PW1100G-JM LINE AND BASE MAINTENANCE

Ignition

CHAPTER 5

IGNITION
ATA 74

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Ignition

SYMBOLS

Symbols used in this guide are explained below.

Special tooling is required.

The component is a Line Replaceable Unit (LRU).

A Post Maintenance Test is required.

Avoid injury by following guidelines listed under

this symbol.

Avoid damage to equipment by following

guidelines listed under this symbol.

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Ignition

OBJECTIVES

1. Describe the purpose of the Ignition System.

2. Locate system components.

3. Identify Line Replaceable Units (LRUs).

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Safety Conditions

BE CAREFUL WHEN YOU WORK ON THE ENGINE AFTER SHUTDOWN. THE

ENGINE AND ENGINE OIL CAN STAY HOT FOR A LONG TIME. IF YOU DO
OVERVIEW NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, INJURY CAN OCCUR.

REFER TO THE MSDS FOR ALL MATERIAL USED AND THE

The Ignition System supplies a spark to ignite the fuel/air mixture in
the combustor. Ignition occurs during engine start, engine relight,
and when conditions require a continuous ignition to prevent the
risk of flameout.
Each engine has two independent ignition systems designed for
continuous duty operation if needed. Normally the systems
alternate, but they can be used simultaneously under these
conditions:
MANUFACTURER’S SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR ALL EQUIPMENT USED. IF
YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, INJURY CAN OCCUR.
THE IGNITION SWITCH MUST BE IN THE OFF POSITION BEFORE YOU
REMOVE IGNITION COMPONENTS. SOME MINUTES MUST GO BY BEFORE
IT IS SAFE TO REMOVE IGNITION COMPONENTS. AFTER YOU REMOVE THE
IGNITER PLUG CABLE FROM THE IGNITER PLUG, IMMEDIATELY TOUCH
THE CABLE TERMINCAL TO A GOOD GROUND TO LET ALL OF THE
ELECTRICAL ENERGY OUT OF THE SYSTEM. THE IGNITION SYSTEM
VOLTAGE IS DANGEROUSLY HIGH. IF YOU DO NOT DO THIS PROCEDURE,
INJURY OR DEATH CAN BE THE RESULT.

• continuous ignition USE NECESSARY PRECAUTIONS WHEN YOU DO WORK ON THE IGNITION
SYSTEM. THIS SYSTEM HAS HIGH ENERGY AND CAN CAUSE INJURY OR
• manual start DEATH BY ELECTRICAL SHOCK.

• automatic re-start
DO NOT BEND OR TWIST THE IGNITION CABLES. REMOVE THE CABLE
• in-flight start ENDS STRAIGHT FROM THE IGNITER PLUG RECEPTACLES. IF
NECESSARY, REMOVE THE IGNITION CABLE FROM THE SPRING CLIPS TO
• failed igniter on both EEC channels RELEASE TENSION FROM THE CABLE. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS
CAUTION, YOU CAN DAMAGE THE CABLE ENDS AND/OR IGNITER PLUG
• high altitude or extreme cold ground start. CERAMIC.

The Electronic Engine Control (EEC) commands the Ignition

System in both manual and automatic start modes. Auto start is the Each of the two systems includes an ignition exciter, igniter plug
normal condition, and manual mode is used if auto start fails, or for cables, and igniter plugs.
maintenance purposes.

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Ignition

IGNITION SYSTEM

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Ignition
Safety Conditions

BE SURE TO TIGHTEN IGNITION CONNECTOR NUTS TO THE CORRECT

TORQUE. IF THE TORQUE AT EITHER THE IGNITER PLUG OR IGNITION
COMPONENTS EXCITER END OF THE CABLE IS NOT SUFFICIENT, THIS CAN CAUSE
ELECTRICAL NOISE FROM THE IGNITION SYSTEM IN THE AIRCRAFT RADIO
Ignition Exciter EQUIPMENT.

Purpose:

The ignition exciter supplies the voltage necessary for igniter plug An EEC command activates the exciter circuits when ignition is
operation. requested from the flight deck.

Location: The ignition exciter has an energy delivery capacity of 0.9

joules/channel. Fan compartment air flows over the hermitically
The exciter is attached by anti-shock mounts to a bracket on the fan sealed exciter box to provide cooling for the unit.
case at 5:00.

Description:

The exciter receives 115V AC electrical input power from the

aircraft to ignite the fuel/air mixture in the combustor.

Operation:

The ignition exciter supplies 8 kilovolts to the igniter plugs to ignite

the fuel/air mixture in the combustor. The exciter duty cycle varies
between 1–3 sparks per second.

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Ignition

IGNITION EXCITER

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Ignition
Safety Conditions

IGNITION SYSTEM VOLTAGE IS DANGEROUSLY HIGH. THE IGNITION

SWITCH MUST BE IN THE OFF POSITION BEFORE REMOVING OR
COMPONENTS (Cont.) INSTALLING ANY IGNITION COMPONENTS. AFTER DISCONNECTING CABLE
FROM IGNITER PLUG, DISCHARGE CURRENT BY GROUNDING CABLE
Igniter Plug Cables TERMINAL TO ENSURE COMPLETE DISSIPATION OF ENERGY FROM THE
SYSTEM. FAILURE TO FOLLOW THIS PROCEDURE COULD RESULT IN
SEVERE INJURY TO PERSONNEL.
Purpose:

Igniter plug cables distribute electricity from an exciter to an igniter

YOU MUST USE A SECOND WRENCH TO HOLD THE MATING PARTS WHEN
plug. YOU LOOSEN OR TIGHTEN THE TUBE NUTS. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS
CAUTION, YOU CAN TWIST OR DAMAGE THE TUBES.
Location:

Cables are routed from the ignition exciter on the right side of the
engine fan case at 5:00, to the igniters installed on the diffuser case
at 3:00 and 4:00 on the right side of the engine.

