Al-assaf NOTES 07 (2)

Al-Assaf NOTES (PART 7), 7-9 December 2021
1. After a while patient complains of that the denture is too small for his mouth what does he have?
• Paget’s disease (Very important and many questions).
•
• Neville Maxillofacial Pathology
2. Which of the following diseases associated with hypercementosis?
•
3. Least intensity for QTH light cure?
• 300 mW/cm2
•
• Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 5e-Mosby
NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

4. Most Collagen in pulp is type?

• Type I and III but type I is more.
• Endodontics, Principles and Practice

5. Most common cell type in the pulp:
• Fibroblast (Produce collagen and has dual function of forming and resorbing collagen).
•
• Endodontics, Principles and Practice
6. Complication of Xerostomia with implant:
• Peri-implant mucositis
•
• Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology
7. Patient has hypertension and tells that she is wearing a tongue stabilizing appliance, what for?
• Sleep apnea
8. Anterior occlusion depend on what? (Determinants of anterior occlusion)
• Anterior occlusion:
• Horizontal overlap
• Vertical overlap
• Posterior occlusion:
• Articular eminence
• Glenoid Fossa
• Intercondylar distance
• Contemporary Fixed
Prosthodontics

9. Exophthalmos, Hypertelorism and unilateral posterior crossbite?

• Craniosynostosis syndromes commonly show these features.
• Craniosynostosis is early closure of cranial sutures.
• Crouzon’s Syndrome
•
• Apert Syndrome

10. HIV positive patient came you in the clinic.

• Ask for CD4 count (Mentioned before)
• Stage 1:
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte count of ≥500 cells/µL
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes of ≥29%
▪ Laboratory confirmation of HIV infection
▪ No AIDS-defining conditions
• Stage 2:
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte count of 200–499 cells/µL
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes of 14–28%
▪ No AIDS-defining conditions
• Stage 3 (AIDS):
▪ AIDS-defining condition
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte count of <200 cells/µL
▪ CD4+ T lymphocyte percentage of total lymphocytes of <14%
• Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient
11. Clinical wastes categories:
• Amalgam restoration
•
• Extracted tooth
• Extracted tooth with amalgam
•
• Infectious waste examples:
•
• Basic Guide to Infection Prevention and Control in Dentistry
12. When to treat patient with active TB?
•
13. Diabetic patient had RCT and his dentist gave him ibuprofen 600mg then the patient called the dentist and
told him that he is not feeling well, WHY?
• Hypoglycemia

14. Digoxin drug interaction with:

• With Macrolides -> Arrhythmia
• With Epinephrine -> Arrhythmia
•
15. Edentulous Patient with class II type of occlusion?
• Mentioned in previous parts with details for each class.
• In this case If patient has upper complete and lower class II -> Bilateral balanced occlusion.
• If Upper natural opposed with class II RPD or vice versa -> Working side contact only.
16. Management of patients with thumb-sucking habit:
• Nondental Intervention:
▪ Adult approach: Discussion between the child and the dentist, effective in older children.
▪ Reminder therapy: For the child who wants to quit but needs help, adhesive bandage.
▪ Reward system: Small tangible daily reward for not engaging in the habit.
▪ Elastic bandage: loosely wrapped around the elbow prevents the arm from flexing and the
fingers from being sucked.
• Appliance Therapy:
▪ Maxillary lingual arch with an anterior crib device.
▪ Leave the crib in place for 6 months after the habit has apparently been eliminated.
• Counseling— discuss and monitor habit is the first option, others if failed.
• Contemporary Orthodontics
17. Definition of Veracity
• The principle of veracity, or truth telling, requires that healthcare providers be honest in their
interactions with patients.
18. Definition of Autonomy
• Mentioned before DO (Autonomy) DO NOT (Violating autonomy)
• Professionalism and Ethics Handbook for Residents

