Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Time Magazine Taylor Swift
Time Magazine Taylor Swift
25, 2023
time.com
DEC. 25, 2023
ATHLETE
OF THE
YEAR
Soccer great
LIONEL
MESSI
time.com
DEC. 25, 2023
CEO
OF THE
YEAR
OpenAI leader
SAM
ALTMAN
time.com
C H R O MO D O R I S K U IT E R I
VOL . 202, NOS. 21–22 | 2023
10
From the
Editor
18
The Year
In . . .
86 40
Best of THE CHOICE
Culture B y S a m J a c ob s
58 42
CEO OF
THE YEAR PERSON OF
SAM THE YEAR
A LTM A N
B y Na i n a B a j e k a l
TAY LOR
a n d B i l l y P e r r i go
SWIFT
By Sam Lansky
70
ATHLETE OF
THE YEAR
LIONEL
MESSI
B y S e a n G re go r y
78
THE NATION
BUILDERS
B y Ka rl V i c k a n d
Ya s m e e n S e rh a n
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P L E A S E E N J O Y C H A M P A G N E R E S P O N S I B LY
FROM THE EDITOR
Collect
them all
This year’s Person of
the Year issue comes
with three different
The people behind Sean Gregory has written or co-written all
of TIME’s Athlete of the Year profiles since we
covers, seen at left.
Want to pick up the
Person of the Year first created the recognition in 2019. For this
year’s edition, Sean interviewed and profiled
full set? Scan the
QR code above with
THIS PAST SEPTEMBER, OUR EDITORS Lionel Messi, one of the most successful soccer your phone to find
and reporters gathered to debate who should players of all time. The accompanying cover more information
be TIME’s Person of the Year. The annual image was created by illustrator (and soccer about purchasing
individual copies.
staff conversation is both entertaining and fan) Neil Jamieson.
contentious, as we argue about which one Also for this issue, Karl Vick traveled to Photographs by
person or group of people, of the nearly Israel following the Oct. 7 Hamas massacre. Inez and Vinoodh
for TIME
8 billion alive today, had the most influence, Karl—who was previously TIME’s bureau
for good or ill, on the year. From that first chief in Israel—and London-based staff writer
conversation, teams of reporters set out to Yasmeen Serhan set out to find individuals
cover the most promising candidates. The who have made a difference supporting fellow
result is the issue you hold in your hands, citizens since the outbreak of the Israel-Hamas
and the words, photographs, and videos that War. Magnum photographer Moises Saman
appear on your screens. took portraits to accompany their stories.
Sam Lansky, the writer of this year’s Photography for the issue was over-
Person of the Year profile of Taylor Swift, has seen by Katherine Pomerantz, Dilys Ng,
known the singer for over a decade through Sangsuk Sylvia Kang, and Kara Milstein;
his work as an editor. Earlier this fall he video by Justine Simons and Alex Robson; Photograph by
Joe Pugliese
visited with Swift at home for her first in- art direction by Chelsea Kardokus, Chrissy for TIME
depth conversation with a journalist in nearly Dunleavy, and D.W. Pine, who has now cre-
four years. With her three Person of the Year ated 14 years of Person of the Year covers.
covers, photographed by Inez and Vinoodh, Digital-audience strategy was led by Samantha
Swift makes her fourth, fifth, and sixth Cooney. And, working alongside Lori Fradkin,
appearances on our cover. It’s been 14 years Kelly Conniff—who is marking her 11th year at
since Swift’s first interview with TIME, when TIME—oversaw the entire project. “This issue
the 19-year-old took questions from her tour demonstrates how many shapes influence can
bus on Hollywood Boulevard, brushing off take,” Kelly said. “To be able to include news-
concerns about trading a college experience making interviews with Altman, Messi, and
for touring as a musician. “No matter what Swift, three of the most captivating people in
Illustration by
path you choose,” she said, “you’re going to the world, each for radically different reasons, Neil Jamieson
miss something, and I don’t want to miss this.” makes this year’s Person of the Year particu- for TIME
For the 2023 CEO of the Year story, Naina larly special.”
Bajekal and Billy Perrigo visited San Francisco
to meet with Sam Altman; he spoke with TIME
three times in November, both before and after
Altman was removed from and returned to his
position leading the world’s most influential
AI company. Their profile, accompanied
by portraits created by photographer Joe
Pugliese, offers a detailed accounting of those Sam Jacobs,
tumultuous days. EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
10 TIME December 25, 2023
Vintages in Champagne are synonymous with excellence despite
significant variations in style, expression, and quality from one
to another.
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In the darkest of times, dreamers are the distant flickering speck of light, burning the night oil
to manifest change when the world needs it most. For the second time, TIME and American
Family Insurance have named their Dreamer of the Year, a person who inspires, protects, and
innovates to reimagine life as we know it.
This year’s TIME and American Family Insurance Dreamer of the Year, Syd Kitson, is a real
estate developer and former professional American football player who left the playing
field for a different green venture. His ambitious project, Babcock Ranch, is a sustainable,
master-planned community in southwest Florida: a blueprint that has come to life through
his groundbreaking vision.
Babcock Ranch is the first solar-powered town in America, spanning over 18,000 acres and
taking over eight years to come to fruition. “We bought 91,000 acres. That’s 143 square miles,
an area five times the size of the island of Manhattan. We sold 73,000 acres to the
state of Florida, meaning 90% of the original ranch is in preservation forever”
explains Kitson. The development provides a model for sustainable
living by integrating green technologies and eco-friendly practices
into its design and operation.
SYD KITSON
Chairman/CEO
of Kitson & Partners
DRE AMERS
CHANGE THE WORLD
Kitson’s dream for environmental preservation started at Kitson’s influence has had a global impact with developers
a young age. “I spent years hiking, camping in the woods eager to learn from him and copy his blueprint. But instead of
three or four weeks at a time. I just had this true love of the reveling in his trail-blazing success, his wish is for his dream
environment and nature, and I have a tremendous respect for to evolve beyond him for the betterment of the cause. “The
it. Early on in my life, I realized this is precious and we need greatest compliment is when somebody copies you,” shares
to preserve it by doing the right thing.” Kitson. “And even better, if they can take it to another level.”
In 2022, the ranch’s durability was tested in the eye of the The Dreamer of the Year is someone who reimagines what’s
storm when Hurricane Ian tore through the area. Babcock possible and builds stronger communities, for today and
Ranch stood unscathed and with full access to power thanks tomorrow. “Supporting dreamers who make a difference in
to buried electric and cable lines, and 150,000 megawatts of our world directly aligns with our mission at American Family
solar power that fuels the town, harvested from the 700,000 Insurance of inspiring, protecting, and restoring dreams,”
panels across 840 acres of land. None of the structures explains Bill Westrate, CEO of American Family Insurance
or critical infrastructure at Babcock Ranch flooded during or Group. “Syd Kitson has created something unique and special
after Hurricane Ian, but this wasn’t luck. Before laying out at Babcock Ranch – a resilient community that is designed to
the master plan, the developers extensively researched the overcome what Mother Nature throws at them. We’re proud
natural flowways, reviewed topographical and soil maps, and to partner with Syd and learn together as American Family
studied tree surveys and reports on the hydrology, historical continues to protect and restore communities that are at
land use, and wildlife of the property to ensure they were greater risk due to rising climate impacts.”
building a community that could withstand the elements. The
development strategy was not to compete with Mother Nature, “I want to thank TIME and American Family Insurance for this
but to stand in harmony with her and let nature take its course. tremendous honor for you to recognize us, for the work that
so many people are doing,” shares Kitson. “It’s wonderful. It’s
“When I talk to others who have these big dreams, there an honor. And I thank you very much.”
becomes an intersection of being a dreamer and a doer. You
can dream all you want, but it’s when you step forward and “My name is Syd Kitson and I dream fearlessly.”
say, ‘I’m going to make this happen.’ That’s the difference.
And those are the game changers. Those are the people that
actually change the world.”
TA L K T O U S SETTING THE
RECORD STRAIGHT
▽ Letters should include the writer’s full name, ▽ In “The Movie Wives
send an email: follow us:
letters@time.com address and home telephone, and may be facebook.com/time Are Speaking” (Dec. 4,
Please do not send attachments edited for purposes of clarity and space @time (X and Instagram) 2023), we misstated
the birthplace of
Back Issues Contact us at customerservice@time.com, or call 800-843-8463. Reprints and Permissions Information is available Please recycle Felicia Montealegre.
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at time.com/reprints. To request custom reprints, visit timereprints.com. Advertising For advertising rates and our editorial remove inserts or She was born in
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2023 | THE YEAR IN
COVERS
Moments and milestones, inspiration and
innovation, upheaval and uplift—a look
back at 12 months inside the red border
This emerging global issue is particularly acute in Japan, ‘egaku’ for elderly care is, at its most fundamental level,
where, if the caregiving workforce cannot be increased, about developing a nuanced record and understanding of a
the nursing care industry will experience a shortfall of resident’s individual needs, responses to interventions, and
about 320,000 care workers in 2025, rising to as many as bodily responses during care. Caregivers are able to input
690,000 in 2040. resident data, recording everything from food intake to
body temperature and weight. The AI-enabled system even
Undoubtedly, the elderly are set to be most impacted by provides alerts to caregivers when there are changes in the
this crisis of aged care; many have individual and specific resident’s condition.
care requirements that simply can’t be optimally met where
there is a shortage of caregivers. The data collected from all this input is visualized for easy
reading and used to fine-tune how individual residents are
But caregivers are also affected; those who are in service taken care of, eliminating over-caring and under-caring as
are often mentally depleted and physically strained with the right amount of care at the right time is delivered each
overwork and have to operate within inefficient legacy care time. The system itself auto-corrects and suggests optimal
systems. care regimes for individual residents in real-time as the
resident’s needs change.
The quality of care for the elderly is ripe for innovation
and systems that not only improve elderly care but also One of the most revolutionary features of ‘egaku’ is its
improve operational efficiencies and relieve the burden of preventative and predictive capacity for forecasting
overstretched caregivers. necessary interventions in response to data, predicting
what an elderly resident will need before that need becomes
THE TRANSFORMATION OF ELDERLY CARE acute or critical.
The Sompo Group, one of Japan’s largest insurance ‘egaku’ was a natural outgrowth of SOMPO’s philosophy on
and nursing care businesses, has developed an approach elderly care: a respect for people and a desire to provide
SOMPO WILL CONTRIBUTE TO THE GROWTH
OF THE NURSING CARE INDUSTRY BY
DEVELOPING EGAKU INTO A DE FACTO
INDUSTRY STANDARD TO ADDRESS SOCIAL
ISSUES ARISING FROM THE DECLINING
BIRTHRATE AND AGING POPULATION, WHICH
CAN BE DESCRIBED AS A NATIONAL CRISIS.
IN ADDITION, BY EXPORTING THE JAPANESE
NURSING CARE ECOSYSTEM CENTERED
ON EGAKU TO OTHER COUNTRIES, SOMPO
HOPES TO CONTRIBUTE TO SOLVING SOCIAL
ISSUES RELATED TO NURSING CARE IN
COUNTRIES AROUND THE WORLD.
