Professional Documents
Culture Documents
《陶渊明诗文》(多译本)
《陶渊明诗文》(多译本)
陶渊明诗文
归园田居 其一
《归园田居》共五首,作于晋安帝义熙二年(406),即陶渊明辞去彭泽令归隐田园的第二年。这里选录的是第一
首。园田:即田园。
少无适俗韵,性本爱丘山。
误落尘网中,一去三十年。
羁鸟恋旧林,池鱼思故渊。
开荒南野际,守拙归田园。
方宅十余亩,草屋八九间。
暧暧远人村,依依墟里烟。
狗吠深巷中,鸡鸣桑树颠。
户庭无尘杂,虚室有余闲。
久在樊笼里,复得返自然。
I have a farm,
Only a few acres,
And a humble cottage
Of eight or nine rooms.
There are elms and willows
Out back, for shade,
And in the front court
Peaches and plums,
In the dim dusk you can see far-off villages.
Smoke from cooking fires curl high in the air.
Dogs bark, down the deep lanes,
And cocks crow in the mulberry trees.
Nothing worldly crosses my threshold:
It is a house of sweet leisure,
After a life of long servitude
How I relish my return to nature!
饮酒(五)
结庐在人境,而无车马喧。
问君何能尔?心远地自偏。
采菊东篱下,悠悠见南山。
山气日夕佳,飞鸟相与还。
此中有真意,欲辩已忘言。
桃花源诗并记
陶渊明
晋太元中,武陵人捕鱼为业。缘溪行,忘路之远近。忽逢桃花林,夹岸数百步,中无杂树,芳草鲜美,
落英缤纷。渔人甚异之。复前行,欲穷其林。林尽水源,便得一山。山有小口,仿佛若有光。便舍船,从口入。
初极狭,才通人;复行数十步,豁然开朗。土地平旷,屋舍俨然,有良田美池桑竹之属;阡陌交通,鸡
犬相闻。其中往来种作,男女衣著,悉如外人;黄发垂髫,并怡然自乐。
见渔人,乃大惊;问所从来。具答之。便要还家,设酒杀鸡作食。村中闻有此人,咸来问讯。自云先世
避秦时乱,率妻子邑人来此绝境,不复出焉;遂与外人间隔。问今是何世,乃不知有汉,无论魏、晋。此人一一
为具言所闻,皆叹惋。余人各复延至其家,皆出酒食。停数日,辞去。此中人语云:“不足为外人道也。”
既出,得其船,便扶向路,处处志之。及郡下,诣太守说如此,太守即谴人随其往,寻向所志,遂迷,不复
得路。
南阳刘子骥,高尚士也,闻之,欣然规往。未果,寻病终。后遂无问津者。
3. (谢百魁译本)
The Peach Blossom Source
One day in the Taiyuan period of the Jin Dynasty, a native of Wuling
Prefecture, being a fisherman by trade, was boating in a stream. Oblivious of the
distance that he had covered, he came upon a peach grove, which lined the banks of
the stream for several hundred paces. The grove was unmixed with any other trees
and was carpeted with fragrant and tender grass, while the newly opened blossom was
a riot of pink. The fisherman much wondered and proceeded further, hoping to reach
the end of the grove, which turned out to be the head of the stream. There he was
confronted with a crag, which had a small orifice looking as if it were lit by a
dim light. Then he abandoned the boat and entered the opening.
At first the cave was very narrow, only passable for one person. After a
further walk of several dozen paces, a broad view burst upon his sight. He saw an
even and wide tract of land, on which some houses were arranged in good order, with
fertile fields, beautiful ponds, mulberry trees and bamboos all around them. The
fields were crisscrossed with ridged paths. The cocks and dogs heard and echoed
each other. The clothes worn by them en and women tilling the land were identical
with those of the outsiders. Te aged and the adolescent all enjoyed themselves in
blissful ease.
At sight of the fisherman, they were dumbfounded. Then they asked whence hi
came, and he answered their questions one by one. He was soon invited to their
homes, treated to a dinner with wine and chicken. Hearing of the stranger, the
villagers all came to see him and made him inquires. By their own account their
ancestors, in order to escape from the tumults of war during the Qin Dynasty, led
their wives, children and townsmen to this secluded place, and never went out
again. Thus they were isolated from the outsider world. Their inquires about the
present times showed that they had no idea of the Han, let alone the Wei and Jin
dynasties. The fisherman told them everything he knew, and they were all surprised
and regretted their ignorance. The remaining folks also invited him to their homes,
entertaining him with wine and food. The fisherman, having stayed for several days,
bade them farewell. The people said to him, “There is no need to tell the outside
world about us.”
