‫فبراير‬/١ ‫مناقشة‬

➡️migrane headache:
Headache: the headache phase can be the most debilitating aspect of a migraine attack,
with the pain ranging from mild to severe. Symptoms can also affect other body parts.
Postdrome: similar to a hangover, many migraine sufferers feel exhausted, low in mood
and lack concentration following a migraine.

➡️sequence of RPD abutment prepration ( proximal plate. Height of contour and rest)
➡️Cd tryin squence👉👉
1 buccal extention
2. Posterior extention.... Posterior Palat seat
3.retention
4.Stability
5.Occlusion

Marwayasir 🌹
➡️ankyloglossia:
Tongue-tie (ankyloglossia) is a condition in which an unusually short, thick or tight band
of tissue (lingual frenulum) tethers the bottom of the tongue's tip to the floor of the
mouth. If necessary, tongue-tie can be treated with a surgical cut to release the frenulum
(frenotomy).

➡️angular chelitis:
( decrease inVD)✅✅

➡️disinfection definition:
It’s a process that eliminates many or all pathogenic microorganisms, except bacterial
spores on inanimate objects.

➡️autoclave ( corrosion )
** to prevent the corrosion ▶️ submerged the burs in 2% sodium nitrate in perforated
container + autoxlave.

➡️waterline ( Stagnating area 20/30seconds)✅✅

Flushing device 20-30 second is recommended after each patient.
➡️EPT 3 question:
**The EPT is used to determine whether the pulp is vital. In addition, when using an EPT,
the clinician must be aware that teeth with metal restorations can give false-positive or
false-negative responses.
*Contraindicated with pacemaker.

➡️active carrier ( hbsag)

**Patients who positive for HBsAg is termed active carrier for HBV (hepatitis B virus).
*Individuals who have positive findings for HBsAg are termed carriers of HBV. They may
be inactive carriers or they may have chronic hepatitis. Anti-HBc is present in all patients
with chronic HBV infections. HBeAg and HBV DNA may or may not be present.

➡️cavernous sinus thrombosis ( infratemperal space )✅✅

➡️cast index grooving:
Both the maxillary and mandibular casts are indexed by placing grooves or notches in
the base of the cast.

➡️implant first year bone loss (1-1.5)✅✅

**The criteria for successful implants allow a loss of 0.2 mm per year; only in the first
year after implantation, a loss of 1.0–1.5 mm is allowed.

➡️non vital bleaching:

💡Four possible approaches are available :
1. Acid –pumice microabrasion
2. Bleaching
3. Veneers
4. Crowns

🟣Acid –pumice abrasion technique

📍Used only for mild staining & surface enamel opacities.
💡 18% HCL acid + pumice.
💡Phosphoric acid technique slower but safer
30-50% for 1-2 min..

💡Bleaching..
🟣Vital (office and home tech)
📍Office use h2o2. 25-40%
📍Home use carbamide 10-15%.
🟣Non vital (walking and inside outside tech. )
📍 Walking 35%carbamide or sodium perborate(which is best)
Pt come after week.

📍Inside-outside 10%carbamide peroxide

‫…د فاطمه‬

🚨Vital bleaching :
In office : 30-35% H202

Home applied :10-15% carbamide peroxide

🚨Non vital bleaching.

In office : 30-35 % H2o2
Walking bleach : Na
perborate.

**Hydrogen peroxide and sodium perborate are commonly used bleaching agents in non
vital bleaching.

➡️ porcelain diamond and carbide bur for metal✅✅✅

➡️ethics ( autonomy ,paternalism )
➡️ needle used in multiple injection ( exchange)✅✅
➡️professional behavior (ask for help from colleague )✅✅
Dr.Afnan
 ‫ فبراير‬/٢ ‫مناقشة‬

1. Time period between initial phase and re evaluation phase (in treatment
planning)?
A. 2 weeks
B. 3-6 weeks
C. Over a month ?!
D. Days
2. another terminology for hypercementosis

✅✅
A. cementum overgrowth
B. Cementum hyperplasia

✅✅✅
3. how much time should pass after extraction to starting radiotherapy
A. 1-2 weeks
B. 3-4 weeks.
C. Over a month
Note

🔊
‫معلومه‬
Ideal time for extraction in pt taking radiotherapy
Before 2week

🔊
And ideal time 21days
In chemotherapy
Before 5days in maxilla
And 7days in mandible
4. patient whitened his teeth 2 days ago, came back to replace a class III as it’s
darker now. When should the restoration be replaced?

✅✅
A- in 2 days
B- 7-14 days
C- 14-20 days
D- Forgot last choice

✅✅
5. Best material to disinfect alginate material?
A- sodium hypochlorite
B- Something nitrite
C- glutaraldhyde
D- Iodine

6. Dentist performing a perio surgery , full flap with blade 15, and now he need
(forget what instrument to position flap), what’s the sequence?
 ✅✅
A- Nurse take the blade carefully then handle the dentist the other instrument
B- Dentist place the blade on a neutral surface for the nurse to pick

✅✅
7. mandibular teeth severely inclined lingually, what major connector to use?
- labial connector
- Lingual connector
- Sublingual connector
- Lingual plate

▶️
8. full metal preparation for mandibular molar: -

▶️
Lingual cusp 1 mm

▶️
Buccul cusp 1.5 mm
Baccal and lingual wall 1 mm
9. Sheer cusp/cusps for a posterior cross bite occlusion:
 ✅✅
Upper > palatal
Lower> buccal

✅✅✅
10. while using a gracy curate
- Terminal shank is parallel to the tooth
- Terminal Shank is parallel to the long axes
- Shank is tilted a little bit away from the tooth
- Shank perpendicular …
12. rpd patient, 48 and 34-38 missing, after a discussion with the dentist, patient
decided to not restore the wisdoms, what’s the Kennedy classification?

✅✅✅
-C1
-C2
- C 1 mod 1
- C 2 mod 2
Note::
34-38
38 37 36 35 34 ‫يعني‬

13. controlled diabetic patient with a complete upper, came for a check up visit,
after removing the denture there’s a few small red points on the palate, what do
you advise the patient?

‫اخترت انا‬
- not wear denture all day

✅✅
‫ ولو انو مو وصف‬psudomembranus candidas
‫و باقي االجوبة كانت غريبة‬

14. complete denture patient, came for an after insertion visit with erythema
under the denture on the ridge crest and slobs, why?
‫اظن االجوبة كانت‬
- didn’t relief the undercut
- ‫شي عن مشكلة بقاعدة الطقم‬
- ‫ما ترك مسافة كافية لالنسجة بعد الطبعة‬

✳️✳️✳️
‫ الخيار االخير كان‬.‫اوه صح‬
Over extension labially ??

✅✅
15. in which teeth whitening technique we use sodium perbioate?
-Walk in whitening

16. patient with truisms and pericoronitis, can’t open his mouth, anesthesia
technique?
17. picture of nasopalatine block and you need to identify it.

18. patient had a breast cancer and undergo radio therape long time ago, she
came to your clinic fir the first time, you notice necrotic bone on the mandible
(osteonecrosis) no inflammation and patient doesn’t have any symptoms, what
stage?

👍🏼✅✅
-0
-I
- II
- III

،‫ مو نفس هاي الصورة‬.‫ والمطلوب تعرف شو المرض من اسنانه‬congenital syphilis ‫**جابوا كمان صورة‬
‫بس العالمة مميزة‬

*** lefort ll
 💕
Dr.Afnan
 ‫ فبراير‬/٣ ‫مناقشة‬

22. thyroid cyst 3-4cm, management ?

A. marsiplization

✅✅✅
B. Incision and drainage
C. Fine needle aspiration

23. swelling below the mandible body, pain on chewing and the swelling keep on

✅✅
increasing. What is that swelling ?
A. Periapical abscess
B. Submandibular space infection

24. rpd rest body is not on the tooth, there’s space, consequence?

the function of rest in RPD ▶️

Rest prevent impingement of soft tissue and

✳️✳️✳️
vertical support ,,
If not seat the moveing cause mobility and injury the soft tissu..

25. lingual bar:

✅✅
A- half circle in cross section

😅
B- Half bear in cross section
C- Forgot the rest
26. required radiograph for avulsion:
- mri
- Cbct + 2 PA

✅✅✅
- Occlusal
1occlusal &&3perapical
27. a young child (no age) slipped on the side of the pool , he came to the clinic
in 45m, management ?
A- Bench RCT then replant
B- Replant + splint + follow up
C- Give the patient another appointment for a space maintainer
- Do nothing

✳️✳️‫ بس انه طفل‬،‫هنا المزعج انو ما ذكروا عمر بالسؤال‬

‫ لو السن لبني بيكون الجواب‬D
‫ لو دائم‬B.

✅✅
28. splint for lateral Luxation ?
4weeks

29. patient presented to you with a sudden swelling that started few days ago
with swelling on his lower side, patient is on a vacation and don’t want to start an

✅✅
rct now, you management ?
- Incision and drainage

30. patient with mild to moderate dental wear and a night broxist, came to you
wanting to replace a class V on #43 that fell recently, you noticed after
examination remaining of the old composite filling, what would be the material of
choice to “replace” this filling ?
 ✳️✳️✳️
- Amalgam
- Composite
- Gic
- Ketac silver

31. patient came for a check up and you unnecessarily referred him to a
specialist, violation of:

✅✅
A- autonomy
B- Veracity
C- Justice

32. patient came with a pain on lower left 6, after examination your diagnosis was
irreversible symptomatic pulpitis, you took a panorama and it showed the right
lower wisdom with a big dentegrouse cyst:

✅✅
A- You treat lower left 6 and don’t mention the wisdom
B- you discuss with the patient about the lower right wisdom

33. old patient came to your clinic, you noticed in the radiograph radiopaque

😅
lesions near the apices:

🌚🌚
All answers were cementum related and close to each other
Searchh

34. hypertension patient taking 4 medications , AEC beta blocker (forgot the

✳️‼️⁉️
other 2), you wanted to take an impression but there’s an excessive salivations,
which of his medication contribute to this?

✅✅
35. headgear force:
A- Intermittent
B- Continues
C- Intermediate

36. scenario about a patient came to the clinic with symptoms, you suspected it’s
TB and he had most the symptoms, how long would the tb virus stay alive in the
clinic?
A- only couple of seconds
B- Only couple of minutes

✅✅
C- 2 hours
D- 4 hours

🥲.
37. Used to measure the width of keratinized gingiva :

✅✅✅
Answered had dyes and solutions that I’ve never heard of
Potassium iodine

38. picture of a cingulum rest from a lateral view, asked what’s wrong with that
rest:
- Should be more insically

✅✅✅
- Should be more cervical than
- No rest preparation
- Should be wider/thicker
39. canal sealer with the least durability

✅✅✅
- gic
- Zoe
- Calcium hydroxide

40. patient with high palatal vault, posterior cross bite, pseudomembranous

✅✅✅
candidiasis xerostomia and another 2 symptoms:
- asthma

41. how deep does the brush bristles go inside the gingiva ?
0.5 - 1 mm

42. at what age does drinking excessive fluoridated water can affect your
permanent teeth?

✅✅
- 8-14 months
- 15-30 months
- during pregnancy
43. best media for avulsed teeth

✅✅
- mineral water
Patient own saliva
- all other portions were unsuitable medi

👉🏻
*from best to worst media*

👉🏻
*cell culture media* *HBSS*

👉🏻
*low fat cold milk* .

👉🏻
*physiological saline* .

👉🏻
*Saliva*
*water* .

44. parasymphysis fracture, first concern?

A- airway ✅✅✅
B-bleeding
C- nerve injury

45.scenario about bilateral submandibular and submental swelling that keeps on

✅✅
growing bigger (ludwig angina), management :
- drainage under general anesthesia

✅✅✅
46. high occlusal trauma made the root compress on the bone, consequence ?
- necrotizing of pdl and bone resorption
- widening of pdl
- bone deposition
47. pedo with sever limited mouth opening, ankylosed tmj , after examination the
mandible doesn’t move, it deviate to the left, management ?
- Inter-positional Gap + arthroplasty 👍🏼

👍🏼
48. dominant bacteria in pregnancy gingivitis:
- P.Gingivalis
‫ اكثر شي‬٣ ‫هم‬
‫ بس‬intermedia ‫ما كانت بين االجوبة‬
Prevotella intermedia
Prevotella melaninogenica

✳️✳️
Porphyromonas gingivalis

49. how does clasp-less rpd compensate for the lack of clasps?
- anatomy between teeth and edentulous
- Broader coverage ⁉️
Dr.Afnan 💕
 ‫ فبراير‬٦-٥ ‫مناقشة‬

1- Pt. With influnza and came for checkup and cleaning what to do?
A. Work with catioun
B. Send home and reschedule another appointment

I think B unless it’s an emergency 🚨✳️✳️

2-dentist use blade and then opened a flap

‎
‫االستتنت‬ ‫وكان يبغى اداه ثانيه نسيت وش هي كيف ياخذ االداه من يد‬

✅✅
A. Leave the blade in netural zone and then pick up another instrument from
assistant
B. Handle the blade to the assistant in one hand and the take the another
instrument from assistant in the other hand

3-nurse injured her hand with blade of tb patient and she already finish her
vaccine

✅✅
A. Follow up
B. Request hbsag titer
C. Take another vaccine

✅✅
4-Maryland (resin-retained bridge) used for:
A. Teenager
B. Replace 2teeth missing
C. Extensive restored abutment
5-pt will extract central and want to replace it immediate but doesnt want
something expensive:
A. resin-retained bridge
B. interim denture

✅✅
6-Gutta percha content in gp cone %
A. 20
B. 30

✅✅ (‫)مااذكر الخيارات بس هذا الجواب‬

7-Ah plus is
Epoxy resion
8-When doing class I all dentin was removed but still there is a brown, leathery

✅✅
dentin and shallow of pulp is seen what to do?
A. Temporize and follow up
B. Leave the brown, leathery dentin and apply base and restoration

9-when doing an fpd tooth no. 47 is 30degree tilted what will happed after fpd?
A. Senstivety

✅✅
B. Irreversable pulpitis
C. Pulp exposure

10-degree of convrege of crown

‎ ‫ اتوقع انه كان يقصد‬taperness of crown
‫ال‬
A. 6
B. 10
✳️✳️Taper 6°
Converge 12

11-Force of probe on bone (in gram)

✅✅
A. 30
B. 50

✅✅
12-reconstruction of gingival contour best by?
A. CEJ
B. Inscial edge

13-pic of undercut gauge for survying ‫االداه‬

‎ ‫جاب صورتها وقال وش هذي‬

✳️✳️ -Carbon marker ▶️This is to determine the height of contour

 ▶️
- The undercut gauge comes in sizes to determine the depth of the undercut
-Wax trimmer Cut the exra wax

14-what is the advantage of luttice minor connector over gred minor connector??