19. Definition of Capacity
•
• Professionalism and Ethics Handbook for Residents

20. Type of occlusion upper CD opposite to lower RPD?

• Details about occlusion in RPD cases is mentioned in previous parts.
• Answer: Bilateral balanced occlusion for any case with upper complete regardless lower.
21. Function of Tissue stop in RPD framework?
• Stability to the framework during the stages of transfer and processing.
• Prevent distortion of the framework during acrylic-resin processing procedures.
• Provide uniform space for acrylic denture base
•
• McCracken's Removable Partial Prosthodontics
22. Sequel of loss of Vertical Dimension in Complete Denture?
• Temporomandibular joint damage
• Facial distortion
• Loss of muscle tone, and possibly angular cheilitis
• Appearance of the “nose being too close to the chin”
•
• Textbook of Complete Dentures, 6th Edition
23. Patient came wearing Complete denture with saliva in the corner of the mouth, what the cause?
• Occlusal plane of lower teeth is too high
•
24. Potentially destructive type of interferences?
• Bilateral balanced occlusion (BBO) for patient with normal dentition. (BBO for complete denture).
• For fixed prosthesis, unilateral balanced occlusion or mutually protected occlusion.
•
• Lateral forces in posterior teeth
•
• Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics

25. Patient came with interference between the distal of 14 and mesial of 44, what the type of interference?
• Protrusive interferences
• Types of occlusal interferences:
▪ Centric interferences:
▪ It is a premature contact that occurs when the mandible closes with the condyles in
their optimum position in the glenoid fossae (CR).
▪ It will cause deflection of the mandible in a posterior, anterior, and/or lateral
direction.
▪ Protrusive interferences:
▪ Between mesial inclines of maxillary teeth and distal inclines of mandibular teeth.
▪ It is a premature contact occurring between the mesial aspects of mandibular
posterior teeth and the distal aspects of maxillary posterior teeth.
▪ The proximity of the teeth to the muscles and the oblique forces makes them
potentially destructive.
▪ They also interfere with the patient's ability to incise properly
▪ Latero-trusive:
▪ Interferences on working side,
▪ It occurs when there is contact between the maxillary and mandibular posterior
teeth on the same side of the arches as the direction in which the mandible has
moved.
▪ Medio-trusive:
▪ Interferences on the nonworking side,
▪ It is an occlusal contact between maxillary & mandibular teeth on the side of the
arches opposite the direction in which the mandible moved in a lateral excursion.
▪ It has the potential for damaging the teeth.
26. Patient came complaining of excessively mobile RPD, Clinical examination show no mobility in teeth or
caries and the pressure on most distal extension shows no movement of indirect retainer, what the best
management? (I think some information are missing)
• Options: Reline or Rebase or Repair
• Most likely answer is repair.
27. What the function of the post?
• Retention of core
•
28. Patient came with missing 31,32,41 want FPD?
• 5 units FPD from 33-42
• 6 units Resin bond FPD from 33-43
• 6 units from 33-43 with extraction 42
• 6 units FPD 33-43 involving 42
• Mandibular lateral incisor is weak abutment.

29. Splitting time, about 4 Qs

• Intrusion: 4 weeks.
• Lateral luxation: 4 weeks.
• Dentoalveolar fracture: 4 weeks.
• Fracture roots: cervical -> 4 months, Middle and apical -> 4 months.
•
• International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic
Dental Injuries: 1. Fractures and Luxations
30. The most type of finishing and applicability composite?
• Nano-filled composite
•
• Hybrid composite
•
• Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 5e
31. Patient with sensitivity in cervical area of his teeth from non-carious cavity, what the restoration type?
• Composite in general
• If they mention reduced salivary flow or old patient material of choice is GIC or RMGI.
•
• Sturdevant’s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 5e
32. The most coupling agent used in composite.
• 3- Methacryloxypropyl-trimethoxy Silane
• Mentioned before.
33. Steps of metal framework try-in?
1. Inspect the framework off the master cast
2. Check the framework on the master cast
3. Check the framework in the mouth
5. Fit the framework to the abutment teeth
6. Adjusting the framework to the opposing occlusion
• Steps from article mentioned in McCracken's Removable Partial Prosthodontics