Having left the cave, the fisherman found his boat and rowed along the
former route, making marks all the way. Upon his return in the prefecture he
visited the prefect and gave him a detailed account. The later sent immediately
some people as his escort, tracing the marks in search of the place. But they went
astray and lost their way.
Liu Ziji of Nanyang, a high-minded recluse, having been informed of it, set
out gladly for this unknown village, but to no purpose. Later he died of illness.
Afterwards, no one went to search for it again.
In the reign of Taiyuan of the Jin Dynasty, there was a man of Wuling who
was a fisherman by trade. One day he was fishing up a stream in his boat, heedless
of how far he had gone, when suddenly he came upon a forest of peach trees. On
either bank for several hundred yards there were no other kinds of trees. The
fragrant grass was beautiful to look at, all patterned with fallen blossoms. The
fisherman was extremely surprised and went on further, determined to get to the end
of this wood.
He found at the end of the wood the source of the stream and the foot of a
cliff, where there was a small cave in which there seemed to a faint light. He left
his boat and went in through the mouth of the cave. At first it was very narrow,
only wide enough for a man, but after forty or fifty yards he suddenly found
himself in the open.
The place he had come to was level and spacious. There were houses and
cottages arranged in a planned order; there were fine fields and beautiful pools;
there were mulberry trees, bamboo groves, and many other kinds of trees as well;
there were raised pathways round the fields; and he heard the fowls crowing and dog
barking. Going to and fro in al this, and busied in working and plating, were
people, both men and women. Their dress was not unlike that of people outside, and
all of them, whether old people with white hair or children with their hair in a
knot, were happy and content with themselves.
Seeing the fisherman, they were greatly amazed and asked him where he had
come from. He answered all their questions, and then they invited him to their
homes, where they put wine before him, killed chickens and prepared food in his
honour. When the other people in the village heard about the visitor, they too all
came ask questions.
They themselves told him that their ancestors had escaped from the wars and
confusion in the time of the Qin dynasty. Bring their wives and children, all the
people of their area had reached this isolated place, and had stayed here ever
since. Thus they had lost all contact with the outside world. They asked what
dynasty it was now. The Han they had never heard of, let alone the Wei and the Jin.
Point by point the fisherman explained all he could of the world that he knew, and
they all sighed in deep sorrow.
Afterwards all the rest invited him to their homes, and all feasted him
with wine and food. He stayed there several days and then bade them goodbye; before
he separated these people said to him: “Never speak to anyone outside about this!”
So he went out, found his boat and went back by the same route as he had
come, all along the way leaving marks. When he go to the provincial town he called
on the prefect and told him all about his experience. The prefect at once sent men
to go with him and follow up the marks he had left. But they became completely
confused over the marks and never found the place.
Liu Ziji, a scholar of high reputation from Nanyang, heard of this and
enthusiastically offered to go out wit the fisherman to try again. But he fell ill
and died before realizing his plan. After that no one went any more to look for the
way.
归去来兮辞
归去来兮,田园将芜胡不归!既自以心为形役,奚惆怅而独悲?悟已往之不谏,知来者之可追:实迷途
其未远,觉今是而昨非。
舟遥遥以轻飏,风飘飘而吹衣,向征夫以前路,恨晨光之熹微/伪。乃瞻衡宇,载欣载奔,僮仆欢迎,
稚子候门。三径就荒,松菊犹存;携幼入室,有酒盈樽。
引壶觞以自酌,眄庭柯亦怡颜;倚南窗以寄傲,审容膝之易安。园日涉以成趣,门虽设而常关;策扶老
以流憩,时矫首而遐观。云无心以出岫,鸟倦飞而知还;景翳翳以将入,抚孤松而盘桓。
归去来兮,请息交以绝游。世与我而向违,复驾言兮焉求!悦亲戚之情话,乐琴书以消忧。农人告余以
春及,将有事于西畴。
或命巾车,或棹孤舟;既窈窕以寻壑,亦崎岖而经丘。木欣欣以向荣,泉涓涓而始流;羡/善万物之得
时,感吾生之行休!
已矣乎,寓形宇内复几时,曷不委心任去留。胡为遑遑欲何之?富贵非吾愿,帝乡不可期。怀良辰以孤
往,或植杖而耘耔。登东皋以舒啸,临清流而赋诗。聊乘化以归尽,乐夫天命复奚疑!
2. (孙大雨译本)
Retracing My Way Home -A prose poem
Let me retrace my steps home! My fields and garden would be grown over with
weeds apace; why do I not went my way home? Since I have subjected my heart to
serve my body, wherefore do I become dejected and choked with grief? Realizing my
past to be lacking in counsel, I know my future is yet within the bounds of my
pursuit. Having indeed lost my way but not long, I feel I am right at present and
was wrong yesterday.
