICATION!!!!
 Correct the actual position if needed.
 determine the actual wind correction according a point of the horizon! To do this:
 Turn the aircraft to the magnetic course of the leg using the DG (and the compass as well) and keep
that heading.
 Pick a landmark far away, near to the horizon exactly at 12 o’ clock position!
 Check if you are drifting to the left or to the right. If you are drifting to the left, change heading using
some right rudder, if you are drifting to the right, use some left rudder, but keep an eye on the selected
landmark!
 Repeat previous step until you experience no drift. Check the DG and the magnetic compass, you will
read your magnetic heading. Your magnetic track will be the course of the leg.
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Departure procedure:
Departure to the West and Northwest : Leave the traffic circuit to overhead airfield at 1900’ altitude then proceed to
Hungaroring (less practical way), or leave the traffic circuit from the appropriate leg and proceed to Hungaroring,
report proceeding to “Hungaroring” for cross country flight, fly over Hungaroring and change frequency to Budapest
Information North.
Departure to North, Northeast and East: Leave the traffic circuit to overhead airfield at 1900’ altitude or leave the
traffic circuit from the appropriate leg, proceed to Gödöllő city, report proceeding to “Gödöllő City” for cross country
flight, contunue proceeding to Bag (as a mandatory waypoint) and before bag you may change frequency to Budapest
Information North.
Departure to East, Southeast and South: Leave the traffic circuit to overhead airfield at 1900’ altitude or leave the
traffic circuit from the appropriate leg, proceed to Isaszeg, report proceeding to “Isaszeg” for cross-country flight,
contunue proceeding to TPS or Dány and before TPS or Dány you may change frequency to Budapest Information
North.
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10. APPROACHING WAYPOINT
When you are sure that you are approaching your waypoint (the nose of aircraft will reach the waypoint from your
point of view):
i. Time:
o note the ATO (actual time over) on NAVLOG (check the time, add the time needed to reach waypoint
(2-3 minutes), note only the minutes (in case your calculation 10:15, write only 15)
o calculate the estimated time over of the next waypoint and note it to ETO box
ii. Cockpit check, Engine check and Fuel check (change fuel tank if necessary)
iii. Correct the actual position, altitude, speed, engine parameters if needed
iv. Synchronise DG with magnetic compass. Find the next direction on DG.
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v. Prepare your turn:

o read out the next Hdg
o read your map and choose landmarks that will help you to make the turn (you may have a road leaving
the city parallel to your new heading or a village near by that is already visible, …)
o Fly over the waypoint, find a significant point (railway station, road crossing or etc.) Don’t turn before
or after the planned waypoint because you measure the direction from over the point.
vi. Report your position to ATC (“HATEF over Acsa at 1800 feet QNH1021 estimated Hehalom 15, next Hatvan” -
where 15 is the minute part of the calculated ETO, like 10:15 next Hatvan means Hatvan is the next waypoint
after Hehalom)
vii. If you have the sufficient time and you identified the waypoint communicate before the turn. If there is no
time or the frequency is busy, then communicate after the turn when you have the correct position and
direction. NEVER TURN AND COMMUNICATE AT SAME TIME BECAUSE YOU WILL MAKE A MISTAKE IN BOTH
OF THEM!!!!
viii. Turn to your next leg
ix. Correct the actual position, speed, altitude, engine parameters if needed. Check the DG again and synchronise
it with magnetic compass if necessary!
11. DURING THE CRUISE:

 fly the aircraft and enjoy flying �
 keep parameters, speed, altitude and direction
 determine the actual wind correction by picking a point/landmark on the horizon and checking the drift
 check the available appropriate landing fields on the ground to prepare for engine failure
 check the airspace for traffic
 avoid the restricted airspaces
 check the communication sectors boundary, set the next frequency as standby
 listen to the other radio communications
 check for changes in the weather (visibility, clouds, wind direction or speed)
 check the fuel in every 15 min, change fuel tank if the difference is more than 10 litres
 climb or descend on time for checking the weather and the obstacles at the new level
12. APPROACHING DESTINATION

