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16PC14 & 16PC13 - 250X1000 C13 General design parameters:

Given:
General column design by PROKON. (GenCol Ver W5.2.00 - 25 Apr 2024) l = 6.000 m
fck = 32 MPa
Design code : Eurocode 2 - 2004 fy = 500 MPa
Ac = 249950 mm^2
Input tables Assumptions:
(1) The general conditions of clause 5.8.8.2 are applicable.
General design parameters: (2) The specified design axial loads include the self-weight of the column.
(3) The design axial loads are taken constant over the height of the column.
COLUMN SECTION

Code X/Radius or Bar Y (mm)

Diameter (mm)
+ 5.000
240.000
5.000
-5.000
-240.000
-5.000
+ 125
b 28
+ 125
B 28
+ 125
B 28
+ 125
B 28
Angle °
Design approach:
The column is designed using an iterative procedure:
(1) The column design charts are constructed.
5.000 (2) An area of reinforcement is chosen.
990.000 (3) The corresponding slenderness moments are calculated.
5.000
(4) The design axis and design ultimate moment are determined.
(5) The design axial force and moment capacity is checked on
the relevant design chart.
-5.000 (6) The safety factor is calculated for this load case.
-990.000 (7) The procedure is repeated for each load case.
50 (8) The critical load case is identified as the case yielding the lowest
safety factor about the design axis.
200
Through inspection:
Load case 1 (ULS) is critical.
800
Check column slenderness:
950 End fixity and bracing for bending about the Design axis:
At the Top end : Condition 2 (partially fixed).
At the Bottom end : Condition 3 (pinned).
The column is braced.

Design loads: Effective length factor ß = 0.95

LOADS (ULTIMATE LIMIT STATE)

Load case Designation P (kN) Mx Top My Top Mx Bottom My Bottom

Effective column height:
(kNm) (kNm) (kNm) (kNm)

1 ULS 3981 400 200

2 ULS+Nadd 3928 420 210 lo = ß . l
= .95 ×6
Code specific parameters:
Building 0.005
= 5.700 m
inclination rad

Effective creep 0
ratio - 5.8.4

Column slenderness about weakest axis:

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004

1000 le
max_sl =
r
X X
500
5.7
=
0
.07215
= 79.002
Y
0
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Minimum Moments for Design:

Check for mininum eccentricity: θ . l0
Check that the eccentricity exceeds the minimum in the plane of bending: eminy =
2
5.2(7) .005 ×5.7
=
2

θ . l0 = 0.0142 m
eminx =
2
.005 ×5.7 emin >= 20mm 6.1 (4)
=
2
= 0.0142 m

5.2(7) Mminy = eminy . N

= .02 ×3981
θ . l0 = 79.620 kNm
eminy =
2
.005 ×5.7
=
2
Check if the column is slender: 5.8.3.1
= 0.0142 m
Ned = 3981.0kN

emin >= 20mm 6.1 (4)

acc . fck
fcd =
1.50
1 ×32
=
Mminy = eminy . N 1.50
= .02 ×3981 = 21.333 MPa
= 79.620 kNm

5.2(7)
fy
fyd =
1.15
θ . l0
eminx = 500
2 =
1.15
.005 ×5.7
= = 434.783 MPa
2
= 0.0142 m

5.5.3.1 (1)
5.2(7)
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Ned
n= 20 . A . B . C
Ac . fcd λlim =
3 n
3981×10
=
249950 ×21.333 20 ×.7 ×1.1839 ×1.5489
=
= 0.7466 .74659
= 29.712
A = 0.7 5.8.3.1 (1)
5.8.8.3 (3)
λ = 79.00 > 29.71

As . fyd Thus:The column is slender.

ω= .
Ac fcd
2463 ×434.78 Initial moments::
=
249950 ×21.333
The initial end moments about the X-X axis:
= 0.2008
M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm

5.8.3.1 (1) M2 = Larger initial end moment = 400.0 kNm

The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

B = 1 + 2. ω
= 1 + 2 ×.20083
= 1.184 Mi = -0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= 0.4
- ×0 + 0.6 ×400
= 240.000 kNm
Larger end moment
M02 = 526.8kNm
Smaller end moment
M01 = 79.6kNm

5.8.3.1 (1)
Mi2 = 0.4 . M2

M01 = 0.4 ×400

rm = = 160.000 kNm
M02
79.62
=
526.83
Thus:Mi >= 0.4M2 = 240.0 kNm
= 0.1511
The initial end moments about the Y-Y axis:

5.8.3.1 (1) M1 = Smaller initial end moment = 0.0 kNm

C = 1.7 - rm M2 = Larger initial end moment = 200.0 kNm

= 1.7 - .15113 The initial moment near mid-height of the column : 5.8.8.2

= 1.549

Mi = -0.4 . M1 + 0.6 . M2
= 0.4
- ×0 + 0.6 ×200
5.8.3.1 (1) = 120.000 kNm
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5.8.8.3 (3)

nu - n
Mi2 = 0.4 . M2 Kr =
nu - nbal
= 0.4 ×200 1.2008 - .74659
=
= 80.000 kNm 1.2008 - .3905
= 0.5605

Thus:Mi >= 0.4M2 = 120.0 kNm

Deflection induced moments: 5.8.8.2 Kr is limited to <= 1

5.8.8.3 (3)
Allowable tensile strain in steel 5.8.8.3 (1)

Ned
n= fst
Ac . fcd ε yd =
Es
3981×103
= 434.78
249950 ×21.333 =
200000
= 0.7466
= 0.0022