The barque swung gently on the waves afar, and gusts of wind aflutteringmy
a thwart clothes. Asking the travelers coming my path about the way stretching
ahead, I deplored that the dawn dusk was still dimly gray. Catching sight of the
cross plank door of my house, I felt glad on a sudden and fell to running …My
errand boy and men greeted me cheerfully, and my children were waiting at the
entrance. The byways and paths of my garden began to look desolate, but the pines
and the chrysanthemums were still there. Holding the little dear by the hand and
going into the parlour, I found an earthen pot full of wine. Making use of a jug
and a feathered beaker to drink by myself, I gazed at the trees in the yard to
lighten my face. Leaning against the southern window in airing my pride, I mused on
the reposing of my legs in the nook as a token of my quietude.
Roving daily in the garden becomes my favourite practice; the hedge-door,
though it stands there, is usually closed. With a cane to rely upon for supporting
my years and helping me to pace on or to pause, I often lift my head to command a
fair view of the distance. The clouds with a vacant heart float forth from the
cliffs; the birds tiring of flight know when to return to their nests. The
landscape looks blurred as I am to retire under the roof, resting my hand on a
solitary pine to linger for a while. Thus I have retraced my way home, and am going
to end my intercourse with the world. Since it runs counter to my bents, for what
should I venture forth to it with words convened in vain? Pleased with the feeling
words of my kin and friends, I also find good cheer in the table heptachord and
tomes of books for dispelling my gloom.
Farmer told me spring has come here and they would be busy at the western
suburb. I take to a draped cart or row a solitary boat to look for caves and
caverns that seem so quaint and unearthly, and climb across heights steep and
ramble over hillocks rather low. The trees shoot out joyously in new glory; the
springs bubble merrily and begin to overflow. Being glad that all living things are
in the heyday of their youth, I am passing my life in contented rest.
Let it come then as it would! Remaining in this world for I know not how
long, why do I not set my mind at ease in thinking of whether to leave or to
remain? Why should I be in a hurry to get to know not whither? To be wealthy and to
be high in rank are not what I wish to be the celestial city is not what I expect.
I may wish to go somewhere on a fair day alone, or to weed and manure the soil,
sticking my cane nearby in the clay. Or I may wish to rise on the eastern bank to
halloo in easing my heart, or to compose poetry by the side of a limpid stream. In
such wise, I may merge into Nature and come to my end, delighting in the decree of
Heaven and doubting nought.
3.(谢百魁译本)
Sentiments on My Homecoming
Go home! My homestead is being desolated, why not go home? Since I myself
am to blame for having my soul enthralled by my body, why should I be so sad and
forlorn? I conceive that the past is irredeemable, yet the future has something
rewarding in store. I did not go far astray. I feel today I am doing the sensible,
though all I did yesterday was inane. The boat is rocking, speeding lightly in the
river; the wind is blowing and fluttering my robe. I ask a traveler about the way
lying ahead, and hate that the twilight is so dim at dawn. Then my rustic abode
comes into my view. I hurry there at a joyful trot. My servant comes to greet me,
while my children wait for me at the door. Though the three lanes are left
untended, the pines and chrysanthemums are in good form. Entering with my lads into
the room, I see a wine cup filled to the brim. I drain the dup, replenish it and
relish the wine alone, while contemplating the trees in the courtyard in a blithe
mood. Leaning on the southern window, I show my pride in my humble home, aware of
the ease that might be enjoyed even in a tiny room. The garden becomes my chief
delight with my frequent strolls. The door, though put up there, is often closed.
Supporting my self with a stick, I walk leisurely, and lifting my head now and
then, I gaze on the distant wooded land. The clouds emerge unwittingly from behind
the peaks, and the tired birds fly instinctively back to their nests. The sunlight
is fading at he skyline. I caress the solitary pine, lingering there with a
sympathetic mind.
Go home! I plead with all people to part company with me and leave me in
seclusion. Since I am a misfit in this world, what I to court, driving a cart away
from home? I take it for a great pleasure to listen to my kinsfolk’s affectionate
words and a good diversion to play the lute and read my books. The farmers tell me
that spring is coming and ploughing will begin in the western fields. I will either
ride in my curtained chariot or row my single boat. I will walk along a twisted
trail to visit a deep valley or ramble on a rugged path and traverse the hills.
Trees are thriving in the sun’s glory; water is trickling into a spring at it
course. I envy that all things are in their prime, and deplore that my life is
drawing to a close.
Be resigned to what must be! How long could I lodge my body in the universe
after all? Why not trust my heart to roam at its will? Why should bustle with
disquietude, getting nowhere at all? Wealth and honour are not my wish, and
paradise is beyond hope. Cherish my time and take lonely saunters in the splendid
morn. Or planting my stick in the ground, do some weeding in the fields. Ascend the
eastern hills and shout to my heart’s content or, standing before a limpid stream,
compose and declaim my poetic prose. Obey the laws of nature and let my life run
its course. Be reconciled to my fate with a good grace, leaving no doubt in my
soul!
The boat is moving swiftly ahead with the wind blowing on my garment,
I ask the way from a passer-by and feel sad that there is yet only a gleam of early
dawn.
The shabby house is in view in the distance,
I run happily towards it.
The boy servant comes forward to welcome me,
My youngest son is also waiting for me at the gate.
Though the paths in the garden have nearly been decimated,
The pine trees and the chrysanthemums are still there.
Holding the hand of my child, I walk into the house,
There on the table is wine prepared.
I take up the wine vessel and drink alone,
Enjoying the view of the trees in the garden.
I lean against the south window to indulge in my lofty meditations,
Contented with the ease of living in a small house.
I find pleasure in walking in the garden every day,
Though there is a gate, it is closed all day.
With a staff I roam around, and rest whenever I feel the need,
And at times raise my head to look at things in the distance.
Clouds drift out aimlessly from behind the mountains,
Birds will return to their nests when tired.
It grows dim as the sun sets,
I linger, stroking the trunk of the solitary pine tree.
陶渊明传
萧统
陶渊明,字元亮。或云潜字渊明。浔阳柴桑人也。曾祖侃,晋大司马。渊明少有高趣,博学,善属文;颖脱不群,
任真自得。尝著“五柳先生转”以自况,时人谓之实录。亲老家贫,起为州祭酒;不堪吏职,少日自解归。州召
主簿,不就。躬耕自资,随抱赢疾。江州刺史檀道济往候之,偃卧疾馁有日矣。道济谓曰:“贤者处世,天下无
道则隐,有道则至;今子生文明知识,奈何自苦如此?”对曰:“潜也何敢望贤,志不及也。”道济馈以梁肉,
麾而去之。后为镇军、建威参军,谓亲朋曰:“聊欲弦歌以为三径之资,可乎?”执事者闻之,以为彭泽令。不
以家累自随,送一力给其子,书曰:“汝旦夕之费,自给为难,今遣此力,助汝薪水之劳。此亦人子也,可善遇
之。”公田悉令吏种秫,曰:“吾尝得醉于酒足矣!”妻子固请种秔(同粳 jing1),乃使二顷五十亩种秫,五
十亩中粳。岁终,会郡遣督邮至,县吏请曰:“应束带见之。”渊明叹曰:“我岂能为五斗米,折腰向乡里小
儿!”即日解绶去职,赋“归去来”。 徵(zhi3)著作郎,不久。江州刺史王弘欲识之,不能致也。渊明尝住
庐山,弘名渊明故人庞通之齎(同赍 ji1 怀着;抱着,把东西送给人)酒具,于半道栗里之间邀之。渊明有脚疾,
使一门生舁(yu2 共同抬东西[of two or more persons] carry)二儿篮舆;即至,欣然便共饮酌。俄顷
弘至,亦无迕也。先是颜延之为刘柳后军功曹,在浔阳与渊明情款,后为始安郡,经过浔阳,日造渊明饮焉。每
往,必酣饮至醉。弘欲邀延之坐,弥日不得。延之临去,留二万钱与渊明;渊明悉遣送酒家,稍就取酒。尝九月
九日出宅边菊从中坐,久之,满手把菊,忽值弘送酒至;即便就酌,醉而归。渊明不解音律,而蓄无弦琴一张,
每酒适, 輙(同辄 zhe2 总是;就 always; often; regularly; as soon as; soon after) 抚弄以寄
其意。贵贱造之者,有酒輙设。渊明若先醉,便语客:“我醉欲眠,卿可去!”其真率如此。郡将尝候之,值其
酿熟,取头上葛巾漉酒,漉毕,还复著之。时周续之入庐山,事释慧远;彭城刘遗民亦遁匡山,渊明又不应 命,
谓之 阳三隐。后刺史檀韶苦请续之出州,与学士祖企谢景夷三人,共在城北讲礼,加以雠校。所住公廨(xie4
官吏办事的地方公廨:government office),近于马队。是故渊明示其诗云:“周生述孔业,祖谢响然臻;
马队非讲肆,校书亦已勤。“”其妻翟氏亦能安勤苦,与其同志。自以曾祖晋世宰辅,耻复屈身后代,自宋高祖
王业渐隆,不复肯仕。元嘉四年将复徵命,会卒。时年六十三。世号靖节先生。