 Do your approach briefing:
 Frequency and call sign
 elevation of the airfield,
 altitude of traffic circuit,
 altitude to report overhead airfield (usually 500 ft above traffic circuit altitude except where airspace
limited like in LHGD
 Runways
 Direction of traffic circuits
 Your intention to join circuits:
 LHGD: at PPL stage, you will fly overhead airfield 1900 feet and join the proper downwind leg.
 Other airfields: if you are unfamiliar with the airfield you are approaching, fly overhead airfield
regardless which RWY is used. Later, when you are more experienced and know the airfield,
you may decide to join long final or downwind leg, …
 Check fuel
 Close your flight plan (HATEF approaching Godollo airfield please close my flight plan and I change to
119060)
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 Change frequency, set squawk 7000, store your map and kneeboard away
 Report your arrival, request arrival information (HATEF approaching from TPS request arrival information)
When you receive traffic information, remember to read back the RWY is used and ALSO your intention
(example: RWY 31 is used, I will joint overhead airfield in 2 minutes, HATEF)
Note:
At PPL stage, you will be requested to fly overhead airfield.Take a special care when flying overhead 1900 feet
and joining downwind leg.You may expect traffic from any direction! Around Godollo, unfortunately not every
traffic use radio to communicate their position, so do NOT rely solely on what information you got by the radio.
LOOK OUT!!
Arrival procedures:
From West or Nothwest: Close flightplan and change frequency before Hungaroring, report approaching from
“Hungaroring”, fly over Hungaroring below 2000’ altitude, and join to the appropriate traffic circuit or join over the
field at 1900’ altitude.
From North, Northeast or East: Close flight plan and change frequency before Bag, report approaching from
“Gödöllő City”, fly over Bag then proceed overhead Gödöllő city below 2000’ altitude (between the M3 motorway
and the electric wires leading from Gödöllő south to Bag), and join to the appropriate traffic circuit or join over the
field at 1900’ altitude.
From East, Southeast or South: Close flight plan and change frequency before Dány or short before TPS, report
approaching from “Isaszeg”, fly over either Dány or fly over/east of TPS then proceed overhead Isaszeg below 2000’
altitude (keep position between the LHBP CTR border and the straight line between Isaszeg south and Valkó south),
and join to the appropriate traffic circuit or join over the field at 1900’ altitude.
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13. LOST NAVIGATION:

 keep calm
 note the time
 make a fuel calculation
 climb higher if it is possible
 fly around and find significant the landmarks, identify them and correct the position
 in case of poor weather avoid or fly out the zone
 follow the pre-determined escape plan
 use GPS or VOR equipment (use “D->” direct to function at GPS)
 if can not identify the actual position and can not correct the navigation ask information from BUDAPEST
INFO
 continue the flight plan or fly direct to LHGD
14. POOR WEATHER:

 in case of the low cloud level (overcast under the flight level, no ground contact)
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 turn back or avoid this sector and modify your route (Don’t forget report it to BUDAPEST INFO,
modify your FPL!)
 in case of rain or thunderstorm
 avoid this zone, modify your route continue the FPL (Don’t forget report it to BUDAPEST INFO,
modify your FPL!)
 if you can not continue the cross country flight take a landing at the pre-determined suitable
alternate airfield (after landing call the CAVOK OPS by mobile!)
15. ABNORMAL AIRCRAFT OPERATION:

 follow the POH procedures
 turn back to LHGD or take a landing at the pre-determined suitable alternate airfield (Don’t forget report it
to BUDAPEST INFO, after landing call the CAVOK OPS by mobile!)
16. FOR ADVANCED/TIME BUILDERS:

16.1. ENGINE FAILURE EN ROUTE
FOLLOW ANDALWAYS REFER TO AFM REGARDING THE THINGS TO DO AND PARAMETERS TO KEEP
IN CASE OF AN ENGINE FAILURE EN ROUTE! IF AFM DOES NOT STATE OTHERWISE, THEN:
 YOU HAVE TO KNOW THE WIND DIRECTION AND SPEED AT EVERY LEG
 SET SPEED 70 KTS
 FUEL PUMP ON, CARB. HEAT ON
 CHOOSE THE FIELD FOR LANDING
 CHECK THE FUEL QUANTITY AND FUEL PRESSURE (IF IT IS SHORT AFTER THE FUEL TANK
CHANGE SET THE PREVIOUS TANK)
 CHECK THE LANDING FIELD
 SHOULD BE A FIELD USED FOR AGRICULTURAL CULTIVATION
 DIRECTION TO HEADWIND
 SIZE (SIMILAR TO THE LHGD STRIP)
 DIRECTION (LAND PREFERABLY PARALLEL TO THE WIND)
 CLEAR OF OBSTACLES (POWERLINE, TREES, BUILDINGS, ETC.)
 POWER IDLE
 EXPECT LANDING AT THIS FIELD, SET FLAPS AS REQUIRED
 SET GLIDING SPEED PROPERLY (70 KTS WITH FLAPS 0 OR 15, 60 KTS WITH FLAPS FULL)
 FASTERN SEATBELT
 USE RADIO COMMUNCATION AT INFO BUDAPEST OR EMERGENCY FREQUENCY 121.500
 AIM FOR LANDING AT THE 1/3 OF THE FIELD WITH FLAPS FULL. TRY LANDING WITH AS LOW
AS SPEED YOU CAN
AFTER LANDING SWITCH OFF THE A/C AND CALL CAVOK OPERATION. IN CASE OF INJURY OR DEATH
IMMEDIATELY CALL 112!
16.2. APPROACHING A CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

