9 SCIENCE - TERM 2 SCIENCE WORLD IN TRICHY

UNIT

5 Chemical bonding

TEXT BOOK EXERCISES 5. Bond formed between a metal and non

metal atom is usually __________

Y
I. Choose the correct answer: a)) ionic bond b) covalent bond

H
c)) Coordinate bond
1. Number of valence electrons in carbon is

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a) 2 b) 4 c) 3 d) 5 Ans: a) ionic bond

TR
Ans: b) 4 6. ______________ compounds have high
melting and boiling points.
IN
2. Sodium having atomic number 11, ready
to ___________________ electron/ a Covalent b) Coordinate c) Ionic
a)
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electrons to attain the nearest Noble gas Ans: c) Ionic

electronic configuration.
R

7. Covalent bond is formed by __________

O

a) gain one b)) gain two a)) transfer of electrons

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c)) lose one d)) lose two b)) sharing of electrons

Ans: c) lose one c)) sharing a pair of
E

electrons
C
N

3. Atoms having 1,2 or 3 electrons in its Ans: b)sharing of electrons

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valence shell will readily form ________

8. Oxidising agents
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aa) Cation b) anion

are also called as
Ans: a) Cation ___________ because they remove
electrons form other substances.
4. The element that would form anion by a)) electron donors b) electron acceptors
gaining electrons in a chemical reaction Ans: b) electron acceptors
is _______________
9. Elements with stable electronic
aa) Potassium b) Calcium configurations have eight electrons in
c)) Fluorine d)) Iron their valence shell. They are ___
a)) Halogens b)) Metals
Ans: c))Fluorine c)) Noble gases d) non metals
Ans: c) Noble gases
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I Answer in brief
II.
1. How do atoms attain Noble gas electronic
configuration.
Atoms can combine either by transfer of
valence electrons from one atom to another
or by sharing of valence electrons in order to
achieve the stable outer shell of eight
electrons.
b. Covalent compounds conduct
electricity in molten or solution state.
Ans:
a. Ionic compounds dissolve in polar
solvents
b. Covalent compounds do not conduct
electricity in molten or solution state.

2. CCl4 is insoluble in water but NaCl is 7. Complete the table give below.
soluble in water. Give reason. Atomic Electron Valence Lewis dot
Element
* CCl4 is a Covalent compound but NaCl is a number distribution electrons structure
Ionic Compound.

Y
* Water is a polar solvent so NaCl is soluble in Lithium 3
water.

H
* CCl4 is soluble in non polar solvent. Boron 5

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3.. Explain Octet rule with an example. Oxygen 8

TR
The octet rule is a chemical rule of thumb Ans:
that reflects observation that atom of main-
IN
group elements tend to combine in such a Atomic Electron Valence Lewis dot
Element
way that each atom has eight electrons in its number distribution electrons structure
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valance shell, giving it the same electron

configuration as a noble gas. Lithium 3 2,1 1 .Li
. B. .
R

Boron 5 2,3 3
O

6
..
Oxygen 8 2,6 O

..
..
W

8. Draw the electron distribution diagram for

E

the formation of Carbon di oxide (CO2)

C

molecule.
N
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SC

4.. Write a note on different types on bonds?

* Ionic bonds
* Covalent bonds
* Co-Ordinate Covalent bond.
2,6 2,4 2,6
5.. Find the odd one out.
a. H 2, Cl2, NaCl, O2, N2 O=C=O
b. H2O2, MnO4–, LiAlH4, Cr2O72–
9. Fill in the following table according to
Ans: a) NaCl , b) LiAlH4 the type of bonds formed in the given
molecule.
6.. Correct the wrong statements.
CaCl2, H2O, CaO, CO, KBr, HCl,
a. Ionic compounds dissolve in non polar CCl4, HF, CO2, Al2Cl6
solvents
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Ans:
Ionic bond Covalent Coordinate
bond covalent
bond
CaCl2 H2O, CCl4 CO
CaO, KBr HF, CO2 ........
HCl Al2Cl6 ........

10. Choose the correct answer form the choices

given below.
Te property which is characteristics of an
Ionic compound is that

Y
a. it ofen exists as gas at room

H
temperature

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b. it is hard and brittle
CaO

c. it undergoes molecular reactions
d. it has low melting point
Ans: b. it is hard and brittle
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TR
14. Considering MgCl2 as ionic compound and
IN
CH4 as covalent compound give any two
diferences between these two compounds.