✅✅
16-physician did not report corona pt. What infection protocol he violate?
Community privacy

✅✅
‎ 7-‫كم تدخل فرشاه االسنان بالجنجفا؟‬
1
0.5 to 1mm

18-Class III with retruded max. what to use?Face mask ✅✅

✳️✳️
High pull headgear 🏀
🏈
Occipital headgear
Long face-long vertical plane-patient with vertical skeletal excess- class II
Distal and intrusion movements
More for intrusion to molars and maxilla

🏀
🏈
Cervical headgear or straight pull head gear
Short face - short vertival plane-class II deep bite
Distal movement and extrusion of molars

🏀
🏈
Combined head gear(highpull+cervical)
Upper and lower facial height are normal-average vertical plane- with class II
Pure distal movement

🏀
🏈
Reversible head gear - face mask-
Class III
Advancement of maxilla

🏀
🏈 deficient maxilla classIII
Chin cup
For prognathic mandible with
‫يوقف الماندبل ع بال ينمو الماكزال‬

✅✅
19-ClassII with retruded man. what to use?

👉🏻
Functional appliance
Head gear

👉🏻
If the maxillary excess growth
Function appliance enahce mandible growth

✅✅
20-Biological width is
2mm interproximal
3mm interproximal

21-streptoccus best place where?

A. Interproximal
 ✅✅
B. Pit and fissure

22-More polymerization shrinkage in

A. MOD

✅✅
B. MO
C. Class I
 ‫️✳️✳‬
‫ببساطه كل ما زاد عدد األسطح المحيطه بالحشوه كل ما زادت المقاومه بإتجاه مركز الحشوه ولهذا أكثر‬
‫فتحة تسوس فيها جدران تحيط بالحشوه هي ‪class 1‬هذا يفيدنا في كيفيه تحاشي التقلص عند تطبيق الحشوات‬
‫بمعنى عشان نحط الحشوه ونقلل من تقلصها وتكون ميكروليكج حولها نطبق الحشوات كل كاسب لحاله ونصلب‬
‫وهذا وأكثر شي ممكن نعمله هو كسبين في كل مره‬

‫?‪23-Advantage of opaque fissure sealant‬‬

24-bacteria in agg. Periodontitis
A. Bacteriod
B. Actinobacillus

Actinobacillus actinomycetum comitans ✅✅

25-pt with diabetes and hypertesntion what retraction cord?

✅✅
A. Elctrosurgery
B. Alumenumchloride
C. No epinephrine
26-Unilatral cross bite tx ?
A simple way is to treat a true unilateral crossbite is to use a removable
appliance incorporated with finger springs. Alternatively, a removable appliance
with a jackscrew, sectioned asymmetrically, can be used. An alternative
treatment is to use fixed lingual maxillary expansion appliances.

27. Higher posterior cusp with?

✅✅
A. Horizontal overlap of anterior teeth
B. Vertical overlap of anterior teeth
‫فاألسنان ‪ over jet‬الهورزنتل أوفر الب معنا بروز األسنان األماميه للفك العلوي علي الفك السفلي الي هو ال**‬
‫األماميه مافيها أسنان مرتفعه وأسنان نازله االسنان كلها على نفس المستوي‬
‫الجواب الثاني الي هو الفرتكل افر الب يعني إنه عندنا األسنان األماميه للفك العلوي مرتفعه عن األسنان السفليه‬
‫فلكاسبات المرتفعه في شكل خط األطباق هي األضراس الخلفيه وعليه فالجواب ‪ open bite‬للفك السفلي يعني‬
‫الثاني هو الصحيح‬

‫ناسيه االختيارات والسيناريو بالضبط بس الجواب ‪28. how to get freeway space‬‬
‫‪Subtract occluding from resting‬‬

‫️✳️✳‬
‫‪ m‬نطلب يلفظ حرف‬
‫وناخد نقطة من مقدمة األنف‬
‫ونقطة بوسط المينتال‬
‫ونقيسها وننقص ‪ ٤-٣‬مم منها‬

‫?‪29. small class V restore with‬‬

‫‪A. hybird‬‬

‫✅✅‬
‫‪B. nano‬‬
‫‪C. flowable‬‬

‫?‪30. Largest fillers in‬‬

‫‪A. hybird‬‬
B. flowable

✅✅
C. micro
D. macro

✅✅
31. veracity is?
Truthfullness

✅✅
32. non-maleficence is?
No harm

33. confidentily ‫وش الشي اللي ضد‬

‎ ‫ناسيه صيغه السؤال بالضبط واالختيارات ماني متاكده منها‬
‫نصا‬
A. Send pt information through email

✅✅
B. Close computor after finishing
C. Personal information in consent
**
‫ اإلجابه‬c
‫المعنى عكس الموثوق‬
‫اإلجابه الثالثه هي التوثيق أي التأكد من صحة أو تصويب‬

34. which is considered “semi-critical infection”?

✅✅
A. Wall floor dental unit chair bench
B. Dental unit part used intraoral
C. Instrument used
35. pic and asked what type of cleft?
Bilatral cleft lip and palate ..
 ✅✅
36. tissue brone appliance?
Haas
** Tissue borne appliances allow force to be applied directly to the tissue
The most common type is HAAS

✅✅
37. luting gic what type?
Type I

38. child defective behavior what to do?

✅✅
39. what will happen with sinus lifting?
Schneider's membrane exposure

**Schneiderian membrane is the membranous lining of the maxillary sinus cavity.

 ✅✅
40. In Loe and Silness gingivitis score if spontanous bleeding?
3

✅✅
41. Distal of molar currette?
13-14
42. Missing max. insicors and left max. 2nd premolar is going to be extracted

✅✅
what kennedy classification?
Class III Modification I

43. Most common AB cause diahrrea

✅✅
A. Augmentin
B. Clindamaysin
C. Azithromycin

44. probe pic what is the probe name?

William
 ✅✅
45. probe have reading 1 2 3 5 7 8 ?
William

✅✅
46. srilanka study moderate?
81%
‫‪ Carranza‬هذي الدراسة موجودة بكتاب‬

‫🏻👉‬
‫‪catogery‬النتيجة كانت ‪3‬‬
‫‪8%‬‬
 👉🏻
‫ حصل معهم‬rapid progression of periodontal disseas

👉🏻
81% moderate progression periodontal disease.
11% minimal or no progression of destructive dieses
‫ف بالسوال الزم يحدد ال‬result severity
81 ‫اذا ماحدد والسوال نقل كذا صح اختاري النتيجة االكثر‬٪

✅✅
47. peg shaped latral what stage the defect?
Morphodefferntiation

48- house classification defintion of hysterical?

✅✅
49. inject heat gutta percha?
Obtura
 ✅✅
50. Root fracture, apical third splint for how long?
4 weaks
**apical and middle 4 weeks
coronal 4 months
 ‫💕‬
‫🏾🙏‬
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ فبراير‬٨-٧ ‫مناقشة‬

1. Dental caries excavation for amalgam restoration done. 2mm of dentin is left.

✅✅
What is the choice of base ?
• No base
• Resin modified gic
• Lining with caoh
• Zinc phosphate
2. Female pt. with burning sensation of multiple sites in mucosa. (With picture)
Investigation of choice:

✅✅
• Incisional biopsy
• CBC

3. Female pt 34 yo on prednisolone medication and otherwise healthy has to

undergo extraction.

✅✅
• Same dose
• Double the dose
• 25mg added
• 50mg added

4. An OPG showing a cyst irt 3rd quadrant close to the lower border of the
mandible in assocaiation with an impacted 38. But the patient presented to the
dentist with pain on lower molar on the 4th quadrant which shows acute
irreversible pulpitis and requires rct. The 4th qaudrant also shows a deep

✅✅
horizontally impacted 48.
• Proceed with rct
• Inform the pt about the lesion
• Surgical extraction of 48

5. Local anesthesia infiltration least effective in:

✅✅
• Ulceration
• Acute periapical infection
• Chronic periapical infection
• Gingivitis

✅✅
6. Type of hand instrument used to clean distal root surface of tooth no: 3:
• Gracey currette 13/14
• Gracey currette 11/12
• Sickle scaler
7. Type of periodontal probe with round ball tip :
• Who ✅✅
• Williams

8. Child with trauma of upper primary incisors( radiograph image shows fracture

✅✅
of both 51 61 at the junction of middle and apical third). Treatment required:
• Extraction of coronal segements and leave the apical segments
• Fixation and splint
• Extraction of coronal segemnts along with apical root segments

9. A dentist who has just started his practice( passed out from college) gets a
patient with pain on a conventional mandibular impacted tooth. Inspite of having
nil or less skills in minor oral surgery, he extracts the tooth completely, but causes
lingual nerve injury. What can be best termed the dentist based on ethics:
• negligence

✅✅
• Surgical complication
• Malpractice

10. Intra oral Picture of 38 with

✅✅
pericoronitis. Best treatment for acute symptomatic relief:
• Operculectomy
• Extraction of 38
• Extraction of 28
• Apical placement of flap

11. Female patient on bisphosphonates with carious teeth irt 3 mandibular

posteriors and 2 maxillary posteriors.
• Extract all teeth at once

✅✅
• Extract 1 tooth per visit in 2 weeks interval
• Extract teeth in one quadrant per visit

✅✅
12. Most commonly missed out canal in mandibular central incisors
• Lingual
• Buccal

13. Least known pathway of communication between pulp and periodontal

ligament
• Lateral canals

✅✅
• Apical foramen
• Vertical root fracture

14. Muscle in action or affected when a patient with pain while protrusion when

✅✅
dentist pushes chin with tip of finger
• Inferior part of lateral pterygoid
• Medial pterygoid
• Masseter

✳️✳️15. Most difficult part of the teeth to be cleaned for a patient on periodontal
• Max premolars✳️✳️
maintanence therapy

• Max anteriors
• Mand anteriors
• Mand premolars

✳️✳️16. While arranging missing teeth for a prosthesis irt 11 21 , the tip of max.
anteriors should be parallel to
• upper labial arch
• Lower labial arch
• Upper gingival margin
• Lower gingival margin

17. Question on metal cast partial denture. Patient having injury due to what

✳️✳️
structural problem of the framework?
Clasp

18. Rubber dam clamp keeps coming out after repititive placement. Reason:
• Holes placed closely

✅✅
• Dullness of clamp
• Improper size selction of clamp

19. Pt has pain on multiple carious posteriors on 1st and 4th quadrant. Unable to
localize the pain. Best way
• Cold test

✅✅
• Electric
• Anesthesia

✅
22.cross section of h file
• Round
• Triangle
• Square
24- Patient come with active HBV and injury occured during injection what to do?
A/refer patient to physician
B/pressing on injury
C/scrub injury and make blood come
out
D/ Rinse wound under running water ✅✅
✅✅
25. Max dose of epinephrine that can be administered in a cardiac patient
0.04

26. radiograph of underobturated rct irt 45. Treatment :

• Extraction

✅✅
• Surgical endodontic treatment
• Non surgical endo retreatment

27. Cbct image of tooth no 37 (superior view) showing bone loss 3mm diameter
from distal margin extending medially, lingually and distally. No of walls involved
in this bone wall defect
• 1 wall
• 4 wall

✅✅
• 2 wall
• 3 wall

✅✅
28. Intraoral picture of attrited mandibular incisors.
• Attrition
• Abrasion
• Erosion
30. A newly passed out dentist is visited by his relative with a missing tooth irt 22
with good oral hygiene and is young too. Upon examination dentist understands
that an implant would be the best option. But he has no prior training in implant.
What should he do ?
• Fpd from 21 to 23
• Watch a quick implant procedure video on youtube and proceed with implant

✅✅
placement
• Refer to a specialist

✅✅
31. Pink tooth of mummery refers to which of these
• Internal resorption
• Extrnal resorption

✅✅
32. Necrosis of dental pulp is most likely to happen in
• Avulsion
• Intrusion
• Extrusion
• Subluxation

33. A geriatric pt presents to a prosthodontist for new dentures. Upon history

taking he reveals he had dentures done 3 times in the bpast two years from
different dentists. The dentures were xamined and checked, and found to be
satisfactory. Behavior
• Philosphical

✅✅
• Exacting
• Hysterical
• Absolute

34. Radiograph of a mandibular premolar with a radioopaque restoration placed

close to the pulp. Pt having pain with top and lingering

✅✳️
• Chronic apical periodontitis
• Symptomatic, Acute apical periodontitis
• Asymptomatic, chronic apical periodontitis
 ✅✅
35. Child of 11 years presents with traumatic fracture of 24. Treatment
• Apexification
• Rct
• Extraction
• Surgical endo

36. Young pt undergoing ortho treatment with ceramic brackets and decreased

✅✅
overjet. Pt presents with v shaped (abrasion) on upper anteriors. Cause
• Ceramic brackets
• Traumatic bite
• Stainless steel wire
• Ceramic wire

💕
🙏🏾🙏🏾
Dr.Afnan
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬٩ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
1-Type of gypsum in cast —-type
III

2-alginate —imbibition ✅✅

✅✅
3-treatment of furcation I and II
SRP + tunul preparation

✳✳4-sandblasting with 50 almunia dust

 ✅✅
5-pulp floor— resistance form
6-gates gliden 3= 90 mm file✅✅

✅✅
7-muscle palpate extra-oral by on ramus-masseter muscle

8-metronidazole action -DNA inhibitor ✅✅

**Mechanism of Action
Metronidazole diffuses into the organism, inhibits protein synthesis by interacting
with DNA and causing a loss of helical DNA structure and strand breakage.
Therefore, it causes cell death in susceptible organisms.

9-drug cause pseudomembranous colitis:clindamycin ✅

10-instrument the measure cavo-surface
angle of amalgam ::
2 periodontal probe ✅✅

✳✳11-instrument for class II amalgam for facial and lingual surface

**‫ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ ﺳﺆال ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻛﺪا‬

‫ﻋﺎﻃﯿﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات ادوات‬
Cheisel hatchet gingival marig trimmer
‫ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﻗﺼﺪو ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺴﺆال‬
 ✅✅
12-operative instrument with blade parallel with handle? Enamel hatchet
 ✅
13-The doctor conduct should be -
Ethical-moral –professionalisms✳

14- type I GIC -luting ✅✅

15-instrument measure metal thickness -iwanson caliper ✅✅

********************

✅✅
1. What is LARA
Ans: as low as reasonably achievable

ALARA had been used to designate the optimization of x-ray doses. Minimize the
radiation to patient and surroundings to a level as low as reasonablly achievable

3. Garre’s osteomylitis

✅✅Garre's sclerosing osteomyelitis is a type of chronic osteomyelitis also

called periostitis ossificans and Garré's sclerosing osteomyelitis. It is a rare
disease. It mainly affects children and young adults. It is associated with a low
grade infection, which may be due to dental caries (cavities in the teeth).

✳✳4. A lot of ortho cases asking about appliances

✅✅
5. Distance between film and patient in cephalometric?