 Monitor local ATIS (when applicable) 5-6 minutes before entering controlled airspace, write down the
most important information!
 Request a frequency change from the ATC before reaching controlled airspace border.
 If frequency change is approved, change frequency to the appropriate local ATC!
 DO NOT ENTER CONTROLLED AIRSPACE BEFORE ESTABLISHING TWO-WAY COMMUNICATION AND
RECEIVING ENTRY CLEARANCE, INSTEAD, MAKE ORBITS!
 Initiate the contact with the local ATC and advise them about your call sign, position, intention, ATIS on
board and any other relevant information (such as POB).
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 Follow the instructions of local ATC, read back the clearance, QNH, Runway information! If you are
unable to follow the instructions due to any reason, advise ATC!
17. OTHER NOTES
 Be at the airfield at least 1 hour before the flight and prepare!!!

 Flying by or near and airfield (like LHDK or LHKK): Remember to contact local frequency for traffic
information. You find radio example on the relevant doc.
 Always have an alternate prepared in case LHGD become unsuitable for landing. The WX may
deteriorate or fire close to RWY may cover airfield with smoke, …
 If you are called by ATC about a traffic near you, LOOK OUT and try to establish / maintain vertical
separation as well. Descend with 500’/min if it is safe (to minimum +1000’ AGL)
 Do NOT rely on ATC for traffic avoidance. You fly in Class G airspace; the pilots are responsible and
accountable for separation. ATC may inform you time to time but only as a help. LOOK OUT.
 Gliders:
 expect glider activity especially at summer time: look out, they are often invisible or difficult
to see
 do not fly over an airfield with winch activity (LHFH, LHKK at weekends, …)
 If you get lost or need help: call ATC, they are at your disposal to help!
 PLAN THE FLIGHT TO ARRIVE AT LEAST 30 MINUTES BEFORE SUNSET!!!!
For the communication procedures, please refer to the Radio Communication handout prepared by CAVOK!
18. ANNEXES
18.1. DOCUMENTS:
Documents of A/C:
I. Certificate of Airworthiness
II. Airworthiness Review Certificate
III. Certificate of Registration
IV. Noise Certificate
V. Aircraft Station Licence
VI. Last weighing record
VII. Last Certificate of Release to Service (CRS)
VIII. Insurance certificate
IX. Pilot Operating Handbook (POH)/Aircraft Flight Manual (AFM) and manuals regarding
supplementary items on board the aircraft (when applicable, i.e. a GPS or a PFD)
X. Aircraft Technical Log (ATL) book / Operational Data Store (ODS) book
XI. Relevant parts of CAVOK ATO OM
XII. CAVOK ATO certificate (copy)
Personnel documents:
a. Flight Crew Licence (when applicable)

b. Medical licence
c. ID card or passoprt
d. Company approval
Page: 17
Note: you may not always need to carry your logbook with you, but you must be able to show it to the
authority personnel with no unjustified delay in case of an authority check!
18.2. METEOROLOGY BRIEFING:
The page of TAFs and METARs and GAMET

Page: 18
The SIGMET page
Weather information page

Page: 19
Significant weather chart page
18.3. AIRSPACES BRIEFING:

For the active airspaces the map on the Netbriefing.hu website helps you. After logging in you can see the map
and the airspaces in use. If you click on the airspace name, their properties will show on the right side of the
screen.
Netbriefing map
Page: 20
There is another UNOFFICIAL but quite usable site: http://kiri.project.webtown.hu/web/pg/napi-legter

(user name: napilegter, pass: gyogyi123)
Clicking on the airspaces the airspace ID, the nature of operation, base altitude and top altitude and the
operation time is shown in a dialogue box. Below the map you can find the settings of the map.
18.4. NOTAMS BRIEFING:
On the surface of the Netbriefing.hu you can also check NOTAMs for aerodromes and FIRs. You can find NOTAM
menu next to the MAP in the top row.
Page: 21
NOTAM page of Netbriefing
18.5. FILING THE FLIGHT PLAN: RELEVANT SECTIONS OF NETBRIEFING AND TRANSPONDER MODES
The FPL form (top)

Page: 22
The FPL form (bottom)
FPL summary page (FPL is fgreen, so it was accepted)

Page: 23
FPL summary page, options: FPL change, delay and cancel buttons
NOTE for Transponder mode selection:
Some aircraft have Mode S transponder (it means that it can transmit the A/C registration as well, in this case
select the S letter in the SSR mode section). If you are unsure which aircraft has mode S capabilities, ask your
instructor or look it up in the Aircraft (transponder) POH! In case of Mode S capability, please select S: Mode S in
the equipment section of the flight plan form!
By the time being, the following list represents the transponder mode capabilities of CAVOK aircraft:
HA-VOA: Mode S
HA-VOB: Mode S
HA-BEW: Mode S
HA-BFH: Mode S
HA-BNJ: Mode C
HA-TEF: Mode C
HA-VOH: Mode S
HA-JDA: Mode S
HA-VEX: Mode S
HA-YCI: Mode S

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Page: 1

1. TOOLS AND DOCUMENTS NEEDED FOR A CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT..................................................... 2

2. PREPARATION OF DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................................ 2

3. FLIGHT PREPARATION ........................................................................................................................... 7

4. PREFLIGHT AT LHGD .............................................................................................................................. 7

6. AIRSPACES BRIEFING ............................................................................................................................. 8

8. FILING THE FLIGHT PLAN ....................................................................................................................... 8

9. DEPARTURE FROM LHGD ...................................................................................................................... 9

10. APPROACHING WAYPOINT ................................................................................................................. 11

11. DURING THE CRUISE:........................................................................................................................... 12

12. APPROACHING DESTINATION ............................................................................................................. 12

13. LOST NAVIGATION: ............................................................................................................................. 14

14. POOR WEATHER: ................................................................................................................................. 14

15. ABNORMAL AIRCRAFT OPERATION: ................................................................................................... 15

16. FOR ADVANCED/TIME BUILDERS: ....................................................................................................... 15

16.1. ENGINE FAILURE EN ROUTE .............................................................................................................. 15

17. OTHER NOTES...................................................................................................................................... 16

18. ANNEXES ............................................................................................................................................. 16

1. TOOLS AND DOCUMENTS NEEDED FOR A CROSS-COUNTRY FLIGHT

I. 1:500.000 ICAO VFR map

 Draw your course line between your waypoints

 You start with your departure aerodrome (LHGD)

EXAMPLE (a ROTAX aircraft with two fuel tanks):

MIN. BLOCK 70 3:20

ACT. BLOCK 75 3:40

 Weight and Balance:

Weight and Balance

VOA Max. TOW

Basic Empty Weight 379 0,208 79 Usable fuel

Pilot and Front Passenger 160 0,600 96

Baggage Area (max. 20kg) 5 1,125 6

Take-Off Weight and Moment 580 0,295 171

Landing Weight and Moment (if fuel is 0) 544 0,332 180

Take-off weight check: OK

Landing Center of gravity check: OK CG: 0,331722

Here you can see other webcams through Hungary:

For the pages of aviation.met.hu please see Annexes chapter!

For checking the NOTAMs please see Attachment chapter.

8. Filing the Flight Plan

 The Aircraft Identification is the registration number.

Useful link about flight plan filling (although a bit outdated):

User manual of netbriefing.hu:

9. DEPARTURE from LHGD

10. APPROACHING WAYPOINT

v. Prepare your turn:

11. DURING THE CRUISE:

12. APPROACHING DESTINATION

13. LOST NAVIGATION:

14. POOR WEATHER:

15. ABNORMAL AIRCRAFT OPERATION:

16. FOR ADVANCED/TIME BUILDERS:

16.2. APPROACHING A CONTROLLED AIRSPACE

17. OTHER NOTES

 Be at the airfield at least 1 hour before the flight and prepare!!!

a. Flight Crew Licence (when applicable)

18.2. METEOROLOGY BRIEFING:

The page of TAFs and METARs and GAMET

The SIGMET page

Weather information page

Significant weather chart page

18.3. AIRSPACES BRIEFING:

There is another UNOFFICIAL but quite usable site: http://kiri.project.webtown.hu/web/pg/napi-legter

18.4. NOTAMS BRIEFING:

NOTAM page of Netbriefing