34. Type of force with headgear?

• Intermittent
• Types of orthodontic forces (by rate of decay):
▪ Continuous force: force maintained at some appreciable
fraction of the original from one patient visit to the next
visit.
▪ Interrupted force: force levels decline to zero between
activations.
▪ Intermittent force: force levels decline abruptly to zero
intermittently, when a removable orthodontic appliance
or elastic traction to a fixed appliance is removed by the
patient, and then return to the original level sometime
later when the appliance is reinserted, or the elastics are
replaced.
▪ Intermittent forces are produced by all patient-activated
appliances such as removable plates, functional
appliances, headgear, and elastics.
▪ Both continuous and interrupted forces can be produced
by fixed appliances that are constantly present.
35. Which instruments used for checking the occlusion with ala-tragal line?
• Fox-plane
•
36. Extraction in camouflage Class II, Class III, 4 MCQQs
•
• Think about division 1 and 2.
37. Why we not using iodophor for sterilization the dental instruments?
• No idea, could not find it in textbooks
38. Longest sitting time of the impression material?
• Polysulfide. Answered in previous parts, Table for all impression materials.

39. How to increase the setting time of alginate impression?

• Warm water
40. The autoclave pressure at 121 C?
• 15 psi
•
• Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
41. What is the time in minutes, for steam sterilization at 132C?
• 4 minutes
•
42. By which test we can monitor the autoclave?
• Spores test -> weekly.
• Chemical indicators -> Each cycle.
Basic Guide to Infection Prevention and Control in Dentistry

43. Picture of Nabers probe?

• Used for furcation involvement detection.
•
44. Picture of UNC-15 probe?
•
A. Marquis color-coded probe. Calibrations are in 3-mm sections.
B. University of North Carolina-15 probe, a 15-mm long probe with millimeter markings at each
millimeter and color coding at the fifth, tenth, and fifteenth millimeters.
C. University of Michigan “O” probe, with Williams markings (at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 9, and 10 mm).
D. Michigan “O” probe with markings at 3, 6, and 8 mm.
E. World Health Organization (WHO) probe, which has a 0.5-mm ball at the tip and millimeter
markings at 3.5, 8.5, and 11.5 mm and color coding from 3.5 to 5.5 mm.
Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology
45. Picture of Ludwig’s angina?
•
• The most common cause of Ludwig’s angina is an odontogenic infection.
• When the peri-mandibular spaces (submandibular, sublingual, and submental) are bilaterally
involved in an infection.

46. Picture of RPI clasp?

• RPI (rest, proximal plate, and I-bar component parts of the clasp assembly).
•
• Indications for use of a bar clasp arm include:
▪ When a small degree of undercut (0.01 inch).
▪ For tooth-supported partial dentures or tooth-supported modification areas.
▪ In distal extension base situations.
▪ Esthetic considerations must be accommodated, and a cast clasp is indicated.
47. Picture of x-ray before and after and ask about the outcome?
• Healing – Healed (Both examples below) – Failed
•
• Cohen's Pathways of the Pulp Expert Consult
48. Patient, came with swelling buccal to 15, came after non-surgical periodontal treatment, there is isolated
pocket 5mm in MB area, what the management?
• Surgical exploration (Option in the question).
• Deep scaling and root planning (Option in the question).
• Local delivery of antibiotics (if this answer available, correct).

49. Analgesic of asthmatic patient?

• Acetaminophen.
• Narcotics and NSAIDs should be avoided.
• Common question, What drug is contraindicated for asthmatic patient -> Barbiturates.
•
50. Which syndrome associated with congenital heart disease?
• Trisomy 21 Syndrome (Down Syndrome)
• McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent
51. Patient with missing #21, 17 want RPD, what type of articulation you be used?
• Hand articulation
•
52. Which nerve responsible for sensory of TMJ?
• Auriculotemporal nerve from trigeminal nerve.
•
53. Patient complains of missing anterior teeth, and want RPD what the type of teeth you will be used?
• Types of anterior teeth in RPD:
▪ Porcelain or resin teeth, attached to the framework with acrylic-resin.
▪ Ready-made resin teeth processed directly to retentive elements on the metal framework
with a matching resin.
▪ Resin teeth processed to a metal framework in the laboratory.
▪ Porcelain or acrylic-resin facings cemented to the denture framework.
▪ Anterior resin denture teeth can be modified to be used as resin veneers, the same as for
veneer crowns and veneer pontics on fixed partial dentures.
54. Patient with limited interocclusal distance need RPD what type of denture based you will used?
• Metal mesh is used when there is limited space compared to lattice.
•