Description:

The interchangeable cables are flexible braided-steel conduits with

ceramic insulated terminals at the plug end.

Operation:

The igniter plug cables send 8 kilovolts of electricity from an exciter

to an igniter plug.

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Ignition

IGNITION SYSTEM COMPONENTS

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Ignition
Safety Conditions

THE IGNITION SWITCH MUST BE IN THE OFF POSITION FOR TWO MINUTES
MINIMUM BEFORE YOU REMOVE IGNITION COMPONENTS. YOU MUST
COMPONENTS (Cont.) WAIT THE TWO MINUTES TO LET ALL OF THE ELECTRICAL ENERGY OUT
OF THE SYSTEM. THE IGNITION SYSTEM VOLTAGE IS DANGEROUSLY
Igniter Plugs HIGH. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS WARNING, INJURY CAN OCCUR.

Purpose:

DO NOT BEND OR TWIST THE IGNITION CABLES. REMOVE THE CABLE

Igniter plugs are used to ignite the fuel/air mixture for engine start.
Location:
The plugs are attached to the diffuser case at 3:00 and 4:00.
Description:
Each igniter plug has shielded center electrodes. Classified spacers
are installed under a mounting boss. The spacers and boss are
installed to the diffuser case assembly and are not removed during
replacement of the igniter plugs.
Operation:
The spacers control immersion depth of the igniter plug tip inside
the combustion chamber. Each igniter plug uses 8 kilovolts from an
exciter to make an electrical spark across the igniter plug gap. The
spark from the plug ignites the fuel/air mixture.
ENDS STRAIGHT FROM THE IGNITER PLUG RECEPTACLES. IF
NECESSARY, REMOVE THE IGNITION CABLE FROM THE SPRING CLIPS TO
RELEASE TENSION FROM THE CABLE. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS
CAUTION, YOU CAN DAMAGE THE CABLE ENDS AND/OR IGNITER PLUG
CERAMIC.
HOLD THE INSERT WITH THE ADAPTER WHEN YOU REMOVE THE IGNITER
PLUG. FAILURE TO HOLD THE IGNITER BOSS INSERT WHEN THE IGNITER
PLUG IS REMOVED MAY RESULT IN LOSS OF TORQUE ON THE INSERT
AND ENGINE DAMAGE.
DO NOT USE A THREAD CHASING DIE ON THE IGNITER PLUG. THE
THREADS ARE SILVER PLATED AND HAVE A TIGHT TOLERANCE TO MAKE
SURE THE IGNITER PLUG FITS CORRECTLY. DO NOT CLEAN THE IGNITER
PLUG THREADS TOO MUCH. IF YOU DO NOT OBEY THIS CAUTION,
DAMAGE TO THE IGNITER PLUG CAN OCCUR.
DO NOT APPLY ANTI-SEIZE TO THE THREADS OF THE PLUG. ANTI-SEIZE
CAN CHANGE THE TORQUE AND CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE INSERT.
Igniter remover adapter tool PWA211825 is required to remove
either igniter plug, once the electrical system has been de-
energized.

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Ignition

IGNITER PLUG

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IGNITER REMOVER ADAPTER TOOL

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Ignition

IGNITION SYSTEM OPERATION

Aircraft 115V AC power for the exciters is wired to an exciter box The EEC includes an Automatic Ignition System as an integral part of
containing solid state relays controlled by the EEC. The exciter box its ignition function. It also features an Automatic Relight System,
contains the circuits for both igniters, which are electrically isolated which energizes both igniters for 30 seconds when engine flameout is
within the exciter box. detected in RUN position.

Electrical power is supplied to the exciter box by bus power as Alternating the igniters every other start attempt instead of every start
shown below. attempt allows each channel to be tested with each igniter every two
starts.
Engine Ignition System Bus Power
The EEC will automatically select dual-igniter continuous ignition in
A AC Essential
1 the conditions below.
B AC 1
• An engine flameout is detected in flight or during takeoff.
A AC Essential
2 • A surge is detected in flight or during takeoff. Igniters will be
B AC 2 powered until 30 seconds after the surge recovers.

Exciter box circuit relays are controlled via ignition commands from • The EEC detects a quick relight.
the integrated flight deck control panel to the EEC. The electrical
energy from the ignition exciters is then sent through the ignition • The Thrust Control Malfunction (TCM) cutback (flare/approach
cables to the igniter plugs. or takeoff) is commanded to ensure the engine stays running
after the rapid fuel cutback.
When using the Manual Start Ignition selection, the EEC commands
the Starter Air Valve (SAV) open, energizes igniters, and starts fuel
flow.

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Ignition

IGNITION SYSTEM OPERATION

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Ignition

IGNITION SYSTEM FAULT DISPLAY

The Electronic Centralized Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) receives fault

messages from the Ignition System and displays them on the flight
deck.

See the following page for a sample ECAM message for the Ignition
System.

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SAMPLE ECAM MESSAGES FOR ATA 74

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