5.8.8.3 (3)
5.8.8.3 (4)

As . fyd
ω= fck λ
Ac . fcd ß = 0.35 + -
200 150
2463 ×434.78
= 32 78.997
249950 ×21.333 = 0.35 + -
200 150
= 0.2008
= -0.0166

5.8.8.3 (3)
5.8.8.3 (4)

nu = 1 + ω
Kφ = 1 + ß . φef
= 1 + .20083
= 1 + -.01664 ×0
= 1.201
= 1.0000

For bending about the X-X axis:

5.8.8.3 (3) Kφ is limited to >= 1

5.8.8.3 (1)
Nbal
nbal =
Ac . fcd
2082×103
=
249950 ×21.333
= 0.3905
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Kr . Kφ . ε yd
curvature =
0.45 . d (c) 5.8.8.2
.56057 ×1 ×.00217
=
0.45 ×.2
Madd
= 0.0135 Mbot = Mb + + Mimperf
2
0
5.8.8.2 (3) =0 + +0
2
= 0.0000×100 kNm
curvature . lo 2
e2 =
c Thus:M = 400.0kNm 5.8.8.2

.01354 ×5.7 2
=
10
= 0.0440 Moments about X-X axis( kNm)
Mx=400.0 kNm
Mxtop=400.0 kNm Mx_imperf+Mxadd=0.0 kNm
5.8.8.2 (3)

Madd = Ned . e2
+ =
= 3981 ×.04399
= 175.124 kNm

Thus:Maddx = Madd*cos(-90.00°) = 0.0 kNm Initial Additional Design

Thus:Maddy = Madd*sin(-90.00°) = 175.1 kNm

Design ultimate load and moment:

Design axial load:
Pu = 3981.0 kN Moments as a result of imperfections added about the design axis 5.8.9 2)

For bending about the Y-Y axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of: 5.8.8.2
Moments as a result of imperfections added about the design axis 5.8.9 2) (a) 5.8.8.2

For bending about the X-X axis, the maximum design moment is the greatest of: 5.8.8.2
(a) 5.8.8.2 Madd
Mtop = Mt + + Mimperf
2

Madd 175.13
Mtop = Mt + + Mimperf = 200 + + 79.62
2 2

0 = 367.185 kNm
= 400 + +0
2
= 400.000 kNm (b) 5.8.8.2

Mmid = Mi + Madd + Mimperf

(b) 5.8.8.2
= 120 + 175.13 + 79.62
Mmid = Mi + Madd + Mimperf = 374.750 kNm
= 240 + 0 + 0
= 240.000 kNm
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(c) 5.8.8.2 Design of column section for ULS:

The column is checked for applied moment about the design axis.
Madd Through inspection: the critical section lies near mid-height of the column.
Mbot = Mb + + Mimperf The design axis for the critical load case 1 lies at an angle of 57.36° to the X-axis
2
The safety factor for the critical load case 1 is 1.01
175.13
=0 + + 79.62 For bending about the design axis:
2
= 167.185 kNm
Interaction Diagram

Moment max = 543.1kNm @ 2036kN

Thus:M = 374.8kNm 5.8.8.2 6500
6000
5500
5000
Moments about Y-Y axis( kNm) 4500
My=374.8 kNm 3981 kN
4000
Mytop=200.0 kNm Madd/2=87.6 kNm My_imperf+Myadd=167.2 kNm

Axial load (kN)

3500
Myadd/2=-175.1 kNm

3000
2500
2000
+ = 1500
1000

-600

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0.00
500

100

200

300

400

500

600
445 kNm
-500
Initial Additional Design
Bending moment (kNm)

Moment distribution along the height of the column for bending about the design axis:

The final design moments were calculated as the vector sum of the X- and Y- moments
of the critical load case. This also determined the design axis direction

At the top, Mx = 488.0 kNm

Near mid-height, Mx = 445.0 kNm
At the bottom, Mx = 0.0 kNm
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Stresses near mid-height of the column for the critical load case 1
Load case axis N (kN) M1 (kNm) M2 (kNm) Mi (kNm) Madd (kNm) Design M (kNm) M' (kNm) Safety
factor

Load case 1 X-X 3981.0 0.0 400.0 240.0 0.0 Middle 400.0 445.0 1.014

Eurocode
Y 2 - 2004 ULS Y-Y 0.0 200.0 120.0 -175.1 374.8

Load case 2 X-X 3928.0 0.0 420.0 252.0 0.0 Middle 420.0 456.9 1.020
ULS+Nadd Y-Y 0.0 210.0 126.0 -176.6 381.1

1000 Load case 1 (ULS) is critical.

D
M
57.4°
57.4°
X X
500

D
M
0

Y
0

Summary of design calculations:

Design table for critical load case:

Moments and Reinforcement for LC 1:ULS

Top Middle Bottom

Madd-x (kNm) 0.0 0.0 0.0

Madd-y (kNm) 87.6 -175.1 0.0
Mx (kNm) 400.0 240.0 0.0
My (kNm) 279.6 374.8 0.0
M_imperf (kNm) 79.6 79.6 0.0
M-design (kNm) 488.0 445.0 0.0
Design axis (°) 34.96 57.36 180.00
Safety factor 1.15 1.01 1.59
As (mm2) 2463 2463 2463
Percentage 0.98 % 0.98 % 0.98 %
Nominal mm^2 796 796 796
Critical load case: LC 1

Design results for all load cases: