LESSON 8: TABLE/ FLOW CHART COMPLETION

E.g 1: The world’s friendliest city

negative /ˈneɡ.ə.tɪv/ (adj): tiêu cực, xấu
bad or harmful
Ex. The crisis had a negactive effect on trade.
positive /ˈpɒz.ə.tɪv/ (adj): tích cực, tốt đẹp
good or useful
Ex. His family have been a very positive influence on him
inhabitant /ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/: người hay con vật sống ở 1 nơi nào đó
a person or an animal that lives in a particular place
Ex. a town of 11 000 inhabitants
lifestyle /ˈlaɪf.staɪl/ (n): lối sống
the way in which a person or a group of people lives and works.
Ex. It was a big change in lifestyle when we moved to the country.
reputation /ˌrep.jəˈteɪ.ʃən/ (n): danh tiếng
the opinion that people have about what somebody/something is like, based on
what has happened in the past
Ex. The company enjoys a world-wide reputation for quality of design.
pay attention to: chú ý/ quan tâm tới
To listen to, watch, or consider something or someone very carefully.
Ex. Pay particular attention to the warnings printed on the label.
be known for: được biết đến bởi vì cái gì
to be famous or known about by a lot of people because of something
Ex. The region is known for its fine wines.
tend /tend/ (v): có xu hướng làm cái gì
tend to do something to be likely to do something or to happen in a particular
way because this is what often or usually happens.
Ex. Women tend to live longer than men.
short of something
not having enough of something:
Ex. I’m a little short of cash right now, so I can’t lend you anything.
ignore /ɪɡˈnɔːr/ (v): làm ngơ, không để ý tới
ignore something to pay no attention to something
Ex. He ignored all the ‘No Smoking’ signs and lit up a cigarette.
stranger /ˈstreɪn.dʒər/ (n): người lạ
a person that you do not know
Ex. There was a complete stranger sitting at my desk.
BẢNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
Keywords in the questions Similar words in the passage
inhabitants people
lifestyle way of life
do not have much have less
have little be short of
has reputation for is known for
E.g 2: Freya Stark, explorer and writer
work as a + nghề: làm nghề gì
Ex. She worked as a cleaner at the hospital.
make a journey to = travel to: đi tới đâu
Ex. Last year, she made a journey to Spain.
further /ˈfɜː.ðər/ (adj): thêm vào, thêm nữa
more or extra
Ex. It cost me £50 a day and a further £60 for insurance.
join /dʒɔɪn/ (v): tham gia vào
join (something) to become a member of an organization, a company, a club, etc.
Ex. I’ve joined an aerobics class.
nurse /nɜːs/ (n): y tá
a person whose job is to take care of sick or injured people, usually in a hospital.
Ex. a qualified/ registered nurse
corps /kɔː(r)/ (n): 1 đội nào đó trong quân đội
one of the groups of an army with a special responsibility
Ex. the Royal Army Medical Corps
donkey /ˈdɒŋ.ki/ (n): con lừa
an animal of the horse family, with short legs and long ears. People ride donkeys
or use them to carry heavy loads.
search /sɜːtʃ/ (v): tìm kiếm, nghiên cứu
to look carefully for something/somebody; to examine a particular place when
looking for somebody/something
search (for something/somebody) She searched in vain for her passport.
award /əˈwɔːd/ (v): tặng, quyết định cấp cho cái gì
to make an official decision to give something to somebody as a payment, prize,
etc.
He was awarded damages of £50 000.
BẢNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
Keywords in the questions Similar words in the passage
learned studied
Made a journey to Travelled to
won Was awarded
A further The next
Exercise 1: Sheet glass manufacture: The Float Process
 BẢNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
Keywords in the questions Similar words in the passage
remained stayed
slow took a long time
varying virtually any
% percent
advantage /ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/ (n): ưu điểm
a quality of something that makes it better or more useful.
A small car has the added advantage of being cheaper to run.
disadvantage /ˌdɪs.ədˈvɑːn.tɪdʒ/ (n): nhược điểm
something that causes problems and tends to stop somebody/something from
succeeding or making progress
a serious/ severe/ considerable disadvantage
remain /rɪˈmeɪn/ (v) = stay + adj
linking verb to continue to be something; to be still in the same state or condition
+adj. to remain silent/ standing/ seated/ motionless
varying (adj): khác nhau
not all the same
staff members with varying levels of experience
machine /məˈʃiːn/ (n): máy móc
a piece of equipment with moving parts that is designed to do a particular job.
The power used to work a machine may be electricity, steam, gas, etc. or human
power.
Machines have replaced human labour in many industries.
labour-intensive /ˌleɪ.bər.ɪnˈten.sɪv/ (adj): tốn nhiều công sức
(of work) needing a lot of people to do it
labour-intensive methods
virtually /ˈvɜː.tʃu.ə.li/ (adv): hầu như
almost or very nearly, so that any slight difference is not important
to be virtually impossible
marked /mɑːkt/ (adj): bị dấu/ vết gì đó trên bề mặt
having an identifying mark
rub /rʌb/ (v): chà xát
to move your hand, or something such as a cloth, backwards and forwards over a
surface while pressing firmly
rub something She rubbed her chin thoughtfully.
Exercise 2: Secrets of the swarm
BẢNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
Keywords in the questions Similar words in the passage
explore possible nest sites investigate multiple sites
perform do
on their return when they return
enthusiasm the more vigorous and lengthy their
waggle dance
increase for on particular site builds up towards one site
a final choice is reached the decision is made
perform /pəˈfɔːm/ (v): trình diễn, biểu diễn
perform something
synonym carry out
to perform an experiment/ a miracle/ a ceremony
enthusiasm /ɪnˈθjuː.zi.æz.əm/ (n): sự nhiệt tình, nhiệt huyết
a strong feeling of excitement and interest in something and a desire to become
involved in it
enthusiasm (for something) I can’t say I share your enthusiasm for the idea.
spot /spɒt/ (n): địa điểm
a particular area or place
a quiet/ secluded/ lonely, etc.spot
lengthy /ˈleŋ.θi/ (adj): quá dài/ lâu
very long, and often too long, in time or size
lengthy delays
volume /ˈvɒl.juːm/ (n): lượng gì đó
the amount of space that an object or a substance fills; the amount of space that
a container has
How do you measure the volume of a gas?
build up: tăng = increase
to become greater, more powerful or larger in number
All the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.
democratic /ˌdem.əˈkræt.ɪk/ (adj): dân chủ
controlled by representatives who are elected by the people of a country;
connected with this system
a democratic country
Exercise 3: The Dover Bronze-age Boat
BẢNG TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA
Keywords in the questions Similar words in the passage
construction building
discovered discoveries
international many speakers came from overseas
took place was held
boat /bəʊt/ (n): con thuyền
a vehicle (smaller than ship) that travels on water, moved by oars, sails or a motor
a rowing/ sailing boat
held → V2/ V3 của hold /həʊld/ (v): tổ chức
hold something to have a meeting, competition, conversation, etc.
The meeting will be held in the community centre.
take place (v): diễn ra
to happen, especially after previously being arranged or planned
The film festival takes place in October.
feature /ˈfiː.tʃər/ (v): bao gồm, gồm có…
to included a particular person or thing as a special feature
feature somebody/something as somebody/something The film features Cary
Grant as a professor.
bring something to light: làm cho nhiều người biết tới
to make new information known to people
These facts have only just been brought to light.
host /həʊst/ (v): tổ chức
host something to organize an event to which others are invited and make all the
arrangements for them
South Africa hosted the World Cup finals.
conference /ˈkɒn.fər.əns/ (n): buổi hội nghị
a large official meeting, usually lasting for a few days, at which people with the
same work or interests come together to discuss their views.
The hotel is used for exhibitions, conferences and social events
overseas /ˌəʊ.vəˈsiːz/ (adv): nước ngoài
to or in a foreign country, especially those separated from your country by the sea
or ocean
synonym abroad
to live/ work/ go overseas
proposal /prəˈpəʊ.zəl/ (n): đề nghị, đề xuất
a formal suggestion or plan; the act of making a suggestion
to submit/ consider/ accept/ reject a proposal
reconstruct /ˌriː.kənˈstrʌkt/ (v): xây dựng lại
reconstruct something (from something) to build or make something again that
has been damaged or that no longer exists
Old London Bridge was bought by an American and reconstructed in the US.
launch /lɔːntʃ/ (n): cuộc khai trương/ triển khai/ phóng cái gì
the action of launching something; an event at which something is launched
the successful launch of the Ariane rocket
project /ˈprɒdʒ.ekt/ (n): dự án
a planned piece of work that is designed to find information about something, to
produce something new, or to improve something
a research project
exhibition /ˌek.sɪˈbɪʃ.ən/ (n): cuộc triển lãm
a collection of work, for example works of art, that are shown to the public
Have you seen the Picasso exhibition?