11. Identify the following reactions as

Ionic bond Covalent bond
oxidation or reduction
R

a. Na → Na+ + e- 1. Transfer of 1. Sharing of

O

b. Fe + 2 e → Fe
3+ - + electron electron
W

Ans: a) Oxidation reactions 2. It is solid at room 2. It is gas,liqiud

Temperature and softness at
E

b) Reduction reactions
room Temperature
C

12. Identify the compounds as Ionic/

N

Covalent/Coordinate based on the given 15. Why are Noble gases inert in nature?
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characteristics. All noble gases have incomplete valance

shell, and tends to stable electronic
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a. Soluble in non polar solvents -

configuration. so Noble gas inert in nature.
b. undergoes faster/instantaneous
reactions -
c. Non conductors of electricity -
d. Solids at room temperature -

Ans: a) Covalent bond

b) Ionic bond
c) Covalent bond
d) Co-ordinate Covalent bond
13. An atom X with atomic number 20
combines with atom Y with atomic number
8. Draw the dot structure for the formation
of the molecule XY.
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III. Answer in detail

1. List down the diferences between Ionic and Covalent compounds.
Ionic Compounds Covalent Compounds
Formed by the transfer of electrons from a Formed by sharing of electrons between non-
metal to a non-metal atom metal atoms
Strong electrostatic force of attraction between Mutual sharing of electrons and so weak force
cations and anions of attraction between atoms
Solids at room temperature Gases, liquids and soft solids
Conducts electricity in molten state or in Non-conductors of electricity
solutions
Have high melting and boiling points Have low melting and boiling points
Soluble in polar solvents Soluble in non-polar solvents
Hard and brittle Soft and waxy

Y
Undergo ionic reaction which are fast and Undergo molecular reactions which are slow

H
instantaneous

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2. Give an example for each of the following c. Ionic or electrovalent bonds are formed by

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mutual sharing of electrons between atoms.
statements.
d. Loss of electrons is called Oxidation and
a. a compound in which two Covalent bonds Gain of electron is called Reduction.
IN
are formed
e. Te electrons which are not involved in
b. a compound in which one ionic bond is
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bonding are called valence electrons.

formed
Ans:
R

c. a compound in which two Covalent and

O

one Coordinate bonds are formed a. Like covalent compounds, Coordinate

compounds also contain charged particles
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d. a compound in which three covalent bonds

(ions), so they are bad conductors of
are formed electricity.
E

e. a compound in which Coordinate bond is

C

formed b. Ionic bond is a strong bond when

N

compared to Hydrogen bond.

a) O2 O = O
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b) HCl
c. Ionic or electrovalent bonds are formed by
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c) CO
mutual transfer of electrons between atoms.
d) N _
=N
e) NH4+
Loss of electrons is called Oxidation and
d.
3. Identify the incorrect statement and correct Gain of electron is called Reduction.
them. (statement Correct)
a. Like covalent compounds, Coordinate
compounds also contain charged particles
e. The electrons which are not involved in
(ions), so they are good conductors of
bonding are called lone pair electrons.
electricity.
b. Ionic bond is a weak bond when compared
to Hydrogen bond.

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4. Discuss in brief about the properties of 5. Find the oxidation number of the elements in
Coordinate covalent compounds. the following compounds.
Characteristics of coordinate covalent a. C in CO2
compounds b. Mn in MnSO4
Te compounds containing coordinate c. N in HNO3
covalent bonds are called coordinate compounds.
a. C in CO2
a. Physical state – These compounds
exist as gases, liquids or solids. x + 2(-2) =0
x -4 =0
b. Electrical conductivity – Like covalent x =4
compounds, coordinate compounds also do
C=+4
not contain charged particles (ions), so they

Y
are bad conductors of electricity.

H
b. Mn in MnSO4
c. Melting point – These compounds

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x + 1(6)+4(-2) =0
have melting and boiling points higher than
x+ 6-8 =0

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those of purely covalent compounds but
x-2 =0
lower than those of purely Ionic compounds.
x=2
IN
d. Solubility – Insoluble in polar solvents
Mn=+2
like water but are soluble in non-polar solvents
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like benzene, CCl4, and toluene.

c. N in HNO3
R

e. Reactions – Coordinate covalent

1(1) +x+3(-2) =0
O

compounds undergo molecular reactions

1+ x-6 =0
W

which are slow.

x-5 =0
x=5
E

N=+5
C
N

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SC

Prepared By
D.Felix Arockia Raj,M.Sc.,B.Ed.,
PG ASST CHEMISTRY
ST JOSEPH'S COLLEGE HR SEC SCHOOL,TRICHY-2

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