55. At what stage the NUG exposed the alveolar bone?

• Horning and Cohen 1995, Multiple questions
▪ STAGE 1: Necrosis of tip of Inter dental papilla
▪ STAGE 2: Necrosis of entire papilla
▪ STAGE 3: Necrosis extending to the gingival margin
▪ STAGE 4: Necrosis extending to Attached gingiva
▪ STAGE 5: Necrosis into Buccal/Labial Mucosa
▪ STAGE 6: Necrosis exposing Alveolar Bone
▪ STAGE 7: Necrosis perforating skin of cheek
56. What type of Hazards of using Retraction cord with epinephrine?
• Tachycardia
•
57. Calculate the dose of ibuprofen for child 30kg?
• 120 – 300mg

58. Patient complains of pain appear with washing the face bilaterally in the face in the same branch of
trigeminal neuralgia, what the diagnosis?
• Multiple sclerosis
•
59. Composition of amalgam?
• Important notes about amalgam composition:
• Low-copper amalgam alloys contain 2% to 5% Cu.
• Low-copper amalgam alloy may contain 69.4% Ag, 26.2% Sn, 3.6% Cu, and 0.8% Zn.
• High-copper amalgam alloys contain 12% to 30% Cu, and because of their higher copper content,
these alloys display significantly better corrosion resistance than low-copper amalgams.
• High-copper amalgam alloy may contain 60% Ag, 27% Sn, 13% Cu, and 0% Zn.
• The advantage of the added copper is that it preferentially reacts with the tin and prohibits the
formation of the more corrosive phase (gamma-two) within the amalgam mass.
• Sturdevant_s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 5e

60. Acid base reaction?

• GIC
• Other materials with acid-base reaction:
▪ Calcium hydroxide.
▪ Reinforced ZOE (IRM).
▪ Zinc Phosphate cement.
▪ Polycarboxylate cement.
• Comparison between different tooth-colored restorations:

61. Indications of relining:
• Definition: procedure to resurface the tissue (intaglio) surface of an existing denture with new
denture base material.
• Two indications for relining of a distal extension removable partial denture base:
▪ First, loss of occlusal contact between opposing dentures or teeth.
▪ Second, loss of tissue support that causes rotation and settling of the distal extension base
or bases is obvious when alternate finger pressure is applied on either side of the fulcrum
line.
• Indications for relining of complete denture:
▪ Changes: Reduced OVD, facial changes, excessive bone loss under the prostheses.
▪ If these changes are not too great, and the dentures are still in reasonably good condition,
these problems may be corrected by relining the dentures.
▪ Other indications for relining may have to do with flange length problems or nondisplaced
fractures of existing dentures.
62. Indications of rebasing:
• Definition: The laboratory process of replacing entire denture base material on an existing denture
without changing the occlusal relations of the teeth. (Teeth may be changed).
• Indications:
▪ Unhygienic conditions and trapping of debris between denture base and residual ridge.
▪ Unsightly condition that results from the space that has developed.
▪ Patient discomfort associated with lack of tissue contact that arises from open spaces
between the denture base and the tissue.
• Textbook of Complete Dentures
63. Gracey curette used for molar mesially?
• Gracey 11-12.
•