Dr & radiographic source......2m or 6 feets

pt. & radiographic source.......152 cm or 5 feets

pt. & film ......15 cm

135-90 ...... ‫اﻟﺰاوﯾﺔ‬

✳✳6. 11 ys old with pitting on in first molars and ( some anomaly ) in other
permanent teeth

✅✅
7. Nikolsky sign in?
Phimgus valguris

**Negative in pemphigoid

✳✳8. What cause increased salivation in diabetic pt taken metformin and is

hypertensive taking ace inhibitors

✅✅
9. Diabetic pt has
Ectodermal dysplasia is associated with? ‫ ﺣﻠﯿﺘﻪ‬missing teeth

10. Pt came for endo and x ray shows radioluscent lesion around the impacted

✅✅
lower third what would you do?
Inform the pt about it
Discuss that it needs to be removed
Treat endo only

✅✅
11. Dark discolored minor gland in smoker pt indicates?? ‫ ﺣﻠﯿﺘﻪ‬stomatitis
nicotina
 ✅✅
12. Mid root fracture for how long will splint?
4 week

13. Pressure in autoclave when temperature reaches 121 degree??

Autoclave: uses steam under pressure ✅✅

✅✅✅✅✅
Note::

❄Autoclave Cycles

To be effective, the autoclave must reach and maintain a temperature of 121° C

for at least 30 minutes by using saturatedsteam under at least 15 psi of pressure.
Increased cycle time may be necessary depending upon the make-up and
volume of the load

14. Which of the following has negative rake angle

File
Reamer
Lentulo spiral
‫ﻧﺴﯿﺖ اﻻﺧﯿﺮ‬

✅✅✅
K file = negative rake angle
H file = positive rake angle

Dr.Afnan 💕
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬/١٠ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
1- Pt with von willebrand disease wants to do frenectomy:
laser frenectomy
or surgical frenectomy

2. Furcation class 4 treatment the pt won’t extract his teeth: tunnel-

✅✅
hemisection-root amputation -furcationplasty
3. piezoelectric ultrasonic pattern: ‫ ﻣﺎﻛﺎن ﺿﻤﻦ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات‬liner.. Back and fourth

✅✅
Elliptical
✳✳4. case about class 2 composite and 1.5 marginal gingiva what will you do:
leave the margin and do resto - remove it

5. best prognosis of root fracture:

✅✅
cervical
apical
coronal

✅✅
6. type of rotary system use reciprocation : ‫اﺳﻤﺎء ﻏﺮﯾﺒﺔ ﺑﺲ ﺣﻠﯿﺘﻮ‬
waveOne
 ✅✅
7. radiograph to check bone level:
1.panorama/
2.panorama and horizontal bite wing

8. Q about matrix in class 2, after wedge placement you found there is gab

✅✅
between adjacent tooth what to do:
1.Remove matrix and replace it before resto placement
2.Continue restoration and filling the space of gap
3.Do resto to the adjacent tooth also

✅✅
9. torus palatine :
U shape and anterior posterior plate

✅✅
10. reciprocal arm function:
stability of minor connector
-stability of major connector
11. case of upper complete denture it was placed superior and protruded what

✅✅
letters will be affected:
1-v f
2-th s
‫ﻧﺴﯿﺖ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات‬

12. mobile nasal bridge and fracture around orbit

✅✅
Le fort 1
- le fort 2
- zygomatico maxillary fracture

✳✳13. during border molding lingual of mandible, name dislocating muscles :

5-4 ‫ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات ﺗﻠﺨﺒﻂ وﻛﻞ ﺧﯿﺎر ﻓﯿﻪ‬muscles

14. Pt has skeletal class iii will do complete denture how to arrange teeth:
More Lingually places -

✅✅
Lower teeth smaller -
upper teeth will be larger than normal
***
‫ اﺻﺢ‬c ‫ﻛﻞ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات ﺻﺤﯿﺤﺔ ﻟﻜﻦ‬

?Pt felt sudden pain you splayed the floor of the mouth what will the spray do .15
✅✅ Xerostomia- taste ulteration
🔽🔽‫ﺳﺆال ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬
###

Long case of angina and said Pt take spray under to tongue

What will happen
Xerostomia
✳✳Mitalic test
Leconid reaction

(color code of cartilage (mepivacaine and lidocaine 2% .17 - .16

✅Lidocaine 2% red
✅Mepivacaine 2% brown
 ✳✳18.mucous
pimphigoid occurr where mostly
Buccal m- floor - tongue -gingiva
19. panorama has fracture of mandible near premolars type of fracture:
Compound - simple fracture -
✳✳21. Pt has controlled hypertension (using one medication only Lisinopril) why
hypotension occurred:
Not using the medication
Overuse of medication ✳
Hypoglycemia ✳
Hyperglycemia

✳✳22. composition of titanium:

‫ ﻣﺎذﻛﺮ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات ﺑﺲ‬palladium

💡💡Titanium alloy in implant compost of..

📍6to 8%of aluminum
📍0.25 %of iron
📍and 0.2%of O2
📍The remaining is titanium..
🦋Grade V titanium alloy
23. lithium di silicate which cement used
RMGI
- GIC
-resin ✅✅
Dr.Afnan 💕
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٢-١١ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬/١١

24. 4 year old child swallowed 50mg fluoride what to do

Reassure mother and follow up

✅✅
Give him milk and Take him to ER
Take immediately to ER

💡Antidotes
📍If <5mg F/kg body weight—large volume of milk.
📍If >5mg F/kg body weight—refer to hospital quickly for gastric lavage.
📍If any delay give intra-venous (IV) calcium gluconate and an emetic..

✅✅
25. Pt just did amalgam restoration, what test will still be affected?
Cold-
hot -
EPT

✅✅
26. onion skin appearance?
Ewing sarcoma
 ✅✅✅
27. before giving the impression to the lab what will you do :
Spray with glutaraldahyde
 ✅✅
28. blue waste bag in the clinic for what?
Broken Glass

✳✳29-‫ﻓﻲ ﺳﺆال ﻋﻦ ال‬water flow ‫او ﺷﻲ زي ﻛﺪا‬

1500-2000 or 1000-1500
30. After stating the RCT you found that the canals are calcified what should the
dentist do :
A. Tell the pt the case needs endodontist and ask her if she wants you to

✅✅
continue
B. Refer immediately to endodontist
31. Pt came after 24 H or immediate denture placement and couldn’t insert the
denture why?

✅✅
A. Because of the resorption after surgery and ridge changes
B. the pt needs instructions how to insert denture

✳✳32. complete denture upper and lower pt came with erythema in ridge whats
the cause ?
A.Low VD
B. Teeth placed lingually

✅
C. Cusp Interference
D. Lateral interference ✳

✅✅
33. material cause toxicity?
Formacresol
or Ferric
✳✳34. Pt complaining of tooth shape it looks bigger than other teeth and all
teeth present 32
Gemination or fusion
‫** ﺻﻮرة اﻻﺷﻌﺔ ﺗﻮﺿﺢ‬

-Endo treated tooth, need to build a composite core. had zinc oxide as
temporary, dentist removed the temporary then used a diamond bur on the
internal walls, why?
‫ اﻟﺠﻮاب اﻟﻤﻔﺮوض‬for the micro mechanical retention

✅✅
. ‫ ﺑﺲ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﺑﯿﻦ اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات‬.
- interfere with micro mechanical retention
- Increase the resistance
 ‫✅✅‬
‫?‪-In cervical of tooth‬‬

‫‪👉👉👉 value‬‬
‫‪More chroma‬‬
‫‪Dark only or too dark‬‬

‫‪dark incisal edge or cervical 👉👉👉 chroma‬‬

‫)‪ (HUE‬اﻻﻟﻮان اﻻﺳﺎﺳﯿﺔ **‬

‫‪A.B.C.D‬‬
‫ﯾﻨﺪرج ﺗﺤﺖ ﻛﻞ ﺣﺮف ارﺑﻌﺔ درﺟﺎت‬

‫‪ A‬ﻋﻨﺪﻧﺎ ﻣﺜﻼ👈‬
‫‪A1‬‬
‫‪A2‬‬
‫‪A3‬‬
‫‪A4‬‬

‫) ‪ (chroma‬وال )‪ (value‬وﻫﺬي اﻟﺪرﺟﺎت ﺗﺨﺘﻠﻒ ﺑﺎﺧﺘﻼف ال‬

‫‪ A1‬ﻣﺜﻼ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺪرﺟﺔ‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮن ﯾﻜﻮن ﻓﺎﺗﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه‬
‫*‪*incrase value ,decrease chroma‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه اﻟﻠﻮن ﻓﺎﺗﺢ ﻻن اﻟﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﻗﻠﯿﻞ‬

‫‪ A4‬ﻃﯿﺐ ﻟﻤﺎ ﻧﻮﺻﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ‬

‫اﯾﺶ ﺑﯿﺼﯿﺮ ؟‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮن ﻏﺎﻣﻖ واﻟﺴﺒﺐ‬

‫*‪*decrease value , increase chroma‬‬

‫اﻟﻠﻮن ﺻﺎر ﻏﺎﻣﻖ ﻻن اﻟﺘﺸﺒﻊ ﺑﺎﻟﻠﻮن زاد‬

‫وﻫﻜﺬا ﺑﻘﯿﺔ اﻻﻟﻮان‬

 ✅✅
-cells in initial gingivitis?
Neutrophils

✅✅
- inorganic structure of dentine?
A. hydroxyapatite
B. Collagen

- long case and key word is rasberry ?

Papillary hyperplasia ✅✅
- autoclave 121 how much pressure?

✅✅
A. 5
B. 15
C. 10

✳✳- gummy smile more than 8mm what to do?

‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬/١٢ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
1-varnish fluride
Sodium fluride 5%

✅✅
2. patient with pain in chest , unresolved by nitru after 15 minut :
Mi
Unstable angina

3- patint unconscious after give IAN block immediately :

Syncope
 ✅✅
Intravascular injection
✳✳4- patient DM take (sulfo…..) (I don’t remember the drug) and doctor give
ibuprofen , at night patient contact doctor ( patent have tachycardia , sweating
….)
What is the cause :
Druge interaction
Ketoacidosis
Bleeding problem

✅
** diabetic pt. Should not take ibuprofen

✳✳5- patent with multiple missing and wear of the remining , and u will planning
for occ :

✅
Semi adjustable articulator
Fully adjustable articulator

✳✳6- patient came with irreversible pulpitis , ( give me panorama with large
lesion in 37 and 38 region , and have impacted third ) :

✅
Treat endo only
Tell patient about the lesion
Discusses to extract impacted third molar

✅✅
7- when accure fluorosis to permanent teeth : ( give me number of month )??
Dental fluorosis occurs while the permanent teeth are developing, before
they have erupted. The greatest risk is from birth to 8, particularly between 15
and 30 months. Fluoride intake after the age of 8 cannot cause fluorosis. Dental
fluorosis is less prevalent in the primary teeth than in permanent dentition

8- which is not use of explorer:

✅✅
Check the teeth after complete prep
Remove of decalcification enamel
Check the catch in fissure

✳✳9- 40 years , have stained fissure , no soft caries :

✅✅
No treatment
Pit and fissure sealant
Preventive resin

✅✅
10- name of coupling agent used with composite :
Methylpropyle methyle saline

✳✳11- in try in there is spece in occ between teeth in one side :

Clinical remounting
Rebase upper
Remake lower
‫** اﻟﺴﺆال ﻧﺎﻗﺺ ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻣﺎت‬

12- doctor don’t have experience in surgical extraction , he do surgical extraction

and do injury to nerve :

✅✅
Normal complication
Malpractice
Neglected

✅✅
13 – teeth have two root :
Maxillary first premolar

14 – calcified canal :

✅✅
Remear
K file
H file
15 – advantage of composite resin over acrylic resin :

✅✅
Lower solubility
Lower polymerizations shrinkage

✅✅
16 – ( butterfly) in face :
Systimic Lupus erythema
17 – smoker patient have grayish white in palate with red

✅✅
Reassure
**
‫ع ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺤﺠﻢ واذا اﻟﺒﯿﺸﻨﺖ ﺗﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺘﺪﺧﯿﻦ ﻣﺎﯾﺤﺘﺎج ﻋﻼج وﺧﻼص ﺣﺘﺮوح ﺑﺲ اذا اﺳﺘﻤﺮ ال‬legion ‫ﺣﯿﺰﯾﺪ‬
‫ وﺣﯿﺤﺘﺎﺟﻮ ﯾﻌﻤﻠﻮ‬biobsy

✅✅
18 – patient came at the day of dialysis and have fatigue , risk for :
Uremic stomatitis
 ✅✅
19- rubber dam with closed hole :
Stretch and leakage

**If to far▶ wirnkles

20 – patent take inhalator steroid came after 2 month with burning sensation (

✅✅
first two month every thing ok ) :
Candida
Allergy
21- ( give me x ray for tooth, I see the tooth have deep chamber in short root

✅✅
something like( taurodontism) , no pain , need rct :
Refer to endodontists
Start rct
Complete rct

✅✅
22-teeth with trauma ( the description that involved enamel , dentine , pulp )
Complicated fracture

✅✅
23- complete denture with sever ridge resorption :
Monoplat
Lingualized
Balanced

✅✅
24 – internal root resorption :
RCT
 ✅✅
25 – ALARA :
As low as reasonably achichvable
As low as reasonably available

** ALARA had been used to designate the optimization of x-ray doses. Minimize
the radiation to patient and surroundings to a level as low as reasonablly
achievable

26 – bacteria with necrotic pulp :

✅✅
Aerobic
Anaerobic

✅✅
27 – patient eat popcorn in cinema
Impaction for foreign body

28- pic for CBCT , and impact canine :

Buccally impacted
Palatlly impacted

✳✳‫ع ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺼﻮرة‬

✳✳29 – most commend donor site for soft tissue augmentation :

✅✅
molar premolar area of palate
rugea area of palate

✅✅
30 – major connector should be :
Stiffens
Elasticity
Flexible

31 : patient complete denture , doctor make small rounded lateral incisor :

Feminine ✅✅

✅✅
32- function of reciprocal arm :
Resist the action of retentive arm
33- when u do overfill with ZOE in pulpectomy :
 ✅✅✅
Discolor for primary
Delay in dissolve

✅✅
34 – most common lesion in periapical seen in histopathology :
Granuloma
Abscess

Cyst
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬ ‫💕‬
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٣ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
1 . Pic of melamoma 2mm. Assymptomatic And asking about mangment
A follow up
B local corticosteroids
C. NSAIDs

✅✅
2. pic of implant abutment
3. type of clamp used with partially erupted 8?

