• Census is defined as the process of collecting, compiling, analysing, evaluating,
publishing and disseminating statistical data regarding the population of a country. • It is conducted in every 10 years. • The first census of India was conducted by Lord Mayo in 1872. • In 2011, The Ministry of Home Affairs released the Census 2011 with the motto “Our Census, Our Future”. • Some of the most important facts about the Census 2011 are given below as follows: o The Census 2011 was the 15th Census of India and 7th of the independent India. o India registered a growth of 181 Million in the population from 2001 to 2011. o Some of the important district level facts are given below as follows: ▪ Thane District of Maharashtra is the most populated district. ▪ Dibang valley of Arunachal Pradesh is the least populated. ▪ Kurung valley (Arunachal Pradesh) registered the population growth of 111.01 percent. ▪ Longleng district (Nagaland) registered a negative population growth of 58.39 percent. ▪ Mahe District (Puducherry) has the highest sex ratio. ▪ Daman has the lowest sex ratio. ▪ Serchhip District (Mizoram) has the highest literacy rate. ▪ Alirajpur (Madhya Pradesh) has the lowest literacy rate. ▪ North East Delhi has the highest population density. o The sex ratio of India is 940 females per 1000 males. o Kerala has the highest sex ratio and Haryana has the lowest. o The Literacy rate is 74% overall with Males having 82.14% and females having 65.46%. o Some of the important cities related census facts are given below as follows: ▪ Mumbai (Maharashtra) is the most populated city. ▪ Kapurthala (Punjab) is the least populated city. ▪ Kozhikode (Kerala) has the highest sex ratio. ▪ Bhiwandi (Maharashtra) has the lowest sex ratio. ▪ Aizawl (Mizoram) has the highest literacy rate. ▪ Sambhal (Uttar Pradesh) has the least literacy rate. o Bihar has the highest population density and Jammu and Kashmir has the lowest population density. o Uttar Pradesh has the highest population and Sikkim has the lowest population. o Among Union territories, Delhi has the highest population density and Lakshadweep has the lowest population density. o There are 550 tribes in India and they contribute to 8.2% of total population of India. o Madhya Pradesh has the highest population of tribes in India. o Punjab and Haryana have no tribal population. o Maharashtra has the highest number of cities and Himachal Pradesh is the least urbanised state. o Maharashtra has the highest number of slums and Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest number of slums. o Bihar has the highest poverty and Goa has the least poverty. o Hindi (40%) is the highest spoken language in India. o Cristian (2.3%), Sikhs (1.7%), Buddhist (0.7%) and Jains (0.4%) are in the minority in India.