64. Questions about Kennedy classification?
• Answers: A. CL IV B. CL II Mod 2 C. CL I Mod 1 D. CL III Mod 3

E. CL III Mod 1 F. CL III Mod 1 G. CL IV H. CL II
I. CL III Mod 5 McCracken's Removable Partial Prosthodontics

65. Test for Sjogren syndrome?

• Anti-SS-A
• Diagnosis of SS:
▪ Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are also present in 75% to 85% of patients.
1. Anti-SS-A (anti-Ro)
2. Anti-SS-B (anti-La)
▪ Labial salivary gland biopsy: a focus score ≥1 focus/4 mm2.
▪ Keratoconjunctivitis sicca with ocular staining score ≥3.
• Classification Criteria for Sjögren Syndrome
▪ Primary Sjögren: sicca (Dry) syndrome alone; no other autoimmune disorder is present.
▪ Secondary Sjögren: the patient manifests sicca syndrome in addition to another associated
autoimmune disease of connective tissue: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid
arthritis (most common), scleroderma.
• Parotid sialo-gram demonstrating atrophy and punctate sialectasia (“fruit-laden, branchless tree”).
• Patients with Sjögren syndrome have a lifetime risk for lymphoma of 5% to 15%, which is estimated
to be about 20 times greater than the general population.
• The above INFO are frequently asked about in the exam.
66. Pemphigoid lesion shows which of the following histopathological examination?
• Sub-epithelial clefts.
•
• Direct immunofluorescence of pemphigus valgaris shows “chicken wire” or “honey-comb” pattern.
• All these lesions mostly treated by corticosteroids.
67. Adverse effect of long-term use of corticosteroids:
•

68. Picture of lead poisoning?

69. Palatal crip:
• Fixed cemented appliance to break the habit of thumb-sucking. A crib is most effective in a child who
wants to stop the thumb or finger habit and accepts the crib as a reminder.
• Crib device is effective in extinguishing thumb-sucking in 85% to 90% of patients.
•
70. Anorexia nervosa / Bulimia nervosa:

• Anorexia nervosa is characterized by severe restriction of food
intake, leading to weight loss and the medical sequelae of starvation.
• Bulimia nervosa is characterized by attempts at restriction are
interspersed with binge eating followed by various methods of trying
to rid the body of food. These include induced vomiting (often by
means of a finger in the throat or with syrup of ipecac), laxatives, and
diuretics
•

71. Clasp in opposite side for Kennedy class II with good oral hygiene?
• Embrasure clasp, AKA (Double circuit, Double Acker, Butterfly clasp).
• Embrasure clasps have two retentive clasp arms & two reciprocal clasp arms that are bilaterally or
diagonally opposed.
•
• NOTE, Multiple clasp is simply consists of two opposing circumferential clasps joined at the terminal
end of the two reciprocal arms. It may be used rather than an embrasure clasp when the only
available retentive areas are adjacent to each other. Its disadvantage is that two embrasure
approaches are necessary rather than a single common embrasure for both clasps.
•
72. Bacteria causes endocarditis:
• The species that most commonly cause endocarditis are:
▪ Streptococcus sanguis,
▪ Streptococcus oralis (mitis),
▪ Streptococcus salivarius,
▪ Streptococcus mutans,
▪ AGemella morbillorum (formerly called Streptococcus morbillorum).
• Indication for prophylactic antibiotic for cardiac patients & dental procedures:
Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient

73. Causes of angular cheilitis?

• Microbiologic studies have indicated that
▪ 20% of these cases are caused by C. albicans alone,
▪ 60% are due to a combined infection with C. albicans and Staphylococcus aureus, and
▪ 20% are associated with S. aureus alone.
• Causes: Idiopathic, immunosuppression, loss of vertical dimension.

74. Iron deficiency sequela?
• The severe, chronic form known as the Plummer-Vinson or Paterson-Kelly syndrome (MCQs).
• General features: Fatigue, easy tiring, palpitations, lightheadedness, and lack of energy.
• Oral manifestations: Angular cheilitis and atrophic glossitis or generalized oral mucosal atrophy.
• Treatment: oral ferrous sulfate.

75. Absolute contraindication of implant?
• Acutely ill patients.
• Uncontrolled metabolic disease.
• Severe psychologic conditions.
• If option, such (No absolute contraindications) it is the correct answer.