✅✅
A 212
b 14 A.
C W8
 ✅✅
4. Pic of hemorigica bulosa
 ✅✅
5. test of Tb
A acid test (acid fast test)
B methelene blue
‫ﻣﺶ ﻓﺎﻛﺮه اﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ‬

✅✅
6. patient has dry mouth + decreased in schimmer test =
Sjogren symdrome

✅✅
7. type of fluoride used with varnish 5 soudium floride
8 . Nurse injured herself during handling of scalpal and need 15 days to recover
from the infection what should the nurse do ?
A. come to the work the next day
B. tell the other members that the doctor is careless

✅✅
C. not come to the work 14 day
D. tell the manager of the clinic about this injury

9. patient has epilepsy and start the attack in the clinic what should I give the

✅✅
patient
A diazipam
B mezadipine ‫وﺣﺎﺟﺎت ﺗﺎﻧﯿﻪ اﻧﺘﯿﺒﺎﯾﻮﺗﻚ‬
✳✳10. patient has pocket 4-5mm and class 2 furcation involvment in molar
teeth make deep srp then came after 2 days has swelling and pain why?
A. slight fragment of calculus fall into deep pocket and cause this reaction
B. improper scalling and root planning

11. type of antibiotic used with patient has risk to endocarditis but had allergy to
amoxacillin =

✅✅
erythromycin
climdamycin

✅✅
12. patient after taking the medication develop psoudomemberanous colitis and
diarrhia ? = clindamycin

✅✅
13. dose of the amoxacillin to patient has risk of endocarditis ?
2g one hr before procedure

✅✅
14. material can be poured after 1 week ?
Pvs (Polyvinyl siloxane)
polyether
reversible hydrocolloids

15. patient has latex allergy which material should we use ?

✅✅
Alternative
Vinyl and nitrile - synthetic polymers

16. definition of varacity and autonomy

✅✅
Veracity .. truthfulness
Autonomy .. patients right to know his treatment and decide
 ✅✅
17. increase mobility of implant with time
Peri implantitis
Or fractured implant
Or fractured screw

✅✅
18. minimum space between tooth and implant =1.5 mm

19. Pic of nasopalatine anathesia

20. how to fill the internal resorption?
Lateral compaction
 ✅✅
heat master cone then lateral compaction
thermoplastisized

✅✅
21. magnitostrictive scaler =
Magnetostrictive = elliptical
** Piezoelectric =linear
✳✳22. pic of instrument used during seating of band in space maintainer asking
about its use.

For initial seating

or to adjust seating
or ask the pt to bite on it in initial seatin or ask to bite during finishing the seating
23. patient has amalgum resto. Highly polished and not deep class 1 and the
occlusion ‫ﻛﻮﯾﺲ واﺗﺎﻛﺪ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﻗﺒﻞ ﻣﺎ ﯾﻤﺸﻲ اﻟﺒﯿﺸﻨﺖ‬
‫ ﺑﻌﺪ ﯾﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﺟﺎ اﻟﺒﯿﺸﻨﺖ‬with fractured cusp why?

✅✅
Due to high collusion
Or dueto un supported cusp

✅✅
24. the best finish line not affecting biological width is?
supragingival
or sub-gingival
or shoulder
25. Incisal reduction in pfm is 2 mm✅✅
26. number of guttapercha used for tracing sinus tract
5
or 10
or 20

or 30 GP ✅✅
27. lingual bar is placed .... under the gingival margin 2 or6. Or 8 or 0.5 mm

✅✅4 mm in lingual mandibular

6mm in maxilla
 ✅✅
28. definition of strength and ductility

29. patient take bisphosphonate and came after 2month of exo with exposed

✅✅
bone no pus or discharge or pain ttt =
good oral hygiene and chx mouth wash
or antibiotic
or reassure patient only
 ✅✅
30. Treatment of nug?
SRP.mouth wash and antibiotic
‫ اول ﺧﻄﻮه ﻟﻌﻼج‬NUG
Remove pseudomembrane using cotton pellet dipped in chlorhexidine

Provide patient with specific oral hygiene instructions to use a

prescription antibacterial mouthwash: chlorhexidine 0.12% twice daily

Prescribe antibiotics if patient is immunocompromised (e.g., AIDS, leukemia,

cyclic neutropenia) or in case of systemic involvement like fever, malaise and
lymphadenopathy

✅✅
31. The use of explorer
One of the uses and mainly
Caries detection or cavities

🔝
Also for refining anatomy of uncured composite increments
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻤﺮﺟﻊ‬
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬ ‫💕‬
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٤ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
1. ‫ دﻛﺎﺗﺮه ﻫﻮ ال‬waterthereshold. Of water line. ‫ﻛﺎم‬
500
1000-1500
1500-2000
 ✅✅
2. 86- bacteria in water line
Ligunella
There was no aurgenosa

✅✅
87- maximum colony in water
>500

✅✅
3. ➡waterline ( Stagnating area 20/30seconds

✅✅
4. most common lesion in periapical seen in histopathology :
Granuloma
Abscess
Cyst

5. Space from labial surface to incisive papilla ..(of central)

1-2

✅✅
4-3
6-8
6. Tooth 47 tillted mesia
46 missing
45 normal
‫ ﺣﻨﺴﻮي ﺑﺮﺑﺮﯾﺸﻦ وﻻزم ﻧﺼﻠﺢ‬insertion path
‫اﻟﺨﯿﺎرات ﻛﺎﻧﺖ‬
‫اﻧﻮ اﻟﺮدﻛﺸﻦ ﻟﻠﺴﻔﻦ ﻓﻲ اﻟﻤﯿﺰﯾﺎل اﻛﺘﺮ واﻟﺒﺎﻗﻲ ﻋﺎدي‬
‫ وﻻﻧﺴﺘﺨﺪم‬non regid connectornon

non rigid connector ✅

**Non-Rigid Connectors
These connectors are indicated in cases where a
single path of insertion cannot be achieved due
non-parallel abutments.
[Cross-pin and Wing Connectors
They are similar to split pontic connectors. It can
be used for tilted abutments. A wing is attached
to the distal retainer. The wing should be fabri-
cated such that it aligns with the long axis of the
mesial abutment. The wing along with the distal

👆🏾👆🏾 👆🏾
retainer is termed as the retainer wing componen]
This is type of non rigid
 ✅✅
7. ‫ ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﻋﻨﺪ ​ه‬renal failure ‫ اﯾﻪ‬contra indicated ‫ ﻣﻌﺎه ﻣﻦ اﻻﺧﺘﯿﺎرات‬varnish Fluoride

8. Hawley retainer??

✅✅
help to keep teeth after ortho treatment in place in order to keep the high quality
work that has been done ّ
 ✅✅
9. Dawon syndrom fluoride
22.6 % sodium fluoride

10. What should a Class IV composite resin restoration be initially finished with?

✅✅
A. Mounted stone
B- 12-bladed carbide bur
C. Coarse diamond point (stone) o
D. Number 330 tungsten carbide bur
 ✅✅
11. Cervicle caries .. flowable compsire

12. Cavosurface angle of composite >90 ✅✅

Right angle

✅✅
Flat
Round
13. Coupling agent of compsit??
Metha acryloxy propyl trimetheaxy silane (GMMA -BPS) ✅✅
14. Cement that used with fiber post : Resin cement ✅✅

15. Question about Perio. Classification

16. Question about Kindy classification ‫ﻛﺘﯿﺮ ﺑﺲ ﺳﻬﻞ وواﺿﺢ‬

17. Every thing about rest

Types. Function. Location
Read about
✳✳✳

18. Sna
Snb
Anb
‫ﺷﻜﻞ ﻛﯿﺴﺎت‬

✅✅✅
Read about

** A-N-B Mean = 2*
ANB ↑ Skeletal Class II

👉
ANB ↓ Skeletal Class III
*S-N-A Mean=82*
SNA ↑ Protrusive Mx

👉
SNA ↓ Retrusive Mx
*S-N-B Mean= 80*
SNB ↑ Prognathic Mn
SNB ↓ Retrognathic Mn

✳✳19. Revers overjt 11 m = class 3

Ttt??
‫اﻟﺴﺆال ﻫﺬا ﻓﯿﻪ ﺧﯿﺎرات‬
Extraction 4s
Prognothic surgery

**there’s sufficient space and we need to do incisor retraction = reinforcing

incisor anchorage > to place active lingual root torque in incisors , if extraction
needed 2nd premolar or molar

20. Incisal angle in class 2 dev 1 or 2 ?? 110

١٠٢ ‫ﻛﺎﺗﺐ ﻓﻲ اﻟﺴﺆال اﻟﻨﻮرﻣﺎل‬
‫ ﯾﻌﻨﻲ زﯾﺎده ﻋﻦ اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﻲ‬١١٠ ‫وﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻤﺮﯾﺾ‬

22. Pemvigus histo patho

Pemvigoid?
Pemphigus vulgaris= C/F irregularly ulcerations floor of the mouth, buccal ,
gingival margin ttt= corticosteroids Or immunosuppressive medication (
azathioprine), bilateral

conjunctivitis. Nikolsky’s sign positive , histo > intraepithelial clefting above the

✅✅
basal + Immunofluorescence biopsy is positive
bullous pemphigoid = deep , Niklsky’s sign negative , Subepithelial clefting ,

23. Question about Lichen planus?

lichen planus ttt =
Reticular lichen planus > Antifungal therapy

✅✅✅
Erosive LP > Systemic corticosteroidsor topical (e.g., fluocinonide or clobetasol
gels) applied topically

✅✅‫ﯾﻌﻤﻞ رﯾﺒﻮرت وﯾﻐﺴﻞ ﺑﻤﻮﯾﻪ وﻛﻔﺮﻧﺞ وﻛﺪا‬

24. Question about needle stick?
25. Question about leukemia?
cose solu
Leukemia = Infection , Bleeding , Delayed healing, Mucositis - Extraction before 2
weeks of chemotherapy- platelet replacement may required (if platelet count is
<50,000/μL) , prophylactic antibiotics if WBC count is less than 2000/μL
WBCs count needed before period surgery = >2000
Normal WBC = 4,000 and 11,000 per microliter of blood.

✅✅
normal platelets = 150,000 to 400,000 platelets per microliter

✅✅
26. Anterior disc without reduction +Without cilicking
27. asthma

✅✅✅
High vault
Feature of asthmatic patient .. high vault i mean the palat like v

✅✅✅
28. X ray for impacted canine
Cbct

✅✅
X ray for bone as general
Panorama
29. Scarvy?
is a condition characterised by general weakness, anaemia, gingivitis (gum
disease), and skin haemorrhages caused by a prolonged deficiency of vitamin C

✅✅
(ascorbic acid) in the diet. Vitamin C plays a crucial role in the formation of
collagen, a major component of connective tissue

✅✅
30. Impression material used for final impression for implant?
- additional silicone

✅✅✅
31. Alginate if become moist or put in water:
Imbibition

32. Pt come with pain

On X-ray there is cyst. What to do?

✅✅✅
Treat tooth with pain
Inform pt about cyst

33. Question about Platysma muscle??

‫✅✅‬
‫ﻗﺎﻟﺖ ﺟﺎت ﻣﻨﻬﺎ اﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻛﻤﺎن رﻛﺰو ﻋﻠﯿﻬﺎ‪٣٤/‬‬
35. Question about Amalgam tattoo?
‫✅✅‬

‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬ ‫💕‬
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٥ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

➡ A 43-year-old pa.ent presented to the dental clinic with severe lingering pain
related to the mandibular right posterior teeth. The pain was tolerable un.l last
night, which was severe interfered with ileeungXlinically, all teeth were nega.ve
to percussion and palpa.on, periOdontally sound. The cold test revealed an
exaggerate lingering response in the rst molar. while a sharp momentary
response disappeared aLer s.ryulus removal on the second premolar and second
molar (see image) Which of the following treatments would resolve pa.e

✅✅
symptoms?
A RCT of the rst molar
B . RCT o f the second premolar
C . direct pulp capping of the rst molar
D . indirect pulp capping of the second molar

**Lingering for molar means irreversible pulpitis

Momentary means revirsible

✅✅
➡ Question about Violation of biological width?
The Term "Biologic Width"
If any restoration is placed too deep below the gum and more correctly, too close
to the bone, so that it "invades or violates" the biologic width, two possible
outcomes may occur. One, there may be loss of bone around a tooth. This is the
typical response seen in implant.

**Biological width should be 2 less than that would cause a problem

1mm for epithelial tissue
1mm for connective tissue

➡ question about Stafene bone defect??

is a cavity in the lingual side of the mandible in the vicinity of the mandibular
angle that is filled with salivary gland tissue, adipose tissue, lymphatic tissue, or

✅✅
other tissues. It is generally asymptomatic and is usually incidentally detected by
oral-maxillofacial radiography
➡ Question about leukemia?
Leukemia = Infection , Bleeding , Delayed healing, Mucositis - Extraction before 2
weeks of chemotherapy- platelet replacement may required (if platelet count is
<50,000/μL) , prophylactic antibiotics if WBC count is less than 2000/μL
WBCs count needed before period surgery = >2000

✅✅
Normal WBC = 4,000 and 11,000 per microliter of blood.
normal platelets = 150,000 to 400,000 platelets per microliter

➡ Pt pedo have impacted canine & max.def & crowddin

✅✅
First line of ttt?
Max.deff
skeletal problam‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮ ﻧﺒﺪا ﺑﺎل‬

➡ Question about recession or pocket or CAL!?? ✳✳

CAL .. from CEJ to base of pocket

Pocket .. from gingival margin to base of pokcet

➡ Initial stage l = PMN ✅✅

➡ question about occlusion or overhanging restoration or crown??!✳✳

➡ Overdenture
‫اﺳﺌﻠﻪ ﻛﺘﯿﺮ‬
‫اﻧﺪﻛﺎﯾﺸﻦ وﻛﻮﻧﺘﺮا اﻧﺪﻛﺎﯾﺸﻦ‬

**Implant supported
Min 2 mandible
Maxilla 3 to 4

Tooth supported
Ideal 4
**A..

💡 Fixed bridge
Maxilla – 6 implants
Mandible – 4 implants

💡 Overdenture
Maxilla – 4 implants
Mandible – 2 implants

💡Healing times
• in the mandible: 2-3 months
• in the maxilla: 4-6 months.

• if there are complications with implant treatment it is recommended that the

healing times should be lengthened to allow a better chance of osseointegration.
➡ Access cavity of upper
p.m??
Oval ✅✅

➡ patien has generalized bleeding on prob and localized 5 mm pockets

A. full mouth polishing
B. full mouth deep scaling

✅✅
C. deep scaling of bleeding sites and deepened sites
D.polishing of bleeding sites and deep scaling of deepened sites

➡ distance between free gingival margin and CEJ?

✳✳‫اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮرة ﺗﻘﻮل ﻣﻮ ﻣﺘﺬﻛﺮة اﻻﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﺲ ﻛﺎن ﻓﻲ اﻧﻮ ﻣﺘﻰ ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻲ‬
Gingival overgrowth or pocket- CAL

**If beyond CEJ add

Above cej subtrat

➡ Headgear : intermetant force ✅✅

➡ Peg shape tooth : morphodifferentiation ✅✅
🌸 amalgam ( any toxic material )— considering as Hazard waste
▶

🌸extracted tooth — should put it in medical/ dental waste (incinerated)

* unless theres amalgam — put it in fixure or special container ( non incinerated )

🌸infectious waste — blood , and sharp instrument

————————————————————
🌟 extracted teeth (infectious)
-For training:
amalgam>formalin
No amalgam>autoclave
-For disposal:
Amalagam > container labeled “recycle”
( biohazard waste )
No amalgam > container labeled “medical waste”

🌟
towel : hazard

🌟
pt vomit on the chair > follow instructions
pt vomit on the floor >intermediate
extracted tooth and pt. want to take it : nothing

👻vomit + blood : infectious

🍃Vomiting on the floor: intermediate level disinfection
🍃Towel used to clean vomiting: biohazards waste
🍃Vomiting is considered contaminated
🍃dental chair we use intermediate level disinfection in all situations.
🍃TB pt under treatment: we can work for him after 2wks from starting ttt
✅✅✅✅
✅ ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬

✅✅
➡ Which of the following conditions contra-indicate the use of lingual bar?
shallow vestibule

➡ 93. A patient presents with oral erythrema multiforme (EM) of the oral cavity
and reports that he usually gets 5-6 episodes per year. Each time EM presents a
couple of weeks after a recurrent herpes labialis episode and usually manages
the EM with topical steroids until the lesions resolve completely. He wishes to
know if there is anything else he can do to prevent the recurrent episodes.
Which of the following would be best continuous daily prophylactic management
to prevent future episodes?
A . topical steroids

✅✅
B.systemic steroids
C.valacyclovir therpy
D. diphenhydra Ine solution

➡ question about Sodium hypochlorite accident??

Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) extrusion beyond the apex, also known as “a
hypochlorite accident,” is a well-known complication that seldom occurs during

✅✅
root canal therapy. These “accidents” have been the subject of several case
reports published over the years.

** ttt. Saline irrigation+Reassure the patient + follow up

Immediate irrigation of canal with normal saline to dilute the sodium hypochlorite.
Let the bleeding response continue to flush the irritant out. Advice ice pack
compression for 24 hours (15 minutes interval) to minimize the swelling.
Recommend warm, moist compress after 24 hours (15 minutes interval) .

✅✅
➡ ‫??ﺟﺎ ﻣﺮﺗﯿﻦ‬
Pyogenic granuloma
➡ Naber probe

Used for furcation✅✅

➡ Amonia in renal pt?

In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) urinary excretion of ammonia

declines significantly in parallel with the fall in glomerular filtration rate (GFR).

✅✅
Both kidney and liver failure result in a significant increase in the breath ammonia
level.Saf

The kidneys contribute to acid-base homeostasis by net acid excretion which is

achieved by ammonia1 and titratable acid excretion and is decreased by
bicarbonate excretion.
 ✅✅
➡ question about Orange peel?
Stippling - signs of healthy gingiva
 ✅✅✅
➡ Mucositis -
by chemotherapy

✅✅
➡ question about Palm and thump
➡Question about Bioethics?
➡ anesthesia technique Akinosi Used with patients with limited mouth opening

✅✅
✅✅
➡ Prickle cell ‫ﻫﯿﺴﺘﻮﻟﻮﺟﻲ؟؟؟‬
➡ Bilatral balanced occlusion ??? ✅✅

✅✅✅
➡ Magnetostrictive = elliptical Piezoelectric =linear
➡ Styloid legament
 ✅✅✅
The stylohyoid ligament is a ligament that connects the hyoid bone to the
temporal styloid process (of the temporal bone of the skull).

➡ question about peri-implantitis

inflammation of the gum and the bone structure around a dental implant. Chronic
inflammation causes bone loss, which can lead to a loose implant that eventually
could fall out
✅✅
➡ Enamel tufts = hypomineralized of enamel rods and inter-rod substance that

✅✅✅
project between adjacent groups of enamel rods from the DEJ may play a role in
the spread of caries

✅✅
➡ H file = round
 ✅✅
➡ Complete healing of the gingivectomy = takes 4–5 weeks
After gingivectomy : Complete epithelial repair takes 1 month

➡ treatment of ameloblastoma ✅✅

✅✅
➡ Deff. Between primary & permant teeth
More bolous

Molar more bolbus

Incisor wide misiodistal

✅✅✅
➡ Compilication of tunnel
Recession cause sensitivity
▶Revers overjt 11 m

✅✅
Ttt??
Orthognathic surgery

▶15. patient has latex allergy which material should we use ?

✅✅
 ✅✅
- coupling in composite = 3-methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxysilane
(gamma-MPS)

- Initial stage l = PMN✅✅

- Alganite : imbibition✅✅

- coronal(cervical) fracture = poor prognosis ✅✅

- Pulse oximetry = measure oxygen concentration in blood ✅✅
- Easier Root planning = convergent + short root ✅✅
- Difficult root planning = divergent + long root✅✅

✅✅
- Smoking effect on gingivits = less bleeding and less inflammation

✅✅
- Primary occlusal trauma = excessive force applied to a tooth with normal
supporting structures.

✅✅
- bacteria in water line
Ligunella
There was no aurgenosa

✅✅
maximum colony in water
- >500

🌸 amalgam ( any toxic material )— considering as Hazard waste

- ••

🌸extracted tooth — should put it in medical/ dental waste (incinerated)

* unless theres amalgam — put it in fixure or special container ( non incinerated )

🌸infectious waste — blood , and sharp instrument

🌟
————————————————————
extracted teeth (infectious)
-For training:
amalgam>formalin
No amalgam>autoclave
-For disposal:
Amalagam > container labeled “recycle”
( biohazard waste )
No amalgam > container labeled “medical waste”

🌟
towel : hazard

🌟
pt vomit on the chair > follow instructions
pt vomit on the floor >intermediate
extracted tooth and pt. want to take it : nothing

👻vomit + blood : infectious

🍃Vomiting on the floor: intermediate level disinfection
🍃Towel used to clean vomiting: biohazards waste
🍃Vomiting is considered contaminated
🍃dental chair we use intermediate level disinfection in all situations.
- 🍃TB pt under treatment: we can work for him after 2wks from starting ttt
- Most accurate radiograph for bone loss = vertical bitewings
- Metronidazole mechanism : DNA inhibitor
- ledge = an artificial irregularity created on canal wall that impedes the
placement of an instrument to the apex
- Autoclave temperature; 121*C (250*F) for 30 minutes
✅✅✅✅✅
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬ ‫💕‬
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ فبراير‬١٦ ‫مناقشة‬

✅✅
‎‫نوع حركة‬-٣ reamers file??
Twisting clockwis

✅✅
‎‫جاني سؤال عن‬-٢ apexogenisi ‫متى نسويه؟؟‬
Open apex and vital tooth
‎
‫يستخدم‬ ‫ بماذا‬-٦ prophy jet‫؟؟‬

Remove plaque and debris ✅✅

Prophy-Jet is an air polishing prophylaxis system that uses air, water, and either
sodium bicarbonate or a non-sodium powder to remove dental plaque, soft debris
and stains whiles simultaneously polishing teeth.

✅✅
‎‫استخدام ال‬-٧ gracey currete 11.12??
Mesial posterior teeth
✅✅✅
‎ ‫سؤال‬-٩ flappy ridge hyperplysia?
‫عن‬

flappy ridge
hyperplysia : irreversible abnormal tissue multiplation increas number

hypertrophy: reversible increase size but not number

✅✅
‎‫ال‬-١٢ erythema ‫ يكون في اي مرحله‬gingivitis?
Stage 2 .. early .. BOP (bleeding on probing) erythrma
 ✅✅
‎‫ افضل اشعه لتصوير‬-١٣ impacted canine?
Cbct

👍🏻
X ray For bone ▶️ panorama✅✅
Maryland bridge ✅✅
➡️ Gutta percha ‫✅✅مكونات‬
➡️ Abcess in diabitic pt?
Incision and antibiotic✅✅

➡️ function of any part of rpd

Read about it✅✅

➡️ function of any part of rpd??

✅✅✅
Rest .. support
Retentive arm .. retension
Reciprocal arm and guiding planes .. stability

Read about it👍🏾✅

 ‫✅✅‬
‫‪Thixotropic‬‬
‫تحول الماده من الصلبه الى الساءله مع الضغط و رجوعها الى ما كانت عليه بعد رفع قوة الضغط‬
➡️Enamel ectopic rod
As case?

**This block of enamel is composed of enamel rods packed tightly together. Rods
have a "key-hole" (fish-like) shape - each one having a head and a tail. The rods

✅✅
are oriented so that the heads face toward the cusp tip and the tails toward the
cervical margin
➡️Pvs>>perforated tray with spacer or without??
With✅✅

➡️To increase retention of pit and fissure sealant>>air abrasion jet?

✅✅
Pit and Fissure Sealant Retention Following Air Abrasion Preparation with
Bioactive Glass and Aluminum Oxide Particles
➡️ Ludwig angina and diapets>hospetalized✅✅
➡️ Sagital split osteotomy pic?
✅✅
Bilateral sagital split osteotomy for mandible deficiency
➡️ Semi or fully adjustable articulator pic
➡️ Canine replacement>>1+2+4✅✅
**‫لما تعوضي ال‬canine
The abutment 124
➡️ I bar>>esthetic+infrabulg✅✅
▶️autoclave
➡️ Deviated uvula>>vagus nerve✅✅
➡️ Gingival hyperplasia>>calcium channel blocker✅✅
➡️ SNB>>relation between skull and mandible✅✅

➡️ complete denture need refabrecation >>paget disease✅✅

Paget's disease of bone (osteitis deformans) is a relatively common disorder of
uncertain aetiology. It is characterised by abnormal resorption and apposition of
osseous tissue in one or more bones of the skeleton. This is a review of Paget's
disease with particular reference to dentistry.
➡️Vertical root fracture Diagnosis>> blue die✅✅
➡️ disadvantages of Furcation Tunneling technique>>rescission✅✅
➡️ pic after Furcation Tunneling technique>> interdental brush✅✅
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬ ‫💕‬
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٧ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

1. An old female pt is hypertensive...

Suffering from sleep apnea came for dental issue (‫)ﻣﺶ ﻓﺎﻛﺮة‬, mentioned that she

✅✅
has tongue holding or retaining aplliclance. Reason for its wearing
Sleep apnea
Tongue thrust

✳✳*Pt made an amalgam MOD amalgam cavity and We make a conservative

Acess through this MOD to make roor canal end ttt.‫ ﺑﯿﺴﺎل ﻋﻦ ﻧﻮع ال‬post ‫اﻟﻠﻲ ﻫﺎﺣﻄﻪ‬
Parallel post
Custom made post

✅✅
Prefabricated post ams core
Amalgum chamber retained post

3. pt taking amoxicillin for sinusitis for 7 days and he came to the dentist. He has

✅✅
prosthetic heart valve. What kind of abs should we give him?
A. Start Ttt without giving him extra dose
B. Complete the course for 10 days then reschedule ttt

.
4. pt having pain and you gave him ibubrufen 600 mg. Came with pain. What to
give?

Ibubrufen 1200 mg.

✅✅
Shoft ibubrufen into Acetoaminophen 1000mg
-Ibuprofen 600+acetaminophen 650-1000mg
Cant remember.
5. Definition of dentology? ✅✅

✅✅
6. when to reveal pt reports?
Consultation with colleagues

✅✅✅
7. The cervico occlusal length of inscisor
A. 10
B. 16
C. 18

✅✅
8. Osseous crater % 35%.
1/3 of all
2/3of mand
9. The time in which epitholization happens after curretage
7 days.. 14 days.. 21 days.. ‫ﻣﺶ ﻓﺎﻛﺮة اﺣﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ‬
 ✅✅
10. The time we need after crown lengthening to put final restoration
4 months
5 months
6 months
7 months

11. Working part of iso k file

14
16✅✅
18

✅✅
12. Instrument has special offset angle..
Gracey
Currette and
other options

13. Angle of insertion of Currette 0 degree ✅✅

14. Instrument that has 2 cutting edges... Universal✅✅
Currette and other options

✅✅..
15. The location of 2 cutting edges of universal Currette.. Side
Tip..
‫ﻣﺶ ﻓﺎﻛﺮة‬

✅✅
16. Pic of nabers prob and what it's use??
Used in furcation areas
17. Pic of angina bullosa hemorrigica??
✅✅✅
💡Angina Bullosa Hemorrhagica
is a rare acute and benign
blood blistering oral disorder.

🔹Etiology The exact etiology is unknown.

🔸 However, mild trauma and
the chronic use of steroid inhalers seemto play an important role in the
development of the lesions.
✳✳18. Pic of Diffused Gingival enlargement in a healthy 12 year old child... He
didn't mention any drug.. Reason for enlargement...
Chronic inflammatory enlargement ‫ اﻋﻘﺪ اﻟﺼﺢ‬or
Gingivitis induced enlargement I can't remeber

✅✅
19. Impression dimensionsally stable...
Polyether..
Polysulfide

✅✅
✳✳20. Alginate disinfected by... No NAOCL
Gluterdahyde..
Phenolic Glutardehyde..
Iodoform.

✅✅
21. What to do to prevent corrosion of instrument... Sodium nitrite in perforated
container

22. What to do when using sharps in surgery..

✅✅
Use again..
Dispose in sharp box..
Recycle bin. hahhaha

23. Pic of white lines on buccal mucosa.. Didn't resemble lichen.. Rubbed off
leaving red painful epithilium

✅✅
.....
Pseudo membranes candidiasis...
Food debris
 ✅✅
24. Inflamed tongue and xerostomia although moist mouth.. ‫ﺳﺒﺤﺎن اﷲ ﺑﯿﻘﻮل ﻛﺪه‬...
Burning mouth syndrome...
Erythematous atrophy of papilla

✳✳25. Small Lesion on tongue.. ‫ ﻣﺶ واﺿﺢ‬but painful.. What to put to decrease

pain
topical...
Analgesic..
Steroids

26. Pic of gold inlay on first premolar and normal second premolar.. There are
wear facets on both teeth.. Pt has pain.. The reason..
Very root fracture

✅✅
allergy to gold
high occlusal contact

27. Most metal dactile and maleible.. Gold✅✅

✅✅
28.Contraindicated with vital tooth??
Cavit
Amalgam...
G.I..
composite

29. Cephalometric use.. Anteropost position.. ✅✅

Vertical position

✅✅
30. Pocket depths are deep.. Which Xray to use..
Vertical bite wing...
Horizontal Bw..
panorama...
pA Xray

Dr.Afnan 💕
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬١٩ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
➡ pontic for anterior teeth and most esthetic
Ovate
Ridge lap
Hyginic

➡➡access cavity of first premolar

_tringular
_round

✅✅
_retrangular
- Oval
 ✅✅
➡ problem about erosion in palatal ant teeth(bulimia nervosa)

✅
➡ pt with complete denture complain of cheeck biting??
Decreased vertical dimensions

✅✅
➡ Sterilization of burs?
Sodium nitrate 2% in perforated tray + autoclave
➡ best restoration of cracked tooth.

✅✅
 ✅✅
➡ Technique of flappy ridge??
Mucostatic

**Mucostatic is impression technique.

We do by plaster of paris

➡ differentiate betw supraboy pocket and infra bony pocket?

Suprabony Pocket: A periodontal pocket with a base coronal to the alveolar

✅✅
bone. Infrabony Pocket: A periodontal pocket that extends into an intrabony
periodontal defect

➡ problem about Epstien pearl(in new born)?

Present in midpalate area
No treatment needed
 ✅✅
Its caused by epithelial tissue trapped during fusing of palate

➡odontogenic keratocyst?

👍🏻 ✅✅
From cell rest of dental lamina and in post mandible
it has high recurrence rate as well

✅✅
➡Case about burkitt lymphoma??
African jaw lymphoma

➡ ➡ picture of pt Cavernous sinus thrombosis.. Space causes infection

 ✅✅
-canine space
-infratemporal

✅✅
➡ most tooth difficult to extraction
-root long divergent
-root short divergent
-root long convergent

➡ solvent of gutta percha?

Xylene being the best solvent both for gutta-percha and resilon. For
gutta-percha, none of the solvents except for the tetrachloroethylene showed any
significant increase in dissolving capacity as the immersion time was increased
from 2 minutes to 5 minutes..

👆🏾👆🏾 this is the best material✅✅

✅✅
➡ cold lateral condensation?
 ✅✅
➡ causes of bleeding during prepration from furcation?
Furcal perforation
➡ Houses classification(psychological)?? (Exacting pt)
 ✅👍🏾
Problem about Exacting pt
➡ Disinfection of extracted tooth??

🌸 amalgam ( any toxic material )— considering as Hazard waste

🌸extracted tooth — should put it in medical/ dental waste (incinerated)
* unless theres amalgam — put it in fixure or special container ( non incinerated )

🌸infectious waste — blood , and sharp instrument

🌟 extracted teeth (infectious)
————————————————————

-For training:
amalgam>formalin
No amalgam>autoclave
-For disposal:
Amalagam > container labeled “recycle”
( biohazard waste )
No amalgam > container labeled “medical waste”

🌟
towel : hazard

🌟
pt vomit on the chair > follow instructions
pt vomit on the floor >intermediate
extracted tooth and pt. want to take it : nothing

👻vomit + blood : infectious

🍃Vomiting on the floor: intermediate level disinfection
🍃Towel used to clean vomiting: biohazards waste
🍃Vomiting is considered contaminated
🍃dental chair we use intermediate level disinfection in all situations.
🍃TB pt under treatment: we can work for him after 2wks from starting ttt
✅✅✅✅

✅✅
➡ pt of down syndrome about consent?
Parant or guardian
➡X.ray of third molar and asked about the relation between INA and third
molar??
➡ 8years old boy presented with his mother for tooth restoration. the mother
request composite filling but dentist convinced her amalgam is better which

✅✅
principle of ethics has violated.?
Autonomy

✅✅
➡ Tunnel prepration?
Disadvantege ➡ recession
➡definition of non malefinence and Veracity??
Veracity = Truthfulness

✅✅✅
Nonmaleficence = Do no harm

➡Focus in health care=pt✅✅

‫ﻓﻲ أﺳﺌﻠﻪ ﻛﺘﯿﺮ ﻋﻦ ال‬classification ‫ﻓﻲ اﻟﺒﺮﯾﻮ‬
Miller's mobility and recession??
Miller’s classification (mobility): ( fermitus)

■ Grade I—slight , horizontal mobility up to 1 mm.

■ Grade II—moderate , horizontal mobility ≥1 mm <2mm

✅✅✅
■ Grade III—sever , horizontal mobility >2 mm and/or vertical mobility

➡currate have to 2 cutting edge.?

 ✅✅
Universal
 ✅✅
➡Case of truma(subluxation)??
Flexible splint for 2 weeks

➡ chemical burn (problem)?

 ✅✅
➡implant analogue?
(areplica of entire dental implant)
 ✅✅
➡during cleaning and shaping suddenly bleeding from canal?
Apical perforation

Dr.Afnan 💕
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬٢٠ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

✅✅
- Dentist must know emergency resuscitation procedure,ABC stand for what?
Air way breathing circulation

-step ladder appearance in x-ray in what disease?

✅✅
A. Leukemia
B. Sickle cell anemia
C. cerebral palsy
‫اﻟﺒﺮﯾﻮ‬
‫ ﯾﺠﯿﺐ ﻟﻚ ﺻﻮره وﯾﻘﻮﻟﻚ‬positive or negative or flat
 ✅✅
What’s is largest portion in teeth?
Dentin

✳✳‫ ﺟﯿﯿﺐ ﻟﻚ اﻛﺲ راي ﻟﺴﻨﺔ ﺑﺮﯾﻤﻮﻻر ﻓﯿﻬﺎ‬sever bone lose ‫وﯾﺴﺎل ﻟﻚ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻣﺎﻧﺠﻤﻨﺖ؟‬
GTR

✳✳ ‫ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﺟﺎ اﻟﻌﯿﺎدة‬
‫واﻧﺖ ﺧﺪرﺗﻪ‬
‫اول ﻣﺎﺗﺨﺪر اﻟﻤﺮﯾﺾ‬
‫ ﺻﺎر ﻋﻨﺪه‬swelling of lip on same side

What the most at agent likely cause ?

Procaine
Pirlocan
Lidocaine
Xylacain

✅✅
7- dentist open facebook of pt without permission?
Confedintially
 ‫✅‬
‫اﻋﺮﻓﻮا ﻋﻨﻪ ‪Hbv‬‬

‫ﺟﺎب ﺻﻮره ‪ ulcer super facial‬ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻠﺴﺎن وﯾﻘﻮﻟﻚ ﻛﯿﻒ راح ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺠﻪ؟‬

‫✅🏾👍‬
‫‪ case‬ﺟﺎب ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ‪✳✳ANUG‬‬
‫‪Read about it‬‬
✳✳Anti ssa ro anti ssb al

✅✅
✳✳Anti-SSA autoantibody detection in which?
-Sjogren syndrome
-Systemic Lupus erythermatous
‫ﻓﻲ ﺳﻮال ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ‪١٣‬او ‪ ١٤‬ﺳﻨﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬
‫‪١٤‬‬
‫ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬conjental missing lateral

✅✅
‫ وﺟﺎﯾﺐ ﺻﻮره ان اﻟﻜﻨﺎﯾﻦ ﻣﺘﻘﺪم ﻣﻜﺎن ال‬lateral ‫??وﯾﺴﺎﻟﻚ اﯾﺶ اﻓﻀﻞ ﻋﻼج ﻟﻬﺬه اﻟﺤﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ اﻧﺎ اﺧﺘﺮت‬orthodontic then Implant

‫ ﺷﻬﻮر اﻟﺪﻛﺘﻮر ﻻﺣﻆ ان ﻋﻨﺪه‬٩ ‫ ﯾﻘﻮﻟﻚ ﻃﻔﻞ ﻋﻤﺮه‬cyst ‫اﯾﺶ راح ﺗﺴﻮي ﻟﻪ ؟‬

✅✅
‫ اﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬follow up
Eruption cyst no treatment

‫ﺗﻌﺮﯾﻔﺎت‬
retention stability support ‫اﺣﻔﻈﻮﻫﺎ‬

✅✅
Support
• Resistance to vertical seating forces

✅✅
Stability
• Resistance to horizontal dislodgin forces

✅✅
Retention
• Resistance to vertical dislodging forces

‫ ﻛﯿﺲ ﻋﻦ ﺣﺮﻣﺔ ﺣﺎﻣﻞ وﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ‬generalized gingival enlargement

Good oral haygine
37&35 ‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻫﺎ ﺑﯿﻦ اﻻﺳﻨﺎن‬
Red bulish lesion ‫اﺗﻮﻗﻊ‬

Pyogenic granuloma ✅✅
‫ﻛﻤﺎن اﺛﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻌﺎه ‪ symptom‬و ِﻓﻲ ‪ missing teeth 2‬راح ﯾﺠﯿﻚ ﺳﻮال ﯾﻘﻮﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻠﻲ ﻋﻨﺪه ﻛﻮﻧﺠﻨﺘﺎل‬

‫✅✅‬
‫‪ papillon virus‬اﻟﺠﻮاب‬
‫ﻫﺬه ﻣﻮﺟﻮده ﺑﻤﻨﺎل ﺑﺎﻟﻨﺺ‬
 ‫✅✅‬
‫اول ﻣﺎﺗﺸﻮف اﻟﻜﻠﻤﻪ ﻫﺬه اﻋﺮف ‪ palatal vault‬ﻓﻲ ﺳﻮال ﻛﻤﺎن ﻣﻬﻢ اول ﺳﻮال ﺟﺎﻧﻲ ﻧﺎﺳﻲ اﻟﺴﻮال ﻟﻜﻦ ﻓﯿﻪ ﻛﻠﻤﻪ‬
‫‪ asthma‬اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﺳﻜﺮ ‪ periodontitis‬ﯾﺠﯿﻚ ﺳﻮال ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﻋﻨﺪه‬

‫✅✅‬
‫اﯾﺶ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺗﻌﻄﯿﻪ ﻋﻼج ﯾﺤﺴﻦ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻪ‬
‫اﻻﺟﺎﺑﺔ ‪Doxycycline‬‬

‫ﻛﯿﻒ راح ‪ pus‬ﺟﺎك ﺑﻌﺪ ﯾﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺪه ﺳﺨﻮﻧﻪ ‪ Scalling root planing‬ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﺳﻮﯾﺖ ﻟﻪ ‪ case‬ﯾﺠﯿﺐ ﻟﻚ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ اﻟﻤﺮﯾﺾ‬

‫ﻛﯿﻒ راح ‪ pus‬ﺟﺎك ﺑﻌﺪ ﯾﻮﻣﯿﻦ ﻋﻨﺪه ﺳﺨﻮﻧﻪ ‪ Scalling root planing‬ﻣﺮﯾﺾ ﺳﻮﯾﺖ ﻟﻪ ‪ case‬ﯾﺠﯿﺐ ﻟﻚ‬

‫✅✅‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﻟﺞ اﻟﻤﺮﯾﺾ‬
‫‪Drainge and antiboitic‬‬

‫‪ ideal crown root ratio‬ي ﺳﻮال‬

‫✅✅‬
‫‪In FPD‬‬
‫‪1:2‬‬

‫‪Secondary occlusal truma 30-50% bone lose‬‬ ‫✅✅‬

‫ ﺳﻮال ﻋﻦ‬ridge mapping
‫ ﺳﻮال ﻋﻦ‬iwanson

Ridge mapping to measure the width of the ridge✅✅

Iwasnso measures metal thickness in fixed prosthesis✅✅
 ✅✅
Autoclave system b
‫ ﺳﻮال‬Store for 30 days

✅✅
Biological indicators should check
Weekly
Daily
Monthly

What is the mean of Dolichocephal :

-Long face

✅✅
-Short face
-Long skeletal
-Short skeletal
 ✅✅
color of 45 H file :
White

Width of mesiodistal upper first maxillary molar :

-6 mm

✅✅
-8 mm
- 10,5
- Pt take acetylsalicylic acid , what is the test suitable :
Bleeding time ✅✅

-When the teeth buds start in embryo development :

-6 months ✅✅
-10 months

✅✅
Terminal Branch of IAN :
Mental and incisive nerve

Normal probing depth around implant :

-2 mm

✅✅
-3 mm
-5 mm
​( ‫ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻮﺟﻮد‬mm4 )
What is the component in RPD give you Bracing :
Minor connector and proximal plate ✅✅

✅✅
pt have allergy from rubber dam , what is the class of allergy :
Type 1

Types of allergy are classified to denote cause, severity and possible

management and prevention. These include –

Type I hypersensitivity
This is also known as immediate or anaphylactic-type reactions. This may be
caused due to pollen, foods and drugs and insect stings.

Type II hypersensitivity
This involves specific antibodies called the Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM.
There is binding to and destroying the cell the antibody is bound on.

This type of reaction is seen after an organ transplant when the body refuses to
see the transplanted organ as its own.
Type III hypersensitivity
This is an Immune complex-mediated reaction. The immune complex is the
bound form of an antibody and an antigen.

This leads to a cascade of reactions in the body which goes on to destroy local
tissues. Examples of this condition include glomerulonephritis and systemic lupus
erythematous (lupus, SLE).

Type IV hypersensitivity
Delayed or cell-mediated reactions are mediated by special immune cells called
the T-cell lymphocytes.

The T cells take from a few hours to a few days to mount an allergic response.
Examples include contact dermatitises such as poison ivy rashes.

Schirmer's test = in Sjogren syndrome ✅✅

Masurment the tears
<5 drops in five mins
 ✅✅
what is the stage ANUG classification if it is involve entire papilla :
Stage 2

Stage 1 : tip of IDP

Stage 2: entire papilla
Stage 3: gingival margin
Stage 4: attached gingiva
Stage 5: buccal or labial mucosa
Stage 6: exposing alveolar bone
Stage 7: perforating skin

what is the most common motion effect or (use) :

-reaming
-filing
-clockwise motion✳✳

✳✳- necrotic pulp = Anaerobic

Emotional abuse = behavior that impedes a child’s development and self-esteem

✅✅
failing to
provide love and appropriate guidance

Name of radiopacifier material present in MTA :

✅✅
Bismuth oxide is added to the formulation of these materials to provide
radiopacity.

cardiac PT = give him 0.2 amoxicillin antibiotic 1 hr before ttt

2mg as prophlactic ✅✅
Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma ?

**Depending on the case,,

First surgery then radiotherapy or chemotherapy.

Some time start with radio to confine the lesion and minimize then do the
resection.
 ✅✅
Virus stay in clinic for HBV = in room temp 7 days to 6 months
 ✅✅
mach bands in radiograph is misdiagnosed as?
Proximal caries…
occlusal caries…
periodontal pocket
ll.pix extra cusp in labial surface of central inci!
 ✅✅
A. Remove cusp and endo
B. Remove cusp no endo
C. No treatment
D. Extract teeth

✅✅
according to cranial base, maxilla grow in what direction?
Downward and forward… .
up and down…
out and up
 ✅✅
Most common type use in attachment overdenture :
- Magnetic
- locator

✅✅
✅
Minimum NO. of implant in mandible overdenture = 2
Maxilla =4

A..

💡 Fixed bridge
 Maxilla – 6 implants
Mandible – 4 implants

💡 Overdenture
Maxilla – 4 implants
Mandible – 2 implants

💡Healing times
• in the mandible: 2-3 months
• in the maxilla: 4-6 months.

• if there are complications with implant treatment it is recommended that the

healing times should be lengthened to allow a better chance of osseointegration.

Failure of teeth formation will affect the growth of what structure?

Whole face…
maxilla..

✅✅
mandible…
alveolar bone

✅✅
nystatin used for treatment of?
Candida
..pain…
herpes…
aphthous
what is the management of malignant hyperthermia? Monitor for 1 hour..

✅✅
monitor for 24 hours..
monitor for 3 days

✅✅
.after truma discoloration of primary teeth with radiolucent in apex treatment
A. Pulpectomy
B. Pulpotomy
C. Pulpotomy mta
D. Extract

24.treatment of herpangion
A. Penicillin
B. Antifungal
C. Crap lesion
 ‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ ﻓﺒﺮاﯾﺮ‬٢١ ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺸﺔ‬

➡How to detect posterior palatal seal

A-t-burnisher
b- pencile

✅✅
✅✅
In cast➡ indelible pencil
In pt➡ t burnisher

✅✅
➡- patient with class II with retoded mandible , what is the management?
A-Functional appliance
b-headgear
c-extraction

✅
**High pull headgear
Distalization of maxilla and intrusion of maxillary molars

➡- what is the MD of first maxillary premolar?

A-6

✅✅
b-8 (don’t remember other choice)
7
➡7 when the first teeth appear in neonate?
A-at birth
b- 6month

✅✅✅
c-9month ( I choose neonate, am not sure from the answer)

**➡Natal. At birth
➡Nenatal teeth. One month
➡First decidous teeth. 6month

✅✅
➡what is the flexural of 3pontic ridge compare with the 1pontic bridge?
A-3
b-6
c-9
d-12 ( I choose 3, am not sure from the answer)

**‫اﻟﺴﺆال ﻣﻘﺎرﻧﻪ ف ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺗﻮ اﻟﺠﻮاب‬

1 pontic >> 3
3 pontic >>27

**Flexural strength for =

3 until bridge : 1 pontic =3
4 until bridge : 2 pontic = 8
5 until bridge : 3 pontic = 27

‫ ﻓﻠﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﺠﺴﺮ ﺛﻼث وﺣﺪات‬.... ‫دﻛﺘﻮرة ﺑﯿﺤﺴﺐ ﻟﻚ اﻟﻔﻠﻜﺸﺮ ﺳﺘﺮﻧﺚ ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺪد وﺣﺪات اﻟﺠﺴﺮ‬
‫ ﻣﻌﻨﺎه اﻧﻮ اﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﯿﺔ اﻟﻜﺴﺮ أﻗﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻟﻤﻦ ﯾﻜﻮن اﻟﺠﺴﺮ أرﺑﻊ وﺣﺪات أو‬3 ‫ﻣﻌﻨﺎه ﻓﻲ ﺑﻮﻧﺘﻚ واﺣﺪة ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﻟﻲ اﻟﻔﻠﻜﺸﺮ ﺳﺘﺮﻧﺚ‬

✅✅
..‫ﺧﻤﺲ وﺣﺪات‬
‫ﺗﻜﻌﯿﺐ اﻟﺒﻮﻧﺘﻚ‬

✳✳➡- patient came to replace missing bilateral missing posterior, and he have
partial denture in opposing upper arch for several year and the teeth is are
protrusive what type of teeth will use for lower denture? ( he didn’t talk about type
of tooth for upper denture)
A-strong acrylic resin ( I choose (A) but not sure )
b-porcelain
c- acrylic with gold
d-porcelain with gold

✅✅
➡young patient with high caries risk what type of material should use ?
A-Glass incomer
B-Zincphoshate
C-composite

➡resist vertical force away from denture ? A-retention ✅✅

b-resistance
c-support

➡patient heavy smoker 20 cigrate a day, sever periodontitis, bleeding on

✅✅
probing, what you he should do to stop the worse of prognosis?
A-stop smoking
( I choose (A). don’t remember other choice)
b-scaling

✅✅
➡contra indication for FPD
A-ridge resorption
(don’t remember other choice)
➡patient with dark intrinsic stain and he complain from appearance of his tooth
hat type of indirect veneers should use?

✅✅
A-veneer
b-etched porcelain
c-composit
D-zirconia

✅✅
➡material contra indicate under composite?
A-ZOE
B-zinc phosphate
C-polycarboxylate

➡missing #44 #45 #46 and tilted #47 make available space narrow(14mm) the

✅✅
diameter of implant is 4mm, how many implant you will put?
A-2 implant ( 4+4++3+1.5+1.5=14)
b-3
c-4

➡-large available space want to replace it by implant what is the size of widest
implant?
A-3 narrow
 ✅✅
b-4 stander
c-5
d-6
➡- Adverse effect of midazolam

✅✅
A-long action duration
b-irritability to the patient

➡most area cause success rate in implant?

A-buccal shelf

b- mandible between mental foreman ✅✅

**because of this area that far from nervs and Blood vessels

c-maxilla

➡patient came after second visit and dr decide to put amalgam , he found

✅✅
pinpoint exposure without bleeding what to do?
A-direct pulp capping
b-indirect capping
c-Rct

✅✅
➡what to do with extracted tooth with amalgam?
A-Dark container labeled with hazard
b-autoclave
c-intermediate level disinfect
➡Case : substandard RCT with apical radiolucent has cast post and core and

✅✅
well sealed crown ?
Apical surgery with retrograde filing
➡Case : tx. Of defected class II restoration that’s extended 7mm from CEJ ?

✅✅
A. Crown lengthening
B. Extraction*
C. Replaced by new restoration
** If more than 5 extraction

➡Case : radiograph of precious treated RCT with threaded post inserted only on
apical 1/3 of palatal canal of #16 it should clear periapical radiolucent around
palatal cusp that’s short about 2mm and PDL widening of DB that’s short abou
1.5 mm so what’s the best Tx?

✅✅
A. Surgical RCT
B. Non Surgical *

➡What’s the % of Dentists that’s not reported the needle stick injury ?
A. 10%
B. 35%
C. 50%
D. 70%
➡Case : tooth with amalgam cast and post and ceramic crown and there is

✅✅
painless grey discoloration on marginal gingiva ?
A. Amalgam tatto*
B. Bismuth gingivitis

➡ Instrument that has triangle cross section and 2 cutting edges and sharp
pointed tip?
A. Hoe

✅✅
B. Chisel
C. Sickle
D. Curettage
➡Picture of Bismuth gingivitis

➡ Patient complaining from pain and redness on gingiva after he eat popcorn on

✅✅✅
cenama , what’s cause ?
Foreign body
➡Dentist doesn’t has knowledge on surgery and he did extraction of
Assymptomatic impacted lower third molar and he cause injury to lingual nerve ,
what is the cause of this injury ?

✅✅
A. Negligence
B. Malpractice

➡Instrument to measure width of gingival ?

A. Explore

✅✅
B. Periodontal probe
C. ….. caliper *

Depth of attached gingiva >> periodontal probe..

Dr.Afnan
‫اذﻛﺮوﻧﻲ ﺑﺪﻋﻮة‬
 ‫ فبراير‬٢٢ ‫مناقشة‬

➡️ Which tooth we need to rotate when we extract it ??

Upper central +Lower premolar✅✅

➡️Which type of GIC used in a restoration of primery molar with compund

caries?

Type 2 ✅✅
➡️enlarge tongue what affect the teeth?
Cross bite ✅✅
or overbite.....etc
➡️pic of angle of subgingival scaling
✳️✳️➡️which one of these defect makes smooth surface ( abrasion,
erosion,attrition,abfarction)

✳️✳️➡️patient with cardic disease cant give asprin what to give him ?
➡️newborn has swelling what to do ?
Follow up✅✅

**About the newborn it’s gingival cyst of newborn ttt is follow up as it disappear
within 14 days read about it

➡️Deep pockt in one side of tooth and the tooth treated rct good no apical
Vertcal root fracture✅✅
abcess what is the cause ( periodontitis or what?

✳️✳️➡️white lesion in lateral border of tongue in diabetic and hypertention and

may cardic d what is the treatment for the lesion( medication, drainge incision??

Medication ✅✅
White lesion with no diagnosis we call it leukoplakia no need for ttt and
if it remain for more time or being a plasitic biopsy should be done
In this case it could be candida albicans because of diabetis

✳️✳️➡️you treat patient for deep resto and u put calcium hydroxide after many
days he come with much pain what is the cause ?

➡️Patient want to make full ceramic crowns but u advice him to make veneer
cause his teeth health and he didnt accept your advice what u should do ? ( treat

✅✅
him as he like or refuse treat him or send him for other dent?
Treat him
✳️✳️Pt pull lip CD fall off why ?
underextend labial flang + notopenlabialfrenum

➡️‫ ساعه‬٢٤‫دكتور فيه انفلونزا وحراره شنو المفروض يسوي ؟ حطيت يروح للعياده بعد م تروح الحراره ب‬
✅✅
‫الن من ضمن الخيارات يروح للعياده بعد م تروح الحراره او يروح للعياده عادي ونسيت الرابعه‬

➡️Case :12 years patient complain from diastema and upon clinical you found
supernumerary tooth between upper root of central incisor and low labial Frenum
attachment, what’s the right treatment ?
A. Frenuecomy and diastema closing

✅✅
B. Extraction supernumerary tooth then fixed appliance
C. Wait until canine erupt and do extraction

➡️Patient complaint of congenital missing of lateral incisor and she concern

about esthetics , there is picture it shows there small space about 2mm between

✅✅
canine and central incisor , what’s the treatment ?
A. Ortho first then place implant
B. Place full crown on canine to resemble lateral
C. Ortho first then Veneer for canine

➡️Brushing technique for teeth with recession ? Modified stillman✅✅

✳️✳️➡️Case :large radiolucent lesion on the body of mandible between roots of
posterior teeth and has dome shape and teeth is vital ?
A. Simple bone cyst
B. Stafne bone cyst defect

✳️✳️➡️Case : missing upper molar teeth and you planned to placed rpd and
there is high frenum attachment on middle of 2 nd premolar, what is the direct
clasp will used ?

✅✅
A. RPI
B. RPA
C. Ring
D. Circlet

- Kennedy Cl I & II (Tooth & Tissue Borne)

- For posterior abutments, or any tooth needing stress release:
- Clasp of choice: RPI (mesial rest, distal proximal plate and I-bar) - If can’t use
an I-bar in vestibule, because of
! frenum
! shallow vestibule
! deep soft tissue undercut
then use an RPA retainer (mesial rest, distal proximal plate and wrought wire
clasp) - If can’t use a mesial rest because of:
- rotation
- heavy centric contact on mesial
- - large amalgam restoration on mesial
- then use Combination Clasp (distal rest, buccal ww retention, lingual bracing)

➡️Missing #46 and #16 is Supra erupted 3mm and you planned FPD #45-#47
how to manage of #16 ? Endo and crown✅✅

29. Distance between middle of implant and tooth structure ‫ما حدد كم‬diameter of
implant ?
A. 1.5 mm
B. 3 mm

✅✅
C. 4 mm
D. 3.5mm
** because diameter of common used implant between 3.5 – 4.5 the distance
between outer surface of implant and natural tooth is 1.5m
‫( ماحدد لي كم‬

➡️Case : patient complaint of food impaction between posterior teeth after ortho
treatment , upon clinical examination three bilateral spacing on lower posterior
teeth and there is no caries or recession and patient has good oral hygiene ,

✅✅
what’s the treatment ?
A. Refer back to orthodontist
B. Placed direct composite
C. Prepared class II and placed composite

💕
🙏🏾
Dr.Afnan
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ فيراير‬٢٣ ‫مناقشة‬

➡️Picture of undercut gauge?

➡️Two question about Stages of gingival index?
➡️The most oral complication of chemotherapy ?
B. Osteonecrosis✅✅
A. Mucositis

➡️Case : patient get trauma on lateral surface of face and upon clinical ex. He
has periorbital hemorrhage and diplopia and limited mouth opening, what’s the
type of fracture ?
A. Le fort 1
B. Le fort 2

✳️✳️✳️✳️✳️🔁
C. Le fort 3
D. Zygomaticomaxillary fracture

➡️➡️What gingival index grade when gingival enlargement involved interdental

Grade 2✅✅
papilla and marginal gingiva ?
➡️Picture of disclosing agent on teeth and ask used for what ?
Plaque✅✅

➡️What is the manifestation of panic attack during treatment ?

dilated pupils✅✅✅

➡️Case : badly distructed tooth and caries excavation its restorable and but root
its short and also crown Its short and interocclusal space is less so after RCT

✅✅✅
what’s the restoration you will used ?
A. Endocrown
B. Fiber post and core and ceramic crown
C. Cast post and core and ceramic crown
➡️Picture of hutchinson incisor and ask about disease ?
Syphilis✅✅
➡️ One question about principle of shade tooth selection?
Before isolation +Under day light✅✅
➡️One Question about Hypertension stage 1?
➡️What’s type of occlusion for class I lower RPD and upper teeth all sound ?
Bilateral balanced occlusion✅✅✅

➡️Class V caries extending subgingival what’s first thing you will do ?

Crown lengthiness to exposed apical part of caries✅✅

➡️Case about endo perio lession, start with what ? Endo✅✅✅

➡️Question about class 2 of fremitus test?

➡️What’s the type of gingiva when you probing the probe no visible and there is
picture? ‫(الصورة ماحصلتها بالضبط بس هذا اقرب شي‬

✅✅
A. Light scallop
B. Thick scallop
C. Light flat
D. Thick flat
➡️Picture of furcation grade II?
Furcation 2 .. probe touching roof of furcation without passing through✅✅

➡️Type of radiograph to assess bone resorption ?

Vertical bitwing✅✅✅

➡️. Case : 12 years patient has sinus tract opposing of first premolar and pulp Is
necrotic what is the right tx ?
A. Pulpotomy
B. Pulpectomy

✅✅
C. Apexification
D. Incision and draining

➡️What’s the benefit if using calcium hydroxide between appointment ?

✅✅

➡️Sore on the crest of right lower side after complete denture placement , what’s
the cause ?
✅✅
➡️Cause of distorting and tearing of alginate impression ?
➡️Why during cementation of PFM crown dentist rocking crown buccolingually ?
To remove excesive cement✅✅

➡️What appliance used for class II malocclusio due to retroded mandible ?

Functional appliance✅✅✅

➡️Extraction of class II malocclusion with crowding ? Extraction upper 1st

premolar and lower 2 nd premolar✅✅✅

➡️What’s lesion on palatal surface of patient with Bulimia ?

Erosion✅✅✅

Dr.Afnan
‫ادكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ فبراير‬٢٤ ‫مناقشة‬

✅✅
What’s the requirement of custom try for taking final impression ?
A. Rigidity
B. Flexibility
C. ......
D. Thinnest

Bilateral missing posterior tooth and 1st permanent molar lower incisor are

✅✅
present what’s the space maintainer will used ?
lingual space maintainer
63. Pictures of dentin dysplasia
 ✅✅
( rootless )

✅✅
64. Dentist refer patient unnecessary to other specialist ?
Veracity

65. Dentist refer patient to other doctor for consultation and patient ask
consultant doctor to complete tx. With him and he said no and ask patient to

✅✅
complete tx, with doctor ?
Professional
66. Names of microorganisms that’s cause persistent necrotizing ulcerative

✅✅
gingivitis ?
P.intermedia&fusobactria &treponema

✅✅
67. Name of microorganism found on primary root canal infection ?
Obligate an ariobc
68. patient starts vomiting over the clinic floor during the treatment. The nurse
uses absorbent paper towels to wipe all visible organic material off the floor
Which of the following is the likely type of waster??

✅✅
A. toxic
B. hazardous
C. infectious
D. contaminated

🌸 amalgam ( any toxic material )— considering as Hazard waste

🌸extracted tooth — should put it in medical/ dental waste (incinerated)
* unless theres amalgam — put it in fixure or special container ( non incinerated )

🌸infectious waste — blood , and sharp instrument

🌟
————————————————————
extracted teeth (infectious)
-For training:
amalgam>formalin
No amalgam>autoclave
-For disposal:
Amalagam > container labeled “recycle”
( biohazard waste )
No amalgam > container labeled “medical waste”

🌟
towel : hazard

🌟
pt vomit on the chair > follow instructions
pt vomit on the floor >intermediate
extracted tooth and pt. want to take it : nothing

👻vomit + blood : infectious

🍃Vomiting on the floor: intermediate level disinfection
🍃Towel used to clean vomiting: biohazards waste
🍃Vomiting is considered contaminated
🍃dental chair we use intermediate level disinfection in all situations.
🍃TB pt under treatment: we can work for him after 2wks from starting ttt
✅✅✅✅

69. What is the type of injury caused by using Hot hydrocolloid impression ?

✅✅
A. Chemical
B. Thermal

70. Pt. had full cover incisors crowns, a week later the pt. complained from head
and pain ant to the ears, clinical examination: +ve fremitis and mobility. Xray: no

✅✅
bone loss. What's the sub type of traumatic occlusion?
A. Primary .
B. Secondary
C. Persistent.
D. Combined
 ✅✅
71. Patient with latex allergy, what type of obturation?
Resilon

✳️✳️72. Patient has large MOD amalgam restoration and dentist did
conservative access
opening for RCT on previous amalgam restoration so what restoration will used
after RCT ?
A. Amalgam then placed ceramic crown*
B. Composite then ceramic crown
C. GIC then ceramic crown

✅✅
73. Dental hygienist prescribe for patient hard tooth brush then what’s the soft
tissue complication will has ? Recession

✅✅
74. Pregnant patient smoking so child will has ?
Cleft lip and palate

✅✅
76. Lethal dose in mg of fluoride in 3 years old?
500 mg
 ✅✅
77. what is the flexural of three Pontic ridge compare with the 1 Pontic bridge?
27

78. Child need extraction of #65 , what’s type of anesthesia?

A. B. C.

✅✅
Medial superior alveolar nerve*
Medial superior alveolar nerve and grater
palatine nerve Posterior superior alveolar nerve

79. What is the cause of enamel hypoplasia found in incisal 1/3 only of incisor

✅✅
and Caine and Molar in primary dentition ?
MIH

80. Difference between crown of primary tooth compared to Permanent?

👍🏾👍🏾
Mesio distal wider than permanent for ant.

Posterior ➡️ more bulbous

✅✅✅
81. young patient come with her father, dentist decide to extract some teeth,
father ignore and want to go to another dr and he want X-ray for her child?
A-give him some copies of original X-rays

✅✅
B-give him some original X-rays
c- give him all copies X-ray of all original X-rays*

82. Mechanism of action of metronidazole ? DNA inhibitor ✅✅

83. Patient has an appointment with his orthodontist in 2 weeks, but came to you
because the band with tube is broken and wire is irritating him ? What to do?

✅✅
A. Nothing
B. cut the excess wire
C. remove the band
D. remove the wire

84. For tracing of sinus tract will use ?

A. K file
B. H file

✅✅
C. Paper point
D. Gutta percha

✅✅
85. Patient has missing teeth #14 and #16 what best treatment ?
FPD with non rigid connector on #15

✅✅
86. Enamel extending Beyond CEJ into furcation area , what will cause ?
Periodontal disease

✅✅
87. Type of local anesthesia used for patient with limited mouth opening ?
vazirani- akinosi technique
 ✅✅
88. During endo irrigation Patient feels sever pain and bleeding from canal and
marked swelling? Sodium hypochlorite accident

✅✅
89. What’s technique for intrapulpal injection ?
A. Wedging needle on pulp camper or canals and administrate anesthesia
B. Using loss needle on pulp chamber or canals and administrate anesthesia

90. Effect of pdl injection on pulp circulation ?

A. Marked Increase
B. Slight increase

✅✅
C. Same
D. Ceased for 30 minutes*
 ✅✅
91. which muscle pierced in inferior alveolar nerve block ?
buccinator muscle

✳️✳️92. During try in when dentist placed try in crown he notice air bubbles
between try in crown and tooth what’s the cause ?
Crown not passive fit
93. distance between X-ray tube and radiographer ? 2 meter behind the X-ray

✅✅
tube
2 meter = 6 feets

✅✅
94. aim to reduce bacteria in waterline ? <500
 ✅✅
95- Ortho is different in adult from pedo ?
A. Longer time
B. Shorter time
C. Higher forces
D. Lesser forces

96. Question about Indication of preventive resin restoration?

97. General dentist during doing rct of molar he found pulp stone and canals are

✅✅
calcified , what should he do ?
Refer to endodontist

98. What is Maximum does of 2% L.A with 1:100,000 for 50 kg patient ? 6

🌸🌸‫المطلوب‬. 1:100000 ‫ مع ايبنفرين‬%٢ ‫بدنا نعطيه مخدر ليدوكائين‬. ‫ كغ‬٥٧ ‫مريض وزنه‬:
‫ماهي هي الجرعة القصوى بال مغ‬-١
‫ ماهو عدد الكاربوالت‬-٢
‫مالحجم الكلي المسموح اعطاؤه بال مل‬-٣
‫ماهي هي كمية االيبنفرين الكلية‬-٤
‫ الحل‬:
‫تعني‬%٢
‫ مغ ) ليدوكائين‬٢٠٠٠= ‫غ‬٢( ‫ مل محلول مخدر تحوي‬١٠٠ ‫كل‬
‫ مل تحوي‬١.٨ ‫ معناها الكاربولة اللي حجمها‬x ‫مثال‬

👈
X= 1.8 × 2000 ÷ 100 = 36 mg

👈
‫ مغ‬٥٤ %٣ ‫وبالمثل‬
‫ مغ‬٧٢ %٤
٧ × ‫الجرعة القصوى =وزن المريض‬

‫ مغ‬٣٩٩ = ٧ × ٥٧
‫ عدد الكاربوالت نقسم الجرعة القصوى على كمية المخدر بالكاربولة‬-٢
N = 399 ÷ 36 = 11.08
‫ كاربولة‬١١ ‫يعني‬
‫ الحجم الكلي = عدد الكاربوالت × حجم الكاربولة الواحدة‬- ٣
= ‫ مل‬١٩.٩٥ = ١١.٠٨ × ١.٨
٤ - 1 :100000 ‫تعني‬
‫مغ ايبنفرين‬١٠٠٠= ‫غ‬١( ‫ مل تحوي‬١٠٠٠٠٠ ‫)كل‬
‫معناها‬
‫ مل تحوي‬١٩.٩٥ ‫ ال‬Y ‫مثال‬
Y = 19.95 × 1000 ÷ 100000
= 0.1995 < 0.2 mg ‫مقبول‬
0.2 ‫ طالما اقل من‬mg (‫)الكمية القصوى للشخص السليم‬

😅💐🌸
(0.04 ‫ وتكون‬mg ‫)عند مرضى القلب‬

🌸💐💝❤️ 🌸❤️💝💐
‫للجميع مع اخوكم الدكتور‬ ‫ويسعد اوقاتكم بالماث‬
‫شادي الحول‬

99. maximum dose of epinephrine for cardiac patient ? 0.04mg ✅✅

✳️✳️100. 45-year-old man visits the dental clinic for extraction of a painless
nonrestorable broken upper left molar. History revealed that he has had
tuberculosis but he said its not infectious. Which of the following is the most
appropriate management?

A.Treat using standard precautions ✳️✳️

B.Defer treatment and counsel the patient
C.Refer the patient to infectious disease clinic
D.refer treatment and verify for being non-infectious*
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬
 ‫ مارس‬٢٥ ‫مناقشة‬

1- The question of rpd pt who had 2 previous dentures but he didn’t like them

✅✅
asking about his mental status according to house classification?
Hysterical

Houses classification*****

1- class1 ..... philosophical 👉best prognosis

2- class2..... Exacting 👉 lot of questions
3- class 3 ..... hysterical 👉 not accept the denture = worest prognosis

4- class 4 ..... Indifferent 👉 don't care

2-Pt just received her new CD came complaining of weird face shape and muscle
fatigue?!! >>
Increased ovd ✅✅
Unfamiliar with the cd

3-Dentist noticed air bubbles comes out in the palatal dam area when he presses

✅✅
the palate what to do ?! >>
Reline

😅
Reduce the palatal dam area
Do wax something

✅✅
4-Pics of nodular gingival enlargement findings are plasma cell infiltrate >>
plasma cell gingivitis
 ✅✅
5-Zone of flame that used with gold heating
1-reduced Zone
2-oxidized
3-cold work
 ✅✅
6-What is the more “caustic” ?! Material must be handled carefully ?!>>
Formocresol
mta
Calcium hydroxide

7-Pt lost all her posterior teeth including premolars What type of occlusion ull

✅✅
recorded >>
Balance occlusion
✳️✳️8-How to transfer the anterior teeth occlusion to the articulator > study
cast??

9-Canine replaced implant what occlusion ?

• Unilateral

✅
• Bilateral
• Mutually protec
10-Pt with occlusal tooth wear want to do full mouth rehabilitation what articulator
to use >>
 ✅✅
fully adjusted
or semi adjusted

✳️✳️11-Pt with class II lost his post teeth in one said and the other side have
occlusal wear what to do ?! >> bite equilibrium of the side with teeth and do the
rpd according to it

✅✅
12- 2 years ol pt for extraction what LA to use ?!! >>
2% lidocaine
3% lidocaine
2% articaine
3% articaine
13-Pt with mobile tooth after receiving her full acrylic rpd with wrought wire

Tooth supported ✅✅
Tissue supported
Hybrid
‫**اسنانها صارت تتحرك بعد ما استخدمت الطقم‬
‫الطقم اكريلك بس و روت وير‬

14-Bacteria resistant to penicillin what to use ?! >>

✅✅
Penicillin vk
Amoxicillin + clavulanate
Ampicillin

15-What causes bacterial resistance to antibiotics?! >>

✅✅
Adaptation
Mutation
Dna changes

✅✅
16-Pic of Mid root small circular radiolucency asking what to do next ?! >>
Do rct
Take x-ray from another angulation

17-Pic of GP over extension and sealer with apical radiolucency and asking
about management >>
Surgical endo ✅✅
Trephination

18-Pt complain of tooth sensitivity or mobility can’t remember 😅 after receiving

her metal casted rpd what is the cause !?>>

The reciprocal arm engages with the tooth before the retentive arm

The retentive arm engages with the tooth before the reciprocal arm ✅✅

✳️✳️19-Pt lost # 44 45 46 , she didn’t know that the Rpd could extend to the
other side what to do ?! >>
Explain to her that it’s important for the retention

Do it only in one side

20-The most common drawback of tunnel preparation for furcation treatment ?!

Hypersensitivity
 ✅✅
Root caries
Recession
Mobility

21-Pt with 3-4 cm enlargement in the parotid area what to do ?!

✅✅
Incisional biopsy
Fine needle aspiration

22-What clamp to use for upper 6 !?>>

W4
W5

✅✅
W6
W8
✳️✳️23-Dr received special tray 3-4 mm shot is some areas what impression
materialto use ?!
Something sulfide
Putty pvs
Regular pvs
Green wax
 ✅✅
24-What happen when do rest sit before guiding plane?
A- insufficient size rest
B- insufficient size plane
C-fructure
25-Ceramic veneers gain retention by ?! >>
Micro mechanical by etching the veneer and the tooth ✅✅
Chemical by saline coupling agent

👇🏾👇🏾‫جاب نفس الصورة دي ويسأل عن العالج‬-26

✅✅
Corticosteroid
 ‫💕‬
‫🏾🙏‬
‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬
 ‫ فبراير‬٢٨ ‫مناقشة‬

✅✅
1. - discomfort near to gingival margin?
A- Hypersensitive
B- apical periodontitis
C- reversible pulbitis

✅✅
2. - denture become unfitted ( small) ?
A- multible sclerosis
B- hashiamoto
C- Addison ( pigmentation )
D-Cusion syndrome ( moon face)

✅✅
3. discoloration of acrylic temporary restoration ?
Unreacted benzoyl peroxide
Monomer from Urethan dimethymethaacrylate
polymer in methyl methacrylate
4. glazed porcelain crown on cementation there is open contact proximally ,
what to do?
A- apply composite proximally
B- apply porcelain proximally
C- apply glazed material proximally
D- nothing to do

✅✅0.3mm ⬅️ re make ‫** الزم في السؤال يحدد حجم الفراغ اذا اكبر من‬

✅✅
5. Cause of casting with nodules:
air trapped during investing
foreign body in the mold
rapid burn-out

7. - speed of highspeed or ultra speed contra

A - <12000 rpm (low)
B - <10000 rpm ( high)
C - >200000 rpm (ultra) ✅✅
D - 12000-200000 rpm

8. which of following cement in x ray like a caries?

zinc phosphate
zinc polycarboxylate

✅✅
silver amalgam
glass ionomer
9. First and important thing to do in prevent program to child before ttt
A_ chronologic age
 ✅✅
B_ dental age
C_ caries risk assessment

10. How to increase rigidity for mid palatal strap major connector:
-Heat treated

✅✅
-Increase Thickness of minor connector attachment
-Pear shaped cross section
 ✅✅
11. The best analgesic prescribed for asthmatic patient :
A_acetaminophen
B_aspirin
C_ibuprofen
D_diclofenac

**A
Unlike aspirin and other NSAIDS,acetaminophen seems to be safer for people
with asthma. Acetaminophen is also less likely to cause gastrointestinal problems
than NSAIDs

12. Muscles that are influential in molding the lingual border of the
mandibular denture are :
A. the palatoglossus

✅✅
B. superior pharyngeal constrictor
C. mylohyoid and genioglossus

**Lingual border molding muscles = palatoglossus , superior constrictor ,

✅✅
Mylohyoid ,
Genioglossus
13. Why lab technician does block out for deep interdental embrasure before cast

✅✅
duplication for RPD framework??
tissue or gingival irritation
food entrapment
polished surface
increase bulk of minor connector

14. The proper documentation should be :

A_ timely
B, _objective

✅✅
C_ subjective
D_complete

✅✅
15. Most common complication over denture ?
Periodontal disease

✅✅
16. Badly intrinsic stained teeth and need to cover it with veneers which type?
Porcelain etched
Alumina
Casted ceramic

17. The maximum age of orthodontic treatment :

A_no limit✅✅
B_30 years
C_45 years

18. -A case about implant for 46 and supra erupted 16 what to do?

✅✅
orthodontic extrusion
endo and crown for 16
remove the bone and put the implant more downward

✅✅
19. Waveone file:
reciprocarion system

**the WaveOne concept provides a single- file shaping technique, regardless of

the length, diameter, or curvature of any given canal. In fact, it has been shown
that a single-file reciprocating shaping technique utilizing unequal CW/CCW
angles is over 4 times safer and almost 3 time
faster than using multiple rotary files to achieve the same final shape
20. Pt with attrition what seen in X-ray
pulp obliteration
Hypercementosis ✅✅
external resorption

✅
** A also correct
 ‫‪Dr.Afnan‬‬
‫اذكروني بدعوة‬