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HTML 5 and
CSS
Important Notice: Media content referenced within the product description or the product
text may not be available in the eBook version.
New Perspectives on HTML 5 and CSS, © 2021, 2017 Cengage Learning, Inc.
8th Edition Comprehensive Unless otherwise noted, all content is © Cengage.
Patrick Carey
WCN: 02-300
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright herein
Erin Joyner
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System Requirements
This book assumes that students have an Internet connection, a text editor, and a current
browser that supports HTML 5 and CSS. The following is a list of the most recent versions of
the major browsers at the time this text was published: Internet Explorer 11, Microsoft
Edge 44, Firefox 66, Safari 12.1, Opera 60, and Google Chrome 75. More recent versions may
have come out since the publication of this book. Students should go to the web browser home
page to download the most current version. All browsers interpret HTML 5 and CSS code in
slightly different ways. It is highly recommended that students have several different browsers
installed on their systems for comparison and, if possible, access to a mobile browser or a
mobile emulator. Students might also want to run older versions of these browsers to highlight
compatibility issues. The screenshots in this book were produced using Google Chrome 75
running on Windows 10 (64-bit), unless otherwise noted. If students are using different devices,
browsers, or operating systems, their screens might vary from those shown in the book; this
should not present any problems in completing the tutorials.
iii
iv New Perspectives Series
Margin Tips
Margin Tips provide helpful hints and shortcuts for more efficient use of the software. The Tips
appear in the margin at key points throughout each tutorial, giving students extra information
when and where they need it.
TRY IT Try It tips point to demo pages provided with the data folder for interactive exploration of key
concepts.
REVIEW Assessment
Retention is a key component to learning. At the end of each session, a series of Quick Check
CODE multiple choice questions helps students test their understanding of the material before mov-
DEBUG ing on. New with this edition are Coding Challenges and debugging exercises that focus on a
few key challenges. Engaging end-of-tutorial Review Assignments and Case Problems have
APPLY
always been a hallmark feature of the New Perspectives Series. Colorful bars and brief descrip-
CHALLENGE tions accompany the exercises, making it easy to understand both the goal and level of chal-
CRE ATE lenge a particular assignment holds.
REFERENCE Reference
Within each tutorial, Reference boxes appear before a set of steps to provide a succinct
GLOSSARY/INDEX
summary or preview of how to perform a task. In addition, each book includes a combination
Glossary/Index to promote easy reference of material.
HTML 5 and CSS, 8th Edition, Comprehensive v
MindTap
MindTap is a personalized learning experience with relevant assignments that guide students to
analyze, apply, and improve thinking, allowing you to measure skills and outcomes with ease.
For instructors: personalized teaching becomes yours with a Learning Path that is built with
key student objectives. Control what students see and when they see it. Use as-is, or match to
your syllabus exactly: hide, rearrange, add, or create your own content.
For students: a unique Learning Path of relevant readings, multimedia, and activities that guide
you through basic knowledge and comprehension to analysis and application.
Better outcomes: empower instructors and motivate students with analytics and reports that
provide a snapshot of class progress, time in course, engagement, and completion rates.
The MindTap for HTML 5 and CSS includes coding labs, study tools, and interactive quizzing,
all integrated into an eReader that includes the full content of the printed text.
Instructor Resources
We offer more than just a book. We have all the tools you need to enhance your lectures, check
students’ work, and generate exams in a new, easier-to-use and completely revised package. This
book’s Instructor’s Manual, Cognero testbank, PowerPoint presentations, data files, solution files,
figure files, and a sample syllabus are all available at sso.cengage.com.
Acknowledgments
I would like to thank the people who worked so hard to make this book possible. Special thanks
to my developmental editors, Deb Kaufmann and Ann Shaffer, for their hard work, attention
to detail, and valuable insights, and to Content Manager, Christina Nyren, who has worked tire-
lessly in overseeing this project and made my task so much easier with enthusiasm and good
humor. Other people at Cengage who deserve credit are Kristin McNary, Program Team Lead;
vi New Perspectives Series
Kate Mason, Learning Designer; Tom Benedetto, Product Assistant; Erin Griffin, Art Director;
Fola Orekoya, Manufacturing Planner; Lumina Datamatics Ltd., Compositor, as well as John
Freitas and Danielle Shaw, Technical Editors.
This book is dedicated to my wife Joan who is my inspiration and role model for her good
humor, dedication, and tireless support.
– Patrick Carey
HTML 5 and CSS, 8th Edition, Comprehensive vii
BRIEF CONTENTS
HTML Level I Tutorials
Tutorial 1 Getting Started with HTML 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 1
Creating a Website for a Food Vendor
Tutorial 2 Getting Started with CSS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 85
Designing a Website for a Fitness Club
Level II Tutorials
Tutorial 3 Designing a Page Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 175
Creating a Website for a Chocolatier
Tutorial 4 Graphic Design with CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 273
Creating a Graphic Design for a Genealogy Website
Tutorial 5 Designing for the Mobile Web. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 361
Creating a Mobile Website for a Daycare Center
Glossary REF 1
Index REF 11
viii New Perspectives Series
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iii SESSION 1.2���������������������������������������������������������HTML 22
Tools for Working with HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 6 Line Breaks and Other Empty Elements . . . . . . . HTML 38
Content Management Systems and Working with Block Quotes and Other Elements . . . HTML 39
Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 7
Session 1.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 45
Testing your Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 7
SESSION 1.3���������������������������������������������������������HTML 46
Exploring an HTML Document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 8
Working with Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 48
The Document Type Declaration . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 8
Ordered Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 48
Introducing Element Tags . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 9
Unordered Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 49
The Element Hierarchy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 10
Description Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 51
Introducing Element Attributes . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 11
Navigation Lists . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 55
Handling White Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 12
Working with Hypertext Links . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 57
Viewing an HTML File in a Browser . . . . . . . . . HTML 12
Turning an Inline Image into a Link . . . . . . . . . . HTML 59
Creating an HTML File . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 13
Specifying the Folder Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 60
Creating the Document Head . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 15
Absolute Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 61
Setting the Page Title . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 16
Relative Paths . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 61
Adding Metadata to the Document . . . . . . . . . . HTML 16
Setting the Base Path . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 62
Adding Comments to Your Document . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 18
Linking to a Location within a Document . . . . . . . . HTML 63
Session 1.1 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 21
HTML 5 and CSS, 8th Edition, Comprehensive ix
Marking Locations with the id Attribute . . . . . . . HTML 63 RGB Color Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 99
Anchors and the name Attribute . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 63 Defining Semi-Opaque Colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 102
Linking to the Internet and Other Resources . . . . . . HTML 64 Setting Text and Background Colors . . . . . . . . HTML 102
Linking to an Email Address . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 65 Session 2.1 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 107
Creating a Style Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 96 Session 2.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 133
Using Images for List Markers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 141 Working with Container Collapse . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 201
Setting the List Marker Position . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 142 Session 3.1 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 204
SESSION 3.1 �������������������������������������������������������HTML 176 Managing Space within a Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 234
Introducing the display Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 178 Alignment for a Single Grid Cell . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 235
Creating a Reset Style Sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 178 Aligning the Grid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 235
Exploring Page Layout Designs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 182 Session 3.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 237
Fixed, Fluid, and Elastic Layouts . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 182 SESSION 3.3 ������������������������������������������������������HTML 238
Working with Width and Height . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 184 Positioning Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 240
Setting Maximum and Minimum Dimensions . . HTML 184 The CSS Positioning Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 240
Centering a Block Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 187 Relative Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 240
Vertical Centering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 188 Absolute Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 241
Floating Page Content . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 189 Fixed and Inherited Positioning . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 244
Clearing a Float . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 193 Using the Positioning Styles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 244
Refining a Floated Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 197
HTML 5 and CSS, 8th Edition, Comprehensive xi
Handling Overflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 254 Gradients and Color Stops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 315
Session 3.3 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 260 Creating Semi-Transparent Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 322
Review Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 267 Session 4.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 324
Aligning Items along the Cross Axis . . . . . . . . . HTML 410 SESSION 6.2 �����������������������������������������������������HTML 476
Creating a Navicon Menu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 412 Creating Row Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 478
Session 5.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 417 Creating Column Groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 482
Exploring Digital Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 620 Working with the script Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 686
Video Formats and Codecs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 620 Loading the script Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 686
Using the HTML 5 video Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 621 Inserting the script Element . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 687
Adding a Text Track to Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 624 Creating a JavaScript Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 689
Making Tracks with WebVTT . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 625 Adding Comments to your JavaScript Code . . . HTML 689
Placing the Cue Text . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 628 Writing a JavaScript Command . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 690
Applying Styles to Track Cues . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 630 Understanding JavaScript Syntax . . . . . . . . . . HTML 691
Using Third-Party Video Players . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 634 Debugging Your Code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 692
Exploring the Flash Player . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 635 Opening a Debugger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 692
Embedding Videos from YouTube . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 636 Inserting a Breakpoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 694
HTML 5 Video Players . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 637 Applying Strict Usage of JavaScript . . . . . . . . . HTML 695
Session 8.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 639 Session 9.1 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 697
Creating Transitions with CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 642 Introducing Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 700
Setting the Transition Timing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 644 Referencing Object Collections . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 701
Delaying a Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 647 Referencing an Object by ID and Name . . . . . . HTML 703
Creating a Hover Transition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 647 Changing Properties and Applying Methods . . . . . HTML 704
Animating Objects with CSS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 652 Object Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 704
Session 8.3 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 666 Declaring a Variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 709
Review Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 673 Variables and Data Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 710
Tutorial 9 Getting Started with JavaScript Working with Date Objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 711
Creating a Countdown Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 681
Creating a Date Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 712
SESSION 9.1 �������������������������������������������������������HTML 682 Applying Date Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 713
Introducing JavaScript . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 684 Setting Date and Time Values . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 716
Server-Side and Client-Side Programming . . . . HTML 684 Session 9.2 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 717
HTML 5 and CSS, 8th Edition, Comprehensive xv
Working with Operators and Operands . . . . . . . . . HTML 720 Sorting an Array . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 764
Using Assignment Operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 720 Extracting and Inserting Array Items . . . . . . . . HTML 765
Calculating the Days Left in the Year . . . . . . . . HTML 721 Using Arrays as Data Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 766
Working with the Math Object . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 723 Session 10.1 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 769
Session 9.3 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 739 SESSION 10.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 786
Review Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 744 Introducing Conditional Statements . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 788
Case Problems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 746 Exploring the if Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 789
Tutorial 10 Exploring Arrays, Loops, and Conditional Nesting if Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 791
Statements Exploring the if else Statement . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 793
Creating a Monthly Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 751
Using Multiple else if Statements . . . . . . . . . . HTML 794
SESSION 10.1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 752
Completing the Calendar App . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 796
Introducing the Monthly Calendar . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 754
Setting the First Day of the Month . . . . . . . . . HTML 797
Reviewing the Calendar Structure . . . . . . . . . . HTML 755
Placing the First Day of the Month . . . . . . . . . HTML 798
Adding the calendar() Function . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 756
Writing the Calendar Days . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 799
Introducing Arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 757
Highlighting the Current Date . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 801
Creating and Populating an Array . . . . . . . . . . HTML 758
Displaying Daily Events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 803
Working with Array Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 761
xvi New Perspectives Series
Managing Program Loops and Conditional Appendix C Cascading Styles and Selectors . . HTML C1
Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 806
Appendix D Making the Web
Exploring the break Command . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 806
More Accessible. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML D1
Exploring the continue Command . . . . . . . . . . HTML 806
Appendix E Designing for the Web. . . . . . . . . . HTML E1
Exploring Statement Labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 807
Appendix F Page Validation with XHTML. . . . HTML F1
Session 10.3 Quick Check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 809
GLOSSARY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .REF 1
Review Assignments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . HTML 815
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Saatuaan ne sileiksi hän taittoi ne kokoon, pisti taskuunsa ja lähti
Katerina Ivanovnan luo tekemään selkoa siitä, miten hänen oli
onnistunut suorittaa tämän antama tehtävä.
Viides kirja
Pro ja contra
1.
Kihlaus
— Siksi, Lise, että jos hän ei olisi näitä rahoja polkenut jalkoihinsa,
vaan ottanut ne, niin hän kotiin tultuaan ehkä jo tunnin kuluttua olisi
alkanut itkeä omaa alennustaan, — niin olisi ehdottomasti käynyt.
Hän olisi itkenyt ja kenties huomenna heti päivän koittaessa tullut
luokseni ja kenties paiskannut minulle setelit ja polkenut ne
jalkojensa alle kuten äsken. Mutta nyt hän poistui hirveän ylpeänä ja
voitonriemuisena, vaikka tietääkin, että »syöksi itsensä turmioon».
Nyt siis ei mikään ole helpompaa kuin saada hänet ottamaan
vastaan nämä kaksisataa ruplaa jo huomenna, sillä hän on jo
osoittanut olevansa kunnian mies, hän on paiskannut rahat
menemään, polkenut niitä jaloillaan… Eihän hän voinut niitä
polkiessaan tietää, että minä tuon ne hänelle taas huomenna.
Toiselta puolen taas nämä rahat ovat hänelle hirveän tarpeelliset.
Vaikka hän nyt onkin ylpeä, niin kuitenkin hän tänäänkin ajattelee,
millaisen avun hän on menettänyt. Yöllä hän ajattelee sitä vielä
enemmän, näkee sen unissaan, ja huomisaamuna hän kenties on jo
valmis juoksemaan luokseni ja pyytämään anteeksi. Mutta silloinpa
juuri minä saavunkin: »Niin, te olette ylpeä mies, te olette sen
osoittanut, no niin, ottakaa nyt vastaan, antakaa meille anteeksi.»
Silloin hän ottaa!
— Mitä tämä vielä oli? Mikä teidän on? — huudahti Lise. Aljoša
joutui aivan ymmälle.
— Ei, en uskonut.
— Hyvä on, Lise, minä katson, mutta eikö olisi parempi olla
katsomatta, vai mitä? Miksi epäilisimme äitiänne semmoisesta
alhaisesta menettelystä?
— Ah, Herra Jumala, mikä siinä olisi alhaista? Jos olisi jokin
tavallinen keskustelu seuraelämässä ja minä asettuisin sitä salaa
kuuntelemaan, niin se olisi alhainen teko, mutta tässähän on oma
tytär kahden kesken eri huoneessa nuoren miehen kanssa…
Kuulkaa, Aljoša, tietäkää, että minä rupean pitämään silmällä myös
teitä heti, kun meidät on vihitty, ja tietäkää sekin, että minä avaan ja
luen kaikki teidän kirjeenne… Tämän te siis tiedätte nyt etukäteen…
— Niin, tietysti, jos kerran… — mutisi Aljoša, mutta se ei ole
hyvä…
— Niin sanoin.
— Mutta minäpä kenties en usko Jumalaankaan.
2.
Smerdjakov kitaran kera