76. Read about body dysmorphia?

• Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD), or body dysmorphia, is a mental health condition where a person
spends a lot of time worrying about flaws in their appearance. These flaws are often unnoticeable to
others. People of any age can have BDD, but it's most common in teenagers and young adults. It
affects both men and women.
• Could not find it in SDLE references.
• https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/
77. Diabetic patient is more susceptible to:
• Periodontal abscess
•
78. Drug causes elevation of blood pressure in patient on non-selective beta blocker:
• Avoid prolonged use of NSAIDs—may reduce antihypertensive effects.
• Vasoconstrictor interactions: potential increase in blood pressure (use maximum of 0.036 mg of epinephrine).
• Blood pressure classification:
•
• Oral adverse effect of antihypertensives:
▪ Thiazide Diuretics (MCQ): Dry mouth, lichenoid reactions.
▪ Non-Selective Beta Blockers: Taste changes, lichenoid reactions.
▪ Calcium Channel Blockers: Gingival overgrowth.
79. Interface failure is an example of
• Adhesive failure.
•
• Adhesive failure: occurs between different materials.
• Cohesive failure: occurs in the same material.
Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics

80. Cement for post-cementation:

• Adhesive resin luting agents.
•
81. Post insertion with pressure or not:
• Gently without pressure.
•
82. Which of the following mediums should not be used because it could cause tissue toxicity:
• Saline
• Sodium hypochlorite
• Diluted chlorhexidine
• Alkaline Perborate
• Disadvantages of denture cleaners:
•
83. Patient with upper complete denture for 5 years, patient complain form inability to chew:
• Remake
• Rebase
• Reline
• Question is not clear, I could not find direct answer, but one indication of remaking is if issue is
related to artificial teeth, 5 years is a hint for wear of teeth.
84. Premolar to premolar flap
• Genioplasty
•
85. Which of the following is a reciprocating endodontic files system:
• Endo-Eze, WaveOne, Reciproc (Examples for Reciprocation systems).
• EndoSequence, ProFile Vortex, ProTaper Universal, K3, ProFile (Rotary systems).

86. Bur used for occlusal rest seat preparation:

• Occlusal rest: Round multi-fluted or carbide burs.
• Cingulum rest: pear-shaped, inverted cone, multi-fluted burs.
• Guiding plane: straight, multi-fluted enamel-plasty bur.

87. If a clasp constructed without retentive arm, what is the consequences:
• Instability and loss of retention are logic answers.
88. HIV patient with bilateral white lesion on the sides of the tongue, how to manage?
• Reassure

89. Patient with severe cardiovascular conditions with lower limb pitting edema, what is the diagnosis?
• Heart failure

90. Tooth with horizontal root fracture:

• Splint: of cervical -> 4 months, if middle of apical -> 4 weeks.
• RCT, if indicated, to fracture line, apical portion usually vital.
•
• International Association of Dental Traumatology Guidelines for the Management of Traumatic
Dental Injuries: 1. Fractures and Luxations
91. White lesion on the buccal mucosa, tongue, and vestibule that cannot be rubbed off, management:
• Reassure (white sponge nevus or hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis).

92. Patient with INR 2.9, ready for surgery and had prophylactic antibiotics, adverse effect is:
• Reduced INR
• Increased INR
• Angina
• Heart failure
• If the antibiotics given was metronidazole,
tetracycline, or penicillin, it will increase the
INR if the patient is on warfarin.
• Dental Management of the Medically
Compromised Patient
93. Dose of epinephrine for patient with cardiovascular disease:
• 0.04mg, mentioned in previous parts.

94. Malignant tumor in lower lip:

95. Most common site for carcinoma in the oral cavity:
• Tongue (Posterio-lateral and ventral) and floor of the mouth.
•
96. Mylohyoid and platysma muscles are borders for which space:
• Sub-mandibular space. Contemporary Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery

97. Inferior border of the submandibular space

• Digastric tendon.
• Check previous table.
98. MTA drawback in pulp capping:
• Causes pulp canal obliteration & discoloration.
•
99. Case for pediatric patient, 1ry molar is indicated for pulpotomy, what is the material of choice?
• MTA followed by ferric sulfate.
•
100. Limitation of using EPT
• Cannot used for pregnant
• Cannot used with metallic restoration
101. Management of sub-crestal perforation
• Bio-ceramic or MTA
•
• Factors that affect the prognosis of perforation repair:
▪ Location of perforation,
1. More apical the perforation site, the more favorable is the prognosis.
2. Difficulty of repair:
a. Easy: furcal floor of a multirooted tooth or in the coronal one third of a
straight canal (access perforation),
b. More difficult: middle one third of the canal (strip or post perforations),
c. Most difficult: apical one third of the canal (instrumentation errors),
▪ Time delay before perforation repair: as early as possible, hence; contamination and PDL.
▪ Ability to seal the defect:
▪ Previous contamination with microorganisms.
• Endodontics, Principles and practice.

102. Patient positive to cold test and negative to EPT, diagnosis

• I think there are some missing data, but this could help.
•

103. Perio-endo lesions:

• Primary Endodontic:
▪ Endodontic lesions resorb bone apically and laterally and destroy the attachment apparatus
adjacent to a nonvital tooth.
▪ Tx: complete resolution is usually anticipated after nonsurgical endodontic therapy, without
any periodontal treatment.
• Primary Periodontal:
▪ Osseous lesions of periodontal origin are usually associated with tooth mobility, and the
affected teeth respond positively to pulp testing and tooth have no or little caries.
▪ Tx: Because this is purely a periodontal problem, the prognosis depends exclusively on the
outcome of periodontal therapy. Endodontic treatment not required.
• Primary Endodontic and Secondary Periodontal:
▪ These lesions have a necrotic root canal and plaque or calculus accumulation, demonstrable
by a probe and radiograph. Radiographs may show generalized periodontal disease with
angular defects at the initial site of the endodontic involvement.
▪ Tx: Treatment of both conditions, RCT first.
• Primary Periodontal and Secondary Endodontic:
▪ The tooth with primary periodontal and secondary endodontic disease exhibits deep
pocketing, with a history of extensive periodontal disease and, possibly, past treatment.
When the pulp becomes involved, the patient often reports accentuated pain and clinical
signs of pulpal disease. Hence, tooth with no or little caries.
• True combined:
▪ Pulpal and periodontal disease may occur independently or concomitantly in and around the
same tooth. Once the endodontic and periodontal lesions coalesce, they may be clinically
indistinguishable. Hence, Tooth is carious or inadequately treated.


104. Treatment of sinusitis:
• Odontogenic: Penicillin, Clindamycin, Metronidazole.
• Non-odontogenic: Amoxicillin, Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Amoxicillin-Clavulanate,
Azithromycin, and Cefuroxime.
•
• Bacteria involved in sinusitis:
▪ Nonodontogenic sinusitis: organisms usually found within the nasal cavity, The causative
bacteria are primarily aerobic, and a few are anaerobes.
▪ Odontogenic sinusitis: aerobic and anaerobic.
•

105. Which is the recommended alternative for penicillin:

• 600mg clindamycin.
•
• Doses of amoxicillin, Clindamycin and Azithromycin are important.
106. Which require immediate intervention
• Bilateral cross bite (usually skeletal due to constricted maxilla).
• Anterior cross bite (usually skeletal due to prognathic mandible or small maxilla).
• Unilateral cross bite (Functional crossbite, treated by occlusal adjustment).
•

107. Saliva entering from the posterior palatal area of complete denture, how to manage?
• Polishing
108. Patient feeling sensitivity with cold water, diagnosis
• Hypersensitivity
•
109. Controlled diabetic patient present for extraction, the related tooth had swelling, how to manage?
• Incision, Endo treatment, and antibiotics.
•
110. Effect of clamping the gingiva:
• Loss of epithelium (Choice in the question).
• Recession (Choice in the question).
• Healing
•
111. Patient with anterior veneers had a small fracture in incisal area that is not noticeable, management?
• Polishing (Correct choice in the question).
• Remake (Choice in the question).
•
112. Non vital bleaching
• Sodium peroxide
•