S
Som former preSidenTS reTreaT Manhattan district attorney’s case a broad conspiracy to reverse election
to pr vacy after the pressures of the hinges on an untested legal theory that results in that state. The case is out-
job. (Exhibit A: George Washington.) the former President could be charged side the purview of the federal govern-
Others find a way to stay in the spot- in New York for falsifying business ment, so it will continue even if he’s
(Bill Clinton, Jimmy Carter.) records to cover up state election-law elected President and is able to shut
n there’s Donald Trump, who violations and exceeding federal tax down federal cases against him. The
rem ed the front runner for the contribution limits. Special counsel evidence in Georgia seems intuitive—
Rep blican presidential nomina- Jack Smith’s cases, by contrast, look Trump’s on tape asking the secretary
tion throughout 2023 as his pileup of serious. He filed the first federal of state to find him votes to win—and
legal woes led pundits and reporters charges against Trump over classified several people who were directly in
to wear out the word unprecedented. documents he took to his Mar-a-Lago touch with Trump have flipped and
Before Trump’s 91 charges over four home after the end of his presidency. are cooperating with prosecutors.
indictments, no former U.S. President Smith followed that with charges that
had ever been indicted even once. Trump conspired to subvert American Trump’s Trifls fre filling up his
MARK PETERSON — REDUX
The first indictment came in March democracy, and that the rioters who 2024 calendar, competing with key
from New York, tied to his trying to assaulted police officers and broke into moments for his presidential cam-
cover up an affair with an adult-film the Capitol on Jan. 6, 2021, were acting paign. In January, as the Iowa caucuses
actress. Then came federal charges in at Trump’s direction. The attacks were kick off, he faces a civil trial over de-
June over classified documents, and “the culmination” of Trump’s “criminal faming writer E. Jean Carroll a second
22 Time December 25, 2023
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Trump said, “they’ve released the don’t vote, people do.” Sometimes,
genie out of the box.” DEMOCRACY it seems, old is what you want. □
24 Time December 25, 2023
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MEDICINE
Drugs for obesity, Alzheimer’s, and
infectious diseases herald a new era
of innovation in the pharma business
By Alice Park
I
’s been a while since The
harmaceutical industry last saw a
ar like 2023, when the U.S. Food
d Drug Administration (FDA) ap-
oved a slew of groundbreaking and
e-changing medications that repre-
nt a surge in innovation—and △
potential boon to the drugmakers’ nvolve cellular- Vials are filled with RSV
bottom lines. trategies—like the vaccine at a GSK research-
Eisai and Biogen kicked off the vaccines—that and-development center
year with the approval of lecanemab e basic mecha- in Wavre, Belgium, in May
(Leqembi) for Alzheimer’s disease, isease. In com-
which is the second medication de- ecule drugs, the
signed to treat the root causes of the icinal chemistry compared with small molecules, be-
memory-robbing condition, but ap- maceutical indus- fore they are required to enter price
pears to be the most effective. GSK important plat- negotiations with Medicare.
and Pfizer dropped the first-ever vac- n testing a variety
cines for RSV in adults, giving older d ones that have There’s anoTher Trend repre-
and pregnant people a way to protect hat can address sented by the new drugs: a continued
themselves—and, in the case of ex- se. The biologic shift toward prevention, and “getting
pectant mothers, their newborns as nge a lot of what earlier in the patient experience,” says
well—from a potentially deadly respi- ses to something GSK CEO Emma Walmsley. “That’s
ratory disease. Biogen and Sage Ther- disease or isn’t a great leap forward.”
apeutics received approval for a first- ys Dave Ricks, But doing so means that pricing for
ever oral treatment for postpartum these drugs needs to transform as well.
depression, zuranolone (Zurzuvae), ers in the U.S. High up-front and potentially onetime
and the FDA also allowed biotech e potential of costs are currently a barrier to some
companies Intellia Therapeutics and zing their de- patients since insurance companies
Regeneron Pharmaceuticals to start e 2022 Infation and employers are reluctant to cover
late-stage testing of the first gene- ch gives drug- them. That’s because for chronic con-
editing treatment, using CRISPR to maintain their ditions like Alzheimer’s or obesity, the
technology, inside patients. logic-based drugs, current reimbursement system is built
And the escalating demand for a on paying for treatments on an epi-
new group of weight-loss drugs will sodic rather than single-dose therapy
only continue to explode with the ap- model that could essentially treat the
proval of Eli Lilly’s tirzepatide (Zep- disease and limit additional health care
bound), which appears to trigger the costs. “The dynamism of the payment
K S E N I A K U L E S H O VA — B L O O M B E R G /G E T T Y I M A G E S
most weight loss of any medication to system is still really low,” says Ricks.
date. “I’d categorize the past year as a “Those problems are as present as ever,
little above average on the innovation ‘WHAT WERE and seem to be growing, with even
cycle,” says Damien Conover, director LIFETIME more pressure to fix payment issues to
of equity strategy at Morningstar, find a better way to help people afford
an equity research firm. DISEASES care that saves the system money and
While there is no single driver is deemed fair to society and creates
explaining the spate of approvals, [N OW A R E N O T] enough incentive for innovator
many of these drugs represent a con- companies that create new break-
tinuing trend toward biologic-based D I S E A S E A T A L L .’ throughs to want to do it again.”
28 Time December 25, 2023
◁
Drifting duos include
Streep and Gummer,
Furness and Jackman, and
Smith and Pinkett Smith
T
he convenTional view of mar- separated for seven nonculinary kind. Annette Bening, 65,
age holds that its satisfaction lev- of their marriage. Th is in a biopic about Diana Nyad, who
s are U-shaped. There’s a hyped-up PR person let it drop swam 110 miles to Miami from Cuba
mantic part at the start, and then a her husband, the scu at 64. And The Golden Bachelor, about
ecline as people come to terms with mer, married 45 yea a widower looking for a new spouse in
e fact that life with another person apart for six. And le his 70s, was a ratings success. The el-
only sometimes an escalator to the 2023 was when Kell ders are not going quietly. They’re rag-
pper reaches of happiness and often Conway called it qu ing against the dying of their cultural
more of an Iditarod to a less hostile two decades, though force—and their romantic dreams.
locale. And then, slowly, satisfaction most people was ho The search for new love is an eter-
returns, either because people have Leaving a spouse nally compelling fantasy. But as the
made peace with their lot or because century seems like m golden bachelor, Gerry Turner, dis-
they have negotiated their way to a like learning Chines covered, even when candidates are
more perfect union. to Mexico. Other fo deposited at your doorstep, finding a
But if 2023’s catalog of prominent new mate can be a nightmare. Turning
marital events suggests anything, it’s over a new leaf with someone whose
that a long marriage is not always a flaws you know will probably not
I L L U S T R AT I O N B Y N AT E K I T C H F O R T I M E ; G E T T Y I M A G E S (6)
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I
2020, 16 PLAINTIFFS, AGES 5 TO 22, but everyone in Montana. It’s our entire
ok the state of Montana to court for, TIME: Why did you decide to partici- future, you know?
ey said, violating their right to a clean pate in this trial?
vironment, which is enshrined in Vlases: I care a lot about the land How long have you been work-
e state’s constitution. This year, after and my home state and want to ing on environmental causes?
protracted court fight, they won: on do everything I can to protect Vlases: I grew up on a small
ug. 14, in a decision that the state at- it. I was 16 or 17 when I joined farm in Montana, helping
rney general has appealed, a judge the lawsuit. I couldn’t vote grow vegetables, raising
ruled that Montana must consider the yet. I know there are three livestock, stuff like that.
effects of climate change when decid- branches of government for So I’ve cared a lot about the
ing whether to begin or renew fossil- a reason. I had tried helping land since I was little. But
fuel projects. Held v. State of Montana with climate legislation, but it Ninis Twumasi,
I really got into environ-
is a first of-its-kind case, but—given never was very successful, so Kid Reporter at mental work in middle
a rising generation of young activists working through the courts TIME for Kids school. In seventh grade,
who know the power of speaking their just made sense to me. I raised about $120,000 for
minds—it is unlikely to be the last. Sandoval: I felt like it was a good op- solar panels on my school. From there,
Who better to interview young portunity to be a voice for my people a lot of doors opened for me in the en-
climate activists about that victory and my tribe. I’m an enrolled member of vironmental community.
than a young journalist? Ninis Twu- the Confederated Salish and Kootenai Sandoval: I’ve always been passionate
masi, a 13-year-old Kid Reporter for Tribes. I’m also Navajo. We are located and outspoken, but I hadn’t done any
35
2023 | THE YEAR IN CLIMATE
◁
formal environmental work. Then Sariel Sandoval,
there’s this case. I was asked to join top, and Claire
in January 2020, so we’re going on Vlases both
four years. took the stand
C O U R T E S Y M A U R E E N A R Y E E . T H I S PA G E : R O B I N L O Z N A K — C O U R T E S Y O F O U R C H I L D R E N ’S T R U S T
done anything in terms of protecting ugh support from
our rights, and this is the consequence. he other plaintiffs, What impact do you hope this trial
P R E V I O U S PA G E : C O A L T R A I N : J O H N L A M B I N G — A L A M Y S T O C K P H O T O ; K I D R E P O R T E R :
own community. will have on the next generation?
Which stories stuck out to you? y to be in the court- Sandoval: This is only the first step,
Sandoval: One that stood out to me was rve-racking to hear right? It’s going to take a lot more
Olivia [Vesovich]’s. She brought her art, nt arguments, but action to really address climate change
a mermaid tail stuffed with plastic bags. g that what I said, in the way it needs to be addressed.
It was a very impactful piece. But it is a great first step.
Vlases: Rikki [Held] talking about her Vlases: As a young person who cares
land and her cattle being affected by about the land and the environment,
climate change. Stories from Lander it can often feel disheartening when
and Badge [Busse] about their ability people talk about climate change.
to hunt and fish, and do regular Mon- It feels like a big impending doom,
tana activities. Yours, Sariel. Your story ‘IT’S OUR and it’s hard to feel like the power to
definitely got me. ENTIRE FUTURE, make a difference is in our hands. But
I hope that this decision and this case
What about it got you? YOU KNOW?’ proves otherwise. Hopefully it’s a guide
Vlases: She’s a powerful speaker. or an inspiration for younger genera-
She talked about how climate change OVAL tions to take action, just like we did. □
36 Time December 25, 2023
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PERSON OF THE YEAR
T AY L O R
SWIFT
T THE
CHOICE
By Sam Jacobs
EDITOR-I N- CHIEF
and political in the ways that she wants that made a place for so many, for
TV
f irs
to,” says the Chicks’ front woman spinning her story into a global leg-
y /A
er
Son
th
wi
At the sAme time, much of what is TIME’s 2023 Person of the Year.
ing deal
P R E V I O U S PA G E S : I N E Z A N D V I N O O D H F O R T I M E
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAY LOR SWI FT
THE POET
L AU R E ATE OF
POP CU LTU R E
By Sam Lansky
Photographs by Inez and Vinoodh for TIME
Taylor SwifT iS Telling me a STory, my life,” Swift says. “I was able to pay
and when Taylor Swift tells you a story, my band bonuses. I was able to pay for
you listen, because you know it’s going my tour buses. I was able to fuel my
Taylor Sw if t
broken, although not in the way you satisfying the story is. There are
liner
She was 17, she says, and she are details, vivid and sensory;
eb
ead
sd
had booked the biggest opportu- there’s a twist that flips the action
ah
se
as
lea
nity of her life so far—a highly on its head; and there’s a happy
t
Re
irs
coveted slot opening for coun- ending for its hero. It takes her only
s To u r, h e r f
bers. “I was so excited.” But a cou- I’m not surprised. Swift has
Fe a
ple weeks later, Swift arrived home to a preternatural skill for finding
the
find her mother Andrea sitting on the the story. Her anecdote about
on
front steps of their house. “She was Chesney symbolizes a larger nar-
g
a rk in
weeping,” Swift says. “Her head was in rative in Swift’s life, one about
her hands as if there had been a family redemption—where our pro-
m by emb
Taylor was too young to join. “I was discuss, took a few hits to get here.
on
18th birthday party, she saw times in the last 20 years,” she says as
Pro
read, as Swift recalls, “I’m sorry curls up onto the sofa. “I’ve been given
20
that you couldn’t come on the tour, a tiara, then had it taken away.” She is
so I wanted to make it up to you.” seemingly unguarded in conversation,
With the note was a check. “It was reflective about both where she’s been
for more money than I’d ever seen in and where she finds herself now. After
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAY LOR SWI FT
all, while she’s long been one of the and streets were renamed for her. Every
biggest entertainers in the world, this time she came to a new place, a mini
year is different. “It feels like the break- economic boom took place as hotels
YOU BE LONG through moment of my career, happen- and restaurants saw a surge of visitors.
ing at 33,” she says. “And for the first In releasing her concert movie, Swift by-
WITH ME time in my life, I was mentally tough passed studios and streamers, instead
S w i f t ’s f r i e n d s enough to take what comes with that.” forging an unusual pact with AMC, giv-
talk about her This is her story—even if she’s now ing the theater chain its highest single-
impact on their lives so high that it’s hard to believe she day ticket sales in history. There are at
was ever low. least 10 college classes devoted to her,
Swift’s accomplishments as an including one at Harvard; the professor,
artist— culturally, critically, and Stephanie Burt, tells TIME she plans
commercially—are so legion that to re- to compare Swift’s work to that of the
count them seems almost beside the poet William Wordsworth. Friendship
point. As a pop star, she sits in rar- bracelets traded by her fans at concerts
efied company, alongside Elvis Pres- became a hot accessory, with one line
ley, Michael Jackson, and Madonna; as in a song causing as much as a 500%
a songwriter, she has been compared increase in sales at craft stores. When
PHOEBE BRIDGERS to Bob Dylan, Paul McCartney, and Swift started dating Travis Kelce, the
Singer-songwriter Joni Mitchell. As a businesswoman, Kansas City Chief and two-time Super
she has built an empire worth, by some Bowl champion, his games saw a mas-
‘SHE’S ONE OF estimates, over $1 billion. And as a sive increase in viewership. (Yes, she
THE FUNNIEST
celebrity—who by dint of being a woman somehow made one of America’s most
is scrutinized for everything from whom popular things—football—even more
PEOPLE I’VE
she dates to what she wears—she has popular.) And then there’s her criti-
EV ER MET. long commanded constant attention cally hailed songbook—a catalog so be-
SHE HAS AN and knows how to use it. (“I don’t give loved that as she rereleases it, she’s often
ACUTE SENSE OF Taylor advice about being famous,” Ste- breaking chart records she herself set.
HUMOR ABOUT
vie Nicks tells me. “She doesn’t need it.”) She’s the last monoculture left in our
But this year, something shifted. To dis- stratified world.
EV ERY THI NG.’
cuss her movements felt like discussing It’s hard to see history when you’re
politics or the weather—a language spo- in the middle of it, harder still to dis-
ken so widely it needed no context. She tinguish Swift’s impact on the culture
became the main character of the world. from her celebrity, which emits so much
If you’re skeptical, consider it: How light it can be blinding. But something
many conversations did you have about unusual is happening with Swift, with-
Taylor Swift this year? How many times out a contemporary precedent. She de-
did you see a photo of her while scroll- ploys the most efficient medium of the
ing on your phone? Were you one of the day—the pop song—to tell her story. Yet
people who made a pilgrimage to a city over time, she has harnessed the power
GR ETA GERW IG
where she played? Did you buy a ticket of the media, both traditional and new,
D i re c t o r,
w r it e r, a n d a c t o r
to her concert film? Did you double-tap to create something wholly unique—a
an Instagram post, or laugh at a tweet, or narrative world, in which her music is
click on a headline about her? Did you just one piece in an interactive, shape-
‘SHE WRITES find yourself humming “Cruel Sum- shifting story. Swift is that story’s archi-
STORY mer” while waiting in line at the gro- tect and hero, protagonist and narrator.
SONGS, AND cery store? Did a friend confess that This was the year she perfected her
IS GENEROUS
they watched clips of the Eras Tour craft—not just with her music, but in
night after night on TikTok? Or did you? her position as the master storyteller
ENOUGH TO LET
Her epic career-retrospective tour of the modern era. The world, in turn,
IT BE ALL OF recounting her artistic “eras,” which watched, clicked, cried, danced, sang
OU R STOR IES.’ played 66 dates across the Americas this along, swooned, caravanned to stadi-
year, is projected to become the biggest ums and movie theaters, let her work
of all time and the first to gross over a soundtrack their lives. For Swift, it’s a
billion dollars; analysts talked about the peak. “This is the proudest and happi-
“Taylor effect,” as politicians from Thai- est I’ve ever felt, and the most creatively
land, Hungary, and Chile implored her fulfilled and free I’ve ever been,” Swift
to play their countries. Cities, stadiums, tells me. “Ultimately, we can convolute
B R I D G E R S , G E R W I G : G E T T Y I M A G E S (2); F A N S : A L L E N J . S C H A B E N — L O S A N G E L E S T I M E S/G E T T Y I M A G E S
THE it all we want, or try to overcomplicate quitting their jobs to commit to fandom
B E S T DAY it, but there’s only one question.” Here, full time. Across the U.S., others lined
Fa n s t a k e she adopts a booming voice. “Are you up for days, while those who didn’t get
i n Va l e t i n e ’s D a y
Au g. 7
temporarily renamed Swiftie Clara 2023 shows—including over 2 million
de
nearly 70,000 other people having scalpers jacked up prices on the sec-
r for Speak Now
s fi
Make
the same drug. Her fans are sin- an investigation. The Senate held a
20
Ye a
gularly passionate, not just in the hearing. Given these stakes, Swift
he
lyze clues, hints, and secret messages “I knew this tour was harder
ncluding A lbu
in everything from her choreography than anything I’d ever done be-
to her costumes—some deliberately fore by a long shot,” Swift says.
planted, others not. (“Taylor Swift fans Each show spans over 180 min-
are the modern-day equivalent of those utes, including 40-plus songs
ys, i
cults who would consistently have inac- from at least nine albums; there
curate rapture predictions like once a are 16 costume changes, pyro-
mm
Standing in the arena, it’s not hard which she appears to dive into the
ou
sf
to understand why this is the biggest stage and swim, and not one but two
Win
says Swift’s friend and collaborator In the past, Swift jokes, she toured
20
Phoebe Bridgers. Fans in Argentina “like a frat guy.” This time, she began
pitched tents outside the venue for training six months ahead of the
months to get prime spots, with some first show. “Every day I would run
45
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAY LOR SWI FT
key. “I know I’m going on that stage you’re going, and where you’ve been.”
whether I’m sick, injured, heartbro- Getting to this place of harmony with
ken, uncomfortable, or stressed,” she her past took work; there’s a dramatic
says. “That’s part of my identity as a irony, she explains, to the success of the
human being now. If someone buys a tour. “It’s not lost on me that the two
ticket to my show, I’m going to play it great catalysts for this happening were
unless we have some sort of force r two horrendous things that happened
a
majeure.” (A heat wave in Rio de to me,” Swift says, and this is where the
Ye e
Janeiro caused chaos during Swift’s story takes a turn. “The first was getting
er tainer of th
November run as one fan, Ana canceled within an inch of my life and
Clara Benevides Machado, report- sanity,” she says plainly. “The second
edly collapsed during the show and was having my life’s work taken away
later died; Swift wrote on Instagram from me by someone who hates me.”
nt
AE
that she had a “shattered heart.” She
CM
rescheduled the next show because Swift ShowS me some things she
in
of unsafe conditions, and spent time loves in her apartment: a Stevie Nicks
to w
with Benevides Machado’s family at her Barbie that sits still boxed in her
final tour date in Brazil.) erson ever kitchen, sent to her by the artist; the
tal histor y
Swift is many things onstage— framed note from Paul McCartney
vulnerable and triumphant, playful and that hangs in her bathroom; tiles
est p
sad—but the intimacy of her songcraft is around the fireplace that Swift
digi
ung
front and center. “Her work as a song- found shopping in Paris with her
in
o
gle
th
whose feminist Barbie was its own photo of her grandmother Marjorie,
g
lin
Bec
testament to the idea that women an opera singer and the inspiration for
s t e s t- s e l
can be anything. “To write music a track on her album evermore. Swift
that is from the deepest part of grew up on a Christmas-tree farm
11
he fa
20
into the souls of other people.” As brother Austin; her father Scott
m
Swift whips through the eras, she’s not was a stockbroker at Merrill Lynch,
co
be
trying to update her old songs, whether and Andrea worked in marketing.
r”
the earnest romance of “You Belong Her family still works closely with
the
With Me” or the millennial ennui of her today. “My dad, my mom, and
ack Toge
tance on the world’s largest stage, giv- says. “I always joke that we’re a
ing the audience a space to revisit their small family business.”
Get
gotten. I tell Swift that the show made a teen, she signed with Scott Bor-
ev
eN
me think of a meme that says, “Do not chetta’s Big Machine Records. Swift’s
Ar
kill the part of you that is cringe—kill songwriting ability was evident from
“ We
the part of you that cringes.” “Yes!” the first lyrics of “Tim McGraw,” her
she exclaims. “Every part of you debut single: “He said the way my blue
12
that you’ve ever been, every phase eyes shined put those Georgia stars
20
you’ve ever gone through, was you to shame that night—I said, ‘That’s
working it out in that moment with a lie.’” Even for country music these
the information you had available to lyrics are literary—conjuring a roman-
you at the time. There’s a lot that I look tic fantasy, then deflating it a line later.
back at like, ‘Wow, a couple years ago I The fairy-tale promise of love and in-
might have cringed at this.’ You should timacy became a runner in Swift’s
celebrate who you are now, where work as a songwriter, something she’d
47
$1,100,000,000
$10 0 M I L L IO N+
THE What Swift and 2.3
her team stand to Magnitude of
earn from Taylor Swift:
MOVIE The Eras Tour if they take
home roughly 50%
of the film’s box-office show created
earnings in Seattle $ 3 70 M I L L IO N
S w if t ’s e s t i m a t e d
$179 M I L L IO N earnings from
$93 M I LLION D o m e s t i c b o x- c o n c e r t- t i c k e t a n d
office gross merchandise
ffice gross (as of Dec. 5) sales
151
$37 MILLION
63%
400% Week-over-week
Spike in jersey sales viewership increase
of Kansas City Chiefs 1, 2 2 6%
for Swift’s new
games among Jump in sign-ups
beau Travis Kelce
women 18–49 after on Vote.org in the
after the singer
Swift went to a game hour after Swift
attended a game
posted an Instagram
encouraging
people to register
0*
LOR E •3
29 I O 5
, 20 ,0 0 N) ,0 No. 1 albums on the Billboard
week in the 20 0* ,2 00
200 in a calendar year (twice)
*
R, 20 •8 02
m o d e r n e ra* 19 • 46
,0 1
•
8 67 00
*
29
TAT ,00
1
ION 0*
,0
,2
01
2 014 7
00
Only female artist to ever replace herself at No. 1 on the Hot 100 (twice)
*
• 1. •1
28 .2
201 2 7m 38
•1 i
m
.20 lli
on
ill
KN 8
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io
OW il
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,2 Most Top 5 hits on the Hot 100 of any female artist,
lio
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n
SS second only to Drake among all artists
,2 31
0
•1
OR
.0
08
SW
47
•5
IF
mil
T,
92 ,
1989 (Taylor’s Version) became her 13th No. 1
lion
000
200
album on the Billboard 200, breaking her own
record for most No. 1 albums by a female artist
6 • 40,00
0
has a Most Top 10 hits on the Hot 100 of any female artist
chart 49
At 10 min. 13 sec., “All Too Well (10 Minute Version)
200. (Taylor’s Version) (From the Vault)” holds the record
album for longest song to hit No. 1 on the Hot 100
to
with each star Most cumulative weeks spent at No. 1 on the
a Billboard 200 among all female artists, third overall
10 hit
66 behind the Beatles (132) and Elvis Presley (67)
that
Luminate
music
in With Midnights, she became the first artist to occupy
all top 10 spots on the Hot 100 in a single week
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAYLOR SWI FT
repeatedly espouse, then skewer; she all the hyenas climb on and take their
was self-aware about the role narrative shots,” she says. West wrote a song with
played in her expectations. She was seen vulgar lyrics about her, and claimed
as a gifted pop-country ingenue when, that Swift had consented to it, which
in a now infamous moment, Kanye Swift denied; West’s then wife, Kim
West interrupted Swift onstage at the Kardashian, released a video of a con-
2009 VMAs while she was accepting versation between West and Swift that
an award. The incident set in motion a seemed to indicate that Swift had been
chain of events that would shape the on board with the song. The scandal was
next decade of both artists’ lives. tabloid catnip; it made Swift look like
It was around that time, Swift re- a snake, which is what people called
re
members now, that she began trying her. She felt it was “a career death,” she
d evermo
to shape-shift. “I realized every re- says. “Make no mistake—my career was
cord label was actively working to try taken away from me.”
re an
to replace me,” she says. “I thought It was a bleak moment. “You have a
instead, I’d replace myself first with fully manufactured frame job, in an il-
klo
a new me. It’s harder to hit a moving fol legally recorded phone call, which Kim
ar:
target.” Swift wrote songs solo, incor- ye Kardashian edited and then put out to
porated diverse sonic influences, and say to everyone that I was a liar,” she
albums in one
placed more clues about personal rela- says. “That took me down psychologi-
tionships in her lyrics and album materi- cally to a place I’ve never been before.
als for fans to decode. Her epic ballad “All I moved to a foreign country. I didn’t
Too Well,” from 2012’s Red, epitomizes leave a rental house for a year. I was
t wo
ploying tossed-off details like a forgot- away most people in my life because I
lea
ten scarf that comes back at the song’s didn’t trust anyone anymore. I went
re
ise
end to stab you in the heart—but it down really, really hard.” (Kardashian
pr
also had a secret message hidden in wrote, in a 2020 social media post,
lif
Sur
t her
the liner notes. When an extended that the situation “forced me to de-
version of the song hit No. 1 last fend him.”) Swift’s next album, 2017’s
bou
20
only because the song is extraordi- the video for “Look What You Made
nta
nary, but because it has its own lore, Me Do” saw her killing off younger
e
um
it came with an experiential puzzle for Reputation being met with uproar
fans to solve. “She’s like a whole room and skepticism. “I thought that
of writers as one person, with that voice moment of backlash was going to
and charisma,” Bridgers says. “She’s ev- define me negatively for the rest of
s Am
Swift knew she had to keep inno- fied her record deal with Borchetta,
in
vating. “By the time an artist is mature and knew she wanted out. “The mo-
es
at
enough to psychologically deal with lecular chemistry of that old label was
ip
tic
the job, they throw you out at 29, that every creative choice I wanted to
Par
typically,” she says. “In the ’90s and make was second-guessed,” she says. “I
’00s, it seems like the music indus- was really overthinking these albums.”
020
try just said: ‘OK, let’s take a bunch She met with Lucian Grainge, the
of teenagers, throw them into a fire, CEO of Universal Music Group, and
2
and watch what happens. By the time Monte Lipman, who runs Universal’s
they’ve accumulated enough wisdom to top label Republic Records, to talk
do their job effectively, we’ll find new about signing a deal that would give
teenagers.’” She went full-throttle pop her more agency. Today, Grainge is per-
for 2014’s 1989, putting her on top of the haps the most powerful executive in the
world—“an imperial phase,” she calls it. music industry, but, as I sit with him in
She didn’t realize it would also give her his office in Los Angeles, he describes
much farther to fall. Public sentiment himself as an “old punk” who operates
turned—sniping about everything from on instinct more than metrics. He told
her perceived overexposure to conspir- Swift, he says, “We will utilize every-
acy theories about her politics. “I had thing that we’ve got as a company for
50 Tife December 25, 2023
you.” Swift felt like she’d been given listenership to them. She frames the
carte blanche: “Lucian and Monte ba- strategy as a coping mechanism. “It’s all
sically said to me, ‘Whatever you turn in how you deal with loss,” she says. “I
in, we will be proud to put out. We give respond to extreme pain with defiance.”
you 100% creative freedom and trust.’” Grainge calls the rerecording proj-
It was exactly what she needed to hear ect “bizarrely brilliant and unique”—
most when the chips were down. something that only an artist at her level NATA LIE M A INES
Yet the release of Swift’s first album could pull off. “It’s got such a narrative— Front woman
with Republic, 2019’s Lover, coincided there’s a reason for it.” He shakes his for the Chicks
with the second big upheaval in her pro- head. “Imagine Picasso painting some-
fessional life: Borchetta had sold Big thing that he painted a few years ago,
‘I HOPE TO
Machine—and with it, Swift’s catalog, then re-creating it with the colors of
valued then at a reported $140 million— today.” Part of the success story, Swift NEVER WORK
to Ithaca Holdings, which is owned by says, is the freedom she received from AS HARD AS
music manager Scooter Braun, a former the label to follow her instincts. “If you TAY LOR WOR KS.’
ally of West’s. “With the Scooter thing, look at what I’ve put out since then, it’s
my masters were being sold to someone more albums in the last few years than
who actively wanted them for nefarious I did in the first 15 years of my career,”
reasons, in my opinion,” Swift says. (“It she says. That prolific output has fueled
makes me sad that Taylor had that reac- her ascension. “She could serve two
tion to the deal,” Braun told Variety in terms as President of the United States
2021.) The sale meant that the rights to and then go to Las Vegas,” Grainge says.
Swift’s first six albums moved to Braun, “Who else can do that?”
so whenever someone wanted to license In the grand narrative of Swift’s life,
one of those songs, he would be the one as she rose this year, her foes’ fortunes SHON DA R HIMES
to profit. Swift rallied her fans against also seemed to turn. Over the summer, TV showrunner
the deal, but still felt powerless. “I was it was reported that several of Braun’s
so knocked on my ass by the sale of my key clients—chief among them Justin ‘I THINK
music, and to whom it was sold,” she Bieber and Ariana Grande—were no EVERYONE’S
says. “I was like, ‘Oh, they got me beat longer being managed by his company,
A LITTLE TOO
now. This is it. I don’t know what to do.’” while West’s antisemitic and other of-
She went back to work, using the pan- fensive remarks led to his losing key en- INVESTED IN
demic lockdown to pare back her sound dorsement deals. Swift knows firsthand WHO SHE’S
on critically acclaimed albums folklore that fame is a seesaw. “Nothing is per- DATING. SHE’S
and evermore. manent,” she says. “So I’m very careful FA R MOR E
Around the same time, she started to be grateful every second that I get to
POWERFUL THAN
thinking about rerecording her old al- be doing this at this level, because I’ve
bums in an effort to wrest back con- had it taken away from me before. There ANY MAN AT
trol. “I’d run into Kelly Clarkson and is one thing I’ve learned: My response HER SIDE.’
she would go, ‘Just redo it,’” Swift says. to anything that happens, good or bad,
“My dad kept saying it to me too. I’d is to keep making things. Keep mak-
look at them and go, ‘How can I possi- ing art.” She considers. “But I’ve also
bly do that?’ Nobody wants to redo their learned there’s no point in actively try-
homework if on the way to school, the ing to quote-unquote defeat your ene-
wind blows your book report away.” mies,” she says. “Trash takes itself out
Since Swift wrote her own songs, she every single time.”
retained the musical composition copy-
right and could rerecord them. She also THE PREMIERE for Swift’s concert
STEVIE NICKS
negotiated to own the master rights for film takes place at the Grove, an out-
Singer-songwriter
her material when she moved over to door mall in Los Angeles, which has
Republic in 2018, so she now owns her been shut down for the event; Swift
new material and the rerecorded songs. has packed 13 screens with thousands ‘SHE TAKES FULL
(Major labels have since made it more of fans. She goes, one by one, to each RESPONSIBILITY
difficult for artists to rerecord their theater thanking sobbing audience FOR EVERYTHING
music.) She began rerecording subtly members for being there. Like the
SHE DOES—AND SHE
different versions of her old albums, tour, the film, which was released di-
tagging them “(Taylor’s Version)” and rectly to theaters without a traditional DOES NOT DOUBT
adding unreleased tracks to redirect partner, is an event. “We met with all HER DECISIONS.’
G E T T Y I M A G E S (3) 51
the studios,” she tells me, “and we met
with all the streamers, and we sized up
how it was perceived and valued, and if
they had high hopes and dreams for it.
Ultimately I did what I tend to do more
and more often these days, which is to
bet on myself.” She credits her father
with the idea. “He just said, why does
there have to be a—for lack of a better
word—middleman?”
In the theater excitement ripples
through the crowd, a mix of fans and
Swift’s friends, as we wait for her. To
my left are two dedicated Swifties,
sisters who introduce themselves as
Madison, 23, and McCall, 20, and
who are still reeling from tak-
ded album
COMMENCEMENT
Au s t i n , A n d re a ,
a n d S c o t t S w if t
w i th Ta yl o r a t N Y U
g ra d u a t i o n i n 2 02 2
wh e re s h e re c e i ve d
a n h o n o ra r y d o c t o ra t e
of f i n e a r t s
M OV IE
P R EM IER E
B e y o n c é j o i n e d S w if t
i n L o s A n ge l e s o n
O c t . 1 1 fo r th e f i r s t
s c re e n i n g of h e r
E ra s To u r f i l m
R EH EAR S AL
S w if t t o l d T I M E s h e
s t a r t e d t ra i n i n g s i x
m o n th s i n a d va n c e of
th e E ra s To u r, wh i c h
k i c k e d of f i n M a rc h
CONGRESS
T i c k e t m a s t e r a n d Li ve
Na t i o n e x e c u t i ve s
t e s t if i e d a t a S e n a t e
hearing after meets Loretta Lynn meets Bob Dylan.”) “women have been fed the message that
d e m a n d fo r t i c k e t s
Swift is no less effusive in talking what we naturally gravitate toward—”
o ve r wh e l m e d th e s i t e
about Beyoncé, who brokered a similar She has a few examples: “Girlhood, feel-
deal with AMC and shows up to Swift’s ings, love, breakups, analyzing those
ARROWHEAD Los Angeles premiere; the next month, feelings, talking about them nonstop,
STADIU M Swift returns the favor by attending glitter, sequins! We’ve been taught
Af t e r p l a y i n g K a n s a s Beyoncé’s in London. “She’s the most that those things are more frivolous
C i t y i n J u l y, S w if t precious gem of a person—warm and than the things that stereotypically
re t u r n e d i n O c t o b e r open and funny,” Swift says. “And she’s gendered men gravitate toward, right?”
to support her such a great disrupter of music-industry Right, I say. “And what has existed since
boyfriend, Chiefs star norms. She taught every artist how to the dawn of time? A patriarchal soci-
T ra v i s Ke l c e flip the table and challenge archaic busi- ety. What fuels a patriarchal society?
ness practices.” That her tour and Be- Money, flow of revenue, the economy.
R IO DE JANEI RO yoncé’s were frequently juxtaposed is So actually, if we’re going to look at this
Th e C h r i s t th e vexing. “There were so many stadium in the most cynical way possible, fem-
Re d e e m e r s t a t u e wa s tours this summer, but the only ones inine ideas becoming lucrative means
i l l u m i n a t e d w i th that were compared were me and Be- that more female art will get made. It’s
th e m e d w e l c o m e yoncé,” she says. “Clearly it’s very lucra- extremely heartening.”
m e s s a ge s i n N o ve m b e r tive for the media and stan culture to Amid so much attention, it seems
a f t e r S w if t i e s pit two women against each other, even noteworthy that Swift appears more
donated money when those two artists in question re- relaxed in the public eye, not less—
fuse to participate in that discussion.” although I wonder out loud whether it
To Swift, the success of all three feels just appears that way. She nods. “Over
like an inflection point. “If we have to the years, I’ve learned I don’t have the
speak stereotypically about the fem- time or bandwidth to get pressed about
inine and the masculine,” she says, things that don’t matter. Yes, if I go out
PR E V I O US PAG ES: TA S23/G E T T Y I M AG ES F O R TA S R I G H TS M A N AG E M E N T; T H ES E PAG ES: C O M M E N C E M E N T, R EH E A RS A L :
TA S R I G H TS M A N AG E M E N T (2); M OV IE PR E M IER E: J O H N S H E A R ER — G E T T Y I M AG ES F O R TA S; C O N G R ES S: A L D R AG O —
B LO O M B ERG /G E T T Y I M AG ES; STA D IU M: DAV ID EU L I T T— G E T T Y I M AG ES; R I O D E JA N EI RO: B RU N A PR A D O — A P
Swift and i have been talking for
a while now at her apartment, long
enough that our coffees have gone cold
and her cat Benjamin Button has trun-
dled into the room, then gotten bored
and left. She tells me about revisiting
Reputation, which is perhaps the most
charged era in the tour. “It’s a goth-
punk moment of female rage at being
gaslit by an entire social structure,” she
says, laughing. “I think a lot of people
see it and they’re just like, Sick snakes
and strobe lights.” The upcoming vault
tracks for Reputation will be “fire,” she
promises. The rerecordings project feels
like a mythical quest to her. “I’m collect-
ing horcruxes,” she says. “I’m collecting
infinity stones. Gandalf’s voice is in my
head every time I put out a new one. For
me, it is a movie now.”
It strikes me then that for all the
talk about eras, it’s also worth thinking
about genres—how Swift has moved be-
tween them in the stories she’s told. At
first, it was a coming-of-age story, one
about a young woman finding her way
in the world and honing her voice be-
fore a fickle public. Then there were
romances, great ones—tales of en-
chantment and desire, heartbreak and
disillusionment, relationships that she
both excavated for her songs and that
m Fe s t i v a l
to dinner, there’s going to be a whole the media documented for her with ei-
chaotic situation outside the restaurant. ther joy or schadenfreude, depending
But I still want to go to dinner with my on the day. There have been dramas
l Fil
friends.” She sounds thoughtful. “Life with stakes so high and turns so twisty
ona
myself away in my house for a lot of betrayals both personal and professional
rn
or ont o I nte
years—I’ll never get that time back. that have shaped her life. Occasionally,
I’m more trusting now than I was these stories have tipped into screwball
six years ago.” comedy—like when a crowd in Seattle
he T
premiere, Swift sits in the same row earthquake, or when, on a tour stop
m
as me, Madison, and McCall, singing in Brazil, the local archdiocese al-
Fil t
along and dancing in her seat; we keep lowed messages celebrating her to
hor
he S
craning our necks to look at her, sharing be projected onto the 124-ft. Christ
ll T o o We l l : T
thunderstruck looks: Isn’t this surreal? the Redeemer statue. But they have
There are moments in the film when the one thing in common: Swift.
cameras capture the enormous screens She is a maestro of self-
behind Swift onstage, and it feels like a determination, of writing her own
ed A
self showing Swift’s image on so many known Swift since she was a teenager,
ier
screens, the thousands of fans on- puts it simply: “She controls narrative
P rem
screen in the stadium and us in this not only in her work, but in her life,”
theater, with Swift in the middle of she says. “It used to feel like people
1
202
it—all of us rapt, unable to look away. were taking shots at her. Now it feels
55
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAYLOR SWI FT
like she’s providing the narrative— almost miss that it marks some of the
so there aren’t any shots to be taken.” rawest, most naked songwriting of her
Here, Swift has told me a story about career: “No one wanted to play with me
redemption, about rising and falling as a little kid/ So I’ve been scheming like
only to rise again—a hero’s journey. I a criminal ever since/ To make them love
do not say to her, in our conversation, me and make it seem effortless/ This is
that it did not always look that way the fgrst time I’ve felt the need to con-
from the outside—that, for example, fess/ And I swear I’m only cryptic and
when Reputation’s lead single “Look Machiavellian because I care.”
What You Made Me Do” reached No. 1 She tells me she wrote that song
on the charts, or when the album sold after watching the Paul Thomas
e
im
1.3 million albums in the fgrst week, sec- Anderson fglm Phantom Thread,
et
ond only to 1989, she did not look like which—spoiler—culminates in the
m
chart at the sa
someone whose career had died. She reveal of a vast, layered manipulation.
looked like a superstar who was min- “Remember that last scene?” she says.
ing her personal experience as success- “I thought, wouldn’t it be fun to have
fully as ever. I am tempted to say this. a lyric about being calculated?” She
But then I think, Who am I to chal- pauses. “It’s something that’s been
200
lenge it, if that’s how she felt? The point thrown at me like a dagger, but now
rd
oa
is: she felt canceled. She felt as if her ca- I take it as a compliment.”
illb
reer had been taken from her. Some- It is a compliment. After I leave
eB
thing in her had been lost, and she was Swift’s house, I can’t stop think-
albums on th
grieving it. Maybe this is the real Tay- ing about how perfectly she
lor Swift effect: That she gives people, crafted this story for me—the one
many of them women, particularly girls, about redemption, how she lost it
who have been conditioned to accept all and got it back. Storytelling is p 10
dismissal, gaslighting, and mistreat- what she’s always done; that’s why,
To e
ment from a society that treats their Chesney tells me, he gave her that
th f
emotions as inconsequential, permis- gift all those years ago. “She was a
ro ou
sion to believe that their interior lives writer who had something to say,” he
a n to have f
matter. That for your heart to break, says. “That isn’t something you can
whether it’s from being kicked off a fake by writing clichés. You can only
tour or by the memory of a scarf still live it, then write it as real as possible.”
m
sitting in a drawer somewhere or be- She must have known that all the ref-
t wo
cause somebody else controls your life’s erences she made had hidden mean-
irs
work, is a valid wound, and no, you’re ings, that I’d see all the tossed-off de-
ef
th
not crazy for being upset about it, or for tails for the Easter eggs they were.
es
wanting your story to be told. The way she told me that story
om
Bec
After all, not to be corny, haven’t we about Chesney, she knew there
all become selective autobiographers in was a lesson, about the power
the digital age as we curate our lives for of generosity, and how a crush-
23
20
our own audiences of any size—cutting ing defeat can give way to a great
away from the raw fabric of our lived ex- and surprising gift. The way she
perience to reveal the shape of the story said, “Are you not entertained?”—
we most want to tell, whether it’s on our surely we both knew it was a quote
own feeds or the world’s stage? I can’t from Gladiator, a movie in which a hero
blame her for being better at it than ev- falls from grace, is forced to perform
eryone else. It’s also not like she hasn’t blood sport for the pleasure of spec-
admitted it. She sang it herself, in her tators, and emerges victorious, having
song “Mastermind,” off last year’s Mid- survived humiliation and debasement to
nights, in a bridge so feathery you could soar higher than ever. And the way be-
fore I left, she showed me the note from
I CAN Paul McCartney hanging in her bath-
S E E YOU room, which has a Beatles lyric written
Scan to collect all on it—and not just any Beatles lyric, but
th re e Ta yl o r S w if t
this one: “Take these broken wings and
P e r s o n of th e Ye a r
learn to fly.” —With reporting by LesLie
c o ve r s
DicksTein and megan mccLuskey □
56 Time December 25, 2023
S
CEO HE YEAR
ALT MA N
to oust his fellow co-founder, only to
backtrack. Two interim CEOs came
and went. The players postured via
selfie, open letter, and heart emojis
Naina Bajekal and on social media. Meanwhile, the com-
Per r igo/San F rancisco pany’s employees and its board of di-
rectors faced off in “a gigantic game of
trange thanksgiving for sam chicken,” says a person familiar with
rmally, the CEO of OpenAI flies the discussions. At one point, OpenAI’s
Louis to visit family. But this whole staff threatened to quit if the
liday came after an existen- board didn’t resign and reinstall Alt-
for control of a company that man within a few hours, three people
holds the fate of humanity in involved in the standoff tell TIME.
man was weary. He went to his Then Altman looked set to decamp to
anch for a hike, then returned to Microsoft—with potentially hundreds
THE YEAR THAT THEY STARTED
rink wine with his fiancé Oliver Mulherin. really do feel just stronger and more
“This was a 10-out-of-10 crazy thing to live unified and more focused than ever,”
through,” Altman tells TIME on Nov. 30. “So Altman says in the last of three inter-
TA K I NG A I SER IOUSLY.’
I’m still just reeling from that.” views with TIME, after his second offi-
We’re speaking exactly one year after cial day back as CEO. “But I wish there
OpenAI released ChatGPT, the most rap- had been some other way to get there.”
idly adopted tech product ever. The impact This was no ordinary boardroom bat-
of the chatbot and its successor, GPT-4, tle, and OpenAI is no ordinary startup.
was transformative—for the company and The episode leaves lingering questions
the world. “For many people,” Altman says, about both the company and its chief
2023 was “the year that they started taking executive.
AI seriously.” Born as a nonprofit research Altman, 38, has been Silicon Valley
lab dedicated to building artificial intelli- royalty for a decade, a superstar founder
gence for the benefit of humanity, OpenAI with immaculate vibes. “You don’t fire
became an $80 billion rocket ship. Altman a Steve Jobs,” said former Google CEO
emerged as one of the most powerful and Eric Schmidt. Yet the board had. (Jobs,
venerated executives in the world, the pub- as it happens, was once fired by Apple,
lic face and leading prophet of a technologi- only to return as well.) As rumors
cal revolution. swirled over the ouster, the board said
Until the rocket ship nearly imploded. On there was no dispute over the safety of
Nov. 17, OpenAI’s nonprofit board of direc- OpenAI’s products, the commercializa-
tors fired Altman, without warning or even tion of its technology, or the pace of its
much in the way of explanation. The surreal research. Altman’s “behavior and lack
maneuvering that followed made the corpo- of transparency in his interactions with
rate dramas of Succession seem staid. Em- the board” had undermined its ability
ployees revolted. So did OpenAI’s powerful to supervise the company in accor-
investors; one even baselessly speculated dance with its mandate, though it did
that one of the directors who defenestrated not share examples.
PHOTOGR APH BY JOE PUGLIESE FOR TIME
CEO OF THE YEAR SA M ALTMA N
Interviews with more than 20 peo- An OpenAI spokesperson said the trusted to safely usher in a technology
ple in Altman’s circle—including cur- company could not comment on the that many believe could destroy us all?
rent and former OpenAI employees, events surrounding Altman’s firing. It’s not clear if Altman will have
multiple senior executives, and others “We’re unable to disclose specific de- more power or less in his second stint
who have worked closely with him over tails until the board’s independent re- as CEO. The company has established
the years—reveal a complicated por- view is complete. We look forward to itself as the field’s front runner since
trait. Those who know him describe the findings of the review and continue the launch of ChatGPT, and expects to
Altman as affable, brilliant, uncom- to stand behind Sam,” the spokesper- release new, more capable models next
monly driven, and gifted at rallying in- son said in a statement to TIME. “Our year. But there’s no guarantee OpenAI
vestors and researchers alike around primary focus remains on develop- will maintain the industry lead as bil-
his vision of creating artificial general ing and releasing useful and safe AI, lions of dollars pour into frontier AI re-
intelligence (AGI) for the benefit of so- and supporting the new board as they search by a growing field of competi-
ciety as a whole. But four people who work to make improvements to our tors. The tech industry is known for its
have worked with Altman over the governance structure.” hype cycles—bursts of engineered ex-
years also say he could be slippery— Altman has spent much of the past citement that allow venture capital to
and at times, misleading and decep- year assuring the public that OpenAI profit from fads like virtual reality or
tive. Two people familiar with the takes seriously the responsibility of cryptocurrency. It’s possible the break-
board’s proceedings say that Altman shepherding its powerful technol- neck pace of AI development slows
is skilled at manipulating people, and ogy into the world. One piece of evi- and the lofty promises about AGI don’t
that he had repeatedly received feed- dence he gave was OpenAI’s unusual materialize.
back that he was sometimes dishonest hybrid structure: it is a for-profit com- But one of the big reasons for the
in order to make people feel he agreed pany governed by a nonprofit board, standoff at OpenAI is that everyone in-
with them when he did not. These with a mandate to prioritize the mis- volved thinks a new world is not just
people saw this pattern as part of a sion over financial interests. “No one coming, but coming fast. Two people
broader attempt to consolidate power. person should be trusted here,” Alt- familiar with the board’s deliberations
“In a lot of ways, Sam is a really nice man told a Bloomberg Technology emphasize the stakes of supervising a
guy; he’s not an evil genius. It would conference in June. “The board can company that believes it is building the
be easier to tell this story if he was fire me. I think that’s important.” But most important technology in history.
a terrible person,” says one of them. when that happened only for Altman Altman thinks AGI—a system that sur-
“He cares about the mission, he cares to maneuver his way back, it seemed passes humans in most regards—could
about other people, he cares about hu- to underscore that this accountabil- be reached sometime in the next four
manity. But there’s also a clear pattern, ity was a mirage. How could a com- or five years. AGI could turbocharge the
if you look at his behavior, of really pany that had brought itself to the global economy, expand the frontiers of
seeking power in an extreme way.” brink of self-destruction overnight be scientific knowledge, and dramatically
60 TIME December 25, 2023
JUNE 22, 2019 NOV. 30, 2022 NOV. 17, 2023
improve standards of living for billions in downtown San Francisco, where Loopt became part of the first
A LT M A N : D R E W A N G E R E R — G E T T Y I M AG E S; M U S K : M I C H A E L M . S A N T I AG O — G E T T Y I M AG E S; A N T H R O P I C: C O U R T E SY A N T H R O P I C; O P E N A I: C O U R T E SY G R EG B R O C K M A N
of humans—creating a future that looks Altman will soon present to some cohort of eight companies to join
wildly different from the past. In this 900 attendees at OpenAI’s first de- Y Combinator, the now vaunted startup
view, broadening our access to cognitive veloper conference. Dressed in a gray accelerator. The company was sold in
labor—“having more access to higher- sweater and brightly colored Adidas 2012 for $43 million, netting Altman
quality intelligence and better ideas,” Lego sneakers, he thanks the speech $5 million. Though the return was rel-
as Altman puts it—could help solve ev- coach helping him rehearse. “This atively modest, Altman learned some-
erything from climate change to cancer. is so not my thing,” he says. “I’m thing formative: “The way to get things
But it would also come with serious much more comfortable behind a done is to just be really f-cking persis-
risks. To many, the rapid rise in AI’s ca- computer screen.” tent,” he told Vox’s Re/code. Those
pabilities over the past year is deeply That’s where Altman was to be who know him say Altman has an abid-
alarming. Computer scientists have not found on Friday nights as a high school ing sense of obligation to tackle issues
solved what’s known in the industry as student, playing on an original Bondi big and small. “As soon as he’s aware of
the “alignment problem”—the task of Blue iMac. He grew up in a middle- a problem, he really wants to solve it,”
ensuring that AGI conforms to human class Jewish family in the suburbs of says his fiancé Mulherin, an Australian
values. Few agree on who should deter- St. Louis, the eldest of four children software engineer turned investor. Or
mine those values. Altman and others born to a real estate broker and a der- as Altman puts it, “Stuff only gets bet-
have warned that advanced AI could matologist. Altman was equal parts ter because people show up and work.
pose “existential” risks on the scale nerdy and self-assured. He came out No one else is coming to save the day.
of pandemics and nuclear war. This is as gay as a teenager, giving a speech You’ve just got to do it.”
the context in which OpenAI’s board in front of his high school after some YC’s co-founder Paul Graham spot-
determined that its CEO could not be students objected to a National ted a rare blend of strategic talent,
trusted. “People are really starting to Coming Out Day speaker. He enrolled ambition, and tenacity. “You could
play for keeps now,” says Daniel Col- at Stanford to study computer sci- parachute him into an island full of
son, executive director of the Artifi- ence in 2003, as memories of the dot- cannibals and come back in five years
cial Intelligence Policy Institute (AIPI) com crash were fading. In college, Alt- and he’d be the king,” Graham wrote
and the founder of an Altman-backed man got into poker, which he credits of Altman when he was just 23. In
startup, “because there’s an expecta- for inculcating lessons about psychol- February 2014, Graham tapped his pro-
tion that the window to try to shift the ogy and risk. By that point, he knew he tégé, then 28, to replace him as presi-
trajectory of things is closing.” wanted to become an entrepreneur. He dent of YC. By the time Altman took
dropped out of school after two years the reins, YC had incubated unicorns
ON A BRIGHT MORNING in early No- to work on Loopt, a location-based like Airbnb, Stripe, and Dropbox. But
vember, Altman looks nervous. We’re social network he co-founded with his the new boss had a bigger vision. He
backstage at a cavernous event space then boyfriend, Nick Sivo. wanted to expand YC’s remit beyond
61
CEO OF THE YEAR SA M ALTMA N
Sutskever’s research team threw ideas good AGI outcome more than others.” from commercial considerations—had
at the wall to see what stuck. “It was a One key to winning was Sutskever. lasted less than four years.
very brilliant assembly of some of the OpenAI’s chief scientist had an almost Altman was spending an increas-
best people in the field,” says Krisiloff. religious belief in the neural network, ing amount of time thinking about
“At the same time, it did not necessar- a type of AI algorithm that ingested OpenAI’s financial troubles and hang-
ily feel like everyone knew what they large amounts of data and could inde- ing out at its office, where Brockman
were doing.” pendently detect underlying patterns. and Sutskever had been lobbying him
63
CEO OF THE YEAR SA M ALTMA N
A N D W E’ R E A B OU T T O T E L L H U M A N I T Y.’
to come on full time. “OpenAI had patterns in data. OpenAI researchers to wider and wider numbers of peo-
never had a CEO,” he says. “I was kind began to train the first models in their ple. The doctrine was called “iterative
of doing it 30% of the time, but not very GPT (generative pretrained trans- deployment.” It enabled OpenAI to
well.” He worried the lab was at an in- former) series. With each iteration, collect data on how AIs were used by
flection point, and without proper the models improved dramatically. the public, and to build better safety
leadership, “it could just disintegrate.” GPT-1, trained on the text of some mechanisms in response. And it would
In March 2019, the same week the com- 7,000 books, could just about string gradually expose the public to the tech-
pany’s restructure was announced, Alt- sentences together. GPT-2, trained on nology while it was still comparatively
man left YC and formally came on as 8 million web pages, could just about crude, giving people time to adapt
OpenAI CEO. answer questions. GPT-3, trained on to the monumental changes Altman
Altman insists this new structure hundreds of billions of words from the saw coming.
was “the least bad idea” under discus- internet, books, and Wikipedia, could On its own terms, iterative deploy-
sion. In some ways, the solution was an just about write poetry. ment worked. It handed OpenAI a de-
elegant one: it allowed the company to Altman recalls a breakthrough in cisive advantage in safety-trained mod-
raise much-needed cash from investors 2019 that revealed the vast possibili- els, and eventually woke up the world
while telegraphing its commitment to ties ahead. An experiment into “scal- to the power of AI. It’s also true that it
conscientiously developing AI. Alt- ing laws” underpinning the relation- was extremely good for business. The
man embodied both goals—an extraor- ship between the computing power approach bears a striking resemblance
dinarily talented fundraiser who was devoted to training an AI and its re- to a tried-and-tested YC strategy for
also a thoughtful steward of a poten- sulting capabilities yielded a series of startup success: building the so-called
tially transformative technology. “perfect, smooth graphs,” he says—the minimum viable product. Hack to-
It didn’t take long for Altman to kind of exponential curves that more gether a cool demo, attract a small
raise $1 billion from Microsoft— closely resembled a fundamental law group of users who love it, and improve
a figure that has now ballooned to of the universe than experimental data. based on their feedback. Put things
$13 billion. The restructuring of the It was a cool June night, and in the twi- out into the world. And eventually—if
company, and the tie-up with Micro- light a collective realization dawned on you’re lucky enough and do it right—
soft, changed OpenAI’s complexion the assembled group of researchers as that will attract large groups of users,
in significant ways, three former em- they stood outside the OpenAI office: light the fuse of a media hype cycle, and
ployees say. Employees began receiv- AGI was not just possible, but prob- allow you to raise huge sums. This was
ing equity as a standard part of their ably coming sooner than any of them part of the motivation, Brockman tells
compensation packages, which some previously thought. “We were all like, TIME. “We knew that we needed to be
holdovers from the nonprofit era this is really going to happen, isn’t it?” able to raise additional capital,” he says.
thought created incentives for employ- Altman says. “It felt like one of these “Building a product is actually a pretty
ees to maximize the company’s valu- moments of science history. We know clear way to do it.”
ation. The amount of equity that staff a new thing now, and we’re about to tell Some worried that iterative deploy-
were given was very generous by in- humanity about it.” ment would accelerate a dangerous AI
dustry standards, according to a per- arms race, and that commercial con-
son familiar with the compensation The realizaTion conTribuTed to cerns were clouding OpenAI’s safety
program. Some employees fretted a change in how OpenAI released its priorities. Several people close to the
OpenAI was turning into something technology. By then, the company had company thought OpenAI was drifting
more closely resembling a traditional already reneged on its founding princi- away from its original mission. “We had
tech company. “We leave billion-dollar ple of openness, after recognizing that multiple board conversations about it,
ideas on the table constantly,” says VP open-sourcing increasingly power- and huge numbers of internal conver-
of people Diane Yoon. ful AI could be great for criminals and sations,” Altman says. But the deci-
Microsoft’s investment super- bad for business. When it built GPT-2 sion was made. In 2021, seven staffers
charged OpenAI’s ability to scale up its in 2019, it initially declined to release who disagreed quit to start a rival lab
systems. An innovation from Google the model publicly, fearing it could called Anthropic, led by Dario Amodei,
offered another breakthrough. Known have a devastating impact on public OpenAI’s top safety researcher.
as the “transformer,” it made neural discourse. But in 2020, the company In August 2022, OpenAI fin-
networks far more efficient at spotting decided to slowly distribute its tools ished work on GPT-4, and executives
64 Tife December 25, 2023
discussed releasing it along with a embarked on a world tour, includ-
basic, user-friendly chat interface. ing stops in Israel, India, Japan, Nige-
Altman thought that would “be too ria, South Korea, and the UAE. Altman
much of a bombshell all at once.” He addressed a conference in Beijing via
proposed launching the chatbot with video link. So many government offi-
GPT-3.5—a model that had been acces- cials and policymakers clamored for
sible to the public since the spring—so an audience that “we ended up doing
people could get used to it, and then twice as many meetings than were
releasing GPT-4 a few months later. scheduled for any given day,” says
Decisions at the company typically in- head of global affairs Anna Makanju.
volve a long, deliberative period dur- AI soared up the policy agenda: there
ing which senior leaders come to a was a White House Executive Order,
consensus, Altman says. Not so with a global AI Safety Summit in the
the launch of what would eventually U.K., and attempts to codify AI stan-
become the fastest-growing new prod- dards in the U.N., the G-7, and the
uct in tech history. “In this case,” he re- African Union.
calls, “I sent a Slack message saying, By the time Altman took the stage
Yeah, let’s do this.” In a brainstorm- at OpenAI’s developer conference
ing session before Nov. 30 launch, in November, it seemed as if noth-
Altman replaced its working title, ing could bring him down. To cheers,
Chat With GPT-3.5, with the slightly he announced OpenAI was mov-
pithier ChatGPT. OpenAI’s head of ing toward a future of autonomous
sales received a Slack message letting AI “agents” with power to act in the
her know the product team was si- world on a user’s behalf. During an
lently launching a “low-key research interview with TIME two days later,
preview,” which was unlikely to affect he said he believed the chances of AI
the sales team. wiping out humanity were not only
Nobody at OpenAI predicted what low, but had gone down in the past
came next. After five days, ChatGPT year. He felt the increase in aware-
crossed 1 million users. ChatGPT now ness of the risks, and an apparent will-
has 100 million users—a threshold that ingness among governments to coor-
took Facebook 4½ years to hit. Sud- dinate, were positive developments
denly, OpenAI was the hottest startup that flowed from OpenAI’s iterative-
in Silicon Valley. In 2022, OpenAI deployment strategy. While the world
brought in $28 million in revenue; this debates the probabilities that AI will
year it raked in $100 million a month. destroy civilization, Altman is more
The company embarked on a hiring sanguine. (The odds are “nonzero,” he
spree, more than doubling in size. In allows, but “low if we can take all the
March, it followed through on Altman’s right actions.”) What keeps him up at
plan to release GPT-4. The new model night these days is something far more
far surpassed ChatGPT’s capabilities— prosaic: an urban coyote that has col-
unlike its predecessor, it could describe onized the grounds of his $27 million
the contents of an image, write mostly home in San Francisco. “This coyote
reliable code in all major programming moved into my house and scratches on
languages, and ace standardized tests. the door outside,” he says, picking up
Billions of dollars poured into com- his iPhone and, with a couple of taps,
petitors’ efforts to replicate OpenAI’s flipping the screen around to reveal a
successes. “We definitely accelerated picture of the animal lounging on an
the race, for lack of a more nuanced outdoor sofa. “It’s very cute, but it’s
phrase,” Altman says. very annoying at night.”
The CEO was suddenly a global
star. He seemed unusually equipped AS ALTMAN RADIATED confidence,
to navigate the different factions of the unease was growing within his board
AI world. “I think if this technology of directors. The board had shrunk
G E T T Y I M A G E S (10)
goes wrong, it can go quite wrong, and from nine members to six over the
we want to be vocal about that,” Alt- preceding months. That left a panel
man told lawmakers at a U.S. Senate made up of three OpenAI employees—
hearing in May. That month, Altman Altman, Sutskever, and Brockman—
65
CEO OF THE YEAR SA M ALTMA N
PR E SE RV E T H IS T H I NG I CA R E D A B OU T S O M UC H .’
and three independent directors: reached the decision, they felt it was have made it difficult for the board to
Adam D’Angelo, the CEO of question- necessary to act fast, worried Altman share specifics, the people with knowl-
and-answer site Quora; Tasha McCau- would detect that something was amiss edge of the proceedings say. But the
ley, a technology entrepreneur and and begin marshaling support or trying absence of examples of the “lack of
Rand Corp. scientist; and Helen Toner, to undermine their credibility. “As soon candor” the board cited as the impe-
an expert in AI policy at Georgetown as he had an inkling that this might be tus for Altman’s firing contributed to
University’s Center for Security and remotely on the table,” another of the rampant speculation—that the deci-
Emerging Technology. people familiar with the board’s discus- sion was driven by a personal vendetta,
The panel had argued over how to sions says, “he would bring the full force an ideological dispute, or perhaps
replace the three departing members, of his skills and abilities to bear.” sheer incompetence. The board fired
according to three people familiar with On the evening of Thursday, Altman for “nitpicky, unfireable, not
the discussions. For some time—little Nov. 16, Sutskever asked Altman to even close to fireable offenses,” says
by little, at different rates—the three chat at noon the following day. At the Ron Conway, the founder of SVAngel
independent directors and Sutskever appointed time, Altman joined Su- and a mentor who was one of the first
were becoming concerned about Alt- tskever on Google Meet, where the en- people Altman called after being ter-
man’s behavior. Altman had a tendency tire board was present except Brock- minated. “It is reckless and irrespon-
to play different people off one another man. Sutskever told Altman that he sible for a board to fire a founder over
in order to get his desired outcome, say was being fired and that the news emotional reasons.”
two people familiar with the board’s would be made public shortly. “It re- Within hours, the company’s staff
discussions. Both also say Altman tried ally felt like a weird dream, much more threatened to quit if the board did not
to ensure information flowed through intensely than I would have expected,” resign and allow Altman to return.
him. “He has a way of keeping the pic- Altman tells TIME. Under immense pressure, the board
ture somewhat fragmented,” one says, The board’s statement was terse: reached out to Altman the morning
making it hard to know where others Altman “was not consistently can- after his firing to discuss a potential
stood. To some extent, this is par for did in his communications with the path forward. Altman characterizes it
the course in business, but this person board, hindering its ability to exercise as a request for him to come back. “I
says Altman crossed certain thresholds its responsibilities,” the announce- went through a range of emotions. I
that made it increasingly difficult for ment said. “The board no longer has first was defiant,” he says. “But then,
the board to oversee the company and confidence in his ability to continue pretty quickly, there was a sense of
hold him accountable. leading OpenAI.” duty and obligation, and wanting to
One example came in late October, Altman was locked out of his com- preserve this thing I cared about so
when an academic paper Toner wrote puter. He began reaching out to his net- much.” The sources close to the board
in her capacity at Georgetown was work of investors and mentors, telling describe the outreach differently, cast-
published. Altman saw it as critical of them he planned to start a new com- ing it as an attempt to talk through
OpenAI’s safety efforts and sought to pany. (He tells TIME he received so ways to stabilize the company before
push Toner off the board. Altman told many texts his iMessage broke.) The it fell apart.
one board member that another be- board expected pressure from inves- For nearly 48 hours, the negotiations
lieved Toner ought to be removed im- tors and media. But they misjudged dragged on. Mira Murati, OpenAI’s
mediately, which was not true, accord- the scale of the blowback from within chief technology officer who stepped in
ing to two people familiar with the the company, in part because they had as interim CEO, joined the rest of the
discussions. reason to believe the executive team company’s leadership in advocating for
This episode did not spur the board’s would respond differently, according Altman’s return. So on the night of Sun-
decision to fire Altman, those people say, to two people familiar with the board’s day, Nov. 19, the board appointed a new
but it was representative of the ways in thinking, who say the board’s move to interim CEO, Emmett Shear, the former
which he tried to undermine good gov- oust Altman was informed by senior CEO of Twitch. Microsoft boss Satya
ernance, and was one of several inci- OpenAI leaders, who had approached Nadella announced Altman and Brock-
dents that convinced the quartet that them with a variety of concerns about man would be joining Microsoft to start
they could not carry out their duty of su- Altman’s behavior and its effect on the a new advanced AI unit; Microsoft
pervising OpenAI’s mission if they could company’s culture. made it known that any OpenAI staff
not trust Altman. Once the directors Legal and confidentiality reasons members would be welcome to join.
66 Tife December 25, 2023
CEO OF THE YEAR SA M ALTMA N
‘ E V E RYO N E F E E L S L I K E W E H AV E A S E C O N D
—O p e n A I p r e s i d e n t G r e g B r o c k m a n
After a tearful confrontation with much money is at stake. But whether would provide independent oversight,
Brockman’s wife, Sutskever flipped his or not the board made a correct deci- only to see it fall short. “One thing that
position: “I deeply regret my participa- sion, their unwillingness or inability to has very clearly come out of this is we
tion in the board’s actions,” he posted in offer examples of what they saw as Alt- haven’t done a good job of solving for
the early hours of Nov. 20. man’s problematic behavior would en- AI governance,” says Divya Siddarth,
By the end of that day, nearly sure they lost the public relations battle the co-founder of the Collective Intel-
all of OpenAI’s 770 employees had in a landslide. A panel set up as a check ligence Project, a nonprofit that works
signed an open letter signaling their on the CEO’s power had come to seem on that issue. “It has put into sharp re-
intention to quit if Altman was not as though it was wielding unaccount- lief that very few people are making
reinstated. The same canniness that able power of its own. extremely consequential decisions in
makes Altman such a talented entre- In the end, the remaining board a completely opaque way, which feels
preneur also made him a formidable members secured a few concessions fine, until it blows up.”
opponent in the standoff, able to com- in the agreement struck to return Alt- Back in the CEO’s chair, Altman
mand loyalty from huge swaths of the man as CEO. A new independent board says his priorities are stabilizing the
company and beyond. would supervise an investigation into company and its relationships with ex-
And while mission is a powerful draw his conduct and the board’s decision to ternal partners after the debacle; dou-
for OpenAI employees, so too is money. fire him. Altman and Brockman would bling down on certain research areas
Nearly every full-time OpenAI employee not regain their seats, and D’Angelo after the massive expansion of the past
has financial interests in OpenAI’s suc- would remain on the panel, rather year; and supporting the new board to
cess, including former board members than all independent members resign- come up with better governance. What
Brockman and Sutskever. (Altman, who ing. Still, it was a triumph for OpenAI’s that looks like remains vague. “If an
draws a salary of $65,000, does not have leadership. “The best interests of the oracle said, Here is the way to set up
equity beyond an indirect investment company and the mission always come the structure that is best for humanity,
through his stake in YC.) A tender offer first. It is clear that there were real mis- that’d be great,” Altman says.
to let OpenAI employees sell shares at understandings between me and mem- Whatever role he plays going for-
an $86 billion valuation to outside in- bers of the board,” Altman posted on X. ward will receive more scrutiny. “I think
vestors was planned for a week after “I welcome the board’s independent re- these events have turned him into a po-
Altman’s firing; employees who stood view of all recent events.” litical actor in the mass public’s eye in a
to earn millions by December feared Two nights before Thanksgiving, way that he wasn’t before,” says Colson,
that option would vanish. “It’s unprec- staff gathered at the headquarters, pop- the executive director of AIPI, who be-
edented in history to see a company go ping champagne. Brockman posted a lieves the episode has highlighted the
potentially to zero if everybody walks,” selfie with dozens of employees, with danger of having risk-tolerant technol-
says one of the people familiar with the the caption: “we are so back.” ogists making choices that affect all of
board’s discussions. “It’s unsurprising us. “Unfortunately, that’s the dynamic
that employees banded together in the TEN days afTEr the agreement was that the market has set up for.”
face of that particular threat.” reached for their return, OpenAI’s lead- But for now, Altman looks set to re-
Unlike the staff, the three remain- ers were resolute. “I think everyone main a leading architect of a potentially
ing board members who sought to oust feels like we have a second chance here world-changing technology. “Build-
Altman were employed elsewhere, had to really achieve the mission. Everyone ing superintelligence is going to be a
no financial stake in the company, and is aligned,” Brockman says. But the society-wide project,” he says. “We
were not involved in its day-to-day op- company is in for an overhaul. Sutskev- would like to be one of the shapers,
erations. In contrast to a typical for- er’s future at the company is murky. The but it’s not going to be something that
profit board, which makes decisions in- new board—former Twitter board chair one company just does. It will be far
formed by quarterly earnings reports, Bret Taylor, former U.S. Treasury Sec- bigger than any one company. And I
stock prices, and concerns for share- retary Larry Summers, and D’Angelo— think we’re in a position where we’re
holder value, their job was to exer- will expand back to nine members and gonna get to provide that input no mat-
cise their judgment to ensure the com- take a hard look at the company’s gov- ter what at this point. Unless we really
pany was acting in the best interests of ernance. “Clearly the current thing was screw up badly.” —With reporting by
humanity—a mission that is fuzzy at not good,” Altman says. Will HensHall/WasHingTon and
best, and difficult to uphold when so OpenAI had tried a structure that Julia ZorTHian/neW York
68 Time December 25, 2023
L
ATHLE TE OF TH E YEAR
MESSI B y S e an Gregor y/
“You couldn’t have written it better. It
was for MLS, and for America. It was for
the future of the game.”
Few could have imagined this
scene—the pink sea of fans losing their
Fort Lauderdale, Fla. minds over their new local sensation—
seven months earlier as Messi kissed the
World Cup trophy, finally securing the
ThaT This momenT unfolded, on July 21, ultimate prize that had long eluded him.
2023, in Fort Lauderdale still feels surreal. Messi finished his 2022–2023 club sea-
Lionel Messi, in his first game wearing a pink son, for Paris St.-Germain (PSG), with
Inter Miami jersey, awarded a free kick in 21 goals and 20 assists across all com-
the final seconds o Major League Soccer petitions. Then, as his contract with that
(MLS)debut.Here hegreatestlivingsoccer team wound down, speculation about
player, arguably th to ever play the world’s his future ran rampant. Would he return
most popular g ho last year led Argen- to Barcelona, the team that signed him
THE EIGHTH TIME IN OCTOBER
tina to its first W up win in nearly four de- as a 13-year-old phenom from Rosario,
cades, suiting ast-place club in the U.S. Argentina? Would he further empower
MESSI WON THE BALLON D’OR AS
Before nter Miami defender Saudi Arabia, a country that has been ac-
DeAndre o played in that same cused of “sportswashing” its troubling
World S., went to the sideline human-rights record by signing global
THE WORLD’S BEST PLAYER FOR
because of how football is growing in the Fans wait to enter DRV PNK the beautiful game. Recently, however,
country and because of the effort they are Stadium before a match the sport has seen impressive growth,
putting into creating a top competition.” against Cruz Azul on July 21 and with the U.S. hosting three major
At the end, he tells TIME, “it was Saudi international tournaments in the next
Arabia or MLS, and both options seemed three years (Copa America in 2024, the
very interesting to me.” Messi shocked the but that hardly mattered. At 36, two de- FIFA Club World Cup in 2025, and the
globe by turning down a contract from cades into his unparalleled career, Messi grandest of them all, the World Cup,
a Saudi club reportedly worth hundreds provided a singular stimulus to soccer in in 2026), it’s sure to attract even more
of millions of dollars per year and an- America. Attendance, ticket prices, mer- fans. But Messi is an accelerant. With the
nouncing in June that he was signing with chandise sales, and viewership soared. most revered and influential athlete on
P R E V I O U S PA G E : A N YC H A N C E /G E T T Y I M A G E S; T H I S PA G E : R E B E C C A B L A C K W E L L— A P
Inter Miami. It wasn’t just the move that His games took on the feel of a religious the planet playing in Miami for at least
was stunning, but the size and scope of revival. After Messi scored a goal against the next two years, still performing at
the deal. In addition to the more than the New York Red Bulls in August, rap- the top of his game—he won another
$20 million a year Inter Miami would per Fat Joe posted on Instagram a video Ballon d’Or as the world’s player of the
pay him, he would be granted an owner- of himself, nearly in tears, shouting year, his eighth, in late October—the U.S.
ship stake in the team upon retirement “Messi! Messi! Messi!” is now a soccer nation. A fútbol nation.
and an unprecedented cut of revenues “I had to be electrified,” says Fat Joe in
earned by a league media partner—in this explaining why, despite not being much The unlikely Tale of how Messi
case, Apple. It was a deal that not only of a soccer fan, he was at that Saturday- ended up in South Florida begins
reflected Messi’s undiminished talent night game in Harrison, N.J. “This man in January 2018, when Inter Miami
on the field but also set a new standard is a culture shifter. He’s a GOAT.” announced it was joining MLS as an ex-
for athlete leverage and empowerment. For reasons that have been bandied pansion team starting play in 2020. Beck-
Messi marked his arrival in the U.S. around for decades (lack of goal scoring, ham, who as part of the 2007 contract he
by scoring 10 goals in seven Leagues not as violent as football or fun as bas- signed with the L.A. Galaxy maintained
Cup games while leading Inter Miami ketball, status as a foreign import), the the right to buy into an MLS expansion
to the championship. A nagging injury United States, the world’s most lucrative franchise for $25 million, was a co-owner,
slowed his MLS pace come September, sports market, had never fully embraced along with brothers Jorge and Jose Mas,
72 Time December 25, 2023
ATHLETE OF THE YEAR LIONEL MESSI
Miami natives who run MasTec, an infra- says Mas. “Because it’s the crowning especially for the younger players,” says
structure construction company. Their achievement. He needed a new chap- Yedlin. “I went through this as a young
dream was to lure Messi to the team. “The ter. Completely different. Blank pages.” player: you get on little ego trips when
people who know me really well laughed,” As talks between Inter Miami and you have a good game. But it really hum-
says managing owner Jorge Mas. “The Messi’s camp advanced, Cue added what bles you to see the greatest ever coming
people who don’t know me were sort of would become a carrot in the deal, offer- in and talking to everybody and mak-
really respectful. They’d turn around and ing Messi a slice of Apple’s international ing jokes and giving advice to the young
go, ‘This is way out of his league.’” subscription revenues, which would un- guys and saying ‘please’ and ‘thank you’
An exec for Messi’s longtime spon- doubtedly spike once he joined MLS. to everyone in the building. It makes you
sor Adidas helped broker a meeting Still, it was hardly a sure thing. “The realize, ‘I have a lot further to go before
with Beckham, Jorge Mas, and Jorge one that really worried me was Barce- I can start putting myself on a cloud.’”
Messi, Lionel’s father and agent, in lona,” says Beckham. “He never got to say “From day one, Leo arrives early, and
September 2019 in Barcelona. The own- goodbye to the fans, or say goodbye to the he leaves later than any other player,”
ers laid out their vision for the club and club.” Beckham and Mas ultimately con- says Beckham. “He’s the most profes-
how Messi could fit into a city that’s 70% vinced him that his family—Messi and his sional player on our squad.”
Hispanic. But Messi wasn’t quite ready wife Antonela Roccuzzo have three sons, Adjusting to life in the U.S., Messi
for a radical relocation in the summer of 11, 8, and 5—would enjoy South Florida. says, has been “pretty easy.” “For now,
2021, when he left Barcelona for Paris. “I explained to him, as a family, the six we can’t complain about anything,” he
Mas was undeterred. While MLS was years we had in L.A. were the best six says. “Perhaps the most difficult thing to
negotiating a 10-year, $2.5 billion contract years that we had,” says Beckham. “Peo- adapt to may be the traffic, although in
for its games to be carried on Apple TV ple welcomed us with open arms, not Paris it was also complicated. And then
in 2022, Mas told Eddy Cue, Apple’s se- just in L.A., but the whole of America.” the heat and humidity in the summer.
nior vice president of services, about his On June 7, Messi announced he was Although being on the beach or on va-
quest to sign Messi. “To me, it would be coming to Miami. His soon-to-be team- cation can often be pleasant, for play-
like the London basketball league saying, mates were in Birmingham, Ala., pre- ing sports, training or playing games,
‘I want to sign LeBron James,’” Cue says. paring for a game when they heard the especially in the summer, perhaps it is
“‘OK, sure.’” But Mas kept in touch with news. Midfielder Benjamin Cremaschi, a little too much, and that shows.”
Messi’s father, and in September 2022, an 18-year-old Miami native whose fa- On the day of Messi’s Inter Miami
Argentina held a pre–World Cup train- ther played rugby for the Argentina na- debut, Apple added some 110,000 U.S.
ing camp in Miami. This gave Mas cru- tional team, had a fever. Plus, he was subscriptions to its MLS Season Pass ser-
cial face time with the man himself. “My too drained from responding to a mil- vice, according to analytics company An-
biggest message to him was ‘Listen, few lion messages to outwardly rejoice. “But tenna, the largest ever single-day spike
times in history has an uber-athlete been inside,” he says, “I was going crazy.” and a 1,700% increase over the prior day.
in a position to change a sport in a coun- Since Messi joined Inter Miami, Apple’s
try,’” says Mas. “‘You have the oppor- Upon landing in Florida, Messi numbers in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico,
tunity to change the sport in the largest did his best to blend in. (No simple task and Europe “went from basically zero to
commercial market in the world, which when a bodyguard follows you up and moving the needle in a huge way,” says
is the United States of America.’” down the sideline during games and mu- Cue. After Inter Miami’s win over Cruz
Mas then took off for the World Cup rals of your likeness pop up around the Azul, Messi scored four goals in two more
in Qatar in November 2022 to deepen city.) “You don’t know how he’s going Inter Miami home victories in the Leagues
his Team Messi ties. He attended every to be off the field,” says Yedlin, 30. “He Cup before Messimania hit the road to
Argentina game and secured a spot in can come in here and change the colors the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex. “It was
Messi’s box for the final, in which Messi of the club if he wanted to.” Inter Miami our highest-revenue night of all time,”
scored a pair of goals and prevailed in still wears pink; the pink Messi jersey says Dan Hunt, president of FC Dallas,
a penalty-kick shoot-out. “There was became the most sought-after piece of an MLS charter franchise. “And it wasn’t
a certain trend of thought that said, sports merchandise in the world. “He even close.” Messi scored another pair
‘Oh my god, if Messi wins a World Cup, just wants to be part of the group,” says of goals, his second on another incred-
well, sh-t, we’ll never land Messi,’” Mas Yedlin. Messi, for example, joined a team ible curling free kick that tied the game,
says. Mas, however, felt the opposite text chain and offered to help secure 4-4, late. Inter Miami won in penalties.
was true. “If he wins the World Cup, extra game tickets for players’ friends “What sets him apart from everyone
I’m 1,000% convinced that we’re good,” and family. “It was really nice to see, else is between his ears,” says former
74 Time December 25, 2023
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Chef inspired.
LOVE IS IN THE DETAILS
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ATHLETE OF THE YEAR LIONEL MESSI
erage more than 30,000 fans on the road. too big of a hole before Messi arrived. But Messi walked onto the field in Fort Lau-
In October, Messi attracted a crowd of with training camp and a full season in derdale, raising his trophy to the ador-
62,124 to Soldier Field, a record for a Chi- store for next year, the team should fare ing crowd. “What I would say to the fans
cago Fire game. The Fire averaged crowds better in the standings. “The most im- is simply the same thing I said when I
of 15,422 against the rest of the league. portant thing right now is to recover well arrived,” Messi says. “We are going to
Messi sat out the game because of injury, physically and also mentally, rest, spend have some very good times. We are going
but fans still showed up in pink jerseys. time with my family, with my friends to compete to continue lifting trophies
In the 89th minute of Inter Miami’s and then think about returning with and enjoy ourselves.” —With reporting
game against New York, Messi shoved a the same desire as always and with some by Julia ZorThian
76 Time December 25, 2023
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T H E NATION
BUILDERS
ISR A ELIS A N D PA LEST I N I A NS W HO ST EPPED
U P A F T ER T H E OCT. 7 AT TACK
B y K a rl V i c k / Te l Av i v a n d Ya s m e e n S e rh a n / L o n d o n
I N ISR A EL A N D GA Z A A F T ER OCT. 7
M AY H AV E B E E N T H E L E A S T N O T I C E D
TR AUMA TEAMS
M E R AV RO T H
(previous pages)
81
THE NATION BUILDERS
▽ CIVIL DEFENDER
AMIR HASANAIN
83
THE NATION BUILDERS
▽ PEACEKEEPER
AMIR BADRAN
Before there was Tel Aviv, there was Jaffa, an ancient city
with the cosmopolitan feel of a Mediterranean port and
a population to match: a third of the city are Palestinian
citizens of Israel. That might explain Amir Badran’s
presence on the Tel Aviv–Jaffa city council. But only faith
in human nature could account for his decision this fall to
run for mayor just two years after Israel’s “mixed cities”
erupted in street fights.
Watching the news on Oct. 7, Badran knew his
campaign was in trouble. But he held out hope for Jaffa.
With a few phone calls, the attorney founded the Guard for
Jewish-Arab Partnership, a joint effort to keep the peace.
It advertises and staffs a hotline, sends volunteers
to escort people who feel unsafe, and partners with
Standing Together, a nationwide solidarity effort. Fear
is all around. In the month after the massacre, as many
Israelis applied for gun permits (236,000) as had done
so in the previous 20 years. Jaffa Arabs like Badran who
were appalled by the Hamas massacre were also shaken
by Israel’s retaliation. Some 200,000 residents of Gaza
trace their families to Jaffa, the home they fled or were
expelled from in 1948.
“We will work together, Arab and Jewish residents,
△ NIGHT MEDIC to keep each other’s backs,” Badran says, “to be safe
LANA OKAL in our homes, to secure our mosques, synagogues
and churches, and to show the world that we can do it
At the shelters where most of Gaza’s residents now differently, while other people speak in the language
reside, there are shortages of almost everything except of war, especially the mixed cities.” Regaining that
people. But that can be a blessing, as they bring exper- equilibrium, he says, is the only way forward for a country
tise. When Lana Okal arrived at the Khan Younis Training where 20% descend from Palestinians who stayed within
Centre camp she announced that she was a doctor. The Israel’s borders in 1948. “The reality is that we are living
25-year-old had graduated in January from Cairo Univer- together, and we will have to still live together.”
sity’s Kasr Al-Ainy School of Medicine, an experience she
savored after life in Gaza. Her hope was to study in Britain
after completing a year interning at Gaza City’s Al-Shifa
medical center. She had two months left when the war
began. “We had yet to cover anesthesiology and emer-
gency medicine,” Okal says.
She was put to work. By day, she has helped record
the health status of the displaced people in the shelter.
At night, she is on the list of medics who have volunteered
to be roused in emergencies. Trained in primary care,
Okal felt useful treating most of the patients brought to
her. But one night in late November, she found herself
facing a 40-year-old woman who had been pushed in a
wheelchair from Gaza City with her children. Her leg had
been amputated after being crushed in the bombing;
her husband was dead; and the young physician felt as
overwhelmed as the Gaza health care system itself.
“She said, ‘Help me.’ I cannot. I want to try, but I cannot.”
The amputation was “very polluted,” Okal says, and she
had neither the equipment nor the expertise to treat
it. Cell networks were down, so no ambulance could be
summoned. “The situation here,” Okal says, “is very
difficult.”
Few societies are built around the help treating the wounded, evacuees Information scholar Karine Nahon
military the way Israel is. So it made got hot meals, and donations got led the effort to sort the dead from
sense that the largest protests against sorted in an underground parking the abducted, a daunting task that
Benjamin Netanyahu’s efforts to garage staffed each day by 10,000 began with 14,500 names. Some
sideline the judiciary earlier this year to 15,000 volunteers. The Facebook 500 volunteers crawled through
were led by a group called Brothers post “Can we just pay taxes directly social media feeds and 150 Hamas
and Sisters in Arms. Started by seven to Brothers and Sisters in Arms?” Telegram channels, deploying
military reservists on WhatsApp, it grew became a meme. “You see the power facial-recognition software and
to 50,000 members, many of whom of unity,” says Ron Scherf, a co-founder. novel algorithms. “We’re a small
vowed not to serve in protest of the “Everybody’s now focusing on helping country,” Nahon says. “We gave a call,
Prime Minister’s power grab. each other.” and everybody showed up.”
When Hamas attacked Israel Three weeks after the massacre, Eyal Shai, an air force reservist with
on Oct. 7, the group nonetheless the situation room at the Tel Aviv experience running giant call centers,
urged its members to report for duty convention center was still humming. organized the teams. “They’re talking
“without hesitation.” But the real A computer whiteboard listed 60 in systems,” he says. “I’m talking
surprise was that it stepped in for a teams, ranging from intelligence to people and jobs.” Every hour, a table of
government that proved unable to kindergartens, other protest groups volunteers would break to talk with a
function. Brothers and Sisters for having pivoted just as nimbly to psychologist. Few knew each other by
Israel, as it was renamed that same whatever needed doing. (A lawyer name, but many recognized each other
day, posted an emergency button on previously tasked with springing from the protests that, at the time,
leading news sites: “If you have an arrested protesters had organized the had felt like the most important task
emergency, click here.” It sent 400 retrieval of pets from evacuated towns.) at hand. “When you look at the motive
teams to the communities around Gaza for our behavior over the last year, it all
to coax terrified residents out of safe came from being patriotic,” says Oren
rooms, and 5,000 volunteers to work Shvill, another of the founders. “True
the depopulated farms. Hospitals got love of country.”
85
2023
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OF T H E
F LOW ER MOON
8. A R E YOU T H ER E
G OD? I T’S M E ,
M A RGA R ET.
5. R EVOI R PA R IS
3. T H E ZON E
OF I N T ER EST
1. BIOGR A PH Y OF X
3. OU R SH A R E
OF N IGH T
6. T EM PLE FOLK
9. Y/ N
4. T H E BEE ST I NG
7. TOM L A K E
10. T R EMOR
△
Catherine Lacey,
author of
Biography of X
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ALEX NEWELL
By Laura Zornosa
story that I tell to just be another run-of-the-mill story tunnel, and she’s blinding, and I can’t
that just happens to look like me and be who I am. wait to bask in her.
94 Time December 25, 2023
PERSON OF TH E YEAR TAYLOR SWI FT
S O U R C E P H O T O : T E R E N C E R U S H I N — TA S 2 3/G E T T Y I M A G E S F O R TA S R I G H T S M A N A G E M E N T; A R T W O R K P H O T O : F O R M AT R I X