The Moon

Anyone taking the trouble to look (1) ... on a clear moonlit night cannot fail to be moved
by the sight of our sister planet hanging up there in the sky like a silver ball casting (2) ...
shadows on the Earth below. Few (3) ... objects can have had such an influence over
religion and the arts. And never is the Moon's visual impact more (4) ... than when it is
full and just above the distant horizon. Under these conditions, the apparent (5) ... of
the lunar disc to familiar terrestrial objects makes the Moon appear to be very much larger
and closer than normal. But the fact that our (6) ... eyes still cannot discern more than just
a few dark blotches on its surface demonstrates that this effect must indeed be just an (7) ...
illusion. The light from the Moon cannot really become (8) ... as it passes
at a grazing angle through our atmosphere.

1. UP => UPWARDS

2. GHOST => GHOSTLY

3. ANIMATE => INANIMATE

4. IMPRESS => IMPRESSIVE

5. PROXIMATE=> PROXIMITY

6. AID => UNAIDED

7. OPTICS => OPTICAL

8. INTENSE => INTENSIFIED

 Nursery
The nursery industry is literally a growing industry. It produces billions of plants every
year, making (1) ... contributions to the forestry, vegetable, fruit, landscape, cut flower
and parks industries. There will always be a demand for plants and, in turn, there will
be a need for nurseries. Throughout the world, nurseries come in all types and sizes.
Many are small family businesses, sometimes just a small hobby business to (2) ...
the family's normal source of income. At the other end of the scale are large (3) ...
enterprises that employ dozens of people and grow millions of plants. No matter what
size, a nursery always needs good management if it is to be (4) ... viable. This aims to
show how to make a difference to the financial viability of any nursery (5) ... of size and type.
Nursery (6) ... schemes are an important new development in both the production and retail
sectors. The schemes operate in many countries, with the aim of raising the status and (7) ...
of the nursery industry. The programs differ in their (8) ... focus and assessment procedures.

1. STANDING => OUTSTANDING

2. SUPPLY => SUPPLEMENT

3. MERCHANT => ………………………..

4. FINANCE => FINANCIALLLY

5. RESPECT => IRRESPECTIVE

6. CREDIT => ……………………….

7. PROFESS => PROFESSIONALISM

8. TECHNOLOGY => TECHNOLOGICAL

 Technology

The twentieth century witnessed a (1) ... change in the relationship between science and society.

In World War I scientists were conscripted and died in the trenches. In World War II they were

exempted as national treasures and committed to (2) ..., and they rallied behind their country's

war effort. The explanation of the change is not hard to find - governments came to believe that

(3) ... research can produce practical improvements in industry, agriculture, and medicine. The

belief was firmly (4) ... by developments such as the discovery of antibiotics and the

(5) ... of nuclear physics to the production of atomic weapons. Science became so identified

with practical benefits that the dependence of technology on science is (6) ... assumed to be a

(7) ... relationship and a single enterprise. Science and technology, research and development -

these are assumed to be almost (8) ... twins. These rank among the sacred phrases of our time.

The belief in the coupling of science and technology is now petrified in the dictionary definition of

technology as applied science.

1. MOMENT => MOMENTARY

2. SECRET => SECRECY

3. THEORY => THEORETICAL

4. FORCE => REINFORCED

5. APPLY => APPLICATION

6. COMMON => COMMONLY

7. TIME => TIMELESS

8. SEPARATE => INSEPARABLE

 First Flights
The idea of flight is nearly as old as human imagination. Inspired by birds and religion,
(1) ... every epoch of recorded human history includes references to flight in its art,
history, music, and literature. The ancient Egyptians (2) ... winged gods, the Greeks
(3) ... the legend of Icarus's risky business, and formidable Teutonic maidens celebrated
the ride of the Valkyries in song. Despite all of that, ancient civilizations left almost no credible
records of attempts to actually achieve mechanical powered flight. The (4) ... are few and
far between . In about 400 B.C. , the misty (5) ... figure of Archytas of Tarantum may
have built and flown a wooden dove powered by a steam jet. Armin Firmen, an Arab savant,
actually attempted a flight at Cordoba, Spain, in 852. Four centuries later, Roger Bacon, an
English Franciscan friar, made vague (6) ... in his writings to an ornithopter, a man-powered
machine that duplicated the flapping motion of birds. However, since human muscles are not
strong enough to (7) ... a man to fly, that contraption was doomed to failure. Others who
replicated his machine in one form or another achieved equally (8) ... results.

1. VIRTUE => VIRTUALLY

2. WORTH => WORSHIPPED
3. COUNT => RECOUNTED
4. EXCEPT => EXCEPTIONS
5. HISTORY => HISTORICAL
6. REFER => REFERENCES
7. ABLE => ENABLE
8. SATISFY => UNSATISFACTORY
 Babylonian Astronomy

Although the Babylonians did not contribute to cosmology, their astronomy is of

great interest because the (1) ... data they accumulated would later be of the

(2) ... importance in the development of Greek geometric astronomy and cosmology. The

(3) ... of Babylonian astronomy was preceded many centuries earlier by the appearance

of a very advanced mathematics, documented in cuneiform clay tablets dating back

to 1700 B.C. and earlier. This mathematics was based on a base-60 positional (4) ...

system and contained solutions to quadratic (5) ... and algorithms to compute the square

roots of numbers. Although there was some interest in geometry, the Babylonians (6) ...

the arithmetic and algebraic parts of mathematics. There was during this older period, (7) ...

development of astronomy in even its most (8) ... empirical form. It was only much later,

beginning around 600 B.C. that a sophisticated numerical astronomy was cultivated.

1. ASTRONOMY => astronomical

2. MOST => utmost

3. EMERGE => emergence

4. NUMERATE => numeration

5. EQUATE => equations

6. EMPHASIS => emphasize

7. COMPARE => incomparable

8. RUDIMENTS => …………………………