Here Are 50 Multiple-Choice Questions (Mcqs) Based On The

UNIT OF LIFE
Indian Syllabus

**1. What is the basic structural and functional unit of life?**

a) Cell

b) Tissue

c) Organ

d) Organism

**Answer: a) Cell**

**2. Who is credited with the discovery of cells?**

a) Robert Hooke

b) Anton van Leeuwenhoek

c) Louis Pasteur

d) Gregor Mendel

**Answer: a) Robert Hooke**

**3. Which cell organelle is responsible for energy production?**

a) Nucleus

b) Mitochondria

c) Golgi apparatus
d) Endoplasmic reticulum

**Answer: b) Mitochondria**

**4. Which type of cells lack a well-defined nucleus?**

a) Prokaryotic cells

b) Eukaryotic cells

c) Animal cells

d) Plant cells

**Answer: a) Prokaryotic cells**

**5. What is the function of ribosomes in a cell?**

a) Synthesizing lipids

b) Protein synthesis

c) Energy production

d) DNA replication

**Answer: b) Protein synthesis**

**6. Which cell organelle is responsible for detoxification and lipid metabolism?**

a) Lysosome

b) Peroxisome

c) Nucleus

d) Chloroplast
**Answer: b) Peroxisome**

**7. Which organelle is responsible for modifying, packaging, and distributing

proteins?**

a) Mitochondria

b) Lysosome

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Endoplasmic reticulum

**Answer: c) Golgi apparatus**

**8. Which cell organelle contains digestive enzymes and is involved in cell waste
disposal?**

a) Nucleus

b) Ribosome

c) Lysosome

d) Vacuole

**Answer: c) Lysosome**

**9. Which of the following is found only in plant cells and not in animal cells?**

a) Mitochondria

b) Centrioles

c) Nucleus
d) Cell wall

**Answer: d) Cell wall**

**10. What is the primary function of the cell wall in plant cells?**

a) Energy production

b) Protein synthesis

c) Structural support

d) Movement

**Answer: c) Structural support**

**11. Which cell organelle is responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells?**

a) Chloroplast

b) Nucleus

c) Mitochondria

d) Lysosome

**Answer: a) Chloroplast**

**12. Which cell organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell?**

a) Nucleus

b) Ribosome

c) Chloroplast

d) Mitochondria
**Answer: d) Mitochondria**

**13. Which type of cells contain membrane-bound nucleus and organelles?**

a) Prokaryotic cells

b) Eukaryotic cells

c) Bacterial cells

d) Archaeal cells

**Answer: b) Eukaryotic cells**

**14. The endoplasmic reticulum can be classified into two types. What are they?
**

a) Rough and smooth

b) Green and white

c) Plant and animal

d) Large and small

**Answer: a) Rough and smooth**

**15. What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?**

a) Energy production

b) Protein synthesis

c) Genetic information storage and regulation

d) Lipid metabolism
**Answer: c) Genetic information storage and regulation**

**16. Which cell organelle is responsible for maintaining cell shape, anchoring
organelles, and facilitating cell movement?**

a) Cytoskeleton

b) Nucleus

c) Vacuole

d) Ribosome

**Answer: a) Cytoskeleton**

**17. What is the role of the central vacuole in plant cells?**

a) Energy production

b) Protein synthesis

c) Waste disposal

d) Maintaining turgor pressure and storage

**Answer: d) Maintaining turgor pressure and storage**

**18. Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?**

a) DNA replication

b) Photosynthesis

c) Regulation of substances entering and leaving the cell

d) Protein synthesis
**Answer: c) Regulation of substances entering and leaving the cell**

**19. Which organelle contains the genetic material of the cell?**

a) Mitochondria

b) Nucleus

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Vacuole

**Answer: b) Nucleus**

**20. What is the role of the nucleolus within the nucleus?**

a) Synthesizing ribosomal RNA

b) Protein synthesis

c) Energy production

d) Lipid metabolism

**Answer: a) Synthesizing ribosomal RNA**

**21. Which cell organelle is responsible for breaking down cellular waste and
debris?**

a) Golgi apparatus

b) Mitochondria

c) Lysosome

d) Nucleus
**Answer: c) Lysosome**

**22. Which molecule carries genetic information from the nucleus to the
ribosomes for protein synthesis?**

a) DNA

b) RNA

c) Lipid

d) Protein

**Answer: b) RNA**

**23. What is the function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?**

a) Protein synthesis

b) Lipid synthesis and detoxification

c) Energy production

d) DNA replication

**Answer: b) Lipid synthesis and detoxification**

**24. Which organelle is responsible for maintaining water balance within a cell?
**

a) Nucleus

b) Vacuole

c) Mitochondria
d) Chloroplast

**Answer: b) Vacuole**

**25. Which cell organelle is responsible for converting light energy into chemical
energy during photosynthesis?**

a) Nucleus

b) Mitochondria

c) Chloroplast

d) Lysosome

**Answer: c) Chloroplast**

**26. What is the primary function of the Golgi apparatus?**

a) Protein synthesis

b) Energy production

c) Lipid metabolism

d) Modifying, packaging, and distributing cellular products

**Answer: d) Modifying, packaging, and distributing cellular products**

**27. Which organelle is involved in cellular respiration and produces ATP?**

a) Chloroplast

b) Nucleus

c) Mitochondria
d) Endoplasmic reticulum

**Answer: c) Mitochondria**

**28. Which type of cells are found in plants and are responsible for
photosynthesis?**

a) Parenchyma cells

b) Neurons

c) Muscle cells

d) Red blood cells

**Answer: a) Parenchyma cells**

**29. Which structure is responsible for the movement of chromosomes during

cell division?**

a) Ribosome

b) Lysosome

c) Centriole

d) Peroxisome

**Answer: c) Centriole**

**30. Which organelle stores pigments and toxins in plant cells?**

a) Nucleus

b) Vacuole
c) Mitochondria

d) Chloroplast

**Answer: b) Vacuole**

**31. What is the role of peroxisomes in a cell?**

a) Protein synthesis

b) Lipid metabolism and detoxification

c) Energy production

d) Photosynthesis

**Answer: b) Lipid metabolism and detoxification**

**32. Which cell organelle is involved in cell division and helps in organizing
microtubules?**

a) Nucleus

b) Vacuole

c) Centriole

d) Golgi apparatus

**Answer: c) Centriole**

**33. Which type of cells contain a large central vacuole and chloroplasts?**

a) Animal cells

b) Bacterial cells
c) Plant cells

d) Fungal cells

**Answer: c) Plant cells**

**34. Which cellular structure is responsible for maintaining the integrity of the
cell membrane?**

a) Nucleus

b) Cell wall

c) Cytoskeleton

d) Vacuole

**Answer: c) Cytoskeleton**

**35. Which organelle is responsible for synthesizing and assembling ribosomal

RNA (rRNA)?**

a) Mitochondria

b) Nucleolus

c) Lysosome

d) Chloroplast

**Answer: b) Nucleolus**

**36. Which cellular structure is involved in the synthesis of lipids and steroids?**

a) Rough endoplasmic reticulum

b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Nucleus

**Answer: b) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum**

**37. Which cell organelle is responsible for maintaining cell turgidity and rigidity
in plants?**

a) Nucleus

b) Cell membrane

c) Cell wall

d) Mitochondria

**Answer: c) Cell wall**

**38. What is the function of the nuclear membrane (nuclear envelope)?**

a) Regulation of substances entering and leaving the nucleus

b) Protein synthesis

c) Energy production

d) DNA replication

**Answer: a) Regulation of substances entering and leaving the nucleus**

**39. Which organelle contains the green pigment chlorophyll and is involved in
photosynthesis?**
a) Mitochondria

b) Nucleus

c) Chloroplast

d) Vacuole

**Answer: c) Chloroplast**

**40. Which organelle is responsible for lipid metabolism and detoxification in

liver cells?**

a) Peroxisome

b) Chloroplast

c) Lysosome

d) Vacuole

**Answer: a) Peroxisome**

**41. Which structure is responsible for transporting proteins within the cell?**

a) Nucleus

b) Cytoskeleton

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Cell membrane

**Answer: b) Cytoskeleton**

**42. What is the function of the cell membrane?**

a) Synthesizing DNA

b) Regulating water balance

c) Producing ATP

d) Controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell

**Answer: d) Controlling the passage of substances in and out of the cell**

**43. Which organelle contains enzymes necessary for the breakdown of fatty
acids and detoxification of harmful substances?**

a) Mitochondria

b) Nucleus

c) Lysosome

d) Peroxisome

**Answer: d) Peroxisome**

**44. Which type of cell division results in the formation of gametes (sperm and
egg cells)?**

a) Mitosis

b) Meiosis

c) Binary fission

d) Budding

**Answer: b) Meiosis**
**45. Which organelle is responsible for storing and releasing calcium ions in
muscle cells?**

a) Chloroplast

b) Mitochondria

c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

d) Nucleus

**Answer: c) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum**

**46. What is the role of ribosomes in protein synthesis?**

a) Synthesizing DNA

b) Producing ATP

c) Synthesizing RNA

d) Assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains

**Answer: d) Assembling amino acids into polypeptide chains**

**47. Which cellular structure is responsible for breaking down excess or worn-
out cell parts?**

a) Chloroplast

b) Lysosome

c) Golgi apparatus

d) Nucleus

**Answer: b) Lysosome**
**48. What is the function of the nucleoplasm within the nucleus?**

a) Synthesizing DNA

b) Storing genetic information

c) Regulating cell metabolism

d) Providing structural support

**Answer: c) Regulating cell metabolism**

**49. Which cell organelle is responsible for the synthesis and assembly of
ribosomal RNA (rRNA)?**

a) Nucleus

b) Ribosome

c) Nucleolus

d) Lysosome

**Answer: c) Nucleolus**

**50. What is the function of the cytoplasm in a cell?**

a) Energy production

b) Storage of genetic information

c) Cellular respiration

d) Providing a medium for cellular processes

**Answer: d) Providing a medium for cellular processes**