113. Acid –pumice abrasion technique is used for

• Used only for mild staining & surface enamel opacities.
• Micro-abrasion:
▪ The surface dissolution of the enamel by the acid along with the abrasiveness of the pumice
to remove superficial stains or defects.
▪ Indications:
1. A developmental discolored spot (opaque white or light brown)
2. Surface discolorations resulting from fluorosis also can be removed if it is within the
0.2- to 0.3-mm removal depth limit.
▪ After treatment, a topical fluoride is applied to the teeth to enhance remineralization.
• Macro-abrasion:
▪ Macro-abrasion simply uses a 12-fluted composite finishing bur or a fine grit finishing
diamond in a high-speed handpiece to remove the defect.
▪ Indications:
1. Localized, superficial white spots.
2. Superficial enamel defects.
114. Which condition does not require prophylactic antibiotics?
• No need for prophylactic in coronary artery bypass
•
115. Patient lower anterior tooth is large, the tooth has 2 pulp chambers and 2 pulp canals
• Fusion vs Gemination (Depending on number of teeth, but likely answer is Fusion).
• Mentioned before in previous parts.
116. Case scenario for Professionalism. Professionalism and Ethics Handbook for Residents

117. Prognosis of coronal root fracture:
•
118. Dentist doing border molding for complete denture and applied the greenstick compound on all borders
at once, what is the mistake?
• It should be applied in small increments
• NOTE: one step can be done if using rubber base impression material.
• Textbook of Complete Dentures, 6th Edition Page 113.
119. RCT tooth, after 8 months follow up appointment, PDL space is normal and no symptoms?
• Healing.
• Outcome table was mentioned in this part.
120. What is the most difficult area for scaling and root planning?
• Maxillary 1st premolar.
•
121. Patient in insertion appointment, occlusion and relation between upper and lower teeth are proper, but
patient has excessive incisal show, what is the likely cause?
• Improper lip support could be the answer but other reasons should be considered.

122. Multiple questions about VRF diagnosis and management
• Endodontics, principles and practice

123. Most common area for amalgam fracture
• Isthmus area
•
124. Upper canine occluded between lower canine and lower lateral, Classification?
• Class II
125. In complete denture case, the Anterior teeth arranged buccal and superior, this will cause what?
• Affect V and F sounds.

Al-assaf NOTES 07 (2)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

Al-assaf NOTES 07 (2)

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Al-assaf NOTES 07 (2)

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Al-Assaf NOTES (PART 7), 7-9 December 2021

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

4. Most Collagen in pulp is type?

• Endodontics, Principles and Practice

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

9. Exophthalmos, Hypertelorism and unilateral posterior crossbite?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

10. HIV positive patient came you in the clinic.

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

14. Digoxin drug interaction with:

• Professionalism and Ethics Handbook for Residents

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

20. Type of occlusion upper CD opposite to lower RPD?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

29. Splitting time, about 4 Qs

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

34. Type of force with headgear?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

39. How to increase the setting time of alginate impression?

Basic Guide to Infection Prevention and Control in Dentistry

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

43. Picture of Nabers probe?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

46. Picture of RPI clasp?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

49. Analgesic of asthmatic patient?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

55. At what stage the NUG exposed the alveolar bone?

• McDonald and Avery's Dentistry for the Child and Adolescent

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

60. Acid base reaction?

• Sturdevant_s Art and Science of Operative Dentistry, 5e

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

64. Questions about Kennedy classification?

• Answers: A. CL IV B. CL II Mod 2 C. CL I Mod 1 D. CL III Mod 3

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

65. Test for Sjogren syndrome?

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

68. Picture of lead poisoning?

• Neville Maxillofacial Pathology

70. Anorexia nervosa / Bulimia nervosa:

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

73. Causes of angular cheilitis?

• Neville Maxillofacial Pathology

• Neville Maxillofacial Pathology

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

76. Read about body dysmorphia?

Contemporary Fixed Prosthodontics

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

80. Cement for post-cementation:

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

86. Bur used for occlusal rest seat preparation:

• McCracken's Removable Partial Prosthodontics

• Neville Maxillofacial Pathology

NOTES By: Moath Al-assaf Twitter: @mo3ath44

90. Tooth with horizontal root fracture: